Leopoldo Alas (Clarin): An Annotated Bibliography: Supplement I (Research Bibliographies and Checklists: new series)

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RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND CHECKLISTS NEW SERIES, 2

LEOPOLDO ALAS (CLARÍN)

RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND CHECKLISTS NEW SERIES ISSN 1476–9700

General Editors Alan Deyermond Abigail Lee Six

LEOPOLDO ALAS (CLARÍN) AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY SUPPLEMENT I

Noël Valis

TAMESIS

© Noël Valis 2002 All Rights Reserved. Except as permitted under current legislation no part of this work may be photocopied, stored in a retrieval system, published, performed in public, adapted, broadcast, transmitted, recorded or reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior permission of the copyright owner First published 2002 by Tamesis, London ISBN 1 85566 082 2

Tamesis is an imprint of Boydell & Brewer Ltd PO Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk IP12 3DF, UK and of Boydell & Brewer Inc. PO Box 41026, Rochester, NY 14604–4126, USA website: www.boydell.co.uk

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for

This publication is printed on acid-free paper Printed in Great Britain by Athenæum Press Ltd, Gateshead, Tyne & Wear

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ABBREVIATIONS A. PRIMARY MATERIAL Aa ANTHOLOGIES AND SELECTIONS Ab CRITICISM Ac NOVELS Ad SHORT STORY COLLECTIONS Ae PLAYS Af CORRESPONDENCE I Published Correspondence II Unpublished Correspondence Ag PROLOGUES Ah REPRINTS I Stories II Parts of Novels III Poetry IV Criticism Ai TRANSLATIONS I Bable (Asturian) II Catalan III Chinese IV Czech V Dutch VI English VII Esperanto VIII Finnish IX French X German

7 11 15 15 16 19 25 36 36 36 39 40 42 42 46 46 48 54 54 54 54 54 55 55 57 57 57 59

XI Greek XII Italian XIII Japanese XIV Norwegian XV Polish XVI Portuguese XVII Romanian XVIII Serbo-Croat XIX Swedish XX Valencian Aj MISCELLANEOUS I Translation II Films III Adaptations IV Music V Autograph Mss VI Iconography B. SECONDARY MATERIAL ADDENDA TO PRIMARY MATERIAL Ab CRITICISM Ac NOVELS Ad SHORT STORY COLLECTIONS Ah REPRINTS I Stories II Parts of Novels IV Criticism Ai TRANSLATIONS VI English XII Italian Aj MISCELLANEOUS III Adaptations ADDENDA TO SECONDARY MATERIAL SUBJECT INDEX INDEX OF ALAS’S WORKS INDEX OF LITERARY FIGURES INDEX OF SCHOLARS AND CRITICS

59 60 60 60 60 61 61 62 62 62 62 62 63 64 65 65 65 71 343 343 343 344 345 345 345 345 346 346 347 347 347 348 357 369 381 385

INTRODUCTION I began collecting for this second, supplementary volume to my 1986 Leopoldo Alas (Clarín): An Annotated Bibliography well before the first installment appeared in libraries. In 2000, as I write this, the hillock of Clariniana has become a small mountain. Secondary materials continue to pile up; and, since the author’s rights expired in 1981, editions of Alas’s novels, stories and criticism proliferate. This second volume fills a significant gap in bibliographical resource materials, but clearly a third volume is inevitable. (This task, I trust, will fall to another Clarín scholar.) Two conclusions can be drawn from a perusal of this bibliography. First, the canonization of Leopoldo Alas as a modern classic writer is complete. Clarín’s reputation, which suffered neglect or silent reproval during much of the twentieth century, is at an all-time high. His novels and stories are part of the curriculum in Spain, and are regularly taught in colleges and universities abroad. Editions, both popular and scholarly, are readily available. Clarín’s name alone has a recognition value beyond university circles in Spain. His likeness appeared on a 200peseta banknote in 1984, as well as on a 30-peseta postage stamp. A hotel, a café, a movie theatre, a street (and probably more) bear his name in Oviedo. A new literary journal, also from Oviedo, called Clarín (Revista de Nueva Literatura) and edited by José Luis García Martín, announced its first issue in 1996. (Appropriately, one of the sections is called ‘Paliques’.) It is possible to spend, lick, sleep, drink, or peruse Clarín, if one is so inclined. I remember, in 1978, searching over an hour for Alas’s gravesite, when I finally ran into a tiny, bent over old woman cleaning headstones. Could she tell me where I might find the

7

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) tomb of Don Leopoldo Alas, better known as Clarín? ‘I don’t know the señor myself’, she answered gravely in Asturian bable, ‘but perhaps he lies over there’, waving vaguely toward a mass of crosses, turrets and obelisks. Twenty years later, no one has trouble locating Clarín’s place in the culture and literature of Spain. Also clearly seen in this bibliography and related to Alas’s now classic status within Spain are indications of his growing international reputation. The number of recent translations (or reissues, in some cases), particularly of La Regenta, is astounding. John Rutherford’s 1984 English translation of La Regenta was particularly welcomed. For The Observer’s ‘Books of the Year’, Paul Bailey placed the translation at the top of his list as ‘a major literary event’. Similarly, Julian Barnes called it ‘the foreign classic tardily discovered’ (see B1565 and 1566). In his own time, Clarín was far better known as a critic than as a novelist. Azorín’s early comment on the omnipresence of Clarín’s likeness is pertinent here: ‘Conocía a “Clarín” por retrato, lo he visto fotografiado en libros, en periódicos, en revistas, en ilustraciones, en botellas de aguardiente, en cajas de fósforos’ (from Soledades, Ch. VI). While I have not found Alas reproduced on whisky bottles or matchboxes, I do offer some representative examples of Clarín iconography, ranging from irreverent caricatures to posthumous memorials in stone and ink (see VI, under Miscellaneous). The inclusion of a subsection on iconography, however incomplete, reflects my decision to be as inclusive as possible. For this reason, users of this bibliography will find not only scholarly articles and books, but newspaper articles from Clarín’s time and today. Current scholarly interest in figures like Clarín now extends to understanding not only the larger cultural and historical context of Alas’s time and the contemporary reception of his works and persona, but the uses which today’s critics and readers make of writers such as Clarín. It is possible to construct, for example, a mini-narrative of cultural politics in the extraordinary flurry of mid-1980s centennial activities. Certainly the publicity attendant 8

Introduction on such homages, as well as the explosion of popular editions, both reflect and promote Clarín’s recent canonical status as a modern classic author. For convenience, I have followed the same organization as the first volume. Part A lists anthologies, selections, editions of Alas’s criticism, novels, and short stories, correspondence, prologues, reprints, and translations that have appeared since 1984 (with some pre-1984 items). Under the ‘Miscellaneous’ subsection I have added two new categories: autograph manuscripts and iconography, as noted above. (There is also one musical entry.) Alas’s works are listed alphabetically; editions of the same work are given in chronological order by date of publication. In Part B, secondary sources – extending from Clarín’s time to the present – are arranged alphabetically by author, with anonymous articles entered last. As before, I have used whenever possible the sigla of the MLA International Bibliography (see Abbreviations); otherwise, I have cited the full names of journals and newspapers. As my sources were newspaper clippings on several occasions, sometimes the page numbers were not available to me. I have cited the year in full to avoid any possible confusion: thus, for example, 29.7.1985 (or 1885, as the case may be), rather than 29.7.85. When applicable, book reviews have been cited, but only for those studies either primarily or wholly on Clarín or in which the reviewer comments substantially on Clarín. Items that I was not able to examine personally are marked with an asterisk. Whenever I found previously asterisked items (or more information), I have cited them in full here. For convenience, the number 1, followed by a colon, refers to an item already cited in the 1986 volume: thus, for example, 1:B514 is Marino GómezSantos’ Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”: ensayo bio-bibliográfico, on p. 128 of the 1986 bibliography. Given the large number of entries, a complicated numbering system for cross referencing would have been impractical. Help in preparing this bibliography came from many sources, people and institutions. María José Tintoré’s work in her “La Regenta” de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo has proved most 9

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) useful, as did David Torres’s in his 1986 bibliography (my criticism notwithstanding). My grateful thanks go to Carolyn Richmond, Antonio Fernández Insuela, Jean-François Botrel, José Manuel González Herrán, José María Martínez Cachero, Hensley Woodbridge, Sue Waterman, Yvan Lissorgues, David Gies, Erika Sutherland, Thomas Ward, Elźvieta Sklodowska, Robert Spires, E. Inman Fox, Joseph Snow, Roger Utt, Andrés Zamora, Joan Ramon Resina, Stephanie Sieburth, Harriet Turner, Michael Nimetz, Simone Saillard, Brian Dendle, Ángeles Ezama, Pierre Ullman, Rodrigo Díaz-Pérez, Agnes Moncy, Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez, Nil Santiáñez-Tió, Publio Delgado Escudero, Jaime Salinas, Laureano Bonet, Rosario Ramos González, Anne de Laire-Mulgrew, Sonia Núñez Puente, Enrique Rubio Cremades, Steve Dworkin, Ángel Ruiz Pérez, Justo Alarcón R. of the Biblioteca Nacional de Chile, and especially to the kindnesses of Rosario (Chane) Gorrochategui, of the CSIC, Centro de Información y Documentación Científica (CINDOC); to the interlibrary loan services of the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, the Johns Hopkins University, and Yale University; the Biblioteca Nacional de Madrid, the Hemeroteca Municipal and the Hemeroteca Nacional (Madrid), the Biblioteca Menéndez y Pelayo (Santander), and the Instituto Internacional (Madrid). Finally, special thanks are due to Curtis Wasson, without whose assistance and technical expertise this bibliography would not have arisen from the computer depths of a hard drive and a file called ‘Clarín2.Bib’. Baltimore-New Haven, June 2000

10

ABBREVIATIONS AGald

Anales Galdosianos

ALE

Anales de Literatura Española

AnMal

Analecta Malacitana

Archiv

Archiv für das Studium der Neueren Sprachen und Literatur

AUMLA

Journal of the Australasian Language and Literature Association

B

Barcelona

BBMP

Boletín de la Biblioteca Menéndez y Pelayo

BH

Bulletin Hispanique

BHS (Glasgow)

Bulletin of Hispanic Studies

BHS (Liverpool)

Bulletin of Hispanic Studies

BIDEA

Boletín del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos

BILE

Boletín de la Institución Libre de Enseñanza

BRAE

Boletín de la Real Academia Española

BRIDEA

Boletín del Real Instituto de Estudios Asturianos (formerly Boletín del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos [BIDEA])

CdD

La Ciudad de Dios

CER

Cahiers d’Études Romanes

CeS

Cultura e Scuola

CH

Crítica Hispánica

11

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) CHA

Cuadernos Hispanoamericanos

CIF

Cuadernos de Investigación Filológica

CMHLB

Cahiers du Monde Hispanique et LusoBrésilienne (Caravelle)

CMLR

Canadian Modern Language Review/ Revue Canadienne des Langues Vivantes

ConfLett

Confronto Letterario

CRR

Cincinnati Romance Review

CSIC

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

DAI

Dissertation Abstracts International

DUJ

Durham University Journal

EFil

Estudios Filológicos

EstLit

La Estafeta Literaria

ExTL

Explicación de Textos Literarios

FMLS

Forum for Modern Language Studies

FoH

Foro Hispánico

GaR

Georgia Review

GRM

Germanisch-Romanische Monatsschrift

HisJ

Hispanic Journal

Hispano

Hispanófila

HR

Hispanic Review

HudR

Hudson Review

Ibero

Iberoromania

IDEA

Instituto de Estudios Asturianos

IJWS

International Journal of Women’s Studies

JAISA

Journal of the Association for the Interdisciplinary Study of the Arts

LA

Leopoldo Alas

12

Abbreviations LdD

Letras de Deusto

LetP

Letras Peninsulares

LFem

Letras Femeninas

LFoiro

Literatura Foiro

LLNL

Les Langues Néo-Latines

LOS

Literary Onomastics Studies

LR

La Regenta

M

Madrid

MagLitt

Magazine Littéraire

MAI

Master’s Abstracts International

MLN

Modern Language Notes

MLR

Modern Language Review

MLS

Modern Language Studies

ModA

Modern Age

MP

Modern Philology

MRRM

Monographic Review/Revista Monográfica

NE

Nueva Estafeta

NRFH

Nueva Revista de Filología Hispánica

O

Oviedo

O.C.

Obras Completas

PMLA

Publications of the Modern Language Association

QL

Quinzaine Littéraire

RCEH

Revista Canadiense de Estudios Hispánicos

RDTP

Revista de Dialectología y Tradiciones Populares

REH

Revista de Estudios Hispánicos

RF

Romanische Forschungen

13

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) RFE

Revista de Filología Española

RICUS

Revista de Investigación del Colegio Universitario de Soria – Filología

RL

Revista de Literatura

RLAn

Romance Languages Annual

RLetras

República de las Letras

RHM

Revista Hispánica Moderna

RLMC

Rivista di Letterature Moderne e Comparate

RomN

Romance Notes

Rpt.

Reprinted

RQ

Romance Quarterly

RR

Romanic Review

Siglo

Siglo XX/Twentieth Century

SUH

Su único hijo

SZ

Stimmen der Zeit

TdP

Torre de Papel

Torre

La Torre

UdLH

Universidad de La Habana

UNAM

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Univ.

University, Universidad, Universidade, Université, Universität

14

A. PRIMARY MATERIAL Aa ANTHOLOGIES AND SELECTIONS

Aa1

Alas, Leopoldo, Obras selectas, ed. Juan Antonio Cabezas (1:Aa5). 3rd ed., 1986. xlvii + 1317 pp.

Aa2

Obras selectas, 3 vols, ed. Álvaro Ruiz de la Peña, Colección ‘Grandes Autores Asturianos’ (Oviedo: Hércules-Astur de Ediciones, 1992). 1591 pp. I: SUH, Pipá, ¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos (see Ac42; Ad10; Ad47); II & III: LR (see Ac20). See also B1218–19.

Aa3

Obras completas, I & II, ed. Santos Sanz Villanueva, Biblioteca Castro (Madrid: Turner, 1995). 1815 pp. I: LR (see Ac27); II: Pipá. Doña Berta. Cuervo. Superchería. El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos. Cuentos morales. El gallo de Sócrates (see Ad48). Future vols planned: III: SUH. Relatos sueltos y narraciones incompletas; IV–VI: Crítica y ensayo; VII–X: Artículos y ensayo; XI. Obra jurídica. Juan Ruiz. Prólogos. Epistolario. Miscelánea. See also B1290–91.

Aa4

Obras completas, IV, Folletos Literarios, ed. Santos Sanz Villanueva, Biblioteca Castro (Madrid: Biblioteca Castro/Fundación José Antonio de Castro, 1998). 553 pp. Contents: Un viaje a Madrid; Cánovas y su tiempo. (Primera parte); Apolo en Pafos (Interview); Mis plagios. Un discurso de Núñez de Arce; A 0,50 poeta. Epístola en versos malos con notas en prosa clara; Rafael Calvo y el Teatro Español; Museum (Mi revista). Núm. 1; Un discurso. Based on first eds. Unannotated. See also B1788. Review: 1. García Martín, J.L. El Cultural, in La Razón (M), No.22 (4.4.1999), 26.

15

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ab CRITICISM

Ab1

Apolo en Pafos (1:Ab10), ed. Raúl F. Sánchez-Alarcos, Colección Seminario Fin de Siglo y Formas de la Modernidad, 1 (Almería: Instituto de Estudios Almerienses, 1988). 101 pp. ‘Introducción’ (pp.7–27). Unannotated; rpts 1st ed. (1887). See also B1253.

Ab2

Apolo en Pafos, ed. Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez, Colección Literatura y Pensamiento, 3 (Barcelona: PPU, 1989). xlvi + 105 pp. ‘Introducción’ (pp.xiii–xlvi). With bibliography, notes and glossary. A well-annotated text. Based on 1st ed. (1887). See also B1383. Reviews: 1. Bauer, Beth Wietelmann. HR, 60 (1992), 497–98. 2. Fernández Insuela, Antonio. BBMP (Santander), 69 (1993), 364–67. 3. García Sarriá, Francisco. BHS (Liverpool), 69 (1992), 202–3. 4. Vidal Tibbits, Mercedes. LetP, 5, No.1 (Spring 1992), 194–95.

