The Manager's Pocket Guide to Creativity (Manager's Pocket Guide Series)

❂ THE MANAGER’S POCKET GUIDE TO

CREATIVITY Alexander Hiam

HRD PRESS Amherst, Massachusetts

LAKEWOOD PUBLICATIONS Minneapolis, Minnesota

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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 4GKPXGPVVJG9JGGN!0Q6JCPMU *CXGPŏV)QVVJG6KOG #DQWV6JKU2QEMGV)WKFG

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PART ONE: THE FUNDAMENTALS  #UUGUUKPI2GTUQPCN%TGCVKXKV[



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PART TWO: PROCESS TOOLS AND TRANSFERAL  6JG%TGCVGTEK\G#EVKXKV[



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❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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INTRODUCTION Reinvent the Wheel? No Thanks—Haven’t Got the Time

PEOPLE OFTEN USE THE EXPRESSIONő.GVŏUPQV TGKPXGPVVJGYJGGNŒYJGPVJG[YCPVVQGPUWTGVJCVVKOG CPFGPGTI[KUPŏVYCUVGFQPPGGFNGUUYQTM9J[URGPF VKOGTGXKUKPICYJQNGNKPGQHRTQFWEVUYJGPQPN[QPG RTQFWEVPGGFUKORTQXKPI!1TYJ[URGPFGPGTI[TG FGUKIPKPI[QWTEWUVQOGTUGTXKEGHWPEVKQPYJGP[QWECP DGPEJOCTMOQUVQHKVHTQOCPQVJGTEQORCP[!9J[FQ CP[VJKPICNNQXGTCICKPHTQOVJGXGT[DGIKPPKPIYJGPC HGYCFLWUVOGPVUYKNNIKXG[QWVJGTGUWNVU[QWPGGF! $WVVJGTGKUCPQVJGTJKFFGPCURGEVQHVJGKFKQOőTGKP XGPVVJGYJGGNŒ+ŏOTGHGTTKPIVQJQYYGFQRTQFWEVKXG VJKPIUPQVYJCVYGFQ +VUVTWEMOGTGEGPVN[VJCVVJGKPXGPVKQPQHVJGOQFGTP FC[YJGGNOWUVJCXGVCMGPCPCYHWNN[NQPIVKOGCPF WRQPFQKPIUQOGTGUGCTEJ+NGCTPGFKVJCFKPHCEVVCMGP OCP[VJQWUCPFUQH[GCTU6QDGRTGEKUGFGXGNQRKPIVJG YJGGNHTQOKVUHKTUVETWFGXGTUKQPōCETQUUUGEVKQPQHC VTGGVTWPMYKVJCDQTGFQWVJQNGōKPVQKVUDCUKEOQFGTP v

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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vi

Introduction

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About This Pocket Guide YOU WILL FIND IN THIS GUIDEBOOK CPCRRTQCEJVQ ETGCVKXKV[VJCVQHHGTURTCEVKECNVQQNUCPFUWIIGUVKQPUHQT ETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIYJKNGPGXGTNQUKPIVQWEJYKVJCP GUUGPVKCNEQORQPGPVQHVJCVVJKPMKPIKVUNQQUGPGUUKVU HTGGFQOKVUTKUMVCMKPI6QICKPPGYKPUKIJVUKPVQCP[ UWDLGEVYGOWUVőIGVWPUVWEMŒōYGOWUVXKGYVJG UWDLGEVKPCPGYNKIJV#PFVJCVKPENWFGUVJGVQRKEQH ETGCVKXKV[KVUGNH #U[QWYKNNUGGKPVJKUIWKFGDQQMCPFCUGZRNCKPGFKP VJGRTGXKGYDGNQYVJGRTCEVKECNGNGOGPVUQHőFQKPIŒ ETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIōVJGOGVJQFUVJCVJGNRWUIGVWP UVWEMōECPVJGOUGNXGUDGETGCVKXG+PHCEVYJCVDGVVGT YC[VQFTKXGJQOGVJGRQYGTQHVJGETGCVKXGVJQWIJV RTQEGUUVJCPVQIQQWVQPCNKODCPFDGETGCVKXGCDQWV ETGCVKXKV[!6JCVŏUYJCVVJKUDQQMFQGUCPFYJCV[QW YKNNUQQPDGFQKPIVQQ #ETGCVKXGCRRTQCEJKULWUVQPGQHVJGOCP[HGCVWTGUVJCV UGVUVJKUDQQMCRCTV/[IQCNKUVQKPURKTG[QWKPQTFGTVQ JGNR[QWCEJKGXGDTGCMVJTQWIJVJKPMKPI+VŏUIQKPIVQDG HWPUQNGVŏUIGVUVCTVGF

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

WHAT TO EXPECT: A QUICK PREVIEW #2GTUQPCN%TGCVKXKV[#UUGUUOGPV #TG[QWETGCVKXG!1HEQWTUGDGECWUGGXGT[QPGKUECRC DNGQHETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI$WVKVKUKOOGPUGN[TGXGCNKPIVQ NQQMENQUGN[CVVJGOCP[DCTTKGTUVQCPFGPCDNGTUQH ETGCVKXKV[CPFUGGYJKEJQPGUCRRN[ See VQ[QW&QKPIUQPQVQPN[CNNQYU[QW CHAPTER 1 VQICWIGJQYETGCVKXG[QWTYQTM RNCEGDGJCXKQTKUTKIJVPQYDWVCNUQJGNRU[QWKFGPVKH[ JQYVQOCMGKVOQTGETGCVKXG#PFKH[QWUWRGTXKUGQT VTCKPQVJGTU[QWECPWUGVJKUCUUGUUOGPVVQWPFGTUVCPF YJCV[QWOWUVFQVQJGNRVJGOUWUVCKPETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI KPVJGKTYQTM5QIQCJGCFVCMGVJGETGCVKXKV[VGUV;QW JCXGPQVJKPIVQNQUGCPFCNQVVQICKP

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#.QQMCV9C[U9G%NQUG1HH%TGCVKXKV[ 6JKUKUYJGTG+TCPVCPFTCXGCDQWVVJGVGTTKDNGUVWRKF VJKPIUYGCNNFQVQQWTUGNXGUCPFQWTYQTMRNCEGUVQ DNQEMETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI$GECWUGVJGTGCTGUQOGXGT[ UKORNGDCUKEKUUWGUYGPGGFVQ See YQTMQPKUUWGUVJCVETQRWRTG CHAPTERS 2 & 4 RGCVGFN[KPVJGQTICPK\CVKQPU+ XKUKVQTEQPUWNVYKVJ(KZKPIVJGOKUVJGőPQDTCKPGTŒ CRRTQCEJVQETGCVKXKV[DWVQPN[KH[QWVCMGPQVKEGQH VJGOKPVJGHKTUVRNCEG5QRNGCUGTGXKGYVJGEJGEMNKUV

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Introduction

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❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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Introduction

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CTGFGUKIPGFHQTRTCEVKECNCRRNKECVKQP+HQEWUUSWCTGN[ QPTGCNYQTNFUWDLGEVUVJKPIU[QW A Notable PGGFETGCVKXGKFGCUCDQWVPQY Feature 'XGPKPVTCKPKPIGXGPVU+HCXQT TQNNKPIWRQPGŏUUNGGXGUCPFIGVVKPIGPICIGFKPRTGUUKPI KUUWGUVJGSWGUVKQPUCPFRTQDNGOUCVJCPFUKPEGVJGTG CTGUQOCP[QHVJGOCVCP[VKOGKPVJGCXGTCIG YQTMRNCEG

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6TCKPKPI6TCPUHGT#UUGUUOGPV 9JGVJGT[QWWUGVJKUDQQMKPFGRGP See FGPVN[HQTRGTUQPCNGFWECVKQPQTCU CHAPTER 13 RCTVQHCVTCKPKPIRTQITCO[QW YQPŏVDGPGHKVHTQOCP[VJKPI[QWNGCTPWPNGUU[QWECP VTCPUHGTKVVQVJGYQTMRNCEG6JGDGUVYC[VQGPUWTG VTCPUHGTCNKUVQHQEWUVJKUDQQMŏUOGVJQFUQP[QWTCEVWCN RTGUUKPIETGCVKXKV[PGGFUCVYQTM+ŏXGKPENWFGFVQQNU

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

VJCVYKNNJGNR[QWVCMGVJKUKORQTVCPVUVGRVJCVEQOG GSWKRRGFYKVJCPGEGUUCT[TGCNYQTNFHQEWU6JG[HQTO O[DCUKEEQPVTKDWVKQPVQVTCPUHGTCN *QYGXGTKHVTCPUHGTCNKUCRTQDNGOKP[QWTYQTMRNCEG [QWRTQDCDN[YKNNPGGFGZVTCJGNR6QIKXG[QWCJCPF +ŏXGKPENWFGFCPCUUGUUOGPVKPUVTWOGPVKP%JCRVGT 7UGKVVQKFGPVKH[VJGDCTTKGTUVQVTCPUHGTCNVJGPOCMGKV [QWTRGTUQPCNRTQLGEVVQEJKRCYC[CVVJGO

0GY5VWHHō.QVUQH0GY5VWHH 'XGT[QPGQHVJGCDQXGőFGNKXGTCDNGUŒKUKVUGNHPQXGNCPF ETGCVKXGTGHNGEVKPIO[EQPXKEVKQPVJCVVJGTGKUPQRQKPV TGKVGTCVKPIVKTGFYKUFQOQPCVQRKE A Notable GURGEKCNN[KHVJGVQRKEKUETGCVKXKV[ Feature +ŏXGTGVJQWIJVCNOQUVGXGT[CURGEV QHETGCVKXKV[CPF+ECPJQPGUVN[UC[VJCVVJKUDQQMKU TCFKECNN[FKHHGTGPVHTQOCP[VJKPIVJCVŏURTGXKQWUN[ CRRGCTGFQPVJGVQRKEGXGPO[QYPYQTM

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Introduction

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

9GNNVJCVEQPENWFGUVJGSWKEMRTGXKGYQHYJCV[QW ECPGZRGEVVQHKPFKPVJGIWKFGDQQM0QYTGCF2CTV1PG YJKEJGZRNCKPUVJGHWPFCOGPVCNUQHETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI QTKH[QWCTGKPCJWTT[HQTCETGCVKXGUQNWVKQPUKORN[ VJWODVJTQWIJVJGDQQMRKEMCOGVJQFVJCVŏUNKMGN[VQ YQTMCPFVJGPVT[KV#PFCU;QFCHTQOVJG5VCT9CTU OQXKGUOKIJVUC[YGTGJGKPEJCTIGQHFGXGNQRKPIC ETGCVKXKV[EWTTKEWNWO May the force of creativity be with you!

*OO+YQPFGTYJCVC5VCT9CTUETGCVKXKV[EQWTUG YQWNFDGNKMG/C[DGVJCVUJQWNFDGO[PGZVRTQLGEV 0CJHQTIGVKV+OWUVDGPWVU$WVKVŏUCNYC[UYQTVJ EQPUKFGTKPICPGYKFGCPQOCVVGTJQYUKNN[TKIJV!

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Part One

The Fundamentals

1 ASSESSING PERSONAL CREATIVITY I TEND TO BE A CONTRARIAN,CPFUQ+IWGUUKV UJQWNFPŏVUWTRTKUGOGVQHKPFVJCVO[XKGYQHETGCVKXKV[ KULWUVCDQWVVJGQRRQUKVGQHVJGQPGVJCVFQOKPCVGUKP EQTRQTCVGVTCKPKPICPFEQPUWNVKPIVQFC[/[XKGYKU VJCVETGCVKXKV[KUCPKPFKXKFWCNURQTVCVJGCTVPQVCVGCO URQTV5WTGKVKUQHVGPPGEGUUCT[CPFUQOGVKOGUGXGP JGNRHWNVQYQTMQPETGCVKXGRTQLGEVUYKVJVGCOUQTQVJGT ITQWRU$WVGXGPYJGPCITQWRKUEQPXGPGFVJGDQVVQO NKPGKUVJCVKFGCUJCXGVQEQOGHTQOVJGHGTVKNGKOCIKPC VKQPUQHKPFKXKFWCNITQWROGODGTU+H[QWFQPŏVJCXGCV NGCUVQPGőKFGCRGTUQPŒKPVJGITQWRKVYKNNHCKN#PF UQO[CRRTQCEJVQETGCVKXKV[KUKPFKXKFWCNKUVKEō+ŏO EQPXKPEGFVJGMG[KUVQKPETGCUGVJGNGXGNQHETGCVKXKV[ QHVJGKPFKXKFWCNUKPCP[QTICPK\CVKQP ;GVOCP[EQPUWNVCPVUCPFVTCKPGTUUGGOVQHQEWUQP ITQWRRTQEGUUGUCUVJGMG[VQETGCVKXKV[6JCVŏUCNNYGNN CPFIQQFCPF+CITGGVJCVITQWRRTQEGUUGUECPDGTWP KPYC[UVJCVOCZKOK\GKPFKXKFWCNETGCVKXKV[$WVKVKU KORQTVCPVVQMGGRKPOKPFVJCVVJGITQWRUCTGOCFG WRQHKPFKXKFWCNUōKPFKXKFWCNUYJQCTGOQTGQTNGUU ETGCVKXGFGRGPFKPIWRQPVJGKTVTCKPKPIRTGRCTCVKQP 3

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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1. Assessing Personal Creativity

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EXHIBIT 1. “Greenhouse Ruin” by Ken Kipen

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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1. Assessing Personal Creativity

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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1. Assessing Personal Creativity

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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1. Assessing Personal Creativity

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THE PERSONAL CREATIVITY ASSESSMENT Instructions: Simply check off all the statements that apply to you; then refer to the interpretation guides that follow the checklists. Later, you will be given a creativity matrix on which to plot your assessment results.

PERSONAL ENABLERS

❏ Knowledge. I am aware of many practical techniques for generating ideas.

❏ Locus of control. I am empowered to be creative by a

sense of control over my personal circumstances and fate when at work.

❏ Confidence. I am confident of my ability to produce valuable new ideas and solutions.

❏ Open-mindedness. I am drawn to new perspectives, even when they clash with my assumptions or values.

❏ Experience. I have often benefited from my own and others’ creativity in past work experiences.

❏ Role models. There are a number of people in my workplace who have succeeded in part because of their high level of creativity.

❏ Leadership support. My leaders (including supervisors and managers) encourage creativity.

❏ Leadership openness. My leaders are open to input and enjoy listening to my ideas.

(Continued)

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

THE PERSONAL CREATIVITY ASSESSMENT (Continued) MORE PERSONAL ENABLERS

❏ Rewards. People who exhibit creativity in my workplace are rewarded for their efforts

❏ Training. We receive plenty of good training to help us be more creative.

❏ Emotional resiliency. I feel secure enough in my workplace to handle the risks of creativity.

❏ Diverse inputs. My work and hobbies expose me to a wide variety of ideas and practices.

❏ Independence. I am viewed as an independent thinker by my peers.

❏ Lack of attachment. I am not attached to specific ideas or theories; I like exploring many alternatives.

❏ Playfulness. I like “fooling around” with ideas, and find creative thinking and problem-solving activities fun.

❏ Persistence. Once I get thinking about a problem, I don’t set it completely aside until I’ve solved it—even if it takes many weeks.

❏ Empathy. I am good at sensing what others think and feel, and this skill helps me pick up or add to the good ideas of my associates.

(Continued)

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1. Assessing Personal Creativity

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THE PERSONAL CREATIVITY ASSESSMENT (Continued) MORE PERSONAL ENABLERS

❏ Self-perception. I see myself as a creative person. ❏ Inventiveness. I like to invent new products and devices. ❏ Boundary-breaking. I often come up with fresh ideas by

making connections between unrelated things or unrelated activities.

Interpretation Guide—Personal Enablers Add up the check marks to see the number of personal enablers you have right now. The more you have, the more likely you are to be successfully creative at work. If you checked 11 or more statements, then you can classify yourself as having a high level of enablers.

PERSONAL BARRIERS

❏ Acceptance. I tend to take a “don’t rock the boat” attitude instead of challenging the status quo.