Ab3

Apuntes de clase de “Clarín”, recogidos por José María Acebal [González], Biblioteca Académica Asturiana, 6 (Oviedo: Caja de Ahorro de Asturias, 1986). 325 pp. Excerpts in 1:B6. LA’s student, José María Acebal (1878–1904), made a shorthand version of Clarín’s 1896 course on Natural Law, at the Univ. de Oviedo. With an Introd., by José Manuel Castañón (pp.7–10); and two commentaries, ‘El pensamiento de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, by Luis García-San Miguel (pp.13–44); and ‘La filosofía jurídica de los krausistas españoles: Giner y Clarín’, by Elías Díaz (pp.45–96). See also B271, 353, and 517.

Ab4

Los artículos de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” publicados en “Las Novedades”. Nueva York, 1894–1897, ed. Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez, in CHA, ‘Los Complementarios’ 13–14 (June 1994). 172 pp. ‘“Clarín” y América. Introducción’ (pp.5–23). Rpts thirty-two articles from Las Novedades, dated 20 Sept. 1894 to 18 Nov. 1897, mostly on the literary life of Spain and Latin America. See also B1374.

16

Primary Material Ab5

Clarín político, 2 vols, ed. Yvan Lissorgues (1:Ab30–31). 2nd ed., Colección Palabra Crítica, 5 (Barcelona: Lumen, 1989). 505; 248 pp. Prol., I, by Gonzalo Sobejano (pp.9–14). Introd., I, by Y.L. (pp.17– 107); and ‘Literatura y sociedad’, II, by Y.L. (pp.133–89). Omitted: ‘Palique’ (El Día [3.1.1882]), ‘La contribución’ (from Siglo pasado), and the ‘Índice Onomástico’. See also B732–33 and 1350. Reviews: 1. Carandell, Luis. El Independiente (M), 3, No.95 (7.4.1989), 36. 2. Longares, Manuel. Cambio 16 (M), No.907 (17.4.1989), 164. 3. Valis, Noël. España Contemporánea, 4, No.1 (Spring 1991), 119–21.

Ab6

Un discurso (1:Ab19). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), pp.10–108; and extracted as ‘El utilitarismo en la educación’, in BILE (M), 15, No.354 (15.11.1891), 321– 31.

Ab7

Ensayos y revistas (1:Ab20), ed. Antonio Vilanova, Colección Palabra Crítica, 13 (Barcelona: Lumen, 1991). 336 pp. ‘Prólogo’, by A.V. (pp.7–69). Rpts the 1st ed. (1892). See also B1515. Review: 1. J.M. CHA, No.503 (May 1992), 143.

Ab8

Galdós, novelista, ed. Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez, Colección Universitas, 15 (Barcelona: PPU, 1991). 354 pp. Introd. (pp.iii–xlii). Reproduces forty articles: all of Galdós, 1912 (see 1:Ab26); plus ten uncollected articles (on El amigo Manso; El doctor Centeno; Torquemada y San Pedro; Nazarín; Misericordia; De Oñate a la Granja), and articles on Doña Perfecta and Gloria (also in 1:Ab28) and Lo prohibido (also in 1:Ab27). Appendix: ‘Palique’ (La Publicidad [B] [20.8.1882]) and ‘Del estilo en la novela, V’ (Arte y Letras [B] [1.12.1882]; also in 1:Ab27). See also B1384. Reviews: 1. M.B. CHA, No.520 (Oct. 1993), 146–47. 2. Valis, Noël. AGald, 27–28 (1992–93), 246–47.

Ab9

“Juan Ruiz” (Periódico humorístico), ed. Sofía MartínGamero, Selecciones Austral, 134 (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1985). 489 pp.

17

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Introd. (pp.9–23). All fifty numbers of the verse and prose juvenilia in this in-house journal ms. (1868–69) are printed in their entirety. See also B817. Reviews: 1. Asún, Raquel. El País (M) (25.8.1985), 4. 2. López [-Barxas], Francisco. El Faro de Vigo (25.8.1985), xvi. 3. Pérez Tapia, María Teresa, & Santiago Piñel Vallejo. Libros (M), Nos 40–41 (June-July 1985), 31.

Ab10 Leopoldo Alas: teoría y crítica de la novela española (1:Ab27). Review: 1. Botrel, Jean-François. Sistema (M), No.5 (Apr. 1974), 159– 60.

Ab11 Mezclilla (1:Ab16), ed. Antonio Vilanova, Colección Palabra Crítica, 4 (Barcelona: Lumen, 1987). 329 pp. Introd. (pp.7–38). Rpts orig. 1889 ed. See also B1516. Reviews: 1. López [-Barxas], Francisco. Diario 16 (M) (19.12.1987), iii; & La Nueva España (O) (6.1.1988), 42. 2. Sotelo Vázquez, Adolfo. Ínsula, No.491 (Oct. 1987), 7; & La Vanguardia (B) (10.12.1987). 3. Valis, Noël. España Contemporánea, 1, No.2 (Spring 1988), 117–19.

Ab12 Nueva campaña (1:Ab12), ed. Antonio Vilanova, Colección Palabra Crítica, 7 (Barcelona: Lumen, 1990). 356 pp. ‘Prólogo’ (pp.7–62). Reproduces the 1st ed. (1887), inserting, when known, the orig. journal or newspaper date of publication for articles. See also B1517. Reviews: 1. Lozano Marco, Miguel Ángel. HR, 61 (1993), 112–13. 2. Sotelo Vázquez, Adolfo. España Contemporánea, 4, No. 2 (Fall 1991), 110–12.

Ab13 Preludios de “Clarín”, ed. Jean-François Botrel (1:Ab28). Reviews: 1. Díez Borque, José María. Informaciones (M), Supl. No. 286 (3.1.1974), 1–2. 2. Elorza, Antonio. Triunfo (M), No.575 (6.10.1973), 40–43.

Ab14 Los prólogos de Leopoldo Alas, ed. David Torres (1:Ab32). Correction: only Part II of LA’s two-part prologue to Carlyle’s Los héroes is reprinted in Torres (see 1:Ag5). Review: 1. Rivkin, Laura. Hispania, 68 (1985), 518–19.

18

Primary Material Ab15 Textos y con-textos de Clarín: los artículos de Leopoldo Alas en “El Porvenir” (Madrid, 1882), ed. Roger L. Utt, Colección Bella Bellatrix (Madrid: Istmo, 1988). 327 pp. Introd. (pp.9–22). A carefully prepared, annotated ed., with extensive commentaries and appendices contextualizing the eleven articles. Commentaries cover LA’s interest in Portuguese literature and culture; his attacks against anti-Krausists like Ortí y Lara and defense of Krausists like González Serrano (as well as the possible influence of G.S.’s Preocupaciones sociales on LR); the stylistic and rhetorical features of the paliques; LA’s reaction to political and literary ineptitude and inauthenticity; his treatment of censorship; and defense of naturalism, against Fernanflor. LA’s contributions: ‘Literatura extranjera. Lira Íntima. Poesías portuguesas de Joaquín de Araujo’; ‘La crítica mística’; ‘El discurso de la prerrogativa’; ‘Palique’; ‘Críticos a real y medio’; ‘Palique’; ‘Palique. Resumen: Fernanflor y el naturalismo – Pensamientos de Grandallana. – Ruiz Gómez en el arte’; ‘Un buen propósito. Una Liga Literaria Hispano-Portuguesa’; ‘Palique’; ‘Gratis (Polilla literaria)’; ‘Un libro de González Serrano. Preocupaciones sociales. – Ensayos de psicología popular’. See also Ah81, 100; B67, 1451. Reviews: 1. Klein, Richard. REH, 24 (1990), 193–94. 2. Miller, Stephen. Hispania, 72 (1989), 546–47. 3. Valis, Noël. HR, 58 (1990), 133–34.

Ab16 Un viaje a Madrid (1:Ab9), ed. Joaquín Verdú de Gregorio, Colección Marqués de Pontejos, 10 (Madrid: Caja de Madrid, 1995). 159 pp. Introd. (pp.13–89). Unannotated. See also B1493. Ac NOVELS

Ac1

La Regenta, 2 vols, folletín de La Publicidad (B) (15.1.– 3.10.1894) (1:Ac2). In bound form, *vol. I, 71 Nos (567 pp.); vol. II, 80 Nos (644 pp.). See B549, p.xliii, for more information.

Ac2

La Regenta, 1 vol. (1966) (1:Ac7). 26th printing, 1997. Prol., by Ricardo Gullón, 1989; 1997, 1998, pp.i– xlvi. See also B636.

19

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ac3

La Regenta, 2 vols, ed. Marina García (La Habana: Editorial Arte y Literatura, 1976). 404; 472 pp. (1:Ac10). ‘Prólogo’, I, by Benito Pérez Galdós (pp.11–21); ‘Revisión de Leopoldo Alas, Clarín’, II, by Domingo Pérez Minik (pp.439–58) (see 1:B955); and a schema, ‘Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) y su época’, II, by Marina García (pp.459–72). Unannotated ed. See also B1047.

Ac4

La Regenta, 1 vol., ed. Gonzalo Sobejano (1976) (1:Ac11). Reissue, 1990; *1996. Reviews: 1. Gullón, Germán. El País (M) (10.7.1977), 21. 2. Anon. Triunfo (M) (21.5.1977), 79.

Ac5

La Regenta, 2 vols, ed. Gonzalo Sobejano (1981) (1:Ac12). 5th ed., 1987. Reviews: 1. Entenza de Solare, Beatriz. Filología (Buenos Aires), 19 (1982–84), 156–57. 2. Round, Nicholas G. MLR, 79 (1984), 217–19.

Ac6

La Regenta, 1 vol. (1981) (1:Ac13). 2nd printing, 1985.

Ac7

La Regenta, 1 vol., Colección Novelas Inmortales, 1 (Madrid: SARPE, 1984). 646 pp. Contains a chronology; anon., ‘Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’ (pp.7–19); and bibliography (pp.21–23). A popular ed. See also B1657.

Ac8

La Regenta, 1 vol., ed. Mariano Baquero Goyanes (1984) (1:Ac19). 2nd ed., 1985; rev. 3rd ed., by Ana L. Baquero Escudero, Colección Austral A363 (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1995). *5th ed., 1997; 1999. 791 pp. Baquero Escudero (1995) updated bibliography and notes to the introduction. It is not clear which ed. or eds B.G. used. Reviews: 1. Alperi, Víctor. La Voz de Asturias (O) (27.4.1984), 17. 2. Díez de Revenga, Francisco Javier. Monteagudo (Univ. de Murcia), No.85 (1984), 51–55. 3. Díez de Revenga, Francisco Javier. La Opinión (Murcia) (24.5.1995), ii. 4. Palop Peña, Isabel María. AnMal (Univ. de Málaga), 7, No.2 (1984), 345–46. 5. Southworth, E.A. BHS (Liverpool), 63 (1986), 104.

20

Primary Material Ac9

La Regenta, 2 vols, ed. Juan Oleza [Simó], Colección Letras Hispánicas, 182–83 (1984) (1:Ac20). 2nd ed., 1986–87; 4th ed., 1989; 7th ed., 1993. With the collaboration of Josep Lluis Sirera and Manuel Diago. Follows Sobejano’s lead, basing his ed. on the last one (1901) corrected in vita. Reviews: 1. Gil González, Gonzalo. Cuadernos para Investigación de la Literatura Hispánica, No.10 (1988), 267. 2. Valis, Noël. BHS (Liverpool), 63 (1986), 103–4.

Ac10 La Regenta, 2 vols, Colección Grandes Novelas de Amor de la Literatura Universal, 18–19 (Barcelona: Planeta, 1984). 255; 285 pp. 2nd ed., ed. Domingo Ynduráin, Colección Aula, Biblioteca del Estudiante, 110–11 (Barcelona: Planeta, 1985). 251; 283 pp. Minimal notes.

Ac11 La Regenta, 2 vols, ed. Esteban Padrós de Palacios (Barcelona: Círculo de Lectores, 1984). 408; 384 pp. Rpt in 2 vols of 1:Ac8.

Ac12 La Regenta, 2 vols, Club Internacional del Libro (Madrid: S.A.P.E., 1986). 379; 355 pp. A popular ed. (latest printing seen, 1994).

Ac13 La Regenta. El diablo en Semana Santa, 1 vol., ed. José Luis Gómez, Clásicos Universales Planeta, 166 (Barcelona: Planeta, 1989). 887 pp. *[2nd ed.], 2 vols, Colección Obras Maestras del Milenio, 39–40 (Barcelona: Planeta-De Agostini, [1996]). Introd., by Sergio Beser (pp.ix–xxxviii); ‘Ediciones, tirajes y reimpresiones de La Regenta (1884–1901)’, by J.L. Gómez (pp.xxxix– xlvii); ‘Prólogo’, by Benito Pérez Galdós (pp.3–14). J.L. Gómez based his ed. on the 1st (1884–85), the 1894 folletín, and the 3rd ed. (1901). Annotated. A very fine ed. See also B133 and 549.

Ac14 *La Regenta, 1 vol., Biblioteca Básica de la Literatura Universal (Barcelona: Planeta, 1990). 896 pp. Ac15 La Regenta, 1 vol. (Barcelona: Mitre, 1990). 653 pp. Popular ed.

21

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ac16 *La Regenta, 2 vols, Colección Poesía y Prosa Popular, 100 (Madrid: Arcabus, 1991). 811 pp. Ac17 La Regenta, 2 vols (Barcelona: Ediciones Orbis, 1992). 353; 322 pp. Popular, unannotated ed. *1994, 2 vols, Colección Clásicos de la Literatura Universal. See also 1:Ac15. Ac18 *La Regenta, 2 vols, Colección Grandes Maestros de la Literatura Española (Madrid: Promoción y Ediciones, 1992). 734 pp. *1994, 2 vols, Biblioteca del Estudiante. Ac19 La Regenta, 2 vols, Colección Universo Literario (Barcelona: SARPE, 1992). 316; 330 pp. A 2–vol. ed. of Ac7.

Ac20 La Regenta, 2 vols, Obras selectas, II & III, ed. Álvaro Ruiz de la Peña, Colección ‘Grandes Autores Asturianos’ (Oviedo: Hércules-Astur de Ediciones, 1992). 541; 525 pp. ‘Prólogo’, I, by A.R. de la P. (pp.6–11).

Ac21 La Regenta, 2 vols, ed. José Ibáñez Campos, Colección Cultura, 43–44 (Narrativa) (Barcelona: Edicomunicación, 1993). 1994; 1999 (Barcelona: Edicomunicación), 2 vols, Colección Grandes Autores Literatura Universal, [2–3]. 347; 377 pp. ‘Estudio preliminar’, by Francesc-Lluis Cardona (pp.7–17). Text based on 3rd ed. (1901). See also B254.

Ac22 *La Regenta, 2 vols, Colección Clásicos de Siempre, 20–21 ([Madrid]: M.E., 1993). Ac23 La Regenta, 1 vol., Colección Historia de la Literatura Española ([Barcelona]: Orbis, 1994). 735 pp.

22

Primary Material Ac24 La Regenta, 1 vol., ed. facsimilar (Barcelona: Librum, 1994). 701 pp. Ilus. de Juan Llimona. Grabados de Gómez Polo. Ac25 La Regenta, 1 vol., ed. José María Martínez Cachero (Oviedo: Ediciones Nobel, 1994). xlix + 649 pp. Ilus. ‘Introducción’ (pp.vii–xlix). Based on 1901 ed., with attention to Sobejano’s ed. Includes a ‘Guía de personajes’ (pp.641–44) and notes to illus. of Oviedo-related places named in text. See also B831.

Ac26 *La Regenta, 1 vol., Biblioteca Universal, Maestros Modernos Hispánicos (Barcelona: Círculo de Lectores, [1995]). 849 pp. Prol. by Gonzalo Suárez.

Ac27 La Regenta, 1 vol., O.C., I, Biblioteca Castro, ed. Santos Sanz Villanueva (Madrid: Turner, 1995). 900 pp. Introd., by S.S.V. (pp.ix–xl); ‘Prólogo’, by Benito Pérez Galdós (pp.3– 14). Unannotated, based on the 1901 ed., with reference to the 1st of 1884–85. See also B1290.

Ac28 La Regenta, 1 vol., Colección Novelas Inmortales (Madrid: Alba, 1996). 647 pp. Pp.3–4: Biografía/Las obras (Anon.). Ac29 *La Regenta, 1 vol., Colección Lecturas Clásicas Graduadas [Nivel III] (Madrid: Edelsa, 1996). 127 pp. Adapted by M. Sánchez Alfaro.

Ac30 La Regenta, 1 vol., ed. facsimilar (Barcelona: Óptima, 1996). 701 pp. 5th ed., 1999. Ac31 *La Regenta, 1 vol., Colección Grandes Clásicos (Alcobendas [Madrid]: Alba, 1997). 667 pp. Ac32 La Regenta, 1 vol., Biblioteca 30 Aniversario Alianza Editorial (Madrid: Alianza, 1997). 1005 pp. ‘Prólogo’, by Juan Cueto [Alas] (pp.7–11). ‘Álbum’, by Arturo Ramoneda (81 pp., separately paged). See also B338 and 1093.

23

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ac33 *Su único hijo, folletín de La Publicidad (B) (14.10– 13.12.1900) (1:Ac26). Issued serially in 53 Nos.

Ac34 Su único hijo (1966) (1:Ac29). 6th printing, 1985; 7th, 1988; *9th, 1993, of the popular Alianza ed.

Ac35 Su único hijo, ed. Carolyn Richmond (1979) (1:Ac33). 2nd, rev. ed., Colección Austral, A104 (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1990). 383 pp. Introd. (pp.9–39), with Bibliografía selecta (pp.41–46). Appendices: ‘Sinfonía de dos novelas. Su único hijo. – Una medianía’; ‘Speraindeo’; excerpt from Ch. XX, LR. An excellent, updated ed. of 1:Ac33, with rev. introd. and greatly reduced annotations. Based on the 1st ed. (1891). See also B1125. Reviews: 1. Colón, Isabel. NE (M), No.37 (Dec. 1981), 90. 2. Eberenz, Rolf. RF, 96 (1984), 216–17. 3. Rutherford, John. BHS (Liverpool), 61 (1984), 526.

Ac36 Su único hijo, Colección Libro Amigo, 954 (Barcelona: Bruguera, 1981). 288 pp. (1:Ac34). 3rd printing, 1985.

Ac37 Su único hijo, Biblioteca Júcar, 78 (Madrid: Júcar, 1984). 197 pp. (1:Ac35). Ac38 Su único hijo, ed. José Ramón del Canto Nieto, Colección Poesía y Prosa Popular, 98 (Madrid: Grupo Editorial Marte, 1988). 303 pp. Introd. (pp.5–23). See also B251 and 1041.

Ac39 Su único hijo. Doña Berta. Cuervo. Superchería, Colección Sepan Cuantos, 572 (Mexico: Porrúa, 1988). xxviii + 269 pp. Rpts Pérez de Ayala’s Prol. (pp.ix–xx) (see 1:B934); Chronology (pp.xxi–xxviii). See also Ad37.

Ac40 Su único hijo, ed. Juan Oleza [Simó], Letras Hispánicas, 314 (Madrid: Cátedra, 1990). 559 pp.

24

Primary Material Introd. (pp.9–131); Nota a la edición (pp.133–37); Bibliografía (pp.139–51). Appendix: ‘Sinfonía de dos novelas (Su único hijo. Una medianía)’ (pp.515–59). Introd. has four sections: ‘Leopoldo Alas (1886–1891): un intelectual en tránsito’; ‘SUH, una fórmula irrepetible’; ‘La génesis de SUH’; ‘SUH como respuesta a LR’. Based on the 1st ed. (1891), with reference to the 1900 folletín and Richmond (1:Ac33). Heavily annotated. See also B832 and 966. Reviews: 1. Bly, Peter. RCEH, 17 (1992), 231. 2. Miller, Stephen. Hispania, 74 (1991), 888.

Ac41 Su único hijo, ed. José María Martínez Cachero, Colección Clásicos Taurus, 9 (Madrid: Taurus, 1991). 391 pp. Introd. (pp.9–45); Bibliography (pp.49–58); and two appendices: ‘Sinfonía de dos novelas (SUH. Una medianía)’ (pp.361–88) and ‘Juanito Reseco’ (pp.389–91). A fine annotated ed. based primarily on the 1st ed. (1891), with attention paid to the folletín (1900), Richmond (1:Ac33; and Ac35) and Oleza (Ac40). See also B834.

Ac42 Su único hijo, Obras selectas, I, ed. Álvaro Ruiz de la Peña, Colección ‘Grandes Autores Asturianos’ (Oviedo: Hércules-Astur de Ediciones, 1992). Ac43 *Su único hijo, Colección Clásicos de Siempre, 63 (Madrid: M.E., 1994). 303 pp. Ad SHORT STORY COLLECTIONS

Ad1

¡Adiós, Cordera!, La Novela de Papel, 7 (Barcelona: Bruguera, 1986). 64 pp. Anon., ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’ [1 p.]. Also contains ‘Doña Berta’ and ‘El cura de Vericueto’.

Ad2

*¡Adiós, Cordera!, ed. Elsa Aguiar, Colección El Paseo Literario (Madrid: SM, [1996]). 47 pp.

Ad3

¡Adiós, Cordera!. Doña Berta, Colección Todo Libro (Barcelona: Bruguera, 1982). 189 pp. (1:Ad40). Ilus. Blanca López.

25

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ad4

¡Adiós, Cordera! y lo demás son cuentos, ed. Pascual Izquierdo (1982) (1:Ad38). 3rd ed., 1985; 4th ed., 1987.

Ad5

¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos (1944) (1:Ad26). 13th printing, 1987; *1998, Colección Centenario.

Ad6

¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos, Moby Dick, Biblioteca de Bolsillo Junior, 132 (Barcelona: La Gaya Ciencia, 1981). 109 pp. Ilus. de Mariona Omedes. 1984 ed. (Barcelona: Juan Granica). Anon., ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” (1852–1901)’ (pp.5–8). Contents: ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Protesto’; ‘Un viejo verde’; ‘Un jornalero’; ‘Benedictino’; ‘La Ronca’.

Ad7

¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos, Colección Trébol (Madrid: Gaviota, 1987). 318 pp. Prol., by Miguel Ángel Arias (pp.7–22); Bibliography (pp.23–25). Contents: ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Avecilla’; ‘Un viejo verde’; ‘Las dos cajas’; ‘El entierro de la sardina’; ‘La Reina Margarita’; ‘El sustituto’; ‘Benedictino’; ‘La conversión de Chiripa’; ‘Pipá’; ‘La rosa de oro’; ‘El rey Baltasar’; ‘Dos sabios’. Annotated. See also B74.

Ad8

¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos, Colección Poesía y Prosa Popular, 103 (Madrid: Yerico, 1989). 361 pp. Prol., by Rosario de la Iglesia (pp.7–24). Contents: ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘La mosca sabia’; ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’; ‘Pipá’; ‘Un documento’; ‘Amor’ è furbo’; ‘Mi entierro’; ‘Doña Berta’; ‘Cuervo’; ‘Superchería’. See also B673.

Ad9

¡Adiós, Cordera!, y otros cuentos (Burgos: Diario de Burgos, 1991). 64 pp. Introd. (anon.) (pp.3–5). Contents: ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Un viejo verde’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘El sustituto’; ‘La imperfecta casada’; ‘La conversión de Chiripa’; ‘Mi entierro (Discurso de un loco)’.

Ad10 ¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos, Obras selectas, I, ed. Álvaro Ruiz de la Peña, Colección ‘Grandes Autores Asturianos’ (Oviedo: Hércules-Astur de Ediciones, 1992).

26

Primary Material Ad11 *¡Adiós, Cordera!, y otros cuentos, Biblioteca Alerta, 17 (Santander: Cantábrico de Prensa, 1993). 93 pp. Ad12 *¡Adiós, Cordera!, y otros cuentos, Colección Clásicos de Siempre, 66 (Madrid: M.E., 1994). 361 pp. Ad13 ¡Adiós, Cordera!, y otros relatos, ed. Francisco Muñoz Marquina, Serie Didáctica, 7 (Madrid: Editorial Burdeos, 1988). 186 pp. Introd. (pp.15–37). Chronology, notes, reading guides, criticism, supplementary texts, and activities. Contents: ‘Las dos cajas’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Un jornalero’; ‘El frío del Papa’; ‘Viaje redondo’; ‘La trampa’; ‘El gallo de Sócrates’; ‘En el tren’; ‘Manín de Pepa José’; ‘El viejo y la niña’. Rpts LA’s Prol. to Cuentos morales (pp.175–77); and Joaquín Marsillach’s story, ‘El entierro de un violín’ (1883), as a source for ‘Las dos cajas’ (pp.178–81). See also B938 and 1118.

Ad14 *¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros relatos, Colección Hoy Mi Novela, 8 (Madrid: Lucan, 1996). 96 pp. Ad15 Bola de sebo. Bartleby. Doña Berta (Maupassant. Melville. Clarín), Literatura Colección, 1 (Madrid: Sílex, 1989), pp.95–152. ‘En seis párrafos’, by Fernando Quiñones & Eleonor Domínguez (pp.9– 12). Review: 1. Anon. El Urogallo (M), 48 (May 1990), 94.

Ad16 El caballero de la mesa redonda y otros relatos, Biblioteca de El Sol, 266 (Madrid: Compañía Europea de Comunicación e Información, 1992). 94 pp. Introd. (anon.) (pp.5–8). Contents: ‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’; ‘“Flirtation” legítima’; ‘La tara’; ‘González Bribón’; ‘La Reina Margarita’.

Ad17 El centauro, Colección Popular de Literatura Universal, 34 (San José, Costa Rica: Editorial Costa Rica, 1977). 128 pp. Prol., by Víctor Julio Peralta (pp.7–13). Contents: ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘El centauro’; ‘Rivales’; ‘Protesto’; ‘La yernocracia’; ‘Cuento futuro’; ‘La rosa de oro’. See also B1034.

27

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ad18 Cuentos, Colección Sepan Cuantos, 449 (Mexico: Porrúa, 1984). 292 pp. Prol., by Guillermo de Torre (pp.ix–xviii); Cronología (pp.xix–xxv). Contents: ‘Pipá’; ‘Amor’ è furbo’; ‘Las dos cajas’; ‘Zurita’; ‘Doctor Sutilis’; ‘La mosca sabia’; ‘El doctor Pértinax’; ‘De la comisión’; ‘Doctor Angelicus’; ‘La perfecta casada’; ‘Medalla…de perro chico’; ‘Un candidato’; ‘El Rana’; ‘Un repatriado’; ‘Doble vía’; ‘El viejo y la niña’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘El centauro’; ‘Rivales’; ‘Protesto’; ‘La yernocracia’; ‘Un viejo verde’; ‘Cuento futuro’; ‘Un jornalero’; ‘Benedictino’; ‘La Ronca’; ‘La rosa de oro’; ‘El gallo de Sócrates’; ‘El rey Baltasar’; ‘Tirso de Molina’; ‘El Cristo de la Vega…de Ribadeo’; ‘Un voto’; ‘La médica’; ‘El pecado original’; ‘El sombrero del señor cura’; ‘Dos sabios’; ‘En la droguería’; ‘Aprensiones’; ‘En el tren’; ‘La fantasía de un Delegado de Hacienda’; ‘El entierro de la sardina’; ‘Reflejo’. See also B1424.

Ad19 Cuentos, ed. Antonio Ferraz Martínez, Biblioteca Anaya, 4 (Madrid: Ediciones Anaya, 1985). 151 pp. With Introd. (pp.7–23), Appendix (‘Estudio de la obra’) (pp.135–48), and Bibliography (pp.149–51). Annotated. Texts based on publication in story collections; and autograph ms. of ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’. Contents: ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘La Ronca’; ‘La conversión de Chiripa’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘El sustituto’; ‘Dos sabios’; ‘El entierro de la sardina’. See also B451–53.

Ad20 Cuentos, ed. Virgilio Ortega, Colección Grandes Autores Españoles del Siglo XX, 68 (Barcelona: Orbis, 1985). Reprinting, 1988. 153 pp. Nota del editor (p.9). Contents: ‘Pipá’; ‘Mi entierro’; ‘El Señor’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Benedictino’; ‘La conversión de Chiripa’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘La imperfecta casada’; ‘El sustituto’; ‘La Reina Margarita’; ‘El gallo de Sócrates’; ‘Dos sabios’; ‘El entierro de la sardina’; ‘Doctor Sutilis’; ‘El Rana’.

Ad21 Cuentos, Colección Aula, Biblioteca del Estudiante, 108 (Barcelona: Planeta, 1985). 184 pp. Contents: ‘El cura de Vericueto’; ‘Boroña’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘Vario’; ‘El frío del Papa’; ‘La trampa’; ‘El sustituto’; ‘La Reina Margarita’; ‘La Ronca’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘El Rana’.

28

Primary Material Ad22 Cuentos, ed. José María Martínez Cachero, Colección Clásicos Plaza y Janés, Biblioteca Crítica de Autores Españoles, 57 (Barcelona: Plaza y Janés, 1987). 372 pp. Introd. (pp.13–58). Annotated. Texts based on initial publication in story collections. Stories: ‘Pipá’; ‘Avecilla’; ‘Zurita’; ‘El Señor’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘Un jornalero’; ‘Boroña’; ‘La conversión de Chiripa’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘El Torso’; ‘La trampa’; ‘El sustituto’; ‘La Reina Margarita’; ‘En el tren’; ‘El rey Baltasar’; ‘El Rana’; ‘Manín de Pepa José’; ‘La guitarra’. Appendices: ‘Comentario de un texto representativo’, on ‘Pipá’ (pp.347–57); excerpts from Isidoro Fernández Flórez’s story, ‘La Nochebuena de Periquín’, a presumed model for ‘Pipá’ (pp.359–62); and fragments of three verbal portraits of LA by José Quevedo (1:B996), Rafael Altamira (1:B34), and Ulpiano Gómez (1:B502) (pp.363–69). See also B823 and 830. Reviews: 1. Fernández Insuela, Antonio. Los Cuadernos del Norte (O), 8, No.43 (July-Aug. 1987), 103–4. 2. Rad, José Manuel. La Voz de Asturias (O) (27.5.1987), 8.

Ad23 Cuentos, ed. Ricardo López Serrano, Colección Autores Zamoranos (Zamora: Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos ‘Florián de Ocampo’, 1994). 318 pp. ‘Estudio’ (pp.13–81). Stories: ‘Mi entierro’; ‘El hombre de los estrenos’; ‘Doña Berta’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘El sustituto’; ‘Cuento futuro’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘El entierro de la sardina’; ‘El rey Baltasar’; ‘La perfecta casada’. Also includes ‘Estudio del texto’ (pp.261–84); ‘Comentario de texto’ (on ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’) (pp.285– 304); ‘Temas para desarrollo’ (pp.305–9); and ‘Bibliografía’ (pp.311– 18). Some errors of fact. Introd. relies heavily on previous critics, especially Baquero Goyanes.