❏ Low self-evaluation of work. I don’t think the work I do

in my job is particularly valuable or worthwhile in the grand scheme of things.

❏ Lack of skill diversity. My work requires a specific, narrow set of skills.

❏ Limited chances for skill development. My work does not give me many opportunities to develop new skills.

(Continued)

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

THE PERSONAL CREATIVITY ASSESSMENT (Continued) MORE PERSONAL BARRIERS

❏ No challenges. My work does not challenge me. ❏ No sense of personal responsibility. I don’t feel personally responsible for the results of my work because it’s hard to see how my own contributions affect overall performance.

❏ Limited size of solution sets. We are encouraged to solve problems in certain ways, rather than to explore unconventional approaches.

❏ No role models. Most of the time, my supervisors do not act or think like creative people.

❏ Narrow-minded peer acceptance. My work associates are not open to new or wild ideas.

❏ Sanctions. People who spend too much time on creative

thinking are labeled as trouble-makers or accused of being lazy.

❏ Fears. I don’t like to contribute too many ideas, because if

people think you’re a trouble-maker, things will go badly for you in the long run.

❏ Personal narrow-mindedness. I guess I’m fairly set in my ways. My feeling is, “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.”

(Continued)

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1. Assessing Personal Creativity

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THE PERSONAL CREATIVITY ASSESSMENT (Continued) MORE PERSONAL BARRIERS

❏ Bipolar thinking. I generally prefer to look at two

alternatives—that’s why I often find myself thinking in terms of “either/or” solutions.

❏ Overconfidence. At work, we’re pretty certain that our

approach is the right one—maybe so certain that we don’t always examine alternatives as well as we could.

❏ Time pressures. There is so much pressure to finish one thing and get to the next that I rarely have time to take a thoughtful, lengthy approach to a problem.

❏ Procedure constraints. I have some ideas about how to do things better, but I don’t bring them up because they would violate our policies and procedures.

❏ Red tape. There isn’t much point in contributing creative ideas, because they will just get lost in the bureaucracy.

❏ Close-minded leaders. My leaders (supervisors, managers) are not very open to new ideas. They tend to react defensively.

❏ Group-process constraints. I’d like to do more creative thinking, but there isn’t much opportunity for it in the way we run our meetings and projects.

(Continued)

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

THE PERSONAL CREATIVITY ASSESSMENT (Concluded) MORE PERSONAL BARRIERS

❏ Conformance pressure. If you don’t look and act the “right” way, you can’t succeed in my workplace.

Interpretation Guide—Personal Barriers Add up the check marks to see the number of personal barriers you have right now. Less is more for this scale, as the fewer barriers you have, the more likely you are to be successfully creative at work. If you checked 11 or more statements, then you can classify yourself as facing a high level of barriers in your job. Any barrier is a potential problem, though; so the best scores are in the 0-to-3 range.

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1. Assessing Personal Creativity

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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1. Assessing Personal Creativity

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EXHIBIT 2. Personal Creativity Matrix

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

.GVŏUUC[[QWRNQV[QWTUEQTGUCPFHKPF[QWCTGPŏVKPVJG OQUVFGUKTCDNGRQTVKQPQHVJGOCVTKZōVJGWRRGTTKIJV JCPFEGNNYJGTGJKIJSWCNKV[ETGCVKXGVJQWIJVKUGCUKN[ CVVCKPCDNGCVYQTM&QPŏVFGURCKT8GT[HGYQHVJGHCEVQTU YGOGCUWTGFKPVJGCUUGUUOGPVCTGKOOWVCDNGōRGTJCRU PQPGCTG RU[EJQNQIKUVUJCXGFGDCVGFVJGFWTCDKNKV[QH UWEJRGTUQPCNKV[XCTKCDNGU5Q[QWECPVCMGUVGRUVQ KORTQXGVJGUEQTGUHQT[QWTUGNHQTCP[QPG[QWUWRGTXKUG QTVTCKP+VKUSWKVGHGCUKDNGVQDQQUVVJGUVTGPIVJCPF PWODGTQHRGTUQPCNGPCDNGTU#PFKVKUCNUQRGTHGEVN[ HGCUKDNGVQTGFWEGVJGDCTTKGTUVQETGCVKXKV[ (QTOCP[QHWUUKORN[JCXKPIVJKUNKUVQHQWTGPCDNGTU CPFDCTTKGTUJGNRUWUDGIKPVQVCMGEQPVTQNQXGTVJGO5Q RNGCUGXKGY[QWTETGCVKXKV[RTQHKNGCUCYQTMKPRTQITGUU #UUWOG[QWYKNNOQXGőWRCPFQWVŒQXGTVKOG

2TQVGEVKPI2GTUQPCN%TGCVKXKV[KPVJG9QTMRNCEG #PQVJGTCDUQNWVGN[XKVCNECXGCVVJGRTQHKNGUCTGQPN[ RCTVQHVJGETGCVKXKV[GSWCVKQP6JG[EQPEGTPPCVWTCN VGPFGPEKGUōJQYGCUKN[CPFQHVGPYGVJKPMCPFCEVETG CVKXGN[$WVUWEJVGPFGPEKGUECPDGWPFGTOKPGFD[WUQT QVJGTUVJTQWIJWPETGCVKXGCEVKQPUQTRTQEGUUGUōVJKPIU VJCVFGUVTQ[VJGHTCIKNGITQYVJYKVJKPQWTETGCVKXKV[ ITGGPJQWUG+P%JCRVGTUCPF+GZCOKPGVJGCNNVQQ EQOOQPYC[UKPYJKEJQWTETGCVKXKV[ECPDGUOQVJGTGF D[QTICPK\CVKQPCNEWNVWTGCPFTKVWCNUKPCRRTQRTKCVG UWRGTXKUQT[UV[NGUCPFQWTQYPDCFJCDKVU 20

2 UNCREATIVE HABITS

Nine Ways We Close Off Creativity LET’S BE BRUTALLY HONEST. +VŏUGCU[VQDNQY ETGCVKXKV[DKIVKOGD[OCMKPIUKORNGGTTQTUVJCVUVKHNG ETGCVKXKV[QTCNNQYVJGHTWKVUQHETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIVQURQKN QPVJGVTGG#PFOQUVRGQRNGFQ;GVOWEJQHVJGCFXKEG [QWIGVQPETGCVKXKV[KUUQUQRJKUVKECVGFVJCVKVHCKNUVQ CFFTGUUVJGUGEQOOQPRNCEGGTTQTU(QTKPUVCPEGVJG FGVCKNUQHJQYVQTWPCITQWRDTCKPUVQTOKPIRTQEGUU CTGKPVTWVJQHNKVVNGEQPUGSWGPEGKH[QWJCTFN[GXGT DTCKPUVQTOKPVJGHKTUVRNCEG +ŏOQHVGPCUMGFVQEQOGKPVQCPQTICPK\CVKQPCUCEQPUWN VCPVQTVTCKPGTVQJGNRRGQRNGőIGVQWVQHVJGDQZŒCPF HKPFPGYUQNWVKQPU9JGVJGTKVŏUPGYRTQFWEVEQPEGRVU PGYDWUKPGUUUVTCVGIKGUQTPGYYC[UVQEWVGTTQTUQTKO RTQXGGORNQ[GGRGTHQTOCPEG+COWUWCNN[UWTRTKUGFVQ HKPF+ECPUWIIGUVOCP[PQXGNCRRTQCEJGU5WTRTKUGF DGECWUGYJGP[QWEQOGTKIJVFQYPVQKV+ŏOPQVPGEGU UCTKN[UOCTVGTVJCPO[ENKGPVUCPF+TCTGN[MPQYVJGKT KPFWUVT[CUYGNNCUVJG[FQ5QYJ[FQ+UGGCNNUQTVUQH CNVGTPCVKXGUVJG[FQPŏV!$GECWUGVJG[CTGHCKNKPIVQőFQŒ 21

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

ETGCVKXKV[KPVJGHKTUVRNCEG6JG[CTGOCMKPIUQOGQH VJQUGQDXKQWUGTTQTUVJCVVTCR[QWKPTQWVKPGVJKPMKPI CPFENQUGQHHETGCVKXGCXGPWGUōGXGPETGCVKXGCXGPWGU VJCVUGGOHCKTN[QDXKQWUVQOQUVQWVUKFGTU +ŏOPQVVJGQPN[QPGYJQHGGNUVJKUYC[+QHVGPVCNMVQ GORNQ[GGUYJQMPQYRTGEKUGN[YJCVVJGKTQTICPK\C VKQPŏURTQDNGOUCTGCPF JQYVQUQNXGVJGODWVHKPF VJGKTUGPKQTOCPCIGTUCTG SWKVGWPCDNGVQUGGVJG QDXKQWU#PFEWUVQOGTU QHVGPQHHGTDTKNNKCPVKPUKIJVU YJGPIKXGPJCNHCEJCPEGō “On my count now, transform DTKNNKCPVVQOCPCIGOGPV yourselves into creative, freeDWVRCKPHWNN[QDXKQWUVQ thinking mavericks. Ready?” EWUVQOGTU 6JGUGUQTVUQHGZRGTKGPEGUJCXGNGFOGVQDGNKGXGVJCVC HQWPFCVKQPCNCVVCEMQPVJGEQTRQTCVGETGCVKXKV[RTQDNGO KUUQOGVKOGUOQTGXCNWCDNGVJCPVJGUQRJKUVKECVGF őWRRGTUVQT[ŒCRRTQCEJGUVCMGPD[OQUVGZRGTVU#U CTGUWNV+JCXGITCFWCNN[EQORKNGFCNKUVQHVJGOQUV EQOOQPőPQDTCKPGTŒGTTQTUVJKPIUVJCVTQWVKPGN[ DNQEMETGCVKXKV[KPQTICPK\CVKQPUCPFHQTOCP[QHWU CUKPFKXKFWCNUCUYGNN6JGTGUWNVKPINKUVOKIJVDGECNNGF ő%TGCVKXKV[HQT&WOOKGUŒGZEGRVVJGTGCNKV[KUYGCNN 22

2. Uncreative Habits

❂

OCMGVJGUGFWODOKUVCMGUCPFHCTVQQQHVGP6JG[CTG GODGFFGFKPQWTQTICPK\CVKQPCNEWNVWTGUCPFKPQWT KPFKXKFWCNVTCKPKPICUUVWFGPVUCPFGORNQ[GGU6JG[ OC[GXGPJCXGUQOGXCNWGWPFGTEKTEWOUVCPEGUKP YJKEJETGCVKXKV[KUPQVTGSWKTGF$WVVJGXCUVOCLQTKV[QH WUNKXGCPFYQTMKPEKTEWOUVCPEGUVJCVFGOCPFETGCVKXK V[CPFUQYGCNNPGGFVQLGVVKUQPVJGUGDCFJCDKVU0QY

THE NINE BAD HABITS (CKNWTGVQ#UM3WGUVKQPU %TGCVKXKV[TGSWKTGUCPKPSWKUKVKXGOKPF(TGUJETGCVKXG VJQWIJVUFQPŏVITQYKPVJGFT[UQKNQHOKPFNGUUCEEGR VCPEG;GVKVKUGCU[VQIQVJTQWIJQPGŏUFC[YKVJQWV ECNNKPICP[VJKPIKORQTVCPVKPVQSWGUVKQP+HYGYQWNF QPN[FGNKDGTCVGQPDWUKPGUUFGEKUKQPUCUECTGHWNN[CUYG FQQPYJCVVQQTFGTHTQOCTGUVCWTCPVOGPWYGYQWNF GHHQTVNGUUN[DGEQOGHCTOQTGETGCVKXG 7PNGUU[QWCUMNQVUQHYJ[SWGUVKQPU[QWYQPŏV IGPGTCVGETGCVKXGKPUKIJVU2GTKQF6QCXQKFVJKUOQUV EQOOQPQHETGCVKXKV[GTTQTUDGUWTGVQRGGMWPFGTCNN VJGECTRGVUKPENWFKPI[QWTQYP&QPŏVVCMGCP[VJKPIHQT ITCPVGF'URGEKCNN[UWEEGUU 6QRWVVJKURTKPEKRNGKPVQCEVKQPYGPGGFVQIGVKPVJG IQQFJCDKVQHCUMKPIQWTUGNXGUCPFVJQUGCTQWPFWUVQ 23

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

SWGUVKQPOQTGVJKPIUOQTGQHVGP+H[QWCTGPŏVUWTGJQY VQFQVJKULWUVURGPFCNKVVNGVKOGYKVJCHQWT[GCTQNF %JKNFTGPCTQWPFVJKUCIGPQVQPN[SWGUVKQP[QWTGNGPV NGUUN[ YJ[KUVJGUM[DNWGCP[YC[!DWVCNUQSWGUVKQP VJGKTGPXKTQPOGPVD[EQPUVCPVN[OCPKRWNCVKPIKV YJCV JCRRGPUKH[QWVT[VQUVCEMVJGUGDNQEMUTGCNN[JKIJ!1J VJG[HCNNFQYP*OO9QPFGTYJCVJCRRGPUKHVJG[HCNN QP&CFŏUEQHHGGOWI%QQNKVDTGCMU1TKH[QWJCXGPŏV IQVCP[QPGKPVJCVCIGITQWRJCPF[VT[YCVEJKPIC VGGPCIGTGZRNQTGCPGYUQHVYCTGRTQITCO-KFUCVVJKU CIGFQVJGUCOGVJKPIőRQMGŒUQOGVJKPIGXGT[YC[ VJG[ECPVQHKPFQWVJQYKVYQTMU#PFKPVJGRTQEGUU VJG[UWTHCEGOCP[TGNCVKQPUJKRUVJCVCFWNVUYQWNFPŏV FKUEQXGTWPNGUUGSWKRRGFYKVJCWUGTŏUOCPWCN 9JGPYCUVJGNCUVVKOG[QWőRQMGFŒ[QWTQYPYQTM RTQEGUUGUKPVJGUCOGYC[CMKFFQGUCPGYEQORWVGT ICOG!*CTFVQTGOGODGTKUPŏVKV!6JCVOGCPU[QWŏTG PQVCUMKPIVJQUGNQQUGN[FGHKPGFKORWNUKXGSWGUVKQPU VJCVUQQHVGPIKXGDKTVJVQETGCVKXGKPUKIJV &QPŏVHGGNDCFō[QWŏTGPQVCNQPG6JGHCKNWTGVQCUM SWGUVKQPUKUCYKFGURTGCFUQEKCNRJGPQOGPQPKPHCEV OQUVQHQWTUQEKCNKPUVKVWVKQPUUGGOFGUKIPGFVQNKOKVKH PQVQWVTKIJVFKUEQWTCIGETGCVKXGGPSWKT[#PFOCP[QH VJGRTQEGUUGUWUGFKPQTICPK\CVKQPUCTGLWUVCUDCFKHPQV YQTUG6CMGVJGV[RKECNUVCHHOGGVKPIVJGOQUVDNCVCPV GZCORNGQHCPWPETGCVKXGRTQEGUU 24