Ad24 *Cuentos, Colección Clásicos de la Literatura Universal (Barcelona: Mainer Til, 1995). 187 pp. *2nd ed. (Madrid: Club Cinco Estrellas, 1995). Ad25 Cuentos, ed. Ángeles Ezama, Biblioteca Clásica, 110 (Barcelona: Crítica, 1997). xcix + 424 pp. ‘El cuento a la luz de la novela’, by Gonzalo Sobejano (pp.ix–xxiv); ‘Prólogo’, by A.E. (pp.xxvii–xcix); Bibliografía (pp.401–14). Texts based on 1st ed. published collections, with consultation of journal publication. Stories: ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’; ‘Pipá’; ‘Mi entierro’; ‘El poeta-búho’; ‘Superchería’; ‘Cuervo’; ‘Doña Berta’; ‘¡Adiós,

29

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Cordera!’; ‘El Señor’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘La Ronca’; ‘Vario’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘El Quin’; ‘Viaje redondo’; ‘La contribución’; ‘El gallo de Sócrates’; ‘El oso mayor’; ‘Jorge’. With an Aparato crítico; Notas complementarias; Bibliografía; and Índice de Notas. Well-prepared, exhaustive critical ed. See also B407 and 1341.

Ad26 Cuentos, ed. Gerardo Gonzalo, Colección Clásicos Literarios-Colección Didáctica (Madrid: McGrawHill/Interamericana de España, 1997). 246 pp. Introducción, by Gerardo Gonzalo (pp.7–49). Contents: ‘Mi entierro’; ‘Un documento’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘El centauro’; ‘Para vicios’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘Cristales’; ‘El sustituto’; ‘El gallo de Sócrates’; ‘El rey Baltasar’; ‘El entierro de la sardina’; ‘Un repatriado’. Annotated. Texts based on Obras completas, II (Madrid: Turner, 1995). Includes exercises and themes; supplementary stories by Pardo Bazán and Baroja; ‘Texto comentado’, by G. Gonzalo (pp.219–21), on ‘El dúo de la tos’; rpts LA’s prologue to Cuentos morales (pp.232–35); and excerpt from Sobejano’s Clarín en su obra ejemplar (pp.244–46). See also B600 and 1340.

Ad27 Cuentos completos, 2 vols, ed. Carolyn Richmond (Madrid: Alfaguara, 2000). 551; 710 pp. Prol., by C.R. Bibliografía; Cuadro cronológico de los relatos; Las vírgenes locas, in toto. All the stories gathered for the first time. See also B1128.

Ad28 Cuentos morales, Libro Amigo, 891 (Barcelona: Bruguera, 1982). 318 pp. (1:Ad42) 2nd ed., 1986. Popular ed.

Ad29 Cuentos morales, Biblioteca Fundamental de Nuestro Tiempo, 43 (Madrid: Alianza/Club Internacional del Libro [distribuidor], 1984). 287 pp. 3rd ed. of the popular Alianza vol. (1:Ad11).

Ad30 Cuentos morales, Colección Trazos, 2 (Barcelona: Bígaro Ediciones, 1997). 199 pp.

30

Primary Material LA’s Prologue (pp.5–7). Rpts fifteen of the twenty-eight orig. stories: ‘Boroña’; ‘La conversión de Chiripa’; ‘El número uno’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘El Torso’; ‘Cristales’; ‘El frío del Papa’; ‘León Benavides’; ‘El Quin’; ‘La trampa’; ‘El sustituto’; ‘El señor Isla’; ‘Snob’; ‘“Flirtation” legítima’; ‘La Reina Margarita’.

Ad31 Cuentos del 98: Clarín, Noel, Pérez de Ayala y Salaverría, Colección [Cuentos de Autores Españoles], 12 (Madrid: Libros Clan, [1997]). 213 pp. Prólogo, by José María Parreño (pp.5–7). Ilus. Marina Arespacochaga. Stories: ‘Benedictino’; ‘Manín de Pepa José’; ‘El Quin’; ‘Dos sabios’ (pp.11–85).

Ad32 Cuesta abajo y otros relatos inconclusos, ed. Laura Rivkin, Biblioteca Júcar, 89 (Madrid: Júcar, 1985). 314 pp. Introd. (pp.9–18); Bibliografía (pp.19–26); Prol. (pp.29–81). Ed. based on initial publication, with reference to later eds. L.R. discusses the preProustian ‘Cuesta abajo’; the relationship of ‘Palomares’ and ‘Tambor y gaita’ to LR; that of ‘Sinfonía de dos novelas’ and ‘Speraindeo’ to SUH; LA’s role in the collectively authored Las vírgenes locas and his attitude toward melodrama. Contents: ‘Cuesta abajo’; ‘Palomares’; ‘Tambor y gaita’; ‘Sinfonía de dos novelas’; ‘Speraindeo’. Appendix: ‘Las vírgenes locas’. Reviews: 1. García-Posada, Miguel. ABC (M) (29.11.1986), iv. 2. Richmond, Carolyn. HR, 55 (1987), 390–92. 3. Valis, Noël. BHS (Liverpool), 64 (1987), 380–81.

Ad33 El diablo en Semana Santa y otros relatos, Colección Libros de Mejor Vista, 8 (Sevilla: Ediciones Alfar, 1990). 71 pp. Contents: ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’; ‘Boroña’; ‘El número uno’; ‘Para vicios’; ‘La imperfecta casada’.

Ad34 Doce cuentos, Colección Crisol, 47, Serie especial (Madrid: Aguilar, 1984). 335 pp. Nota del Editor (anon.) (pp.9–16). Contents: ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’; ‘Amor’ è furbo’; ‘Mi entierro’; ‘Un viejo verde’; ‘La Ronca’; ‘Benedictino’; ‘Cristales’; ‘Vario’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘Aprensiones’; ‘El gallo de Sócrates’.

31

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ad35 Doña Berta, Biblioteca de El Sol, 91 (Madrid: Compañía Europea de Comunicación e Información, 1991). 95 pp. Ad36 Doña Berta. Avecilla. Pipá (Barcelona: Planeta, 1983). 250 pp. The 2nd ed. of Una novela y ocho cuentos (1983) (1:Ad44).

Ad37 Doña Berta. Cuervo. Superchería (1988): See Ac39. Ad38 Doña Berta y otro relato, Series Relato Corto – Aguilar, 18 (Madrid: Aguilar, 1995). 78 pp. ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”, el profesor y el escritor’ (anon.) (pp.5–6). Contents: ‘Doña Berta’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’. Annotated.

Ad39 Doña Berta y otros cuentos, Grandes Genios de la Literatura Universal, 74 (Madrid: Promoción y Ediciones, 1984). 182 pp. *(Madrid: Club Internacional del Libro, División Coleccionables, 1998). Contents: ‘Doña Berta’; ‘El Señor’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘El centauro’; ‘Rivales’; ‘Protesto’; ‘La yernocracia’; ‘Un viejo verde’; ‘Cuento futuro’.

Ad40 Las dos cajas, Doña Berta y otros relatos, ed. Miguel Ángel Lozano [Marco], Colección Aljibe, 3 (Alicante: Editorial Aguaclara, 1988). 157 pp. *2nd ed., 1997. 150 pp. Introd. (pp.7–22). Annotated. Text based on first publication in story collections. Contents: ‘Las dos cajas’; ‘Doña Berta’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘El Quin’; ‘El entierro de la sardina’. With an insert from Aljibe No. 3/Taller, by Nemesio Martín (see B815).

Ad41 El dúo de la tos y otros relatos, Biblioteca de El Sol, 158 (Madrid: Compañía Europea de Comunicación e Información, 1991). 93 pp. Introd. (anon.) (pp.5–7). Contents: ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘Vario’; ‘La imperfecta casada’; ‘Un grabado’; ‘El Torso’; ‘Cristales’; ‘Don Urbano’; ‘El frío del Papa’; ‘León Benavides’.

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Primary Material Ad42 La fantasía de un delegado de Hacienda y otros cuentos (Madrid: [Lerner Printing], 1986). (Edición no venal). 141 pp. Contents: ‘El gallo de Sócrates’; ‘El rey Baltasar’; ‘Tirso de Molina’; ‘El Cristo de la Vega…de Ribadeo’; ‘Un voto’; ‘La médica’; ‘El pecado original’; ‘El sombrero del señor cura’; ‘Dos sabios’; ‘En la droguería’; ‘Aprensiones’; ‘En el tren’; ‘La fantasía de un delegado de Hacienda’; ‘El entierro de la sardina’; ‘Reflejo’.

Ad43 Leopoldo Alas ‘Clarín’. ‘Vario’… y varia: Clarín a través de cinco cuentos suyos, ed. Carolyn Richmond, Colección Las Babas del Diablo & Colección Tratados de Crítica Literaria, A25 (Madrid: Editorial Orígenes, 1990). 250 pp. A study of five stories – ‘Vario’ (in two versions, from El Imparcial [5.3.1894] and Cuentos morales [1896]); ‘Un documento’; ‘La Ronca’; ‘Rivales’ (based on 1:Ad39); ‘Las dos cajas’ (from Pipá [1886]) – and Joaquín Marsillach’s ‘El entierro de un violín’, all rptd. See also B1113, 1117–18, 1120, 1122, and 1130. Review: 1. Valis, Noël. LetP, 7, No.1 (Spring 1994), 374–75.

Ad44 *Mi entierro (Discurso de un loco). El hombre de los estrenos, ed. Isabelle Bleton & Carmen Val Julián, Collection Référence, 11 (Paris: Ellipses [Marketing], 1992). 63 pp. Text in Spanish; with vocabulary and grammar explanations.

Ad45 Narraciones breves, ed. Yvan Lissorgues, Colección Autores, Textos y Temas. Literatura, 7 (Barcelona: Anthropos, 1989). 367 pp. ‘Estudio preliminar. Las narraciones breves de Leopoldo Alas’, by Y.L. (pp.7–42). With bibliography, glossary and chronology. Annotated. Texts ‘proceden de diversas ediciones’. Contents: ‘La mosca sabia’; ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’; ‘Un documento’; ‘Mi entierro (Discurso de un loco)’; ‘Zurita’; ‘Corriente’; ‘Un jornalero’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘La rosa de oro’; ‘Boroña’; ‘Vario’; ‘El cura de Vericueto’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘El Quin’; ‘Viaje redondo’; ‘La contribución (Tragicomedia en cuatro escenas)’; ‘El gallo de Sócrates’; ‘El entierro de la sardina’; ‘Un voto’; ‘Un repatriado’; ‘Reflejo’. ‘Corriente’ (publ. in La Opinión [M], 1886) is rptd for the first time; see also B724 and B726.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ad46 Pipá, ed. Antonio Ramos-Gascón (1976) (1:Ad2). 8th ed., 1986.

Ad47 Pipá, Obras selectas, I, ed. Álvaro Ruiz de la Peña, Colección ‘Grandes Autores Asturianos’ (Oviedo: Hércules-Astur de Ediciones, 1992). Ad48 Pipá. Doña Berta. Cuervo. Superchería. El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos. Cuentos morales. El gallo de Sócrates, O.C., II, ed. Santos Sanz Villanueva, Biblioteca Castro (Madrid: Turner, 1995). 915 pp. Introd. (pp.ix–xl). Based on first eds of the texts. See also B1291.

Ad49 Relatos breves, ed. Rafael Rodríguez Marín, Castalia Didáctica, 16 (Madrid: Castalia, 1986). 292 pp. Introd. (pp.17–30); and ‘Orientaciones para el estudiante de los Relatos breves de “Clarín”’, by R.R.M. (pp.279–92). With a chronological schema, select bibliography, notes and commentary. Texts based on first-time publication in collections. Intended for the pre-university Spanish student. Stories: ‘Doña Berta’; ‘Zurita’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘Benedictino’; ‘La conversión de Chiripa’; ‘El Quin’; ‘Dos sabios’; ‘Manín de Pepa José’. See also B1182 and 1184. Reviews: 1. Rutherford, John. MLR, 84 (1989), 1012–13. 2. Valis, Noël. BHS (Liverpool), 65 (1988), 309.

Ad50 El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos, ed. Gonzalo Sobejano, Colección Austral, A43 (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1988). 235 pp. 8th ed., 1998. Introd. (pp.9–37). G.S. reproduces the 1st ed., thus restoring the previously censored ‘El Señor’ to the Austral ed. (1:Ad26). Annotated. Stories: ‘El Señor’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘El centauro’; ‘Rivales’; ‘Protesto’; ‘La yernocracia’; ‘Un viejo verde’; ‘Cuento futuro’; ‘Un jornalero’; ‘Benedictino’; ‘La Ronca’; ‘La rosa de oro’. See also B1345. Reviews: 1. Dendle, Brian. La Verdad (Ediciones de Murcia, Alicante y Albacete) (29.10.1988). 2. Díez de Revenga, Francisco Javier. Monteagudo (Univ. de Murcia), No.6 (1988), 25–26.

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Primary Material Ad51 El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos, Colección Poesía y Prosa Popular, 102 (Madrid: Yerico, 1989). 329 pp. Prol., by Rosario de la Iglesia (pp.7–24). Contents: ‘El Señor’; ‘Rivales’; ‘La Ronca’; ‘Un viejo verde’; ‘Benedictino’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘Vario’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘La Reina Margarita’; ‘La imperfecta casada’; ‘Cristales’; ‘La noche-mala del diablo’; ‘El frío del Papa’; ‘Viaje redondo’; ‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’; ‘El gallo de Sócrates’; ‘Reflejo’; ‘Aprensiones’; ‘Dos sabios’; ‘El entierro de la sardina’; ‘Doctor Sutilis’; ‘El viejo y la niña’; ‘La perfecta casada’. See also B674.

Ad52 *El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos, Colección Clásicos de Siempre, 65 (Madrid: M.E., 1994). 329 pp. Ad53 *Superchería, Colección Clásicos, 3 (Guadalajara: Patronato Municipal de Cultura, [1995]). 97 pp. Ad54 Superchería, Cuervo, Doña Berta (1970) (1:Ad6). 3rd ed., 1984. Ad55 Superchería y otras narraciones, Biblioteca Popular de Cultura Universal, 1. Cuentos españoles (Managua: Nueva Nicaragua, 1984). 304 pp. ‘Nota introductoria’ (pp.7–17), by Lilliam de la Fuente Martín. Contents: ‘Superchería’; ‘Cuervo’; ‘La mosca sabia’; ‘Las dos cajas’; ‘El sombrero del señor cura’; ‘Amor’ è furbo’; ‘Doble vía’; ‘Doctor Sutilis’; ‘Doctor Angelicus’; ‘Boroña’; ‘Avecilla’; ‘Un repatriado’; ‘El viejo y la niña’; ‘Zurita’. See also B478.

Ad56 *Superchería y otros relatos (La Habana: Editorial Arte y Literatura, 1984). 300 pp. Ad57 Treinta relatos, ed. Carolyn Richmond (1983) (1:Ad39). 3rd ed., 1995. Reviews: 1. Antolín, Enriqueta. Cambio 16 (M), No.615 (12.9.1983), 95. 2. Botrel, Jean-François. AGald, 21 (1986), 299–300. 3. García Sarriá, Francisco. BHS (Liverpool), 63 (1986), 106–7. 4. López [-Barxas], Francisco. Argumentos (M), No.58 (1983), 72.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ad58 Vá de cuentos, Series, 16 ([Madrid]: Almacenes Generales de Papel, 1984). 68 pp. Ilus. Carlos Fernández de los Ríos; diseño de Fernando Suero de Escobedo. Includes ‘Zurita’ (pp.8–41); and ‘Cuervo’ (pp.44–68). Ae PLAYS

Ae1

‘La Millonaria’, El Noroeste (Gijón) (No. extraordinario) (19.8.1897). Prints Scene 1, Act 1, of a theatrical work evidently unfinished.

Ae2

*Anon., ‘Teresa de Clarín’, La Publicidad (B) (18.6.1895). A fragment. Af CORRESPONDENCE

I Published Correspondence Af1

To Rafael Altamira [y Crevea] (1:Af1): in B79, p.51. Letter dated 16.10.1893, Oviedo.

Af2

To Ramón de Campoamor: in B476, pp.667–81. One letter is dated 5.12.1871; the other two are from the same period, concerning employment for LA’s brother Adolfo. Also rpts autographs.

Af3

To Sinesio Delgado: in B206, pp.11–50. On stories and articles written for Madrid Cómico, requests for more money from S.D. (director of MC), improvements for the journal, etc. See also 1:Af7.