2. Uncreative Habits

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#VGXGT[UVCHHOGGVKPI+CVVGPFQTUGGVTCPUETKRVUQHKVU NGCFGTWPYKVVKPIN[HCKNUVQCUMHQTETGCVKXGKFGCUGXGP CVVJGOQUVQRRQTVWPGRQKPVU#HQTOCNRTQHGUUKQPCN CVOQURJGTGKUEQODKPGFYKVJCUVTWEVWTGFEQPXGTUCVKQP RCVJQTOGGVKPICIGPFCVQMGGRRGQRNGőQPVTCEMŒQT őHQEWUGFŒ)TGCV+VQQJCVGOGGVKPIUVJCVFTCIQPCPF QP$WV+CNUQJCVGOGGVKPIUKPYJKEJPQHTGGYJGGNKPI QEEWTU9J[OGGVKPVJGHKTUVRNCEGKH[QWFQPŏVVCMG CFXCPVCIGQHVJGITQWRŏUWPKSWGETGCVKXGRQVGPVKCN! 1PGRGTUQPŏUSWGUVKQPQTEQOOGPVECPGCUKN[UVKOWNCVG CPQVJGTŏUKOCIKPCVKQPōKH[QWCUMHQTKOCIKPCVKXG VJKPMKPI6JWUPQDWUKPGUUOGGVKPIUJQWNFTGCEJKVUGPF YKVJQWVVJGNGCFGTCUMKPIHQTETGCVKXGKFGCU 9GŏNNTG VWTPVQVJKUVQRKENCVGTKP%JCRVGTCPFVCMGCHWTVJGT NQQMCVGPEQWTCIKPIETGCVKXKV[KPOGGVKPIU 5QPQYVJCV[QWŏTGCYCTGQHVJKUWPETGCVKXGJCDKV[QW ECPUVCTVTCVVNKPIKVUEJCKPU6T[NQQMKPICVVJGYQTNF VJTQWIJOQTGKPSWKUKVKXGG[GUVT[IGVVKPIKFGCUKPOQ VKQPVT[CUMKPIVJGCNNKORQTVCPVSWGUVKQPő9J[!Œ5GG YJCVJCRRGPU

(CKNWTGVQ4GEQTF+FGCU 1JDQ[VJKUKUCTGCNN[DKIQPG+ECPŏVVGNN[QWVJGPWO DGTQHVKOGU+ŏXGYQTMGFVJTQWIJUQOGJQTTKDN[EQORNGZ RTQDNGOUQNXKPIRTQEGUUYKVJCENKGPVHKPCNN[EQOGWR YKVJCUQNWVKQPVJCVYQTMUCPFVJGPJGCTFUQOGDQF[ UC[ő*G[PQYVJCV[QWOGPVKQPKVFKFPŏVYGNQQMCV 25

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

VJCVCNVGTPCVKXGCHGY[GCTUCIQ!Œ)TGCV6JGPYJ[FKF KVVCMGCETKUKUCPFCOCLQTVYQOQPVJVGCOGHHQTVVQ TGIGPGTCVGVJGKFGC!$GECWUGPQDQF[JCFTGEQTFGFKV KPCWUCDNGHQTO +TGEGPVN[CVVGPFGFCPGYRTQFWEVKFGCVKQPTGVTGCV YKVJCPGORNQ[GGITQWRHTQOCNCTIGOCVWTGEQPUWOGT RTQFWEVUEQORCP[6JGGXGPVYCURCTVQHCNQPI EQUVN[GHHQTVVQHKPFCFQ\GPEQPEGRVUYQTVJ[QHVGUV OCTMGVKPIōCIQCNVJCVTGSWKTGFIGPGTCVKPIJWPFTGFU QHKFGCU&WTKPICDTGCMQPGEQORCP[XGVGTCPVQNFOG ő#U+NKUVGPVQCNNVJGUGPGYKFGCU+MGGRJGCTKPIVJKPIU VJCVYGŏXGCNTGCF[EQPUKFGTGFCVQPGVKOGQTCPQVJGT 9GŏXGJCFUQOCP[RGQRNGYQTMKPIQPRTQFWEV FGXGNQROGPVHQTUQOCP[FGECFGUVJCVVJGTGCEVWCNN[ CTGPQPGYKFGCUŒ+VQQMVJCVCUCRGTUQPCNEJCNNGPIGQH EQWTUGCPFOCFGUWTGVJGHKPCNTGRQTVKPENWFGFRNGPV[ QHUWTRTKUGUHQTJKO$WV+CNUQHGNVCRCPIQHTGITGV 7PFQWDVGFN[VJQWUCPFUQHIQQFKFGCUJCFDGGP FGXGNQRGFQXGTVJGEQWTUGQHVJCVEQORCP[ŏUJKUVQT[ UQOGIQKPIQPVQHQTOCNVGUVKPIUQOGKPVTQFWEGFVQ VJGOCTMGVDWVOQUVōRTQDCDN[OQTGVJCPRGTEGPVō UKORN[HQTIQVVGP 5QYJCV!/C[DGVJG[YGTGPŏVIQQFKFGCU$WVKPVJG YQTNFQHETGCVKXKV[VJGTGŏUPQUWEJVJKPICUCDCFKFGC +FGCUCTGNKMGDWKNFKPIDNQEMUVJGOQTGCPFXCTKGF[QWT DNQEMUVJGOQTGVJKPIU[QWECPOCMGCPF[QWFQPŏV VQUUQWVVJGDNQEMU[QWJCXGPŏVWUGFVQFC[ō[QWPGXGT 26

2. Uncreative Habits

❂

MPQYYJCV[QWŏNNYCPVQTPGGFVQDWKNFVQOQTTQY6JKU EQORCP[ NKMGOCP[QVJGTUJCUYCUVGFKVUOQUVXCNW CDNGCUUGVD[VJTQYKPIQWVVJGőWPWUGFDNQEMUŒ+HUQOG QPGJCFQPN[MGRVCUKORNGKPFGZECTFHKNGQHGCEJCPF GXGT[KFGCQXGTVJG[GCTUVJGKFGCVKQPUGUUKQPUYQWNF JCXGDGGPOQTGGHHKEKGPVCPFOC[DGOQTGRTQFWEVKXG +H[QWMGGRCTGEQTFQH[QWTKFGCUVJGPYJGP[QWPGGF PGYKFGCU[QWECPUVCTVD[TGGZCOKPKPIVJGQNFQPGU 5QOGVJCVUGGOGFETC\[CFGECFGCIQOKIJVPQYDG XKCDNG1VJGTUOKIJVCNYC[UDGETC\[DWVUGTXGCUVJG URCTM[QWPGGFVQEQOGWRYKVJOQTGXCNWCDNG EQPEGRVU 6JKUKUCPKORQTVCPVRTCEVKEGHQTVJGKPFKXKFWCNCUYGNN CUHQTVJGQTICPK\CVKQP+FQPŏVMGGRCHQTOCNLQWTPCN DGECWUG+JCXGVTQWDNGOCKPVCKPKPIKVQPCFCKN[DCUKU

[QWECPVT[VJKUCRRTQCEJVJQWIJCPFUGGKHKVYQTMU HQT[QW+HKPFKVOWEJUKORNGTVQMGGRCPKPHQTOCNNQI QTHKNGQHKFGCU;QWECPFQUQKPCPWODGTQHYC[U Ŗ 4GEQTFVJGKFGCUKPCPQVGDQQMQTLQWTPCNQPUJGGVU QTUETCRUQHRCRGT LWUVNCDGNCHQNFGTő+FGCUŒCPF VJGUETCRUYKNNVGPFVQHKPFVJGKTYC[KPVQKVKPVJG OCTIKPUQHVJGDQQMUCPFTGRQTVU[QWTGCFQTKP GNGEVTQPKEHKNGU JQYCDQWVCPKFGCFCVCDCUG! Ŗ 7UGRQEMGVOGUUCIGTGEQTFGTUNQIKFGCUQPVJGUG JCPF[CWFKQFGXKEGUHQTTGEQTFKPIőVQFQŒKVGOU VJGPYTKVGFQYPVJGKFGCUNCVGT 27

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

Ŗ .GCXG[QWTUGNHXQKEGOCKN+QHVGPECNNO[QHHKEG CVPKIJVCPFNGCXGKFGCOGUUCIGUUQ+FQPŏVJCXG VQYQTT[CDQWVHQTIGVVKPIVJGOQXGTPKIJV Ŗ 7UG'OCKN;QWECPETGCVGCPKFGCCFFTGUUCPF UGPF[QWTUGNHKFGCUōCUYGNNCUUEQQVQVJGTUŏKFGC QTKGPVGF'OCKNKPVQVJCVHKNG2GTKQFKECNN[[QWECP OQXGVJGKFGCUKPVQNQPIVGTOUVQTCIGGKVJGTQP FKUMQTQPRTKPVQWVUQH[QWTKFGCHKNG 1HEQWTUG[QWECPEQOGWRYKVJ[QWTQYPCRRTQCEJ VQECRVWTKPIKFGCUōUQOGVJKPIPGYCPFETGCVKXG6JG RQKPVKUEQWPVNGUUKFGCUQEEWTVQ[QWGCEJOQPVJDWVC JKIJRGTEGPVCIGQHVJGOCTGNQUV+H[QWLWUVFQWDNGVJG PWODGT[QWUCXG[QWTTCYOCVGTKCNHQTCP[VJKPMKPILQD YKNNDGGPTKEJGFD[RGTEGPV #PFFQPŏVYQTT[CDQWV HQTOCNN[QTICPK\KPI[QWTKFGCFCVCDCUG4CPFQOUGNGE VKQPUHTQOKVCTGQHVGPVJGOQUVKPURKTKPI

(CKNWTGVQ4GXKUKV+FGCU 9JGVJGT[QWMGGRCHQTOCNTGEQTFQHKFGCUQTPQV[QW NGCXGDGJKPFKPVJGYCMGQH[QWTFCKN[YQTMOCP[ KFGCUCPFCUUWORVKQPU#UVJGRCVJKUTCTGN[UVTCKIJV [QWQHVGPTGETQUU[QWTYCMG$WVFQ[QWPQVKEGYJCVŏU VJGTGQT JGCXGPHQTDKFNGCTPHTQOKV!6JCVŏUOWEJ GCUKGTUCKFVJCPFQPG 1PGYC[VQTGXKUKVQNFKFGCUKUVQUEJGFWNG[QWTUGNHC NKVVNGVKOGHQTTCODNKPIVJTQWIJVJGFGDTKUQHRCUVRTQ 28

2. Uncreative Habits

❂

LGEVU'XGT[OQPVJQTVYQIKXG[QWTUGNHCPJQWTVQFKI QWVQNFTGRQTVURGGMKPVQQNFYQTMKPIHKNGUCPFNGCH VJTQWIJQNFCRRQKPVOGPVDQQMUōYJCVGXGTKUPGEGUUCT[ VQTGUWTHCEGQNFKFGCUCPFDTKPIKPVQHQEWUVJGEQPVGZVQH RTKQTFGEKUKQPU 9JGPTGXKUKVKPIKFGCU[QWYCPVVQFQVYQVJKPIU  

)KXGQNFKFGCUCUGEQPFEJCPEG /CMG[QWTUGNHOQTGCYCTGQHQNFCUUWORVKQPU

+MPQYKVOC[UQWPFEQPHWUKPIVQFKXKFGTGXKUKVKPIKPVQ VYQUGRCTCVGCTGCUōKFGCUCPFCUUWORVKQPU$WVVJGUG CTGCUJCXGCFKUVKPEVTGNCVKQPUJKRVQGCEJQVJGTHQTYG ECPVJKPMQHKFGCUCUVJGQRRQUKVGUQHCUUWORVKQPU 9JCVFQ+OGCP!.GVOGGZRNCKP +FGCUTGRTGUGPVCEVKXKV[VQIGPGTCVGVJGOYGJCXGVQ HQEWUCVVGPVKQPQPUQOGVJKPIVJKPMJCTFCDQWVKVIGV VJGOGPVCNIGCTUKPOQVKQP#UUWORVKQPUQPVJGQVJGT JCPFTGRTGUGPVRCUUKXKV[YGFQPŏVTGCNN[IGPGTCVGCU UWORVKQPUUQOWEJCUHCNN QTGCUGKPVQVJGOEJQQUKPI PQVVQVJKPMYJGVJGTYGŏTGEQPUEKQWUQHOCMKPIVJCV EJQKEGQTPQV5QGKVJGTYGVJKPMJCTFCDQWVUQOGVJKPI EQOKPIWRYKVJKFGCUCPFKPUKIJVUQTYGFQPŏVōCPF YJGPYGFQPŏVYGŏXGGPVGTGFVJGCTGCQHCUUWORVKQPU 9JGPTGXKUKVKPI[QWQHVGPHKPFVJCVCUUWORVKQPUCTG OQTGUVTKMKPIVJCPKFGCU;QWOC[UGGRNCEGUYJGTG 29

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

QRRQTVWPKVKGUHQTKORTQXGOGPVJCXGDGGPQFFN[QXGT NQQMGFQTWPFGTFGXGNQRGFYJGTGVJGXCNKFKV[QTTGNK CDKNKV[QHUQOGVJKPIōCRTQEGUUUVGRCRNCPPKPIVQQNC XGPFQTŏURTCEVKEGUōKUOQTGVTWUVGFVJCPRTQXGFYJGTG IQQFJCTFSWGUVKQPUJCXGDGGPTCKUGFQPGFC[QPN[VQ DGFKUTGICTFGFCPFUJGNXGFVJGPGZVYJGTGKPFKXKFWCNU JCXGUKORN[ōCPFFCPIGTQWUN[ōDCUGFFGEKUKQPUQP UWRRQUKVKQPU#PFKH[QWUETWVKPK\GVJGUGRNCEGU[QWŏNN PQVKEGJQYCUUWORVKQPUVGPFVQDWKNFCőEQOHQTV\QPGŒ CTQWPFWUJQYVJG[IKXGWURGTOKUUKQPVQMGGRCXQKF KPIVJQWIJVCPFETGCVKXGCNVGTPCVKXGUVQVJGUVCVWUSWQ /QUVQTICPK\CVKQPUJCXGRQYGTHWNUQEKCNOGEJCPKUOU YQTMKPICICKPUVTGXKUKVKPI'ZGEWVKXGUFQPŏVYCPVVJGKT RCUVFGEKUKQPUSWGUVKQPGF6GCONGCFGTUCPFUWRGTXKUQTU FQPŏVYCPVVQRWVDCEMQPVJGCIGPFCCPKVGOVJG[OCP CIGFVQIGVQHHKVNCUVOQPVJ#PFGORNQ[GGUKPGXKVCDN[ TGUKUVVJGHGGNKPIQHDCEMYCTFOQVKQPVJCVCTGGZCO KPCVKQPQHKFGCUDTKPIUYKVJKV#FFVQVJCVVJGFCPIGTQH UQOGQPGWUKPITGXKUKVKPICUCPGZEWUGHQTRNC[KPIVJG őDNCOGICOGŒCPF[QWOC[HKPFVJCVTGXKUKVKPIECWUGUC NGXGNQHCPZKGV[VJCVJKPFGTURTQFWEVKXKV[ +PUWEJCECUG[QWJCXGVQUGNNVJGKFGCQHTGXKUKVKPI HTQOVJGVQRFQYPDGHQTGKVECPDGRTCEVKEGFUWEEGUU HWNN[őKPVJGTCPMUŒQHCPQTICPK\CVKQP6JCVŏUCNGPIVJ[ RTQEGUUCUKUCP[VJCVTGSWKTGUCEJCPIGQHJCDKVD[VQR OCPCIGTU$WVKPVJGOGCPVKOG[QWECPEGTVCKPN[DGIKP 30

2. Uncreative Habits

❂

VQRTCEVKEGTGXKUKVCVKQPQP[QWTQYP.KMGQVJGTETGCVK XKV[RTCEVKEGUVJKUECPDGFQPGCNQPGQTKPITQWRU#PF KHGPQWIJRGQRNGDGEQOGőENQUGVETGCVQTUŒKPCEQORCP[ VJGPQTICPK\CVKQPCNEJCPIGKUUWTGVQHQNNQY

(CKNWTGVQ'ZRTGUU+FGCU +H[QWJCXGCPKFGCōCP[KFGCō[QWUJQWNFGZRTGUUKV TKIJVCYC[6GNNKVVQ[QWTUGNHKH[QWCTGCNQPGVGNNKVVQ QVJGTUKH[QWCTGKPCITQWR 6JCVUQWPFUNKMGCUKORNGGXGPQDXKQWURTKPEKRNGDWVKV KUTCTGN[HQNNQYGF/QUVKFGCUCTGőPKRRGFKPVJGDWFŒ D[QWTCWVQOCVKEUGNHEGPUQTUJKR9GPGXGTIKXGVJGO GPQWIJVJQWIJVVQHKIWTGQWVKHVJG[ŏTGYQTVJYJKNGPQT FQYGUJCTGVJGOYKVJQVJGTU5VTC[KFGCUCTGVTGCVGF NKMGYGGFUōOKPQTKTTKVCPVUVQDGWRTQQVGFCUSWKEMN[CU RQUUKDNG#PQTFGTN[OKPFJCUHGYYGGFU+PHCEVKVJCU NKVVNGKPKVCVCNN#PQTFGTN[OKPFKUPQVETGCVKXG+H[QW YCPVETGCVKXKV[[QWOWUVCVVGPFVQVJQUGYGGFUCPF VTGCVGCEJQPGCUCRQVGPVKCNN[XCNWCDNGPGYETQR 6JGYGGFCPCNQI[JCUCPGURGEKCNN[TKEJOGCPKPIHQT OG+VDTKPIUVQOKPFJQYO[FCWIJVGTYJGPUJGYCU HQWTYQWNFITKNNOGYKVJSWGUVKQPUCUUJGJGNRGFOG VGPFQWTICTFGP5JGLWUVEQWNFPŏVHKIWTGQWVYJCV YGGFUYGTGCPFYJ[VJG[UJQWNFDGRWNNGFQWVő+U VJKUCYGGF!ŒUJGŏFCUMő9JCVCDQWVVJKU!9J[KUVJKU CYGGFDWVPQVVJCV!Œ#PFUQQPTGNGPVNGUUN[(KPCNN[+ 31

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

JCFVQCFOKVCPGUUGPVKCNVTWVJCDQWVVJGőYGGFUŒECVG IQT[KVJCUPQDQVCPKECNUKIPKHKECPEGōVJGTGKUPQUWEJ VJKPICUCYGGFHTQOCUEKGPVKHKERGTURGEVKXG#YGGFKU TGCNN[LWUVCRNCPV[QWFQPŏVYCPVITQYKPIKPCRCTVKEWNCT RNCEG6JGXGIGVCDNGICTFGPŏUYGGFOC[DGVJG YKNFHNQYGTICTFGPŏUURGEKCNV[0QYQPFGTO[FCWIJVGT HQWPFVJGECVGIQT[GPFNGUUN[RW\\NKPI 6JGUCOGKUVTWGQHKFGCU9GFKUOKUUOCP[CUYGGFUQP VJGCUUWORVKQPVJCVVJG[ŏTGPQVYQTVJITQYKPIKPQWT OGPVCNICTFGP$WVKPFQKPIVJCVYGOKUUOCP[RQVGP VKCNN[WUGHWNVJQWIJVU5QOGOGPVCNICTFGPU[KGNFPQ ETQRQHNCUVKPIXCNWGGZEGRVVJGYGGFUōKHVJGQYPGTU JCFVJGHQTGUKIJVVQCVVGPFVQVJGO#PFQPGXGT[IQQF YC[VQCVVGPFVQVJGOKUD[GZRTGUUKPIVJGO 9TKVGFQYPVJGUVTC[VJQWIJVVJGőYGGFKFGCŒ5C[KV )GVKVQWVQH[QWTJGCFCPFKPVQVJGTGCNOQHEQOOW PKECVKQP6JCVIKXGU[QWVJGQRRQTVWPKV[VQEQPUKFGTKV OQTGECTGHWNN[CPFHWNN[ōOC[DGVQHKPFCRTCEVKECNWUG HQTKVCUYGNN#PFKVIKXGUVJGVJQWIJVCEJCPEGVQITQY CPFFGXGNQRRQUUKDN[KPVQOQTGCPFXCNWCDNGKFGCU +H[QWIGVKPVJGJCDKVQHGZRTGUUKPI[QWTYGGFKFGCU [QWŏNNDGUWTRTKUGFJQYGCUKN[VJG[UGGFQVJGTRGQRNGŏU KOCIKPCVKQPU+VLWUVVCMGUQPGRGTUQPVQIGVGXGT[QPGKP CPQHHKEGVJKPMKPIRGTJCRUDGECWUGVJG[HKIWTGQWVVJCV VJGRGTUQPKUJCXKPIOQTGHWPVJCPVJG[CTGCPFVJCV 32

2. Uncreative Habits

❂

✎E

XERCISE:

Generating and Capturing Ideas

1. Get a pencil and some paper, and sit down someplace comfortable. Set a time limit for yourself, at least five minutes. 2. Start writing a running monologue of your thoughts. Any thoughts. The goal is quantity, not quality. Keep writing until your time is up. 3. Calculate the number of ideas generated per minute. First, add up all the ideas you wrote; each change in topic or new angle on a topic represents one idea. Second, divide the sum by the number of minutes you took to write the ideas. 4. Record the calculation in your appointment book (where you won’t lose it), and shred, rip up, or otherwise destroy the paper on which you wrote the ideas. VJG[ECPGCUKN[LQKPVJGICOGD[RC[KPIOQTGCVVGPVKQP VQVJGKTQYPKFGCU +H[QWHKPFKVFKHHKEWNVVQőJGCTŒCPFGZRTGUU[QWTYGGF KFGCUVT[VJGGZGTEKUGCDQXG;QWTIQCNKUVQIGPGTCVGCU OCP[KFGCUCURQUUKDNGCPFVQECRVWTGVJGOKPYTKVKPI $[FQKPIVJKUGZGTEKUGTGIWNCTN[VT[KPIVQKPETGCUG[QWT KFGCEQWPVGCEJVKOG[QWŏNNICKPETGCVKXGUVTGPIVJ

33

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

+VŏUKORQTVCPVVJCV[QWEQORNGVGGXGT[UVGRGCEJVKOG [QWTGRGCVVJGGZGTEKUG#YQTFCDQWVVYQQHVJGUVGRU Ŗ &GUVTQ[KPI[QWTYQTM6JKUOC[UGGOCPQFFKP UVTWEVKQPRCTVKEWNCTN[KPNKIJVQHO[FKUEWUUKQP CDQWVVJGKORQTVCPEGQHUCXKPIKFGCU$WVJGTG YGŏTGHQEWUKPIQPVJGTCPFQOYQTMKPIUQHVJG OKPFōVJGWNVKOCVGUQWTEGQHTCYKFGCU6JG[ EQWNFGODCTTCUU[QWQTUGVQHHCEJCKPQHOKUWPFGT UVCPFKPIUUJQWNFCDQUUQTCURQWUGEQOGCETQUU VJGO6JG[ŏTGKPVGPFGFHQT[QWTG[GUQPN[UQFQPŏV NGCXGVJGOCTQWPFYJGTGQVJGTUOKIJVUGGVJGO #NUQ[QWYQPŏVDGPGHKVHTQOVJGGZGTEKUGKH[QW NGV[QWTUGNHDGEQOGCVVCEJGFVQYJCV[QWYTKVG +VŏUPQVCTV;QWTGIQKUPŏVQPVJGNKPG;QWŏTGLWUV RWORKPIKQPU[QWQPN[FQKVHQTVJGOGPVCN GZGTEKUG;QWFQPŏVUCXGVJGUYGCVHTQOCRJ[UKECN YQTMQWVCPF[QWFQPŏVUCXG[QWTPQVGUHTQOC OGPVCNYQTMQWV Ŗ %QWPVKPICPFTGEQTFKPIVJGPWODGTQHKFGCU[QW IGPGTCVGF6JKUKUKORQTVCPVHQTQPGTGCUQP6JCV EQWPVJCUCHCPE[PCOGōKVŏUECNNGFőKFGCFGPUKV[Œ 6JGJKIJGTVJGEQWPVVJGFGPUGT[QWTKFGCUōCPF VJGENQUGT[QWEQOGVQVJGQXGTCNNIQCNQHICKPKPI ETGCVKXGUVTGPIVJ.QIIKPIVJGEQWPVGCEJVKOG[QW FQVJGGZGTEKUGIKXGU[QWCUIQQFCTGEQTFQH[QWT RTQITGUUCUCYGKIJVEJCTVFQGUKH[QWCTGQPFKGV 9JGP[QWŏXGFQWDNGF[QWTKFGCFGPUKV[[QWŏXG NKMGN[IQVVGPCUOWEJCU[QWECPHTQOVJGGZGTEKUG 34

2. Uncreative Habits

❂

(CKNWTGVQ6JKPMKP0GY9C[U ;QWFQPŏVIGVQWVQHVJGDQZD[FQKPIYJCV[QWŏXGCN YC[UFQPG+H[QWWUWCNN[UKVFQYPCPFYTKVGCNKUVQH RTQUCPFEQPUDGHQTGCFQRVKPICPCNVGTPCVKXGVJGP[QW JCXGVQVT[CPGYVJKPMKPIUVTCVGI[VQEQOGWRYKVJ CP[VJKPIETGCVKXG,GVVKUQPVJCVRTQEQPCPCN[UKUCU SWKEMN[CURQUUKDNG$WVKH[QWPGXGTWUGCRTQEQP CPCN[UKUVJGPD[CNNOGCPUIKXGKVCVT[+KPENWFGC XCTKGV[QHUVTWEVWTGFETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIRTQEGUUGUNCVGT KPVJKUDQQMDWVKPVTWVJCNOQUVCP[CRRTQCEJYKNN RTQFWEGKPETGCUGFETGCVKXKV[ōUQNQPICUKVŏUFKHHGTGPV 8KUWCNVJKPMKPIKUWUWCNN[CIQQFEJQKEGCUOQUVRGQRNG KPDWUKPGUUFQPŏVVCEMNGCETGCVKXGVCUMXKUWCNN[5QKH[QW ECPŏVVJKPMQHCP[QVJGTYC[VQXCT[[QWTVJKPMKPIVT[ VJKUCRRTQCEJ&TCYCFKCITCOQTRKEVWTGQHVJGRTQDNGO [QWŏTGYQTMKPIQP1TVJKPMWRXKUWCNCPCNQIKGUD[ CUMKPI[QWTUGNHVQPCOGVGPVJKPIUVJGRTQDNGONQQMU NKMG6JGPUGGMYC[UQHIGPGTCVKPIHTGUJRGTURGEVKXGU D[CPCN[\KPIVJGUGKOCIGU HQTGZCORNGYJ[FQGUVJG RTQDNGONQQMNKMGVJCVVJKPI! 6JGRQKPVKUVJCVUWEJVJQWIJVRCVVGTPUCTGPQXGNCPFUQ DTKPI[QWSWKEMN[QPVQWPHCOKNKCTVGTTKVQT[#PFVJG[ FTCYOWEJQHVJGKTRQYGTHTQOVJGKTPQXGNV[5QDGETG CVKXGCDQWVJQY[QWVJKPMCDQWVETGCVKXKV[ JOOFKF [QWHQNNQYVJCVQPG!6T[PGYCPFFKHHGTGPVUVTCVGIKGU CPFGPEQWTCIGQVJGTUVQFQUQCUYGNN 35

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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ōCPFGXGT[QPGKUHQTEGF VQCTVKEWNCVGVJGKTOGPVCNUVTCVGIKGUYJKEJJGNRUOCMG VJGOOQTGEQPUEKQWUQHJQYVJG[VJKPMCPFVJWUDGVVGT CDNGVQVCMGEQPVTQNQHVJGKTVJQWIJVRTQEGUUGU

(CKNWTGVQ9KUJHQT/QTG +H[QWŏTGEQPVGPVYKVJVJGEWTTGPVUVCVGQHVJKPIU[QW YQPŏVHGGNVJCVETGCVKXGKVEJ%TGCVKXKV[KUPWTVWTGFD[ QRVKOKUVKEURGEWNCVKQPő9QPFGTKHYGEQWNFUQNXGVJCV RTQDNGOŒő9KUJVJGTGYCUUQOGYC[VQFQVJCVŒ#PF UQVJGHCKNWTGVQYKUJHQTOQTGōHQTVJGEWTTGPVN[WPCV VCKPCDNGōKUCEQOOQPYC[VQOGUUWRETGCVKXKV[ +PXGPVQTUKVUGGOUVQOGCTGNKMGQTFKPCT[RGQRNGKPCNN TGURGEVUDWVQPGVJG[CNYC[UYKUJVJGTGYGTGCDGVVGT YC[9JGPVJG[VKGVJGKTUJQGUVJG[YKUJVJG[FKFPŏV JCXGVQVKGVJGO#PFUQVJG[VJKPMQHWUKPIDWEMNGU 36

2. Uncreative Habits

❂

UPCRUGNCUVKEQT8GNETQ9JGPVJG[EQQMFKPPGTVJG[ YKUJVJGTGYGTGUQOGYC[VQCXQKFUETWDDKPIVJGUCWEG RCPUCPFUQVJG[FGXGNQR6GHNQPEQCVGFRCPU9JGP VJG[TGVWTPVQVJGQHHKEGCPFNKUVGPVQVJGKTXQKEGOCKN VJG[YKUJVJGTGYGTGUQOGYC[VJG[EQWNFCXQKFOKUU KPIKORQTVCPVOGUUCIGU#PFUQVJG[FGXGNQRRCIGTU #NNUWEJKPPQXCVKQPUCTKUGHTQOVJGYKUJVQKORTQXG WRQPVJGUVCVWUSWQ ;GVKVKUHCTVQQGCU[HQTWUCUGORNQ[GGUVQHCNNKPVQVJG FGCFGPKPITQWVKPGUQHQWTDWU[YQTMNKXGUCPFVQUNQYN[ NQUGVJCVMPCEMQHYKUJHWNVJKPMKPI+VUGGOUVJCVNKHGKU NKXGFCVVQQHCUVCRCEGHQTCP[UWEJJCDKVUVQRGTUKUV WPNGUUYGTGEQIPK\GVJGKTXCNWGCPFOCMGCURGEKCN RTCEVKEGQHVJGO#PFOQUVQHWUFQPŏVUVQRVQVJKPM VJCVYKUJHWNVJKPMKPIKUKPHCEVCXGT[XCNWCDNGVJKPI

(CKNWTGVQ6T[$GKPI%TGCVKXG +CNUQGPEQWPVGTCITGCVOCP[RGQRNGYJQHGGNVJG[ŏTG PQVETGCVKXGCPFVJGTGHQTGFQPŏVVT[VQDG9GNNKVŏUVJKU UKORNG[QWŏTGETGCVKXGKH[QWGPICIGKPETGCVKXGVJKPM KPICPF[QWCTGPŏVKH[QWFQPŏV5QHCKNWTGVQVT[KUVJG SWKEMGUVYC[VQFGTCKN[QWTETGCVKXKV[(QTVWPCVGN[C NKVVNGGHHQTVKUVJGGCUKGUVYC[VQIGVKVDCEMQPVTCEM +FQPŏVVJKPM+PGGFVQDGNCDQTVJKURQKPV#P[QPGYJQŏU IQVVGPVJKUHCTKPVJGDQQMKUENGCTN[YKNNKPIVQOCMGC EQOOKVOGPVVQETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI,WUVTGOGODGTKVKU 37

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

HCTOQTGKORQTVCPVVQFQKVVJCPVQTGCFCDQWVKV+YQPŏV DGKPUWNVGFKH[QWVQUUVJKUDQQMCUKFGCPFITCDCRGP CPFCDNCPMUJGGVQHRCRGT6JGUQQPGT[QWUVCTVIGPGT CVKPIUQOGETGCVKXGKFGCUVJGDGVVGT