Af4

To Viriato Díaz-Pérez: in B358, p.3; and Mis amigos (Microarchivo), ed. Rodrigo Díaz-Pérez (Palma de Mallorca: Luis Ripoll-Editor, 1981), p.38. In a letter dated 16.11.1900, LA talks about publishing Sánchez Calvo’s writings. See also Af25.

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Primary Material Af5

To Fernando Fe, & Manuel Fernández Lasanta (1:Af8–9): in Clarín y sus editores, ed. Josette Blanquat & JeanFrançois Botrel. Reviews: 1. Arce, Evaristo. La Nueva España (O) (20.9.1981), 10. 2. García Sarriá, Francisco. BHS (Liverpool), 62 (1985), 207–9.

Af6

To Ataúlfo Friera [pseud.: Tarfe]: in El Comercio (Gijón) (28.3.1895), [2]. LA defends himself against critics of Teresa. See also B468.

Af7

To Francisco Giner de los Ríos: in B567, pp.475–78. Letter dated 20.10.1887, on LA’s writings and spiritual yearnings.

Af8

To Francisco Giner de los Ríos: in B566, pp.1070–71. A letter (27.9.1888) from LA, Adolfo Posada and Adolfo Álvarez Buylla recommending Julián Orbón for a teaching position at Oviedo.

Af9

To José Martínez Ruiz [pseud.: Azorín]: in B1144, p.35. Letters dated 13.1.1897 (also in B1142, p.204); 16.4.1900 (also in 1:Af12); 13.2.1899; and 8.11.1898 (?): on literary relations between LA and M.R.

Af10 To José Martínez Ruiz [pseud.: Azorín]: in B1142, p.209. On the problematical (i.e., unreliable) nature of Alejandro Lerroux, director of El Progreso (M) (31.1.1901).

Af11 To Ramón Martínez Vigil (1:Af13): in Madrid Político, 1, No.17 (28.5.1885), 3, 6; Ac25, pp.xviii–xxi; B302, pp.94– 96; B1410, pp.338–44; and B1593, pp.1–2. LA’s well-known letter to the Bishop of Oviedo on LR (11.5.1885).

Af12 To Antonio Maura (1:Af14): in Maximiano García Venero’s Melquíades Álvarez: historia de un liberal (Madrid: Alhambra, 1954), pp.91–92. 2nd ed. (Madrid: Tebas, 1974), pp.93–94. On fraudulent elections.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Af13 To Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo: in Epistolario. Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo, II, III, VI, VII, IX, XI–XXV, ed. Manuel Revuelta Sañudo (Madrid: Fundación Universitaria Española, 1982–87). See: II:217–21, III:235–36, VI:31, 42–43, VII:16–17, 109–10, 439–40, IX:134–39, 384–86, XI:27–28, 158, 234, 253–54, 325, 344–45, 381– 83, 455, XII:76–77, 158–60, 164–65, 167–70, 181–82, 251, 305–6, 449–50, XIII: 62–63, 318–19, 515–17, 557, XIV: 209, 337–38, 350–51, 374, and XV: 346–47. Most of these letters appeared in 1:Af17, 1:B15, 1:B16, and 1:B728. See also B1109 and 1306.

Af14 To Emilia Pardo Bazán: in Cartas inéditas a Emilia Pardo Bazán (1878–1883), ed. Ana María Freire López (La Coruña: Fundación Pedro Barrié de la Maza, Conde de Fenosa, 1991), pp.144–45. Undated (1883?). LA talks about Palacio Valdés’s Marta y María; Valera’s article, ‘Metafísica a la ligera’; religion; and Mariano de Cavia’s rev. of P.B.’s La cuestión palpitante.

Af15 To Luis París: in B201, pp.174–84. Ten letters written between 1892 and 1895, to a fellow journalist in need of moral and practical support from the influential LA.

Af16 To Benito Pérez Galdós: in “Fortunata y Jacinta” de Benito Pérez Galdós, ed. Germán Gullón (Madrid: Taurus, 1986), p.23. Extracts of LA’s epistolary comments on Fortunata y Jacinta (see 1:Af24).

Af17 To Jacinto Octavio Picón: in B302, pp.259–61. Dated 19.3.1885. See also 1:Af25; and 1:B47.

Af18 To José Posada Herrera: in B819, pp.405–8. Six letters, from 10.3.1882 to 11.7.1883, in which LA manoeuvers for a position at the Univ. de Oviedo through the good offices of Posada Herrera, a liberal Asturian politician.

Af19 To Miguel Ramos Carrión: in B303, pp.228–29; and B1148, pp.833–34, 838. Short response to R.C.’s thank you for a favourable article in Madrid Cómico (dated 19.4.1893, Oviedo).

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Primary Material Af20 To Bernardo Rodríguez, & Luis Ruiz de Velasco: in Madrid Cómico, No.791 (16.4.1898), 298. LA gratefully accepts the editorship of Madrid Cómico (9.4.1898).

Af21 To Salvador Rueda [y Santos]: in B857, pp.1084–88. Four letters dated 26.1.1887, 3.1.;29.1.1888, and undated (possibly 1888), discussed and publ. by M.G. Martínez Martínez. LA’s depression and disillusionment are evident: ‘No creo en mí a estas fechas y me voy haciendo viejo…’ Autographs are in Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 21.373.31–34.

Af22 To Luis Ruiz de Velasco: See Bernardo Rodríguez. Af23 To Eduardo Serrano y Branat: in B818, pp.516–18. These letters were orig. published in El Correo de Asturias (O) (14.11.1895), along with a disclaimer from El Correo’s staff.

Af24 To José Zorrilla [y Moral]: in B237, pp.231–33. Two letters, dated 20.11.1884 (also in 1:Af34 and 1:B240, but erroneously dated) and 2.5.1885, in which LA reiterates his admiration for Z. and his indignation over Parliament’s neglect of the poet’s pension.

II Unpublished Correspondence Af25 *To Viriato Díaz-Pérez: in Colección Viriato Díaz-Pérez, Library, Univ. of California-Riverside, Caja 12. Letter dated 4.2.1900, on Sánchez Calvo (see Af4).

Af26 To José María Estevan: in Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 21.373.35. Letter dated 5.9.1887, Salinas. LA thanks J.M.E. and his newspaper for favourably announcing his latest folleto literario; and notes that it is not his practice to make a ‘crítica de su crítica’. Cited in B302.

Af27 To M. Alonso y Orera: in Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 21.373.38. Dated 6.2.1896, according to catalogue citation (which misreads Orera as Orive) (B302), but appears to be 1890, in this letter of unclear context.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Af28 To Salvador Rueda [y Santos]: See Af21. Af29 To Antonio Sánchez Ramón: in Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 21.373.37. Incorrect citation in catalogue (B302), which gives Román instead of Ramón, says letter is to LA, and gives date as 1.5.1892 (Oviedo), rather than, as is more likely, 1.3 [or 5].1893. LA asks S.R. why his old friend does not write for the Madrid papers as well as the local newspapers; LA writes so many articles and so few novels because he has three children to feed.

Af30 To Eduardo Sojo (?) [Director of Don Quijote]: in Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 21.373.36. Cited in catalogue (B302) as 29.1.1889, but I read 21.1.1889. At top, annotation: ‘Para la colección de Sánchez Calvo’. LA thanks the director for copies of No.64 (69?) of Don Quijote (M), in which a favourable rev. of Mezclilla appears (see Af27).

Af31 To Federico Urrecha: in Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 21.373.39. Cited in catalogue (B302) as Urrutia, not Urrecha. Undated letter (possibly Feb. or Mar. 1892), attached to one of LA’s revistas literarias (7.3.1892). LA writes that the article is ‘un poquito largo’ and gives U. leave to correct the proofs himself.

Ag PROLOGUES

Ag1

Carlyle, Thomas, Los héroes (1:Ag5–6). Extracted as ‘Breve noticia sobre la vida y obra de Carlyle’, in Historia de la revolución francesa, by T.C. (Buenos Aires: Joaquín Gil, Editor, 1946), pp.xvii–xxi. Sections of LA’s prologue to Los héroes were refashioned posthumously for this introd. to the Historia. See also B1459 for more details.

Ag2

Jhering, Rudolf von, La lucha por el derecho (1:Ag11). Trans. Adolfo Posada. Presentación de Luis Díez-Picazo,

40

Primary Material Colección Cuadernos Cívitas, 1 (Madrid: Cívitas, 1985), pp.21–56. Rpts 1st Spanish ed. (1881).

Ag3

Pardo Bazán, Emilia, La cuestión palpitante (1:Ag17). Extracted in B302, pp.152–53; rpt. in La cuestión palpitante, ed. José Manuel González Herrán (Barcelona: Anthropos/Univ. de Santiago de Compostela, 1989), pp.123–34. Annotated.

Ag4

Rodó, José Enrique, Ariel (1:Ag22). Rpt. in El Cojo Ilustrado (Caracas), No.214 (15.11.1900), 698–700, 702; *Ariel (Montevideo: Dornaleche y Reyes, 1900); Ariel (Valencia: F. Sempere y Cía, n.d. [1908?]), pp.vii–xiv; *Ariel (Montevideo/Barcelona: José María Serrano/Henrich y Cía, 1911); *Ariel (Valencia: Gutenberg, 1920); *Ariel, Biblioteca Filosófica y Social (Valencia: Prometeo, n.d.); Ariel, 6th ed., Selecciones Austral A216 (Madrid: EspasaCalpe, 1991), 25–35; and extracted in Antonio Gallego Morell’s Gran Enciclopedia de España y América, VIII. Literatura (Madrid: Gela/Espasa-Calpe/Argantonio, 1985), p.161.

Ag5

Tolstoy, Leo, Resurrección (1:Ag24). Rpt. in B735, pp.198–205.

Ag6

Zola, Émile, Nana (Madrid: Alfredo de Carlos Hierro, Editor, 1880), pp.5–12. Rpt. in B1236, pp.69–74. Signed ‘Z’, this preface (‘Al lector’) is attributed to LA by Simone Saillard (see B1236).

Ag7

Zola, Émile, Trabajo (1:Ag25). Rpt. in Aj3, pp.9–18; and Aj5, pp.147–54.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ah REPRINTS

I Stories Ah1

*‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, in El Pueblo (Valencia) (10; 17.6.1895).

Ah2

‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, in El Noroeste (Gijón), 5, No.1551 (15.6.1901), [1].

Ah3

‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, in Páginas literarias (n.p.: n.d.), unpag. [4 pp.]. Printed with Serafín & Joaquín Álvarez Quintero’s ‘La Pena’. Ilus. de Alonso.

Ah4

‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, in Lecturas (B), 7, No.69 (Feb. 1927), 158–64.

Ah5

‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, in Escritores españoles (Antología), ed. Constantino Suárez (Españolito) (Barcelona: Juventud, 1933), pp.208–10. Excerpt.

Ah6

‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, in Cuentos españoles, ed. Enrique A. Laguerre (Mexico: Orión, 1968), pp.45–59. Commentary (pp.58–59).

Ah7

‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, in B302, pp.68–71.

Ah8

‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, in Cuentos del realismo y del naturalismo, ed. Francisco Muñoz Marquina, Colección Clásicos Edelvives, 8 (Zaragoza: Editorial Luis Vives, 1990), pp.135–47.

Ah9

‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, in Literatura española. Una antología, II. De 1700 hasta la actualidad, ed. David William Foster (New York: Garland, 1995), pp.316–25. Annotated.

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Primary Material Ah10 ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, in Panoramas literarios. España, ed. Beverly Mayne Kienzle & Teresa Méndez-Faith (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1998), pp.243–50. Annotated.

Ah11 ‘Boroña’, in Asturias (M), 2, No.12 (Mar. 1952), 10–11. Ah12 ‘Boroña’, in Asturias, III, ed. Octavio Bellmunt y Traver & Fermín Canella y Secades. Ed. facsímil (Gijón: Silverio Cañada, Editor, 1987), pp.505–7. See also 1:Ah16.

Ah13 ‘Corriente’, in Ad45, pp.157–72; and B724, pp.34–43. Orig. publ. in La Opinión (M), Nos 165, 168, 179 (13, 18, 19.10.1886).

Ah14 ‘Cuento futuro’, in De la luna a Mecanópolis. Antología de la ciencia ficción española (1832–1913), ed. Nil SantiáñezTió, Colección Biblioteca Mayor, 19 (Barcelona: Quaderns Crema, 1995), pp.153–83. Ah15 ‘Cuesta abajo’, in ABC (M) (15.12.1984), iv–v. Excerpt.

Ah16 ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’, in B302, pp.72–78. Ah17 ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’, in Ac13, pp.877–87. Ah18 ‘Doctor Angelicus’, in B302, pp.80–83. Ah19 ‘El dúo de la tos’, in Cuentos del realismo y del naturalismo (see Ah8), pp.149–56. Ah20 ‘El gallo de Sócrates’, in El Cojo Ilustrado (Caracas), No.256 (15.8.1902), 504–5. Ah21 ‘El gallo de Sócrates’, in Antología de humoristas españoles del siglo I al XX, ed. José García Mercadal (Madrid: Aguilar, 1957), pp.779–81.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ah22 ‘El gallo de Sócrates’, in Puro Cuento (Buenos Aires), 1, No.4 (May-June 1987), 12–13. Ah23 ‘La guitarra’, in Almanaque asturiano de El Carbayón para 1897 (Oviedo: Imp. de Pardo, Gusano y Cía, 1896), pp.20– 25. Orig. publ. in El Imparcial (M) (23.11.1896). See 1:B627.

Ah24 ‘Juanito Reseco’, in Ac41, pp.389–91. Orig. published as ‘Notas para un libro (Moreno Nieto)’, in *Gil Blas (M) (5.3.1882), 90–91.

Ah25 ‘Malos humores (diálogo y no platónico)’, in B404, pp.802–3. Orig. in *Arte Moderno (Valencia), 2, No.7 (7.1.1900), 52–53.

Ah26 ‘Una medianía’, in Ac35, pp.329–58. Ah27 ‘Una medianía’, in Ac40, pp.515–59. Ah28 ‘Una medianía’, in Ac41, pp.361–88. Ah29 ‘La médica’, in Antología de humoristas españoles del siglo I al XX (see Ah21), pp.781–85. Ah30 ‘Mi entierro’, in Relatos de hace un siglo, ed. Mercedes Iglesias (Madrid: Editorial Popular, 1987), pp.50–64. Ah31 ‘La noche-mala del diablo’, Prosa española moderna y contemporánea (1:Ah33). 2nd ed. (Madrid: [Jura], 1947). Excerpt.

Ah32 ‘El número uno’, in El Cojo Ilustrado (Caracas), No.84 (15.6.1895), 358, 360. Ah33 ‘El número uno’, in En contacto. Lecturas intermedias, 3rd ed., ed. Mary McVey Gill, Brenda Wegmann, & Teresa

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Primary Material Méndez-Faith (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1988), pp.86–89. Abridged and slightly modernized.

Ah34 ‘El oso mayor’, in B405, pp.43–48; also in Ad25. Orig. publ. in La Correspondencia de España (M) (26.3.1898).

Ah35 ‘Pipá’, in ‘Una vieja y continua tentación’, *ABC (M) (28.2.1987). Rpt. in Spain. Boletín Cultural, No.65 (Mar. 1987), 62–64. Excerpt. Ah36 ‘Pipá’, in B477, pp.338–41. Excerpt. Commentary by J.M. Martínez Cachero (pp.341–47).

Ah37 ‘El Rana’, in Cambio 16 (M) (Suplemento), No.871 (8.8.1988), xviii–xxi. Ah38 ‘Un repatriado’, in Asturias (M), 4, No.35 (Mar.–Apr. 1954), 15–17. Ah39 ‘Romano’, in B332, pp.294–301. With notes by L.A. de Cuenca.

Ah40 ‘Sinfonía de dos novelas’: See ‘Una medianía’. Ah41 ‘El sombrero del señor cura’, in El Cojo Ilustrado (Caracas), No.263 (1.12.1902), 733–35. Ah42 ‘El sombrero del señor cura’, in Antología de humoristas españoles del siglo I al XX (see Ah21), pp.785–90. Ah43 ‘Speraindeo’, in Ac35, pp.359–81. Ah44 ‘Superchería’, in Por Esos Mundos (M), No.2 (10.1.1926), n. pag. [29 pp.]. Ah45 ‘Tarde y con daño’, in La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (20.6.1985), n. pag. Orig. in *La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (12.1.1896). See also B374.