(CKNWTGVQ-GGR6T[KPI 9JCVDCEMYKVJOGUQUQQP!&KF[QWCNTGCF[HKNNWR VJCVUJGGVQHRCRGTYKVJDTKNNKCPVKFGCU!2TQDCDN[PQV 0QVJKPIRGTUQPCNKVŏULWUVVJCVOQUVQHWUFQPŏVIGPGTCVG DTKNNKCPVőDTGCMVJTQWIJŒKFGCUYJGPYGHKTUVUKVFQYPVQ FQETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI+PHCEVKVŏUGCU[VQIGPGTCVGFQ\GPU QHKFGCUCPFHKPFVJCVCNNCTGVJTQYCYC[U 9JKNGKVKUGCU[VQUVKOWNCVGETGCVKXGVJQWIJVKP[QWTUGNH CPFQVJGTUVJGTGKUCDUQNWVGN[PQIWCTCPVGGVJCVKVYKNN DGRTQFWEVKXGKPCP[RTCEVKECNUGPUG+VQHVGPKUPŏVCV NGCUVPQVCVHKTUV#PFUQYGVGPFVQCDCPFQPETGCVKXG NKPGUQHVJQWIJVRTGOCVWTGN[FKUEQWTCIGFD[VJGKTNCEM QHHTWKVHWNPGUU$WVVJCVKUCDKIOKUVCMGōCPQVJGTYC[ KPYJKEJYGCNNOGUUWRETGCVKXKV[HTQOVKOGVQVKOG +HKPFKPO[ENKGPVYQTMVJCVPQITQWRECPTGNKCDN[RTQ FWEGXCNWCDNGRTQHKVCDNGEQPEGRVUWPNGUUVJG[IGPGTCVG KFGCUKPVJGJWPFTGFU#PFKPO[RGTUQPCNNKHG+ŏOQHVGP UVCTVNGFD[VJGPWODGTQHVKOGU+JCXGVQTGXKUKVCVQRKE DGHQTGJKVVKPIQPVJCVDTGCMVJTQWIJKFGC+PGGF %TGCVKXKV[UQOGVKOGUTGSWKTGUCITGCVFGCNQHJGCVVQ RTQFWEGCP[NKIJV 38

2. Uncreative Habits

❂

+H[QWMPQYVJKUDGHQTG[QWUVCTV[QWYQPŏVDGFKUEQWT CIGFD[KPKVKCNHCKNWTG;QWŏNNJCXGHCKVJKPVJGETGCVKXG RTQEGUUCPFMGGRYQTMKPICVETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIWPVKN [QWIGVUQOGVJKPIWUGHWNHQT[QWTVTQWDNG+VOKIJV VCMGCOKPWVGQTCJWPFTGFJQWTUVQCEJKGXGVJGMKPFQH DTGCMVJTQWIJ[QWPGGFōDWVGKVJGTYC[[QWECPFQKV +HGGNNKMG+ŏOIKXKPICRGRVCNMJGTGCPF+IWGUU+CO DWV+ŏXGUGGPVJGU[PFTQOGVQQOCP[VKOGU2GQRNGVJKPM VJG[ŏTGőUVWEMŒYJGPVJG[ŏXGKPXGUVGFQPN[CHGYOKP WVGUQHVJQWIJVKPCRTQDNGO#PFQTICPK\CVKQPUQHVGP CEEGRVVJGCNVGTPCVKXGUQPVJGVCDNGCHVGTKPXGUVKPIQPN[ CHGYOGGVKPIUQTYQTMUGUUKQPUKPVJGO;GVVJKUKUVJG GCUKGUVOKUVCMGVQCXQKF#NN[QWJCXGVQFQKUVT[ FQWDNKPIQTVTKRNKPI[QWTVJKPMKPIVKOGCPFUGGYJCV JCRRGPU+H[QWIGVIQQFTGUWNVUVJGPKPETGCUG[QWT VJKPMKPIVKOGCICKPVJGTGUWNVUYKNNIGVGXGPDGVVGT 6JGOQTGHCOKNKCT[QWDGEQOGYKVJVJGRTQEGUUQHETGC VKXGVJKPMKPIVJGDGVVGT[QWŏNNIGVCVGUVKOCVKPIVJGVKOG TGSWKTGFVQEQORNGVGURGEKHKEőVJKPMKPIVCUMUŒ;QWŏNN JCXGOQTGTGCNKUVKEGZRGEVCVKQPUCPFUQDGNGUUCRVVQ CDCPFQPUWEJVCUMURTGOCVWTGN[6QUVCTV[QWQHHYKVJC IWKFGNKPG+UWIIGUVDWFIGVKPICVNGCUVHKXGJQWTUHQTC OCLQTVJKPMKPIVCUM ;QWOWUVCNUQYKVJCP[VJKPMKPIVCUMIKXG[QWTUGNH VKOGHQTKPEWDCVKQPVJGKFGCFGXGNQROGPVVJCVQEEWTU 39

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

YJGP[QWőUKVQPCRTQDNGOŒHQTCYJKNG+PEWDCVKQPKU CPKORQTVCPVPQVVQOGPVKQPCOC\KPIRCTVQHETGCVKXG VJKPMKPIHQTKPTGNCZKPI[QWTHQEWUQPCRTQDNGO[QW ETGCVGVJGEQPFKVKQPUPGGFGFHQTHTGUJRGTURGEVKXGUQP VJGRTQDNGOVQFGXGNQR 6JGUGETGVVQKPEWDCVKPIKFGCUKUOCMKPIUWTGVQTGXKUKV VJGRTQDNGOōCPFQHVGP;QWJCXGVQMGGRYQTMKPICV KVTGPGYKPI[QWTHQEWUCPFTGKPVGPUKH[KPI[QWTGHHQTVU YKVJGCEJTGVWTPXKUKV6JKUKUXKVCNDGECWUGYJGP[QWNGV VJGRTQDNGOHCNNQWVQHHQEWU[QWOWUVPQVNQUGVQWEJ YKVJKVō[QWUJQWNFCNYC[UJCXGCNQYNGXGNCYCTGQH KVDGCDNGVQőHGGNŒKVURTGUGPEGKP[QWTOKPF#PFVJCV QPN[JCRRGPUKH[QWRWVUKIPKHKECPVOGPVCNGPGTI[KPVQ VJGRTQDNGODGHQTGJCPFōKH[QWMGGRVT[KPIVQUQNXGKV KH[QWTGXKUKVCPFTGXKUKVCICKP,WUVVQ[KPIYKVJCRTQD NGOKUCUWRGTHKEKCNCEVKXKV[PQVJKPIUKPMUKPVQ[QWT OKPFUQYJGP[QWUGVVJGRTQDNGOCUKFGVJGTGŏU PQVJKPIVQKPEWDCVG +PETGCVKXKV[GHHQTVEQWPVU6JQOCU'FKUQPJCFCTGCUQP HQTUC[KPIő)GPKWUKURGTEGPVKPURKTCVKQPCPFRGT EGPVRGTURKTCVKQPŒCUCPKPXGPVQTJGMPGYKVYCUVJG RNCKPVTWVJ5QDTGCMVJGDCFJCDKVQHVJKPMKPIVJGTGCTG UJQTVEWVUVQDTGCMVJTQWIJKFGCU-GGRVT[KPIWPVKN[QW HKPCNN[CEJKGXGVJCVő#JCŒGZRGTKGPEG[QWŏXGDGGP YCKVKPIHQT 40

2. Uncreative Habits

❂

(CKNWTGVQ6QNGTCVG%TGCVKXG$GJCXKQT %TGCVKXGRGQRNGCTGCDKVYGKTF;GUKVŏUVTWG#PF+ UC[VJKUGXGPVJQWIJ+FQPŏVDGNKGXGKPVJGO[VJQHVJG ETGCVKXGRGTUQPVJCVKU+FQPŏVDGNKGXGUQOGQHWUCTG ETGCVKXGCPFVJGTGUVCTGPŏV9JCV+ŏXGHQWPFKUVJCV YJGPRGQRNGCTGDGKPIETGCVKXGVJGKTDGJCXKQTUGGOU CDKVYGKTFVQQVJGTU#PFUQVQNGTCPEGQHETGCVKXGDGJC XKQTō[QWTUCPFQVJGTUōKUCOWUVKH[QWYCPVVQRTQHKV HTQOETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI +JCRRGPVQNKXGPGZVFQQTVQCPQVJGTDWUKPGUUCWVJQT 'NNKQVV%CTNKUNGYJQHKTUVIQVOGVJKPMKPICDQWVVJKU RTQDNGOQHVQNGTCPEG*GGZRTGUUGUVJGRTQDNGOYGNN KPVJGHQNNQYKPIRCUUCIGHTQOJKUDQQM/CE =+?VŏUCNOQUVKORQUUKDNGVQIGVCP[TGCNVJKPMKPI FQPGCVYQTM0QVLWUVDGECWUGQHKPVGTTWRVKQPUDWV CNOQUVOQTGKORQTVCPVN[VJGYJQNGRU[EJQNQIKECN CPFRJ[UKECNGPXKTQPOGPVKPYJKEJOCPCIGTUYQTM VGPFUVQFKUEQWTCIGEQPVGORNCVKQPCPFGPEQWTCIG CEVKXKV[6JGJKIJGTVJGNGXGNKPCPQTICPK\CVKQPVJG OQTGETKVKECNKUVJGTQNGQHTGHNGEVKQPCPFVJGNGUU KORQTVCPVVJCVQHCEVKXKV[DWVUQQHVGPYGŏXG DGEQOGEQPFKVKQPGFQPVJGYC[WRVJTQWIJVJG QTICPK\CVKQPCNTCPMU*QYOCP[DQUUGUYQWNFIKXG CYQTFQHGPEQWTCIGOGPVVQCUWDQTFKPCVGKHVJG[ YGTGVQEQOGWRQPJKOUKVVKPICVJKUFGUMEJCKT VKRRGFDCEMHQQVTGUVKPIQPCPQRGPFTCYGTCPF UVCTKPIKPVQURCEGYKVJCPCDUVTCEVGZRTGUUKQPQPJKU 41

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

HCEG!6JG[ŏFDGHCTOQTGNKMGN[VQCUMJKOYJCV VJGJGNNJGŏUFQKPICPFKHVJGWPHQTVWPCVGTGRNKGF ő6JKPMKPIŒJGŏFRTQDCDN[DGCFXKUGFVQUVQR VJKPMKPICPFIGVDCEMVQYQTM R ;GUOQUVUWRGTXKUQTUEQOOWPKECVGVJGő5VQRVJKPMKPI CPFIGVDCEMVQYQTMŒOGUUCIGKPOCP[YC[UGXGT[FC[ +H[QWCTGPŏVXKUKDN[RTQFWEKPIUQOGVJKPIVCPIKDNGVJGP [QWŏTGYCUVKPIVJGEQORCP[ŏUOQPG[$WVKFGCUD[VJGKT PCVWTGCTGKPXKUKDNGCPFKPVCPIKDNG5QYJGPCPFYJGTG ECPVJGRQQTGORNQ[GGUVJKPM! 9JGP+XKUKVQTICPK\CVKQPUVQHCEKNKVCVGETGCVKXKV[RTQ EGUUGU+UQOGVKOGUUWURGEVVJCVVJKUYKNNDGVJGQPN[ QRRQTVWPKV[OQUVQHVJGCVVGPFGGUYKNNIGVHQTHQEWUKPI HWNN[QPETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI'XGPKHO[XKUKVKUCVYQFC[ CHHCKT+ECPŏVJGNRYQPFGTKPIJQYVJGEQORCP[YKNNIGV CNQPIQPQPN[VYQFC[UQHETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIKPCPGPVKTG [GCTQHYQTM +HVJCVŏUVJGECUGōKHETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIKUTGUGTXGFHQT URGEKCNQEECUKQPUYJGP[QWDTKPIKPCőETGCVKXKV[GZRGTVŒ VQNGCFCVJKPMKPIUGUUKQPōVJGP[QWTQTICPK\CVKQPCPF KVUOCPCIGTUCTGOCMKPIVJGVQNGTCPEGGTTQT#PFVJG TGVTGCVōVJCVQHVGPWUGFVGTOHQTVJQUGQPGQTVYQFC[ DTCKPUVQTOKPIUGUUKQPUōKUCRVN[PCOGF(QTKVKUCDTKGH TGVTGCVHTQOCPKPVQNGTCPVGPXKTQPOGPVVJCVFQGUPQV TGEQIPK\GETGCVKXGVJKPMKPICUCXCNKFGORNQ[GGCEVKXKV[ #PFVJGRTGUETKRVKQPHQTCP[GPXKTQPOGPVHTQOYJKEJ 42

2. Uncreative Habits

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➠

TO RECAP:

The Nine Bad Habits

Did any of these bad habits ring a bell for you? Start working today to check them off your list of ways that you block creativity.

❑ 1. Failure to Ask Questions ❑ 2. Failure to Record Ideas ❑ 3. Failure to Revisit Ideas ❑ 4. Failure to Express Ideas ❑ 5. Failure to Think in New Ways ❑ 6. Failure to Wish for More ❑ 7. Failure to Try Being Creative ❑ 8. Failure to Keep Trying ❑ 9. Failure to Tolerate Creative Behavior 43

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

REFERENCES %CTNKUNG'NNKQVV /CE/E)TCY*KNN

44

3 UNDERSTANDING tHE CREATIVE PROCESS SOME PEOPLE LIKE FORMAL RTQEGUUOQFGNUYKVJ VJGKTPGCVCRRTQCEJVQCVCUM6JGTGCTGKPHCEV NQVUQHVJGUGOQFGNUKPVJGHKGNFQHETGCVKXKV[CPFRTQD NGOUQNXKPI+JCVGCNOQUVCNNQHVJGO9J[!$GECWUG VJG[CTGGXGT[QPGQHVJGONKPGCTRTQEGUUOQFGNU;QW HQNNQYVJGKTUVGRUKPUVTKEVQTFGTQPGCHVGTVJGQVJGTWPVKN [QWTGCEJVJGGPF#VYJKEJRQKPV[QWCTGUWRRQUGF VQJCXGRTQFWEGFCUQNWVKQPCUKHETGCVKXGKFGCUYGTG OCEJKPGUHCDTKECVGFQPCOGPVCNEQPXG[QTDGNV (QTIGVKV%TGCVKXGVJQWIJVFQGUPQVYQTMVJCVYC[ō PQVKPVJGNGCUV#NNVJGUGOQFGNUFQKUJKFGKPCPGCVN[ PWODGTGFUVGRVJGKTHCKNWTGVQGZRNCKPETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI 6CMGVJGEQOOQPOQFGNVJCVVGNNUWUVQ FGHKPGVJG RTQDNGO ICVJGTKPHQTOCVKQPCPF IGPGTCVGC UQNWVKQP5QWPFUNQIKECNTKIJV!$WVJQYFQYGIGPGTCVG VJGUQNWVKQP!'XGT[QPGIGVUUVWEMCVVJCVRQKPVDGECWUG VJGOQFGNJCUUKORN[RWVETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIKPCDNCEM DQZCPFNCDGNGFKVő5VGRŒ$WVKVŏUVJGMG[UVGR9JCV YGTGCNN[PGGFKUCRTQEGUUVJCVGPCDNGUWUVQCEEQORNKUJ VJKUUVGRDGVVGT 45

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

#PFUQO[OQFGN UGG'ZJKDKVKUSWKVGFKHHGTGPV+V KPXQNXGUHKXGDCUKEUVGRUDWVCUGZRNCKPGFKPVJGPGZV UGEVKQPVJGRTQEGUUHQTEQORNGVKPIVJGOKUPQVUVTKEVN[ NKPGCTLWUVCUETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIKUPQVUVTKEVN[NKPGCT#PF KVFQGUPQVőHTCOGŒETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIKPVJGUVKHHTCVKQPCN UVTWEVWTGQHRTQDNGOFGHKPKVKQPKPHQTOCVKQPICVJGTKPI QTEQORCTCVKXGCPCN[UKUQHQRVKQPU6JKUCTGCNYQTNF OQFGNōQPGVJCVYQTMUDGECWUGKVFGUETKDGUJQYGHHGEV KXGETGCVKXGVJKPMGTUTGCNN[FQVJGKTVJKPMKPI0QYNGVŏU VCMGCENQUGTNQQM

THE CREATIVE THINKING PROCESS MODEL 5VGR4GEQIPK\KPI2TGEKRKVCVKPI+PUKIJVU %TGCVKXGVJKPMKPIKURTGEKRKVCVGFD[VJGUGPUGQH RQUUKDKNKV[YGHGGNYJGPUQOGVJKPIKPQWTGZRGTKGPEG UVTKMGUWUCUKPUWHHKEKGPVN[EQORNGVGFSWGUVKQPGFQT GZRTGUUGF+VOC[DGCVJKPIYGŏTGSWKVGHCOKNKCTYKVJ GXGPCVCUMYGFQGXGT[FC[VJCVFQGUPŏVOCVVGT 9JCVYGRGTEGKXGUWFFGPN[VCMGUQPCDTKIJVGTNKIJVC RGPGVTCVKPIQPG9GINKORUGWPFGTN[KPIRCVVGTPUCPF EQORNGZKVKGUIGVCPKPMNKPIQHVJGWPVCRRGFRQVGPVKCN VJGTG+VŏUCUKHVJGTGŏUDGGPCRQYGTUWTIGKPVJGGNGE VTKENKPGUCPFKPCUGPUGVJCVŏUVTWGVJGTGJCUDGGPC RQYGTUWTIGōKPWU5QOGECNNKVKPURKTCVKQP+RTGHGT VQECNNKVKPUKIJVFGHKPGFKPO[/GTTKCO9GDUVGTŏUCU őVJGRQYGTQTCEVQHUGGKPIKPVQCUKVWCVKQPŒ 46

3. Understanding the Creative Process

❂

EXHIBIT 3.

Creative Thinking Process Model .'#40+0)Ŗ.'#40+0)Ŗ.'#40+0)Ŗ.'#40+0)

+05+)*6

#.6'40#6+8'5 5'.'%6+10

64#05.#6+10 .'#40+0)Ŗ.'#40+0)Ŗ.'#40+0)Ŗ.'#40+0) 47

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

2TGEKRKVCVKPIKPUKIJVUCTGJKIJN[KORQTVCPVDGECWUGVJG[ URCTMVJGETGCVKXGRTQEGUUUKIPCNKPIVJCVETGCVKXKV[KU RQUUKDNGCPFCRRTQRTKCVGKPCUKVWCVKQP6JG[IKXGWU FKTGEVKQPCPFXKUKQPōVJGJQRG CPFUQOGVKOGUGXGP VJGEQPXKEVKQPVJCVVJGTGŏUCDGVVGTYC[ōYJKEJKUYJCV YGPGGFHQTVJGLQWTPG[QHETGCVKXKV[VQDGIKP'XGPVJG UKORNGUVQHKPUKIJVUUWEJCUURQVVKPICUKOKNCTKV[ DGVYGGPVYQFKURCTCVGNQQMKPIVJKPIUECPNGCFVQ KPPQXCVKQPUCPFUQNWVKQPUVJGDGVVGTYC[VJCVYGJCF JQRGFHQT*QYGXGTCNNRTGEKRKVCVKPIKPUKIJVUOWUVDG IKXGPTGEQIPKVKQPCPFHWTVJGTVJQWIJVKHVJG[CTGVQNGCF CP[YJGTGCVCNN 7PHQTVWPCVGN[OQUVQHWUFQPŏVTGEQIPK\GUWEJKPUKIJVU 9GŏNNIGVCNKVVNGURCTMCDQWVUQOGVJKPI ő)GG+PGXGT PQVKEGFVJCVDGHQTGŒCPFVJGPFKUTGICTFKVPGINGEVKPIVQ HCPVJCVURCTMKPVQHNCOGU ő1JYGNNKVRTQDCDN[FQGUPŏV OGCPCP[VJKPIŒ#PFYGFQNKVVNGVQGPEQWTCIGKPUKIJVU YJGPCNNKVVCMGUKUMGGRKPIQWTG[GUQRGPCPFQWTOKPFU CVVWPGFVQRQUUKDKNKVKGU+HYGVTWN[NQQMCVYJCVŏUKP HTQPVQHWUCPFUWURGPFQWTGXGT[FC[CUUWORVKQPU CDQWVKVVJGURCTMUECPTGCNN[HN[ +ŏOEQPXKPEGFVJCVOQUVRGQRNGECPITGCVN[KPETGCUG VJGKTETGCVKXKV[XKTVWCNN[QXGTPKIJVUKORN[D[TGEQI PK\KPIVJGKORQTVCPEGQHRTGEKRKVCVKPIKPUKIJVU9JGP [QWMPQYYJCV[QWCTGNQQMKPIHQT[QWHKPFCNQVOQTG QHKV 48

3. Understanding the Creative Process

❂

5VGR)GPGTCVKPI#NVGTPCVKXGU 6JGUGEQPFUVGRKPVJGETGCVKXGRTQEGUUKUVQUVCTVIGPGT CVKPICNVGTPCVKXGU#NVGTPCVKXGUCTGUKORN[FKHHGTGPV YC[UQHVJKPMKPICDQWVVJGVQRKECVJCPFōYJCVGXGT VQRKE[QWTRTGEKRKVCVKPIKPUKIJVNGF[QWVQ;QWOC[KO OGFKCVGN[IGVKPVQCRTQDNGOUQNWVKQPOQFGKPYJKEJ ECUG[QWTCNVGTPCVKXGUYKNNVCMGVJGHQTOQHUQNWVKQPU$WV VJCVKUPŏVCNYC[URQUUKDNGQTFGUKTCDNG+PUVGCF[QWOC[ JCXGVQEQPUKFGTVJGPCVWTGQHVJGVQRKEQTRTQDNGOKVUGNH +PYJKEJECUG[QWTHKTUVCNVGTPCVKXGUCTGUKORN[FKHHGTGPV XKGYUQHYJCV[QWCTGVJKPMKPICDQWVYJCV[QWYCPVVQ CEEQORNKUJVJTQWIJVJGETGCVKXGRTQEGUU (QTGZCORNGUWRRQUG[QWTVQRKEKUCPGXGT[FC[VCUM VJCV[QWPQYTGCNK\GVCMGUCNQVQH[QWTVKOG;QWECP UKORN[UC[ő6JKUVCUMKUVQQVKOGEQPUWOKPIŒCPFEQOG WRYKVJCNVGTPCVKXGUQNWVKQPUFKHHGTGPVYC[UVQFQVJG VCUM1T[QWECPNQQMCVVJGPCVWTGQHVJGVCUMCPFVJG RTQDNGOő9JCVKUKVCDQWVVJKUVCUMVJCVTGSWKTGUUQ OWEJQHO[VKOG!+UVJGTGCNRTQDNGOVJGVCUMQTVJG EQPFKVKQPUWPFGTYJKEJ+RGTHQTOVJGVCUM!#PFYJ[ CO+UQEQPEGTPGFCDQWVVKOGVQDGIKPYKVJ!Œ$[CUMKPI UWEJSWGUVKQPU[QWUVCTVIGPGTCVKPICNVGTPCVKXGXKGYUQH VJGUKVWCVKQPCPFYJCV[QWŏTGVT[KPIVQCEEQORNKUJ VJTQWIJVJGETGCVKXGRTQEGUU 9JCVGXGTHQTO[QWTCNVGTPCVKXGUVCMGVJGKORQTVCPV VJKPIKUVQIGPGTCVGNQVUQHVJGO6JGPCVWTCNITQYVJ 49

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

RCVJHQT[QWTRTGEKRKVCVKPIKPUKIJVKUCDTCPEJKPIQPG 6JKPMQHVJKUUVGRCUVJGWPHQNFKPIQHCEQORNGZPGY RNCPVKP[QWTOGPVCNICTFGPCPFGPEQWTCIGCP[CPF CNNDTCPEJGUVQGOGTIGCPFITQY

5VGR/CMKPI5GNGEVKQPU #NVJQWIJYGYCPVVQIGPGTCVGOCP[CNVGTPCVKXGKFGCU CPFXKGYRQKPVUTKQVQWUITQYVJYKNNUQQPQXGTYJGNO WUKHYGFQPŏVFQUQOGLWFKEKQWURTWPKPI9GVJGTGHQTG PGGFVQUGNGEVVJGCNVGTPCVKXGUYGYCPVVQFGXGNQRCPF EWVDCEMVJGTGUV #U[QWTKFGCUOCVWTGVJKUUGNGEVKQPRTQEGUUYKNNIGPGT CNN[KPXQNXGEJQQUKPIDGVYGGPCNVGTPCVKXGUQNWVKQPUVQC ENGCTN[FGHKPGFRTQDNGO$WVKPKVKCNN[VJGRTQEGUUOC[ HQEWUQPUQOGVJKPIHCTOQTGHWPFCOGPVCNYJCVNKPGUQH VJQWIJVVQRWTUWGKPVJGSWGUVHQTCNVGTPCVKXGUQNWVKQPU 1PN[VJTQWIJTGRGCVGFE[ENGUQHITQYVJCPFRTWPKPI YKNN[QWCEJKGXGUWHHKEKGPVOCVWTKV[QHVJQWIJVVQ RTQRQUGCPFUGNGEVYGNNFGXGNQRGFQRVKQPU

5VGR4GRGCVKPI5VGRUCPF#ICKPCPF#ICKP *GTGKUYJGTGVJGTGCNYQTNFOQFGNQHETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI IGVUUQOGYJCVOGUU[1PGTQWPFQHIGPGTCVKPICNVGT PCVKXGUCPFOCMKPIUGNGEVKQPUKUTCTGN[GPQWIJ'ZRGEV VQTGVWTPVQUVGRUCPFRGTJCRUOCP[VKOGUGCEJ VKOGUGGKPIVJGRTQDNGOKPCUNKIJVN[FKHHGTGPVNKIJV 50

3. Understanding the Creative Process

❂

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ŏXGCVVGPFGFOCP[ETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIUGUUKQPUUQOGQH VJGOFC[UNQPIKPYJKEJRCTVKEKRCPVUYGTGPGXGTRGT OKVVGFVQXQKEGCETKVKECNQRKPKQPCDQWVUQOGQPGGNUGŏU KFGCU6JCVKUVCMKPIVJGPGGFHQTUWRRQTVKXGDGJCXKQT KPITQWRUYC[VQQHCT+VWPFGTOKPGUVJGGUUGPVKCN F[PCOKEDGVYGGPETGCVKQPCPFGXCNWCVKQPVJGE[ENKECN RTQITGUUKQPVQYCTFXCNKFUQNWVKQPU+P[QWTKPFGRGPFGPV VJKPMKPICPFKPCP[ITQWRETGCVKXKV[YQTM[QWFQ[QW PGGFVQOCMGVKOGHQTDQVJIGPGTCVKXGCPFUGNGEVKXG VJKPMKPIQVJGTYKUG[QWECPPQVEQORNGVGVJGETGCVKXG E[ENGU[QWPGGFVQőITQYŒ[QWTETGCVKXGVJQWIJVUKPVQ 51

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

CP[VJKPIOCVWTGCPFTGUKNKGPVGPQWIJVQWUGKPVJGTGCN YQTNFQHDWUKPGUU ,WUVOCMGUWTG[QWFQPŏVETKVKEK\G RGQRNGHQTVJGKTKFGCUōQPN[VJGKFGCUVJGOUGNXGU 6JGTGKUPQőUQNWVKQPŒUVGRKPVJKURTQEGUUDGECWUGVJGTG KUPQFKUETGVGVKOGYJGPETGCVKXGVJKPMGTUUVQRVJKPMKPI CPFFGHKPGVJGUQNWVKQPVJCVŏUCFGEGRVKXGUVGRVQRWVKP CRTQEGUUOQFGN9JCVTGCNN[JCRRGPUKUVJCVYGMGGR E[ENKPIVJTQWIJCNVGTPCVKXGUCPFUGNGEVKQPUWPVKNKVLWUV őHGGNUŒTKIJVQTOCMGUUGPUGVQUVQR5QOGVKOGUKVHGGNU TKIJVDGECWUGQWTVJQWIJVRTQEGUUGUUWFFGPN[DWTUVKPVQ DNQQOIKXKPIWUQPGQHVJQUGYQPFGTHWNő#JCŒGZRGTK GPEGUQHUGGKPIJQYGXGT[VJKPIHCNNUKPVQRNCEG1VJGT VKOGUYGUNQYN[EQOGVQVJGTGCNK\CVKQPVJCVYGŏTG TGEGKXKPIFKOKPKUJKPITGVWTPUQPVJGVKOGCPFGHHQTV YGŏTGKPXGUVKPIōVJCVKVOCMGUUGPUGVQUVQRCPFUGNGEV VJGDGUVHTQOYJCVYGŏXGIQVCPFVQYQTMYKVJVJCV 'KVJGTYC[VJGETGCVKXGRTQEGUUPGXGTTGCNN[GPFU;QW LWUVFGEKFGVQUVGRQWVQHKVCPFJCTXGUVYJCVGXGTHTWKVKV JCUDQTPG+PVJGNQPITWPKVKUCNYC[URQUUKDNGVQFG XGNQRPGYGTCPFDGVVGTKFGCU%TGCVKXKV[CPFKPPQXCVKQP CTGD[XKTVWGQHJWOCPPCVWTGQPIQKPIRTQEGUUGU CPFVJGTGKUCNYC[UHWTVJGTRQVGPVKCNVQFKUEQXGT5Q CP[GPFKPIVQVJGRTQEGUUKUTGCNN[CRTCIOCVKEQPGC TCVKQPCNQTKPVWKVKXGFGEKUKQPVQUYKVEJHTQOVJGYQTNF QHVJKPMKPIVQVJGYQTNFQHFQKPI(QTCYJKNG 52

3. Understanding the Creative Process

❂

5VGR6TCPUNCVKPI%TGCVKXG+FGCU 1PEG[QWJCXGFGEKFGFVQUYKVEJIGCTUHTQOVJKPMKPIVQ FQKPI[QWOWUVVTCPUNCVG[QWTETGCVKXGKFGCUKPVQWUGHWN RTQFWEVU6JGGZRGEVCVKQPCVNGCUVKPDWUKPGUUKUHQT[QW VQTGEGKXGRTQHKVCDNGTGVWTPUQP[QWTKPXGUVOGPVKPETG CVKXGVJKPMKPI6JGRTQFWEVUECPDGOCP[CPFXCTKGF FGRGPFKPIWRQP[QWTKPKVKCNKPUKIJVCPFVJGEQORCP[ŏU IQCNUCPFPGGFU*GTGCTGUQOGQHVJGOQUVEQOOQP HQTOUKPVQYJKEJETGCVKXGKFGCUCTGVTCPUNCVGF PRODUCT

DEFINITION

Solutions

Answers to tough decisions or problems

Innovations

New methods or processes

Inspirations

Powerful ideas that move or motivate people

Strategies

Ways of accomplishing challenging goals

Creations

Artistic products or performances

Inventions

New devices or objects

Problems Additional Insights

Re-definitions of what you are working on Understandings; new views into the hidden nature of things

5QOGVKOGUCUVJGNCUVKVGOUWIIGUVUVJGETGCVKXGRTQEGUU [KGNFUPQVJKPIOQTGVJCPVJGDGIKPPKPIQHCPQVJGT ETGCVKXGRTQEGUU6JCVŏUYJCVKVOGCPUYJGP[QWUC[ 53

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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3. Understanding the Creative Process

❂

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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3. Understanding the Creative Process

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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TO RECAP:

The Creative Thinking Process Model

These are the creative thinking steps we have discussed in this chapter. Remember: this is not a “regimental” process.

❂ ❂ ❂ ❂ ❂ ❂

1. Recognizing Precipitating Insights 2. Generating Alternatives 3. Making Selections 4. Repeating Steps 2 and 3, Again and Again 5. Translating Creative Ideas 6. Learning from the Process 58

4 UNCREATIVE PROCESSES More Classic Ways We Close Off Creativity

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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4. Uncreative Processes

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

WORKSHEET: GROUP MEETING PLANNER Fill in this worksheet to make your next meeting more creative.

1. Of all the possible agenda items, which single topic is in greatest need of fresh, creative thinking? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________

2. What is the most time the group can devote to this topic? ___________________________________________________________________________________ (Now you have the information you need to redefine your agenda so you can focus the group where it will do the most good.)

3. Who is most likely to voice creative or controversial views on this topic? (Include anyone who fits the description.) ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________

4. Who is most likely to discourage or criticize creative views on this topic? (You’re a contender for these questions too.) ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ (Now you have determined who should speak first on the topic [see 3] and who should speak last, if at all [see 4]. Be sure to structure the discussion so as to proceed in this order.)

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4. Uncreative Processes

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

✂ CP

UTTING THE UNCREATIVE OUT OF

ROCESSES: Asking for Creative Ideas

One classic way we close off creativity in meetings is by failing to ask members for creative ideas. Correcting this problem largely involves paving the way for enquiry—the focus of these guidelines and suggestions.