45

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ah46 ‘El viejo y la niña’, in Asturamérica (O), 2a época, 2, No.20 (Oct. 1955), n. pag. [2 pp.]. Ah47 *Four Spanish Short Stories from the Nineteenth Century, ed. A. López Pujal. European Audio Classics. Cassette pack, 1990. Two audio cassettes and booklet containing texts with English Introd. and Spanish-English vocabulary. Stories by Alarcón, Fernán Caballero, Pardo Bazán, and Clarín.

II Parts of Novels Ah48 ‘Ana’, in Papeles Cine (Casa Municipal de Cultura, Avilés), 4, No.19–C (June 1984), 80. Excerpt from Ch. I of LR.

Ah49 La Regenta, in Ac35, pp.382–83. Excerpt from Ch. XX.

III Poetry Ah50 ‘A la memoria de Gonzalo Castañón’, in B1468, pp.34–36. Orig. in Corona literaria a la memoria de Gonzalo Castañón (Oviedo, 1871).

Ah51 ‘La aldea. El cacique’, in B590, p.33. A satiric poem, orig. in El Solfeo (M), No.304 (7.8.1876); also in 1:Ab28.

Ah52 ‘Carne de crítico’, in B200, pp.116–17. Orig. in Militares y Paisanos (Supl. to La Correspondencia Militar) (M), 1, No.1 (1.1.1896), 3. See also Aj17.

Ah53 ‘Córdoba’, in B1430, pp.203–4. Orig. in La Gran Vía (M) (13.1.1895).

Ah54 ‘Fragmentos de un incendio’, in B1430, p.205. Orig. in La Gran Vía (M) (13.1.1895).

46

Primary Material Ah55 ‘Hombre al agua. Al Sr. D. Pedro A. Alarcón’, in Revista de Aragón (1878–1880), ed. José-Carlos Mainer. Ed. microfotográfica (Teruel: Instituto de Estudios Turolenses [CSIC], [1989]), Microfiche, Año 3, No.516 (15– 30.3.1880). Orig. in Revista de Aragón (Zaragoza), 3, No.5 (15.3.1880), 75.

Ah56 *‘Libertad perdida’, in Los mejores sonetos de España y América, ed. Narciso Díaz de Escovar (Barcelona: Maucci, n.d.), p.15. Ah57 ‘Noche Buena’, in B1467, p.203. Orig. in El Huracán!! Almanaque diabólico para el año de 1877 (M), 1876, pp.128–29.

Ah58 ‘Palique’, in Un siglo de poesía satírico-burlesca periodística (1832–1932), ed. José Luis R. de la Flor (Madrid: Ediciones de la Torre, 1993), pp.186–89. Satiric verses addressed to Enrique de la Vega, orig. in Madrid Cómico. Possibly rpt. also in *B1488.

Ah59 ‘¡Piano! … Poeta (vamos al decir)’, in B483, p.15. The first signed Clarín piece (El Solfeo [M], No.6 [11.4.1875]); also in 1:Ab28.

Ah60 ‘Pulso la lira, y en las cuerdas de oro’, in B194, p.98. Orig. in La Ilustración Gallega y Asturiana (M), 1, No.16 (10.6.1879), 189. Also in 1:B744.

Ah61 ‘Revista del año cómico (1875 a 1876)’, in B1467, pp.198– 202. Orig. in Almanaque diabólico para 1877 (M), 1876, pp.33–35, 38–39, 42.

Ah62 ‘De la torre’, in B1430, pp.205–6. Orig. in La Gran Vía (M) (13.1.1895).

47

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ah63 ‘Vejeces’, in Asturias (M), 4a época, 28, No.314 (Sept. 1911), 137; and in B404, p.793. Orig. in Los Apuntes (M), 1, No.8 (1894). See also Aj19.

IV Criticism Ah64 ‘Afinidades electivas’, in B766, p.94; and in Ab5, I, p.392. Orig. in El Socialista (M) (1.5.1899), 2.

Ah65 ‘Breves’, in B1386, pp.242–44. First publ. in *Las Noticias (B) (7.3.1900). On Tolstoy’s Resurrection and Menéndez y Pelayo’s Antología de poetas líricos castellanos, IX.

Ah66 ‘Un buen propósito. Una Liga Literaria HispanoPortuguesa’, in Ab15, pp.203–7; and B1452, pp.790–91. Orig. in El Porvenir (M), 1 (7.9.1882), 1–2.

Ah67 ‘Un buen propósito. Una Liga Literaria Hispano-Portuguesa (Conclusión)’, in Ab15, pp.208–11; and B1452, pp.791–92. Orig. in El Porvenir (M) (13.9.1882), 1–2.

Ah68 ‘Como gustéis’, in B746, pp.99–101. From El Pueblo (Valencia) (9.7.1900).

Ah69 ‘Las costas de Asturias’, in B485, pp.9, 11, 6, 14. From La Ilustración Cantábrica (M) (18.7.1882) (and possibly also El Día [M]).

Ah70 ‘La cuestión obrera en Gijón’, in B837, pp.658–71. Ah71 ‘De fuera’, in Ab17, pp.181–85; and B1463, pp.162–67. Orig. in Miscelánea (M), 1, No.50 (28.10.1900), 541–43.

Ah72 ‘De fuera’, in Ab17, pp.191–95; and B1463, pp.172–76. Orig. in Miscelánea (M), 1, No.57 (16.12.1900), 625–26.

Ah73 ‘De fuera’, in Ab17, pp.186–90; and B1463, pp.167–72. First appeared in Miscelánea (M), 1, No.53 (18.11.1900), 577–78.

48

Primary Material Ah74 ‘La desheredada’, in B302, pp.154–59. Ah75 ‘Del estilo en la novela’, in B302, pp.203–17. Ah76 ‘España contemporánea de Rubén Darío’, in B346, pp.317–20. Orig. ‘Revista mínima’, *La Publicidad (B) (7.4.1901).

Ah77 ‘Los futuros’, in *La Publicidad (B) (14.10.1898);*El Pueblo (Valencia) (15.10.1898); Ab5, pp. 467–73 (I); and B735, pp.191–94. Orig. in El Globo (M) (12.10.1898). Also goes by title, ‘La regeneración en España. Opinión de Don Leopoldo Alas Clarín’.

Ah78 ‘Instantáneas. Marineda’, in B22, p.227. Orig. in *Las Provincias (Valencia) (7.7.1892). Harsh criticism of Pardo Bazán’s Cuentos de Marineda.

Ah79 ‘El libre examen y nuestra literatura presente’, in B302, pp.23–29. Ah80 ‘El libre examen y nuestra literatura presente’, in Literatura española. Una antología, II (see Ah9), pp.304–16. Annotated.

Ah81 ‘Literatura portuguesa. Sonetos. – Por Anthero de Quental’, in Ab15, pp.47–53. With annotations. Orig. in El Día (M) (24.4.1882), 3; and in 1:Ab12.

Ah82 ‘Mal humor (Artículo humorístico)’, in Antología de humoristas españoles del siglo I al XX (see Ah21), pp.777– 79. Orig. in *El Solfeo (M) (26.10.1875).

Ah83 ‘María Guerrero’, in B403, pp.270–74. Orig. in Los Apuntes (M), No.3 (26.7.1894), 3–5.

49

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ah84 ‘Mi propósito’, in B1375, pp.251–53; and as ‘Teatros. Mi propósito’, in B1386, pp.235–38. From *Faro Moderno (B) (15.2.1899). LA’s ideas on theatre criticism.

Ah85 ‘Mi propósito (Conclusión)’, in B1375, pp.253–56; and B1386, pp.238–42. Orig. in *Faro Moderno (B) (1.3.1899). On the importance of seeing current non-Spanish theatre.

Ah86 ‘Mis plagios’, in B186, pp.45–78. See 1:Ab13.

Ah87 ‘Del naturalismo’, in B302, pp.135–51. Ah88 ‘Palique’, in B1236, pp.74–75. Orig. in La Publicidad (B) (19.8.1880). On the Spanish translation of Nana.

Ah89 ‘Palique’, in B1309, pp.188–90. From El Heraldo de Madrid (25.9.1895). LA’s criticism of the Spanish Navy.

Ah90 ‘Palique’, in B1376, p.9. From La Saeta (B) (25.2.1897). On Rodó.

Ah91 ‘Palique’ (1:Ah66), in Juan Antonio Hormigón’s Valle Inclán. Cronología. Escritos dispersos. Epistolario (Madrid: Fundación Banco Exterior, 1987), pp.29, 471–72. On Valle-Inclán’s Epitalamio (Madrid Cómico [25.9.1897]).

Ah92 ‘Palique’, in Valle Inclán. Cronología. Escritos dispersos. Epistolario (see Ah91), p.30. Excerpt. On Valle-Inclán and decadentismo (El Heraldo de Madrid [9.10.1897]).

Ah93 ‘Palique’, in B1386, pp.121–23. From Madrid Cómico (21.10.1899). A reply to Maeztu’s attack in 1:B686.

50

Primary Material Ah94 ‘Palique’, in Ab5, pp.284–88 (I); B735, pp.195–98. Orig. in El Heraldo de Madrid (11.8.1899). On Catalan regionalism.

Ah95

‘Palique’, in Juan Valera’s Morsamor, ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar (Barcelona: Plaza y Janés, 1984), pp.344– 45 (appendix). Orig. in La Vida Literaria (M), No.30 (1899). On Morsamor.

Ah96

‘Palique’, in B835, pp.383–86. From El Heraldo de Madrid (11.10.1900), [2–3]. LA attacks the Minister of Public Education’s proposed educational reforms.

Ah97

‘Para pensar un rato’, in Lecturas (B), 1, No.2 (1921), 45. Epigrammatic thoughts culled from LA’s works.

Ah98

‘Pastoral, breve, o encíclica, o como quieran ustedes llamarlo’, in B1235, pp.1472–73. Orig. in *Gil Blas (M) (16.3.1882). Satirical anticlerical barb directed at Cándido Nocedal and, indirectly, at the Carlist Bishop of Daulia.

Ah99

‘Un poeta portugués. – A musa em férias por Guerra Junqueiro’, in Ab15, pp.241–46. With annotations. Orig. in El Día (M) (13.11.1882), 2.

Ah100 ‘La prerrogativa’, in Ab15, pp.98–101. Orig. *Gil Blas (M), 1, No.8 (19.2.1882), 58–59.

Ah101 ‘Programa de derecho mercantil de España y de las principales naciones de Europa y de América’, in B1209, pp.705–46. LA never competed for the chair in Mercantile Law in Madrid. The orig. ms. is in the *Archivo Central de la Administración Pública de Alcalá de Henares, Secc. Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Legajo 568–31.

Ah102 ‘Prólogo’, in Ad13, pp.175–77. Prol. to Cuentos morales (1:Ad10).

Ah103 ‘Prólogo’, in Ad26, pp.232–35. From Cuentos morales.

51

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ah104 ‘Proposiciones de la Universidad de Oviedo al Congreso Hispanoamericano’, in B79, p.91. Signed and dated, Oviedo, Oct. 1900, by LA, Félix de Aramburu, Fermín de Canella, Adolfo Álvarez Buylla, Adolfo Posada, et al.

Ah105 ‘Psicología del sexo’, in B593, pp.483–95. Five articles orig. publ. in La Ilustración Ibérica (B) (6.1.; 20.3; 14.4;28.4; and 2.6.1894), in which LA attempts to set the sexes straight. ‘Esta tendencia … a convertir a la mujer en hombre, no es un desideratum … es un descamino, es un extravío’.

Ah106 ‘La regeneración en España. Opinión de Don Leopoldo Alas Clarín’: See ‘Los futuros’. Ah107 ‘El repórter y el gondolero (palique)’, in La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (13.6.1985), n. pag. Orig. in *La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (17.10.1896). See also B374.

Ah108 ‘Resumen. – El teatro.– Tentativas. – Los cuatro elementos. – Autores (Galdós, Echegaray). – El público. – La crítica. – Los cómicos. – Realidad y El hijo de Don Juan, como ensayos de renovación dramática’, in B456, pp.122–30. From Palique (1893) (1:Ab22).

Ah109 ‘Revista literaria’, in B1391, pp.155–61. Orig. in El Imparcial (M) (5.10.1891).

Ah110 ‘Revista literaria’, in B1386, pp.167–68, 176–79. Excerpt. Orig. publ. in Los Lunes de El Imparcial (M) (8.5.1899). On Alfredo Calderón’s De mis campañas and Llanas Aguilaniedo’s Alma contemporánea.

Ah111 ‘Revista literaria. Morsamor por Valera’, in Morsamor (see Ah95), pp.339–42. Excerpt. Orig. El Imparcial (M) (7.8.1899).

52

Primary Material Ah112 ‘Revista mínima’, in Ab5, pp.204–8 (II); B735, pp.187– 91. Orig. in *La Publicidad (B) (14.5.1890). On the social question in 1890.

Ah113 ‘Revista mínima’, in Ab5, pp.270–75 (I); and B766, pp.87–92. From *La Publicidad (B) (25.11.1900).

Ah114 ‘San Juan de la Cruz y la Srta. Valencia’, in B477, pp.331–34. Orig. in Madrid Cómico (27.2.1892) and in 1:Ab22. With commentary by J.M. Martínez Cachero (pp.335–37).

Ah115 ‘Santa Bárbara’, in Ab5, p.264 (I); and B766, p.93. From La Lucha de Clases (Bilbao) (1.5.1899).

Ah116 ‘Sanz y Forés’, in B818, pp.510–14; and B1410, pp.347– 55. Orig. in El Imparcial (M) (7.11.1895), 1–2.

Ah117 ‘Teatros. Mi propósito’: See ‘Mi propósito’. Ah118 ‘Tragedias de Juan Racine’, in B1419, pp.1118–24. These ms. pages of the adolescent Alas were part of his translation project of all the Racine tragedies. Dated 1870.

Ah119 ‘La Universidad de Oviedo. Discurso de Don Rafael Ureña’, in B194, pp.106–7. Orig. publ. in La Ilustración Gallega y Asturiana (M), 3, No.29 (18.10.1881), 338–39.

Ah120 ‘Valera’, in Juan Valera, ed. Enrique Rubio Cremades (Madrid: Taurus, 1990), pp.19–24. Orig. in La Opinión (M) (26.6.1886); and in 1:Ab12.

Ah121 ‘Versicultura Grilus vastatrix’, in B325, pp.172–75. See 1:Ab5. On poet Antonio Fernández Grilo.

53

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ai TRANSLATIONS

I Bable (Asturian) Short Story ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’

Ai1

¡Adiós, Cordera!. Trans. Genaro Alonso Megido, Colección Escolín, 32 (Oviedo: Academia de la Llingua Asturiana, 1987). 29 pp. 2nd ed., 1992. Illus. Armando Alonso Megido.

II Catalan Short Story ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’

Ai2

*‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’. Trans. anon. In La Renaixensa (B), 25 (1895), 497–506. III Chinese

Novel La Regenta

Ai3

*[La Regenta] (Beijung: Heilongjiang People’s Editions, 1987).

Short Story Doña Berta y otros relatos

Ai4

[Tangna Bei’erta He Qita Gushi], Colección Obras Maestras de la Literatura Española (Heilongjiang: Heilongjiang People’s Editions, 1995). x + 200 pp. Prólogo, by Federico Ibáñez Soler, pp.ii–iii (dated 1993). [Preface], pp.iv–v; [Introduction], pp.vi–x (dated 1995). Annotated. Based on 1971 Salvat ed. (1:Ad35).

IV Czech Short Story ‘Boroña’

Ai5

‘Boroña’. Trans. A. Pikhart. In Lumĭr (Praha), 25 (1897), 271–72.