GUIDELINES AND SUGGESTIONS Asking for creative ideas will be far easier and much more productive if you have taken these initial steps: • Making the meeting safe for creativity • Making time for enquiry To make the meeting safe for creativity, signal clearly that you’re switching gears to a relaxed, supportive, nonjudgmental period of enquiry. If you normally sit at the head of the meeting table, do something to break up that authoritarian dynamic. Move to a vacant seat halfway down the table; or sit on the floor; or invite someone to lead a 10-minute brainstorming session. Try breaking the group into pairs for a quick ideation session, and join the most junior member yourself; then have each pair report their ideas to the group, and encourage an unguided discussion based on the ideas. Yes, such things add time to your meeting. That’s the reason why you must also make time for enquiry. To make time for enquiry, cut the other stuff on the agenda by half. Limit progress reports to one minute each—details can always be conveyed in writing or E-mail. Cut your opening comments, and impose a tough oneor two-minute limit on yourself. Axe all but the most important agenda items. This might seem a ruthless approach, but if you try it, you may see how much deadwood actually ends up in meetings—stuff that chokes the growth of creativity because no light can get into the process and foster that growth.

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5 THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF CREATIVITY IT IS OFTEN DESIRABLE VQYGCTCHCEKNKVCVQTŏUJCVō PQVQPN[YJGP[QWCTGGPEQWTCIKPICITQWRVQDGOQTG ETGCVKXGDWVCNUQYJGP[QWCTGDQQUVKPI[QWTETGCVKXKV[ QTVJCVQHCPQVJGTKPFKXKFWCN6JKUEJCRVGTRTGRCTGU[QW HQTVJCVTQNGD[RTGUGPVKPIOCP[WUGHWNCEVKQPUCPF UVTCVGIKGUHQTHCEKNKVCVKPIETGCVKXGVJKPMKPI7UGVJGUG CUDWKNFKPIDNQEMUQHETGCVKXKV[EQODKPKPIVJGOVQHQTO [QWTQYPETGCVKXGRTQEGUUGUQTVQOCMGGZKUVKPIITQWR CPFKPFKXKFWCNYQTMRTQEGUUGUOQTGETGCVKXG 6JGDNQEMUEQOGKPCXCTKGV[QHUJCRGUCPFUK\GU6JGTG CTGJCPF[NKVVNGRKGEGUNKMGTGNGXCPVSWQVGUVJCVHQEWUQP ETGCVKXKV[;QWECPOCMGCPQXGTJGCFHTQOQPGQHVJGUG VQWUGKPCRTGUGPVCVKQPQTVTCKPKPIUGUUKQPQT[QWECP JCXGQPGOCFGKPVQCDCPPGTCVCEQR[UJQRCPFRQUV KVKPVJGEQPHGTGPEGTQQOHQT[QWTPGZVVGCOOGGVKPI 1VJGTOQTGUWDUVCPVKCNDNQEMUKPENWFGVJGENCUUKERTQ EGUUDTCKPUVQTOKPI;QWECPWUGVJCVDNQEMVQKPKVKCVGC VGPQTVYGPV[OKPWVGRGTKQFQHPQPETKVKECNHTGGCUUQEKC VKQPCURCTVQHCITQWRGXGPVQTOGGVKPI6JCVŏULWUVVJG UVCTV9KVJCUGVQHDNQEMUUWEJCUVJGUG[QWŏTGNKOKVGF QPN[D[[QWTKOCIKPCVKQP 65

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

CREATIVITY QUOTES

DEFINITIONS OF CREATIVITY #PGYEQODKPCVKQPQHQNFGNGOGPVU ō,COGU9GDD;QWPI

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66

5. The Building Blocks of Creativity

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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5. The Building Blocks of Creativity

❂

PQVUGG*QYGXGTKVURTCEVKEGCUTGNCVGFVQRU[EJQ CPCN[UKUKUYGNNDG[QPFQWTRWTRQUGJGTG9GFQPŏVPGGF VJGYJQNGUCNGGZRNQTCVKQPQHEQPUEKQWUPGUUVJCVUWEJ KFGCCUUQEKCVKQPECPNGCFWUVQ(QTETGCVKXKV[KPVJG DWUKPGUUURJGTGYGTGSWKTGCOQTGHQEWUGFCPFIQCN QTKGPVGFCRRTQCEJYGYCPVCP[KFGCUVJCVCTGTGNCVGFVQ VJGVQRKECVJCPFKPENWFKPIOCP[VJCVCTGTGNCVGFVQKVKP PQPQDXKQWUYC[U9GCNUQPGGFCNQVQHVJGUGKFGCUHQT CUOCNNTCPFQOUCORNGYQPŏVJGNRWUQPVJGRTQDNGO UQNXKPIHTQPV6JWUYGYCPVVQFGXGNQRVJGCTVQHHTGG CUUQEKCVKPIOCP[NGUUQDXKQWUDWVTGNCVGFKFGCU+ECNN VJKUCRRTQCEJETGCVKXGCUUQEKCVKQP +PETGCVKXGCUUQEKCVKQP[QWHTGGCUUQEKCVGUQCUVQUWTHCEG VJGOCP[RCVVGTPUCPFTGNCVKQPUJKRUVJCVUWTTQWPF[QWT VQRKECPFNGCFQWVHTQOKVDTKPIKPIVQNKIJVTGNCVGFKFGCU CNQPIVJGYC[6JKUCRRTQCEJKUHCEKNKVCVGFD[VJGOKPFŏU VGPFGPE[VQRTQFWEGKFGCUCPFTGVTKGXGOGOQTKGUKP ITQWRUDCUGFQPRCVVGTPUVJCVNKPMVJGO6JGRCVVGTPU ECPDGHQTOCNCPFEQPUEKQWUōCUYJGPYGTGECNNVJCV TGFDNWGCPF[GNNQYCNNDGNQPIVQCITQWRECNNGF őEQNQTUŒ6JG[ECPCNUQDGNGUUEQPUEKQWUGXGPCEEKFGP VCNōCUYJGPYGVJKPMQHőUJGNNŒCPFőDGNNŒKPTGURQPUG VQVJGYQTFőUGNNŒLWUVDGECWUGCNNVJGUGYQTFUTJ[OG #PCEEKFGPVCNQTUGEQPFCT[CUUQEKCVKQPUWEJCUVJKUQPG EWVUCRCVJCETQUUVJGOQTGQDXKQWU CPFIGPGTCNN[OQTG WUGHWNOCKPECVGIQTKGUEQPPGEVKPIUGGOKPIN[WPTGNCVGF KFGCUCPFITQWRKPIVJGOKPPGYECVGIQTKGU 69

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

(QTCUKORNGRTCEVKEGCEVKXKV[KPETGCVKXGCUUQEKCVKQPVCMG CYQTFōUQOGVJKPICUUQEKCVGFYKVJCRTQDNGOQTKUUWG CVYQTMKUIQQFōCPFVT[VQHKPFHKXGQTOQTGCUUQEKCVKQP RCVJYC[UHTQOKV(QTGZCORNGNGVŏUVCMGVJGYQTFőNCVGŒ CPFUGGJQYOCP[FKHHGTGPVRCVJYC[U+ECPHKPFVJCV NGCFWUHTQOVJKUYQTFVQTGNCVGFKFGCU 1RRQUKVGURTQXKFGCPQDXKQWURCVJYC[HQTIGPGTCVKPI őGCTN[ŒCPFYQTFUCUUQEKCVGFYKVJKVUWEJCUőCJGCFŒ CPFőDGJKPFŒ2TQDNGOUDCUGFQPDGKPINCVGCTGCP QVJGTQDXKQWURCVJYC[NGCFKPIWUVQőUGTXKEGŒőVCTFK PGUUŒőRC[OGPVUŒCPFőECUJHNQYŒ4J[OGUCTGCIQQF UVCPFD[YJGPGXGT[QWIGVUVWEMHQTGZCORNGőFCVGŒ őICVGŒCPFőTCVGŒōVJGNCVVGTQHYJKEJDTKPIUWUCETQUU VJGUGEQPFRCVJYC[EQPEGTPKPINCVGRC[OGPVUCPF ECUJHNQYKUUWGUUKPEGNCVGHGGUCTGGUUGPVKCNN[VJGTCVG EJCTIGFEWUVQOGTUHQTRC[KPINCVG5QYGKOOGFKCVGN[ JCXGGUVCDNKUJGFVJTGGCUUQEKCVKQPRCVJYC[U 9GECPDWKNFCHQWTVJRCVJYC[D[CUUQEKCVKPIHTQO QPGQHVJGTJ[OKPIYQTFUUWEJCUőICVGŒYJKEJ NGCFUWUVQőFQQTYC[ŒőHGPEGŒőICTFGPŒCPF UVTCPIGN[GPQWIJőJQTUGUŒ UKPEGJQTUGUUVCTVTCEGU HTQOICVGU(QTGXGPOQTGRCVJYC[UYGECPVT[ EQODKPKPIYQTFUYGJCXGCNTGCF[IGPGTCVGFUWEJ CUőICVGŒCPFőNCVGŒ6JG[UWIIGUVőOKUUKPICRNCPGŒ CPFőIGVVKPIUVWEMŒCVVJGICVGHQTGZCORNGCPFHTQO VJGTGYGOQXGVQYQTFUUWEJCUőVKEMGVŒőVTCHHKELCOŒ CPFőOKUUGFOGGVKPIUŒ 70

5. The Building Blocks of Creativity

❂

6QTGECRVJGUGCTGVJGHKXGRCVJYC[UYGFKUEQXGTGF     

1RRQUKVGU 2TQDNGOUDCUGFQPVJGMG[YQTF 4J[OGU #UUQEKCVKQPUHTQOCYQTFCNTGCF[IGPGTCVGF #UUQEKCVKQPUHTQOCEQODKPCVKQPQHYQTFU CNTGCF[IGPGTCVGF

6JGTGCTGOCP[QVJGTRCVJYC[UNGCFKPIHTQOőNCVGŒ+H [QWYCPVVQRTCEVKEGETGCVKXGCUUQEKCVKQPVT[VQFQWDNG QTVTKRNGO[PWODGTVJGPNKUVCNNVJGYQTFUQTKFGCU VJGUGRCVJUNGCF[QWVQ*GTGŏUO[NKUV GCTN[ CJGCF DGJKPF UGTXKEG VCTFKPGUU

RC[OGPVU ECUJHNQY FCVG ICVG TCVG

NCVGHGGU FQQTYC[ HGPEG ICTFGP JQTUGU

OKUUKPICRNCPG IGVVKPIUVWEM VKEMGV VTCHHKELCO OKUUGFOGGVKPIU

#U[QWECPUGG[QWIGVCNQPINKUVKPIQHYQTFUVJCVCTG TGNCVGFVQ[QWTMG[YQTFKHQPN[HQTCEEKFGPVCNTGCUQPU

+H[QWFQETGCVKXGCUUQEKCVKQPQPCUGTKGUQHYQTFUUWEJ CUCQPGUGPVGPEGRTQDNGOUVCVGOGPV[QWYKNNIGVCNKUV QHNQPIGTKFGCUCPFRJTCUGUVJQWIJVJGRTQEGUUTGOCKPU VJGUCOG5WEJNKUVUCTGYJCVETGCVKXKV[OGVJQFUNKMG DTCKPUVQTOKPICKOVQIGPGTCVG1PEG[QWIGVIQQFCV ETGCVKXGCUUQEKCVKQP[QWYKNNHKPFVJCVDTCKPUVQTOKPI CPFVJGOCP[QVJGTOGVJQFU+EQXGTKPVJGDQQMCTG JGNRHWNKPETGCVKPICPFWUKPINKUVUQHCUUQEKCVGFKFGCU 71

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

&GXGNQRGFD[#NGZ1UDQTPKP VJGUVJKUVGEJPKSWGKU BRAINSTORMING VTCFKVKQPCNN[WUGFVQJGNR ITQWRUQHUKZVQVYGNXGRGQRNG HTGGCUUQEKCVGKFGCUUWIIGUVGFD[CRTQDNGOUVCVGOGPV #HCEKNKVCVQTQTTGEQTFGTEQOOQPN[UVCPFUCVCDQCTFQT HNKREJCTVCPFTGEQTFUKFGCUCUITQWROGODGTUXGTDCNK\G KFGCUKPVJGKTTCYHQTOCUSWKEMN[CUVJG[QEEWT

TRADITIONAL

1UDQTPFTGYWRCUGVQHHQWTTWNGUVJCVKPETGCUGRGQRNGŏU YKNNKPIPGUUVQUJCTGVJGKTKFGCUYKVJVJGITQWR7UWCNN[ VJGHCEKNKVCVQTUVCVGUQTRQUVUVJGUGTWNGUCVVJGUVCTV QHCDTCKPUVQTOKPIUGUUKQPōCPFKHPGEGUUCT[RQNKVGN[ EQTTGEVUCP[QPGYJQXKQNCVGUVJGO*GTGCTGVJGTWNGU CU+HTGSWGPVN[UVCVGVJGOHQTITQWRU *KCO 

0QETKVKEKUOQHCP[KFGCU5CXGETKVKEKUOUHQTVJG GXCNWCVKQPUVCIG



9KNFKFGCUCTGGPEQWTCIGF5C[YJCVGXGTEQOGU VQOKPF



3WCPVKV[PQVSWCNKV[)GPGTCVGCUNQPICNKUVCU RQUUKDNG



0QRTQRTKGVCT[KFGCU%QODKPKPIKFGCUQT DWKNFKPIQPUQOGQPGGNUGŏUKFGCKUGPEQWTCIGF

6JGHCEKNKVCVQTWUWCNN[YTKVGUVJGRTQDNGOUVCVGOGPV HQTVJGITQWROCMKPIVJKUCHCKTN[FKTGEVKXGOGVJQF+ UQOGVKOGUDTGCMVJCVTWNGCPFCUMVJGITQWRVQUVCTVD[ 72

5. The Building Blocks of Creativity

❂

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őQWVQHVJGDQZŒRTQDNGOFGHKPKVKQPVJCV UGVUWUQHHKPCPGYCPFOQTGRTQFWEVKXGFKTGEVKQP UGG %JCRVGTHQTFGVCKNUQPVJG+PUKIJVUVCIG 1PEGVJGITQWRJCUFGXGNQRGFCRTQDNGOUVCVGOGPV+ NGCFOGODGTUKPVQQPGQTOQTGDTCKPUVQTOKPIUGUUKQPU KPYJKEJYGIGPGTCVGKFGCUTGNCVGFVQVJGRTQDNGOōCUKP VTCFKVKQPCNDTCKPUVQTOKPI6JGUGUGUUKQPUOC[NCUVHTQO HKXGVQHKHV[OKPWVGUFGRGPFKPIWRQPJQYRTQFWEVKXG VJGITQWRUGGOUVQDG6JGHCEKNKVCVQTŏUIQCNKUVQMGGR RTQFFKPIVJGITQWRHQTKFGCUWPVKNKVTGCEJGUVJGRQKPV QHFKOKPKUJKPITGVWTPU'ZRGTKGPEGFITQWRUQHETGCVKXG RGQRNGOC[DGCDNGVQHTGGCUUQEKCVGHQTJQWTUQPGPF CPFUQVJGETGCVKXGFGRCTVOGPVUQHCFCIGPEKGUWUGNQPI 73

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

UGUUKQPU$WVOQUVGORNQ[GGITQWRUTWPFT[CHVGTHKHVGGP QTVYGPV[OKPWVGUUQDGECTGHWNPQVVQQXGTFQKV 6JKUKUVJGVGTO+WUGHQTVJG KPHQTOCNHTGGYJGGNKPIUV[NG QHTGUGCTEJ+NKMGVQFQKPVJG GCTN[UVCIGUQHCP[RTQLGEV QTRTQEGUU7PNKMGVTCFKVKQPCNDGPEJOCTMKPI KPYJKEJ [QWECTGHWNN[KFGPVKH[CőDGUVQHENCUUŒGZCORNGQHC RTQFWEVQTRTQEGUUUVWF[KVCPFOQFGN[QWTUGNHCHVGTKV GZRNQTCVQT[DGPEJOCTMKPIKUCVVWPGFVQUGGMKPIPQXGN CRRTQCEJGUVQCUWDLGEV;QWICVJGTCJQFIGRQFIGQH TGCNYQTNFGZCORNGUPQVCNNQHYJKEJPGEGUUCTKN[TGNCVG VQ[QWTUWDLGEVOCVVGTCPFVJGPHKPFQWVLWUVGPQWIJ KPHQTOCVKQPCDQWVVJGOVQIGVVJGIKUVQHYJCVVJG[CTG CDQWVQTJQYVJG[YQTM+VŏUCSWKEMUYGGRKPIRTQEGUU

EXPLORATORY BENCHMARKING

(QTGZCORNGNGVŏUUC[[QWJCXGVQFGUKIPVJGYGCVJGT UVTKRRKPIHQTVJGFQQTUQHCPGYCWVQOQDKNG+PCHQTOCN DGPEJOCTMKPIRTQEGUU[QWOKIJVHKTUVUGCTEJQWVVJG EQORGVKVQTŏUOQFGNYKVJVJGőDGUVŒYGCVJGTUVTKRRKPI CEEQTFKPIVQEWUVQOGTRTGHGTGPEGVJGPTGXGTUGGPIKPGGT KVVQHKPFQWVYJCVOCMGUKVVJGDGUV$WVKPGZRNQTCVQT[ DGPEJOCTMKPI[QWYQWNFICVJGTCYKFGXCTKGV[QHCN VGTPCVKXGFGUKIPUCUSWKEMN[CURQUUKDNGNQQMKPICUHCT HTQO[QWTKPFWUVT[CPFCRRNKECVKQPCURQUUKDNGKPQTFGT VQGPUWTGCFKXGTUKV[QHKFGCU;QWOKIJVUMGVEJVJGFG UKIPUQHYGCVJGTUVTKRRKPIUWUGFQPCKTRNCPGFQQTUDQCV 74

5. The Building Blocks of Creativity

❂

JCVEJGUCPFUM[NKIJVUKPQTFGTVQEQNNGEVUQOGőQWVQH VJGDQZŒCNVGTPCVKXGU;QWOKIJVGXGPNQQMCVQVJGTUQTVU QHUGCNUUWEJCUVJGNKFQHCPQNFHCUJKQPGF/CUQPLCT VJGőUMKTVŒWUGFVQMGGRYCVGTQWVQHCMC[CMVJGUGCOU QHURCEGUWKVUCPFVJGőHGGVŒQHUPCKNU 6JGRTQFWEVQHGZRNQTCVQT[DGPEJOCTMKPIKUCPGEEGPVTKE EQNNGEVKQPQHFGUKIPUQTQVJGTKFGCUVJCVOC[QTOC[PQV DGFKTGEVN[TGNGXCPVVQ[QWTUWDLGEVDWVCTGEGTVCKPN[KP URKTCVKQPCNCU[QWUGGMPGYCRRTQCEJGUVQVJGUWDLGEV +FGXGNQRGFVJKUOGVJQFVQ JGNRITQWRUGZRNQTGEQORNGZ BRAINSTORMING RTQDNGOUQTRTQLGEVU+VWUGU VJGHTGGCUUQEKCVKQPTWNGUQH DTCKPUVQTOKPIVQIGPGTCVGCUOCP[UWDRTQDNGOUCURQU UKDNG5VCTVD[FKURNC[KPICPFTGCFKPICHQTOCNUVCVGOGPV QHVJGRTQDNGOVQVJGITQWR6JGPRQKPVQWVVJCVRTQD NGOUVCVGOGPVUVGPFVQDGHCKTN[CDUVTCEVCPFECPQHVGPDG DTQMGPFQYPKPVQőUWDRTQDNGOUŒQTEQORQPGPVRCTVU #UMVJGITQWRVQURGPFHKXGOKPWVGUDTCKPUVQTOKPICU OCP[UWDRTQDNGOUCURQUUKDNGWUKPIVJGő0QETKVKEKUOŒ TWNGHTQOVTCFKVKQPCNDTCKPUVQTOKPI9TKVGGXGT[VJKPI VJGITQWRQHHGTUFQYPQPCDQCTFQTCHNKREJCTVCU CEEWTCVGN[CURQUUKDNGYKVJQWVGFKVKPI

BREAK-DOWN

6JGRTQFWEVQHDTGCMFQYPDTCKPUVQTOKPIKUCNGPIVJ[ NKUVQHUWDRTQDNGOU5QOGQHVJGUGYKNNDGXGT[JGNRHWN 75

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

KPHQTOWNCVKPIETGCVKXGUQNWVKQPUVQVJGOCKPRTQDNGO DGECWUGVJG[YKNNUWTHCEGCURGEVUQHVJGRTQDNGOQT UWIIGUVEQORQPGPVUQHVJGUQNWVKQPVJCVYGTGPQVXKUKDNG VQVJGITQWRYJGPKVVCEMNGFVJGRTQDNGOQPCJKIJGT NGXGN6JGOGVJQFECPCNUQDGWUGFD[KPFKXKFWCNU +QPEGYQTMGFQPCPKPVTCRTG PGWTUJKRVGCOYJQUGVCUM YCUVQFGXGNQRJKIJITQYVJ GPVTGRTGPGWTKCNDWUKPGUUWPKVU HQTCNCTIGEQPUGTXCVKXGHTGKIJVVTCPURQTVCVKQPEQORCP[ 6JGKFGCOCFGIQQFUGPUGDGECWUGVJGEQORCP[YCU SWKVGFGRGPFGPVWRQPCRQTVHQNKQQHOCVWTGJKIJ EQORGVKVKQPDWUKPGUUGUCPFKVUDQCTFTGEQIPK\GFVJCVKV OWUVGPVGTUQOGPGYGTOCTMGVUVQCEJKGXGJKIJITQYVJ $WVVJGDQCTFCNUQJCFVJGYKUFQOVQMPQYKVEQWNFPŏV OCPCIGCPGYUQHVYCTGHKTOQTCP[VJKPIGNUGVJCVYCU VQQHCTCHKGNFHTQOHTGKIJVVTCPURQTVCVKQP9JCVGXGTVJG PGYDWUKPGUUGUYGTGVQDGVJG[JCFVQVCMGCFXCPVCIG QHUQOGUVTGPIVJUVJGEQORCP[CNTGCF[RQUUGUUGF

COMBINATION BRAINSTORMING

6JKUECUGYCURGTHGEVHQTEQODKPCVKQPDTCKPUVQTOKPI COGVJQF+FGXGNQRGFKPYJKEJ[QWFGHKPGVJGRTQDNGO CUő(KPFKFGCUVJCVKPENWFGZŒ(QTGZCORNGVJGHTGKIJV VTCPURQTVCVKQPEQORCP[YCUGURGEKCNN[IQQFCVTWPPKPI HNGGVUQHVTWEMUUQCYQTVJYJKNGSWGUVKQPVQRWTUWGYCU ő#TGVJGTGKFGCUHQTPGYDWUKPGUUGUVJCVKPENWFGVJGWUG QHCHNGGVQHVTWEMU!Œ 76

5. The Building Blocks of Creativity

❂

6QDTCKPUVQTOHQTGPVTGRTGPGWTKCNEQPEGRVUVJCVEQODKPG UQOGVJKPIETGCVKXGYKVJVTWEMU[QWECPWUGCRTQDNGO UVCVGOGPVNKMGVJGHQNNQYKPI 6TWEMHNGGVCPF ______________________________! 6JKURTQDNGOUVCVGOGPVHQTEGUETGCVKXGVJKPMKPIVQHQEWU QPYC[UQHEQODKPKPIVJGGZKUVKPICUUGVQTUVTGPIVJ KP VJKUECUGHNGGVUQHVTWEMUYKVJQVJGTKFGCUVQHQTOCNKUV QHPQXGNRQUUKDKNKVKGU7UGKVCU[QWOKIJVCVTCFKVKQPCN DTCKPUVQTOKPIRTQDNGOUVCVGOGPV(QNNQYVJGDCUKE DTCKPUVQTOKPITWNGUKHKPCITQWRQTKHCNQPGFQYJCV GXGT[QWPGGFVQKPQTFGTVQHTGGCUUQEKCVGYKFGN[ 6QFGOQPUVTCVGVJKUOGVJQF+ŏNNFQCNKVVNGEQODKPCVKQP DTCKPUVQTOKPIQPVJGCDQXGRTQDNGOUVCVGOGPV*QY CDQWVCUPQYRNQYKPIDWUKPGUURQTVCDNGEQORWVGTNCDU KPVTWEMUVJCVTGPVGSWKROGPVCPFUGTXKEGUD[IQKPIVQ VJGEWUVQOGTQTCUCOGFC[FKUVTKDWVKQPU[UVGOHQTCP +PVGTPGVECVCNQIUCNGUEQORCP[!9JCVCDQWVőICOG VTWEMUŒNQCFGFYKVJVJGNCVGUVGNGEVTQPKECTECFGICOGU VJCVIQVQRCTVKGUQTUGVWRKPOCNNRCTMKPINQVUQTCTG ETGCVKQPQHQNFHCUJKQPGFHKTUVENCUUTCKNVTCPURQTVYKVJ UNGGRGTDWPMUCPFHKPGFKPKPITQQOUōCNNKPUKFGJWIG VTWEMU#PFUQHQTVJ;QWVCMGKVHTQOJGTG 6JGCFXCPVCIGQHVJKUőCPF __________ !ŒEQPUVTWEVKQP KUVJCVKVHQEWUGUVJGDTCKPUVQTOKPIQPKFGCUVJCVOGGV VJGEQODKPCVKQPETKVGTKQPōVJCVFQUQOGVJKPIPGYCPF 77

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

ETGCVKXGYKVJCPGZKUVKPIUVTGPIVJQTCUUGV6JGTGUWNV KUCOQTGRTCEVKECNCPFőFQCDNGŒNKUVQHKFGCUVJCP[QW YQWNFIGVHTQOVTCFKVKQPCNDTCKPUVQTOKPI 9GVQWEJGFWRQPVJKUUWDLGEV GCTNKGTKP%JCRVGT+H[QW TGECNNKPEWDCVKQPKUVJGKFGC FGXGNQROGPVVJCVQEEWTUYJGP[QWőUKVQPCRTQDNGOŒ HQTCYJKNG6JGGZVTCQTFKPCT[XCNWGQHVJKUDWKNFKPI DNQEMKUYGNNGZRTGUUGFD[$GTVTCPF4WUUGNN

INCUBATION

+H+JCXGVQYTKVGWRQPUQOGTCVJGTFKHHKEWNVVQRKE VJGDGUVRNCPKUVJKPMCDQWVKVYKVJXGT[ITGCV KPVGPUKV[ōVJGITGCVGUVKPVGPUKV[YKVJYJKEJ+CO ECRCDNGōHQTCHGYJQWTUQTFC[UCPFCVVJGGPF QHVJCVVKOGIKXGQTFGTUUQVQURGCMVJCVVJGYQTM KUVQRTQEGGFWPFGTITQWPF#HVGTUQOGOQPVJU+ TGVWTPEQPUEKQWUN[VQVJGVQRKECPFHKPFVJGYQTM JCUDGGPFQPG 6JKUKUCNUQCHKPGFGUETKRVKQPQHJQYVQWUGKPEWDCVKQP QHVJGKPVGPUGHQEWUCPFGHHQTVKVTGSWKTGUKPQTFGTVQ VJQTQWIJN[FTGPEJVJGOGPVCNUQKNUQH[QWTETGCVKXG ITGGPJQWUGKPVJGRTQDNGO 1HEQWTUGYQTMRNCEGRTGUUWTGUEQPURKTGCICKPUVUWEJKP VGPUKV[0QUQQPGTFQYGIGVUVCTVGFQPCVQWIJRTQDNGO VJCPCPGYOGUUCIGTGRQTVQTQTFGTFKUVTCEVUWU6JWU CP[QPGYJQYCPVUVQKPEWDCVGCPKORQTVCPVRTQDNGO GHHGEVKXGN[OWUVVCMGURGEKCNECTGVQőVJKPMCDQWVKVYKVJ 78

5. The Building Blocks of Creativity

❂

XGT[ITGCVKPVGPUKV[ŒKIPQTKPIVJGRTGUUWTGUVQőOWNVK VCUMŒKPUVGCFQHHQEWUQPN[QPVJGRTQDNGO 1PGRTCEVKECNKORNKECVKQPQHVJKUKPUKIJVKUVJCVYG UJQWNFUEJGFWNGQWTQYPGHHQTVUQPKORQTVCPVVQRKEU KPFC[UKPUVGCFQHJQWTUQTOKPWVGU(QTGZCORNGKH [QWFGXQVGQPGHWNNFC[VJKUYGGMVQUVWF[KPICEWUVQ OGTUGTXKEGRTQDNGOCPFUEJGFWNGCPQVJGTFC[VYQ YGGMUNCVGTHQTFTCHVKPICUQNWVKQPVJGP[QWYKNNVCMG HWNNCFXCPVCIGQHKPEWDCVKQPCPF[QWTKFGCUYKNNDGYGNN FGXGNQRGFCPFETGCVKXG;GVOQUVQHWUYQWNFRWVOWEJ OQTGVJCPVYQFC[UKPVQUWEJCRTQDNGOYKVJQWVCEEQO RNKUJKPICP[VJKPIETGCVKXGDGECWUGYGŏFDTGCMWRVJCV VKOGKPVQFQ\GPUQHUJQTVGHHQTVUKPUVGCF %[ENKECNETGCVKXKV[KUCVQQN+WUG VQJGNRVGCOUKPEWDCVGKFGCU+V KPXQNXGUHGYGTDWVNQPIGTYQTM UGUUKQPUWUWCNN[QHHUKVGQTWPFGT őNQEMFQYPŒQTFGTUVQRTGXGPVKPVGTTWRVKQPU6JGUGKP VGPUKXGUGUUKQPUCTGRWPEVWCVGFD[UGXGTCNFC[DTGCMU FWTKPIYJKEJVGCOOGODGTUKPEWDCVGKFGCUCUUQEKCVGF YKVJCIKXGPRTQDNGO+PVJGHKTUVKPVGPUKXGUGUUKQP+ TGEQOOGPFőQXGTNQCFKPIŒVJGVGCOQTITQWRQPCU OWEJKPHQTOCVKQPCDQWVVJGRTQDNGOCURQUUKDNG+P UWDUGSWGPVUGUUKQPU+TGEQOOGPFWUKPICXCTKGV[QH ETGCVKXKV[VQQNUCPFRTQEGUUGUUWEJCUVJGQPGUKPVJG WREQOKPIEJCRVGTUQHVJKUIWKFGDQQM

CYCLICAL CREATIVITY

79

❂

The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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CYCLICAL CREATIVITY FOR SINGLE MEETINGS & SESSIONS ➸ BASIC METHOD Alternate intensive blocks of work and meditative break periods. Devote at least 45 minutes to each work block and 30 minutes to each break period. Take the group through at least one full focus/unfocus/focus cycle. Two or three cycles work best. Remember, each cycle entails focusing intensely on the problem and related information, relaxing focus so that ideas can incubate, and returning to focus with the ideas that developed.

➸ FOCUS PERIODS—SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES • • • •

Use focused brainstorming techniques Diagram or flow-chart the problem Gather data on the problem or analyze data on the problem Write a full description or report of the work to date on the problem

The Rules: Stay on the problem. No breaks. Intensity is the key.

➸ BREAK PERIODS—STRUCTURE It is important to structure break periods so that the problem and related ideas can “percolate.” No phone calls; no chats at the coffee urn. Suggest that members take a solitary walk inside or outside the company building. The Rules: Stay “off problem.” Don’t get distracted by other problems either. Disconnect is the key. 80

5. The Building Blocks of Creativity

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INFORMAL

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The Manager’s Pocket Guide to Creativity

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