54

Primary Material V Dutch Novel La Regenta

Ai6

*[La Regenta]. Trans. Barber van de Pol & Maarten Steenmeijer. Epilogue, by Maarten Steenmeijer. (Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 1997). VI English

Criticism

Ai7

‘Review of Part I of La desheredada’. Trans. Nick Caistor. In: Galdós, ed. Jo Labanyi (London: Longman, 1993), pp.43–48. Abridged.

Novel La Regenta

Ai8

La Regenta, 1 vol. Trans. John Rutherford (1984) (1:Ai6). Reviews: 1. Bayley, John. The Listener (London), 111 (8.3.1984), 21–22. 2. Bly, Peter. CMLR, 41 (1985), 758–59. 3. Caminals-Heath, Roser. GaR, 41 (1987), 421–25. 4. Cardona, Rodolfo. AGald, 25 (1990), 149–51. 5. Cunningham, Valentine. The Observer (London) (11.3.1984), 25. 6. Gullón, Agnes M. HR, 53 (1985), 250–52. 7. Hemingway, Maurice. Times Higher Education Supplement (6.4.1984). 8. Kemp, Peter. Sunday Times (London) (12.2.1984), 42. 9. Klein, Richard B. REH, 19, No.1 (1985), 139–40. 10. McRobbie, Angela. New Statesman (London), 107 (3.2.1984), 24. 11. Mudrick, Marvin. HudR, 39 (1986), 141–48. 12. Reynolds, Stanley. Punch (London), 286 (28.3.1984), 59. 13. Shakespeare, Nicholas. Books and Bookmen (London) (July 1984), 35. 14. Valis, Noël. BHS (Liverpool), 63 (1986), 102–3. 15. Valis, Noël. ModA, 30 (1986), 333–35. 16. Williamson, Michael. Library Journal, 109 (1.3.1984), 507. 17. Anon. Choice, 21 (June 1984), 1471. 18. Anon. Quill and Quire, 50 (Apr. 1984), 37.

55

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Su único hijo

Ai9

His Only Son. Trans. Julie Jones (1981) (1:Ai7). Reviews: 1. Johnson, Harvey L. South Central Bulletin, 42, Nos 1–2 (1982), 22. 2. Pritchard, David. Library Journal (15.1.1981), 163. 3. Anon. Choice, 19 (Sept. 1981), 85.

Short Story Cuentos morales

Ai10 The Moral Tales. Trans. Kenneth A. Stackhouse (Fairfax VA: George Mason Univ. Press, 1988). 199 pp. ‘Translator’s Introduction’ (pp.ix–xviii). Notes (pp.187–99). See also B1395. Contents: ‘The Priest of Vericueto’ (‘El cura de Vericueto’); ‘Cornbread’ (‘Boroña’); ‘Breaker’s Conversion’ (‘La conversión de Chiripa’); ‘Numero uno’ (‘El número uno’); ‘Bad Habits’ (‘Para vicios’); ‘The Duet’ (‘El dúo de la tos’); ‘Lucius Varius’ (‘Vario’); ‘The Imperfect Wife’ (‘La imperfecta casada’); ‘The Engraving’ (‘Un grabado’); ‘The Torso’ (‘El Torso’); ‘Windows’ (‘Cristales’); ‘Cold and the Pope’ (‘El frío del Papa’); ‘Leon Benavides’ (‘León Benavides’); ‘Keen’ (‘El Quin’); ‘Satanmas Eve’ (‘La noche-mala del diablo’); ‘Round Trip’ (‘Viaje redondo’); ‘Trap’ (‘La trampa’); ‘Don Patricio or the Grand Prize in Melilla’ (‘Don Patricio o el premio gordo en Melilla’); ‘The Substitute’ (‘El sustituto’); ‘Mr. Insula’ (‘El señor Isla’); ‘Snob’ (‘Snob’); ‘Knight of the Round Table’ (‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’); ‘Queen Margaret’ (‘La Reina Margarita’). Omitted without explanation are: ‘Don Urbano’; ‘Ordalías’; ‘“Flirtation” legítima’; ‘La tara’; ‘González Bribón’; and LA’s ‘Prólogo’, which is listed in contents but not reproduced. Reviews: 1. Friedman, E.H. Choice, 26 (Dec. 1988), 651. 2. Miller, Stephen. Hispania, 72 (1989), 980–81. 3. Anon. FMLS, 25 (1989), 174.

‘Superchería’

Ai11 A Hoax/Superchería. Trans. Michael Nimetz, Hispanic Literature, 24 (Lewiston NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1995). 51 pp. Introd. (pp.i–v). See also B952. Review: 1. Friedman, E.H. Choice, 33, Nos 11–12 (July-Aug. 1996), 1800.

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Primary Material VII Esperanto Short Story ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’

Ai12 ‘Adiaŭ, Cordera!’. Trans. Fernando de Diego. In Astura bukedo, Colección Hispana Literaturo, 2 (Gijón: Astura Esperanto-Asocio, 1986), pp.95–107. Also, 1987. With notes. Review: 1. Ullman, Pierre. LFoiro, 19, No.112 (Apr. 1988), 46–47.

‘El dúo de la tos’

Ai13 ‘La duopo de la tusoj’. Trans. Fernando de Diego. In Astura bukedo (see Ai12), pp.85–94. ‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’

Ai14 ‘La Kavaliro de la tablo ronda’. Trans. Fernando de Diego. In Astura bukedo (see Ai12), pp.108–38. VIII Finnish Novel La Regenta

Ai15 *Kustnannsosakeyntio, 1987. IX French Novel La Regenta

Ai16 La Régente, 1 vol. Trans. Albert Belot, Claude Bleton, Jean-François Botrel, Robert Jammes, Yvan Lissorgues (Coord.) (Paris: Arthème Fayard, 1987). 732 pp. ‘Introduction’, by Yvan Lissorgues (pp.7–29); ‘Repères chronologiques’ (pp.30–32); ‘Note des traducteurs’ (pp.33–34). Minimal notes. See also B733. Reviews: 1. Amine, Patrick. Art Press (Paris) (Nov. 1987). 2. Bensoussan, Albert. MagLitt (Paris), No.247 (Nov. 1987), 77–78.

57

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) 3. Brey, Gérard. La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña), 5, No.342 (19.11.1987). 4. C.J. Lire (Paris) (Nov. 1987), 28. 5. Caballero, Oscar. La Vanguardia (B) (22.9.1987). 6. Cohen, Bernard. Libération (Paris) (9.9.1987), 36. 7. Fleury, Claude. Républicain Lorrain (16.10.1987). 8. Fogel, Jean-François. Le Point (Paris) (12.10.1987). 9. Gateau, Jean-Charles. Journal de Genève (7.11.1987). 10. J.-L.J. Le Figaro Magazine (Paris) (24.10.1987). 11. Karoubi, Line. Le Matin (Paris) (14.9.1987), 14–15. 12. Lafarge, Michel. Courrier-Sud, No.76 (6.11.1987), 17. 13. Lepape, Pierre. Le Monde (Paris) (11.9.1987), 13. 14. López [-Barxas], Francisco. Diario 16 (M) (19.12.1987), iii; La Nueva España (O) (6.1.1988), 42. 15. Marey, Juan. LLNL, 82, No.264 (1988), 88–90. 16. Montrémy, Jean-Maurice de. La Croix (27–28.9.1987). 17. Muratori-Philip, Anne. Le Figaro (Paris) (21.9.1987), xii. 18. Quiñonero, Juan Pedro. ABC (M) (12.9.1987), 44. 19. Ressot, Jean-Pierre. QL, No.495 (16–31.10.1987), 11. 20. Roubaud, M.-L. La Dépêche (Toulouse) (1.11.1987). 21. Anon. Le Chirurgien-Dentiste de France, No.399 (29.10.1987), 55. 22. Anon. Le Hérisson (22.9.1987). 23. Anon. Ici et Là (M), No.6 (Jan. 1988), 34. 24. Anon. El Urogallo (M), No.19 (Nov. 1987), 8.

Su único hijo

Ai17 Son fils unique. Trans. Claude Bleton (Paris: Arthème Fayard, 1990). 291 pp. Préface (pp.9–11). Lightly annotated.

Short Story El gallo de Sócrates y otros cuentos

Ai18 Le Coq de Socrate et autres contes. Trans. Yvan Lissorgues & Jean-François Botrel, Ibériques Collection (Paris: Librairie José Corti, 1992). 353 pp. Introduction, by Yvan Lissorgues (pp.9–34). A bilingual ed., this selection of stories is not the 1901 El gallo de Sócrates. Contents: ‘Le Diable en Semaine Sainte’ (‘El diablo en Semana Santa’); ‘Mon enterrement’ (‘Mi entierro’); ‘Un travailleur’ (‘Un jornalero’); ‘Adieu, la Douce!’ (‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’); ‘Le pain jaune’ (‘Boroña’); ‘Varius’

58

Primary Material (‘Vario’); ‘Le duo de la toux’ (‘El dúo de la tos’); ‘Retour aux sources’ (‘Viaje redondo’); ‘Le coq de Socrate’ (‘El gallo de Sócrates’); ‘L’enterrement de la sardine’ (‘El entierro de la sardina’). With bibliography (pp.345–50) and notes. See also B734. Review: 1. Bensoussan, Albert. LLNL, No.284 (1993), 167–69.

‘Doña Berta’

Ai19 *‘Doña Berta’. Trans. M. Luizet. In Nouvelle Revue Internationale (Paris), 3 (31.8.1900). X German Novel La Regenta

Ai20 Die Präsidentin, 1 vol. Trans. Egon Hartmann (1:Ai22). (Frankfurt am Main: Insel Verlag, 1985). 864 pp. 3rd ed., 1986. 2nd ed. of the 1971 translation (Berlin: Buchverlag der Morgen). With ‘Nachwort’, by F[ritz] R[udolf] Fries (pp.837–43); and notes (pp.844– 64). See also B470. Review: 1. Niedermayer, Franz. SZ, 204 (May 1986), 349–53.

Short Story ‘Cuervo’ [and other stories]

Ai21 *Der Rabe und andere Erzählungen. Trans. Monika Bosse (Frankfurt am Main: Insel, 1991). XI Greek Novel La Regenta

Ai22 *[La Regenta] (Sociedad de Estudios Hispánicos ‘Miguel de Cervantes’, 1987).

59

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) XII Italian Novel La Regenta

Ai23 *La Presidentessa. Trans. Flaviarosa Nicoletti Rossini (Torino: Einaudi, 1989). xiv + 767 pp. Introd., by Dario Puccini. 3rd ed. (?) of 1:Ai24. Review: 1. Anon. Tal palibri. Il manifesto (14.9.1989), 71–73.

XIII Japanese Novel La Regenta

Ai24 *[La Regenta]. Trans. Hidehito Higashitani, Hakusui-Sha,1 (Tokyo: Seiwa Shorin, 1990). 798 pp. XIV Norwegian Novel La Regenta

Ai25 *Rettspresidentens Hustru, 3 vols. Trans. Arne Worren (Oslo: Solum Forlag, 1995–97). Foreword by A. Worren. Review: 1. Moreno Fernández-Caparros, Raimundo. La Nueva España (O) (29.1.1996), 20.

XV Polish Novel La Regenta

Ai26 Regentka, 2 vols. Trans. Kalina Wojciechowska & Janina Carlson (Warsaw: Panstwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1988). 570; 626 pp. Introduction, by Elźvieta Sklodowska (pp.5–22). See also B256 and 1339.

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Primary Material XVI Portuguese Criticism ‘Un buen propósito. Una Liga Literaria Hispano-Portuguesa’

Ai27 ‘A hispanofobia literária dos portugueses’. Trans. anon. In Jornal de Letras, Artes e Ideías (Lisbon), 7, No.296 (8– 24.3.1988), 28. Excerpt from El Porvenir article, Año 1, No.214 (7.9.1882) (M).

Novel La Regenta

Ai28 A Corregedora, 1 vol. Trans. Joana Morais Varela, Contexto, 2 (Lisbon: Contexto Editora, 1988). 681 pp. With notes (pp.664–81).

Short Story El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos

Ai29 O Senhor e o resto são histórias. Trans. José Colaço Barreiros, Colecção Estórias, 38 (Lisbon: Teorema, 1991). 173 pp. Contents: ‘O Senhor’ (‘El Señor’); ‘Adeus, Cordeira!’ (‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’); ‘Mudança da luz’ (‘Cambio de luz’); ‘O Centauro’ (‘El centauro’); ‘Rivais’ (‘Rivales’); ‘Protesto’ (‘Protesto’); ‘A genrocracia’ (‘La yernocracia’); ‘Um velho verde’ (‘Un viejo verde’); ‘Conto futuro’ (‘Cuento futuro’); ‘Um jornaleiro’ (‘Un jornalero’); ‘A Ronca’ (‘La Ronca’); ‘A rosa de ouro’ (‘La rosa de oro’). (Omitted: ‘Benedictino’)

XVII Romanian Novel La Regenta

Ai30 Pasiunea Anei Ozores, 2 vols. Trans. Dan Munteanu (1972) (1:Ai26). *2nd ed., 1987. Su único hijo

Ai31 *Unicul sau fiu (Bucuresti: Editura Arena, 1993). 265 pp.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) XVIII Serbo-Croat Short Story

Ai32 *Spanjolske pripovijetke [Cuentos españoles]. Trans. Josip Tabak. (Zagreb-Meograd: ‘Novo pokoljenje’, 1949). 141 pp. XIX Swedish Novel La Regenta

Ai33 Presidentskan. Trans. Peter Landelius. (Stockholm: Arbetarkultur, 1986). 641 pp. *2nd ed., 1988. ‘“Clarín” och La Regenta’, by Peter Landelius (pp.5–8). Notes (pp.636– 41). See also B703.

XX Valencian Short Story

Ai34 Contes. Trans. Joan Carles Asins & Wilson Ferrús, Col. Lecció L’Alter, 1 (Valencia: Rotgle Edicions, 1994). 93 pp. With notes. Prol., by Jesús Huguet (pp.7–10). Contents: ‘¡Adeu, Cordera!’ (‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’); ‘Ordalies’ (‘Ordalías’); ‘El substitut’ (‘El sustituto’); ‘El Tors’ (‘El Torso’); ‘El Parany’ (‘Manín de Pepa José’); ‘El duo de la tos’ (‘El dúo de la tos’). See also B669.

Aj MISCELLANEOUS

I Translation Aj1

Trabajo, 2 vols (1901) (1:Ag25 and Aj1), 4th ed., n.d. [after 1910].

Aj2

*Trabajo, by Émile Zola [With La Faute de l’abbé Mouret. À Rebours, Trans. V. Blasco Ibáñez]. Trans. Leopoldo

62

Primary Material Alas, ed. Javier del Prado, Colección Las Mejores Novelas de la Literatura Universal, Novela Francesa, 3 (Madrid: Cupsa, 1982). ‘El realismo científico o naturalismo’, by Javier del Prado.

Aj3

Trabajo. Trans. Leopoldo Alas, Taifa Literaria, 11 (Barcelona: Taifa, 1985). 515 pp. Prol., by LA (pp.9–18).

Aj4

*Trabajo. Trans. Leopoldo Alas (Barcelona: José Batllo, 1985).

Aj5

Trabajo. Trans. Leopoldo Alas, ed. Francisco Caudet, Colección Germinal, 2 (Madrid: Ediciones de la Torre, 1991). 572 pp. Prol., by LA (pp.147–54). Introd., by Francisco Caudet (pp.9–138). Review: 1. Rutherford, John. BHS (Liverpool), 71 (1994), 275–76.

II Films Aj6

‘“¡Adiós, Cordera!” (Clarín)’ (1986). Spain. Adaptación cinematográfica, by Pedro Gómez Martínez. In Premios Clarín, Larra, y Buñuel 1985 (Madrid: Univ. Complutense, 1986), pp.115–28. The script, winner of the 1985 Premio Buñuel.

Aj7

*El arte de vivir (1984). Spain. TVE series, program: ‘[Leopoldo Alas, Clarín]’ (10.2.1984). See also B1171.

Aj8

*Mientras Vetusta duerme (1984). Spain. Directed by Samuel Ortega. Produced by Centro Regional de TVEAsturias. Script by Elías García Domínguez & Alipio Hernández. Stars Etelvino Vázquez, Luis A. Suárez, Ana Francos, J.A. Lobato. Music by L.M. Ruiz de la Peña. A one-hour television film, which captures images and moments of LR, from 1.3.1984. See also B336.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Aj9

*La Regenta (1974). Spain. Video. Director Gonzalo Suárez (Madrid: Colección Literaria, 1974). See 1:Aj3.

Aj10 La Regenta (1974). Video ([Fresno CA]: Condor Video; dist. by Media Home Entertainment, Inc., 1987). 94 min. Videocassette release of 1:Aj3. In Spanish with English subtitles.

Aj11 La Regenta (1990). Spain. ‘Una serie de TVE. La Regenta de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’, in B1007, pp.11–76. The first sixty-one sequences of Fernando Méndez-Leite’s TV script (Aj12). See also B906.

Aj12 La Regenta (1995). Spain. TVE. Directed and adapted by Fernando Méndez-Leite. Produced by Eduardo Ducay. Stars Aitana Sánchez-Gijón, Carmelo Gómez, Juan Luis Galiardo, Héctor Alterio, Miguel Rellán, Cristina Marcos. The three-part, four-and-a-half hour series debuted on 17.1.1995.

Aj13 *La Ronca (1968). Spain. Directed by Pedro Olea. Stars Esperanza Roy, Ana María Noé. A half-hour television film, 16 mm, b & w, Series ‘Novelas y Cuentos’. III Adaptations Aj14 La Regenta (1983) (1:Aj4). Versión escénica de “La Regenta” de Leopoldo Alas, Clarín. Adapted by Álvaro Custodio (Oviedo: Excmo. Ayuntamiento, 1985). 73 pp. The stage version boils down LR into two hours, with a voice-over for lacunae. Includes an autograph letter of congratulations from Rafael Lapesa (p.5); a brief introd. by Rodrigo Grossi Fernández (p.3); a prol. by José María Martínez Cachero (pp.7–9); and ‘Clarín y La Regenta’, by Álvaro Custodio (pp.11–12). Besides performances in San Lorenzo de El Escorial and Oviedo (see 1:Aj4), the play was also presented in Guanajuato, Mexico (Teatros Juárez) during the Festival Internacional Cervantino (25.10.1984) and in the Teatro Morelos de Aguascaliente, Teatro Principal de Puebla, and Teatro del Bosque, Mexico City.

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Primary Material IV Music Aj15 *‘Palique’, by Facundo de la Viña (Valladolid: Carlos Saco del Valle, Editor de Música, n.d. [1890s?]). A composition for piano dedicated to the ‘eminente crítico don Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’.

V Autograph Mss Aj16 ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 21.361.2). 19 folios, written on one side. ‘Regalo de su autor en Oviedo – diciembre 1892 - Excursión teatral Zubern’. Cited in B302.

Aj17 *‘Carne de crítico’ (Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 21.361 [?]). Poem dated 16.2.1892. The ms. number cited in B302 does not correspond. See also Ah52.

Aj18 ‘Revista literaria’ (Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 21.361.1). 20 folios, written on one side, 1892. On: La piedra angular, novela por doña E. Pardo Bazán; La literatura española en el siglo XIX (Parte 2a), por el P. F. Blanco García; Historia de las ideas estéticas en España, V, por M. Menéndez y Pelayo; Sonetos. De aquí y allí, trad. y refundiciones por M.A. Caro. Cited in B302. Publ. in El Imparcial (M) (29.2.1892).

Aj19 *‘Vejeces’ (Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 21.361 [?]). Poem. Ms. number does not correspond to catalogue citation in B302. See also Ah63.

VI Iconography Publications Aj20 ‘Álbum’, in La Regenta (1997) (see Ac32), pp.1–81 (separately paged). A life and works of LA, in text and pictures, arranged by Arturo Ramoneda (B1093).

65

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Aj21 Asturias (Centro Asturiano [M]) (1952) (1:B92). Cover drawing by Goico Aguirre. Reprod. in 1:B296, p. 84; and B302, p.40.

Aj22 *Candás Alegre, 1, No.1 (Nov. 1894). Cover caricature by Mero (Alberto Pérez Sierra y Suárez del Otero). Reprod. in B313, p.84.

Aj23 La Caricatura (M) (7.5.1893). Caricature by Ángel Pons.

Aj24 Clarín y “La Regenta” (1884–1984) (1985) (see B302). Contains drawings, caricatures, and photos of LA.

Aj25 Los Cuadernos del Norte (O) (1981) (see 1:B296). Filled with drawings, photos, and caricatures of LA.

Aj26 El gallo de Sócrates (1901) (see 1:Ad14). Cover portrait.

Aj27 El Globo (M), 3a época, 11, No.3716 (31.12.1885), [1]. Print. See also B1702.

Aj28 La Ilustración Española y Americana (M) (22.6.1901). Print.

Aj29 La Ilustración Gallega y Asturiana (M), 3 (8.9.1881), 297. Print, by Badillo. Reprod. in 1:B514, p.43; 1:B296, p.8; B302, p.56. See also 1:B1121 and B1280.

Aj30 Madrid Cómico, 2a época, No.2 (4.3.1883), 3, 6. Caricature by Cilla (Francisco Ramón Cilla). Accompanied by LA’s text, ‘¿¡Mi caricatura!?’. Reprod. in 1:B514, p.83; 1:B296, p.63; B186, p.8; B302, p.174; B834, p.160.

Aj31 Madrid Cómico, 16, No.709 (19.9.1896). Cover caricature by Cilla. Rptd. in Ab17 [p.33].

Aj32 Madrid Cómico, 3a época, 19, No.4 (28.10.1899). Cover caricature by Sancha. Reprod. in 1:B296, p.108; B206, p.10.

66

Primary Material Aj33 Los Madriles, 2, No.42 (20.7.1889). Cover caricature by A. Pons. Reprod. in Ai35, [p.28].

Aj34 Nuevo Mundo (M), 32, No.1653 (25.9.1925), n. pag. Announcement, with photo of LA, of ‘Las dos cajas’ in La Novela Semanal.

Aj35 Nuevo Mundo (M) (27.3.1925), n. pag. ‘Una caricatura de Pérez de Ayala y una opinión de “Azorín”’: Announcement, with caricature and snippets from Azorín (1:Aa2), of forthcoming publication of ‘Pipá’ in La Novela Semanal. The artist is identified as Pérez de Ayala (La Vida Literaria, 1899) (Aj67). See also 1:B1315.

Aj36 Renacimiento Latino (M), 1 (1.4.1905). Drawing by Monteseriu.

Aj37 Revista Cómica (M), 3, No.120 (22.8.1889). Cover caricature by A. Pons.

Aj38 *Revista Ilustrada (M), 1, No.31 (16.8.1881). See also B317.

Aj39 Revista Popular (O) (1.7.1901). Cover. Reprod. in 1:B296, p.6.

Aj40 Siglo pasado (1901) (see 1:Ab25). Cover drawing. Reprod. in Ab17 [p.48].

Aj41 El Trasgo (O) (12.8.1883), [1]. Caricature by Mor-Cilla (Luis Menéndez Pidal).

Aj42 El Tren Expreso (O), 1, No.4 (9.6.1889). Cover caricature by Menchís.

Aj43 La Vida Literaria (M), No.26 (6.7.1899), 426. Nuevo Mundo (Aj35) reproduced this caricature by Leal de la Cámara (attributed to Pérez de Ayala). Also in Ab17 [p.44]; B834, p.148.

67

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Aj44 *Zamora Ilustrada (16.1.1883). Cover. See also B316.

Artists Aj45 Aguirre, Goico, drawing, in 1:B92. Cover.

Aj46 Alba, Fernando, sculpture, El Entrego, Asturias, 1984. Vanguard piece commemorating LA’s marriage. Reproduced in Ab17, [p.28].

Aj47 Álvarez Caravia, Ruperto, drawing, in 1:B296, p.124. Aj48 Álvarez Laviada, sculpture (bust), Campo de San Francisco, Oviedo, 1931 (destroyed). Removed in 1936.

Aj49 Badillo, print, in Aj29. Aj50 Castro, Francisco de, medal, Oviedo (Ayuntamiento), 1984. Commemorative bronze medal, limited ed. of 1,000.

Cilla [pseud.]: See Cilla, Francisco Ramón. Aj51 Cilla, Francisco Ramón, caricatures, in Aj30 and 31. Aj52 Delgado, Álvaro, painting & drawing, Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes de Asturias. Reprod. in 1:B296, pp.68, 114; B186, p.37; B302, pp.57, 104, 219.

Aj53 Elías/Santamarina, ‘Clarín observador y crítico de su tiempo’; ‘El mundo clariniano de Vetusta’; ‘La mirada de Clarín’; ‘Clarín’; ‘Clarín’; ‘Clarín y el dinero’; ‘Universo clariniano’, drawings, in 1:B1431 (cover); 1:B296, pp.31, 33, 34, 56, 58, 82, 118. Aj54 Falo, ‘Clarín’, drawing, in 1:B296, p.123.

68

Primary Material Aj55 Fernández, Calixto, ‘Caleidoscopio clariniano’; ‘Clariniano’; ‘Composición clariniana’, drawings, in 1:B296, pp.28, 98, 117. Aj56 Herrero, Jaime, ‘Claves para la vida secreta de “Clarín”’, series of paintings, 1978? See 1:B59.

Aj57 ——, ‘Clarín’, drawing, in 1:B296, p.22; and B1007, p.7. Aj58 Hevia Granda, Víctor, ‘Clarín’, drawing, in 1:B296, p.43; B302, p.50. Aj59 ——, ‘Clarín’, sculpture (bust), Campo de San Francisco, Oviedo, 1956? The monument was installed in 1968 (see 1:B1320); the bust itself, in 1984. See also 1:B1427; B827 and 1567.

Leal de la Cámara [pseud.]: See Pérez de Ayala, Ramón. Aj60 Lombardía, Miguel Ángel, “La Regenta” cien años después (1984) (see B1098). Fifteen xerographed drawings, with texts. Exhibit, Museo Jovellanos, Gijón, 1984.

Aj61 López Hernández, J., ‘La Regenta’, sculpture, bronze triptych-mirror, 1984, Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, Madrid. Aj62 Martínez Abades, Juan, painting (oil), Univ. de Oviedo. Reprod. in B302, p.59; B303, cover.

Aj63 Menchís [pseud.], caricature, in Aj42. Aj64 Menéndez Pidal, Luis [pseud.: Mor-Cilla], caricature, in Aj41. Mero [pseud.]: See Pérez Sierra y Suárez del Otero, Alberto.

69

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Aj65 Monte, [Juan Manuel], ‘Clarín’, caricatures, in 1:B296, pp.78, 104, 120. Aj66 Monteseriu [pseud.], drawing, in Aj36. Mor-Cilla [pseud.]: See Menéndez Pidal, Luis. Aj67 Pérez de Ayala, Ramón [pseud.: Leal de la Cámara], caricature, in Aj35 and 43. Aj68 Pérez Sierra y Suárez del Otero, Alberto [pseud.: Mero], caricature, in Aj22. Pons [pseud.]: See Pons, Ángel. Aj69 Pons, Ángel, caricatures, in Aj23 and 33. Aj70 R.P., ‘Clarín’, drawing, in 1:B296, p.109. Aj71 Rodríguez, Ramón, ‘Retrato tópico de D. Leopoldo’, in 1:B296, pp.96–97. Aj72 Sancha [pseud.], caricature, in Aj32. Aj73 *Valle, Evaristo, caricature (lost?). Aj74 Vicente, Paulino ‘El Mozo’, drawing, in 1:B973, cover; 1:B514; 1:B296, p.94. Aj75 Sculpture (bust), El Entrego, Garden, San Martín del Rey Aurelio. Installed 1983.

Aj76 Portrait, 200–peseta banknote, Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre, 1984. Reprod. in Ai35 [p.28]. Aj77 Portrait, 30–peseta postage stamp, Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre, 1996.

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B. SECONDARY MATERIAL A.D.: See Domínguez, Antonio. A.O.: See Opisso y Viñas, Alfredo. B1

A.P., ‘Centenario de La Regenta’, ABC (M) (31.1.1984). Note on homage activities of the Caja de Ahorros de Asturias.

B2

A. de S., ‘Novedades teatrales. Español.- Beneficio de María Guerrero’, El Día (M) (21.3.1895), [2]. Despite good intentions, Teresa is full of exaggerations and sombre romanticism.

B3

Abad Nebot, Francisco, ‘Ideas sobre la lengua y usos lingüísticos de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y “La Regenta” en su tiempo (see B303), pp.985–95. LA had an open-ended but common-sense view of language use.

B4

Abellán, Manuel L., ‘Clarín: la inversión de paradigmas ideológicos como recurso literario. (A propósito de “La conversión de Chiripa”)’ (1:B1381). Rpt. as ‘Inversión ideológica y coherencia literaria en Clarín’, Revista Nacional de Cultura (Caracas), No.258 (1985), 40–54. Acebal [González], José María: See Ab3, Apuntes de clase.

B5

Adúriz, Patricio, ‘Luis Menéndez Pidal (1861–1932)’, in Pintores asturianos, VI (Oviedo: Banco Herrero, 1975), pp.58–61. On the feud between LA and Juan Menéndez Pidal; and on anti-Clarín barbs in El Trasgo (O) (1883).

71

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B6

Agramonte Cortijo, Francisco, ed., ‘“Clarín”, Leopoldo Alas’, in his Diccionario cronológico biográfico universal (Madrid: Aguilar, 1952), p.282. 2nd ed. (1961), p.291. A standard dictionary entry, with some errors of fact.

B7

Aguirre Valle, Alicia, ‘Juicio en 1884’, in Comentarios de texto sobre ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín (see B318), pp.21–28. Ana Ozores and Fermín de Pas are judged as characters in an imaginary courtroom.

B8

Alarcos Llorach, Emilio, ‘Ante La Regenta’, in “La Regenta” cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [1 p.] (1:B1447). ‘La Regenta es una novela tan discutida como poco conocida.’

B9

——, ‘Aspectos de la lengua de “Clarín” (Un pasaje de La Regenta)’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.13–30. A detailed linguistic analysis of part of Ch. XXIX, to show the ‘densidad temporal psicológica en [una] escasa secuencia de tiempo real’.

B10

——, ‘Del capítulo XXX de La Regenta’, in Clarín y “La Regenta” en su tiempo (see B303), pp.233–45. Divides the chapter into three different narrative units.

B11

——, ‘Notas remozadas sobre La Regenta’, in “La Regenta” de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.313–22. Rpt. of 1:B14.

B12

Albaladejo Mayordomo, Tomás, Teoría de los mundos posibles y macroestructura narrativa. Análisis de las novelas cortas de Clarín (Alicante: Univ./Caja de Ahorros Provincial, 1986). 309 pp. A tedious, jargon-filled semiotic analysis. A.M. concludes that each character has a corresponding ‘world’, with ‘sub-worlds’ expressing the tension between the real and the desired, in ‘Pipá’; ‘Avecilla’; ‘Las dos cajas’; ‘Zurita’; ‘Superchería’; ‘Cuervo’; ‘Doña Berta’; ‘El Señor’; and ‘El cura de Vericueto’.

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Secondary Material B13

Albert, Antonio, ‘La virtud de la corrección’, El País (M) (18.1.1995), 54. A lukewarm review of the TV series, ‘LR’.

B14

Albornoz, Álvaro de, ‘La puesta de Clarín’, El Noroeste (Gijón) (18.6.1901), [1]. A disciple mourns LA’s death; and says he was a much misunderstood figure. Notes that Pedro el Ciego sang out LA’s revistas from El Imparcial and his paliques from El Heraldo de Madrid.

B15

——, ‘La Universidad de Oviedo’, La España Moderna (M), 21, No.238 (Oct. 1908), 153–65. Extracted in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), pp.239–41. LA as a great teacher and influence on the modern transformation of the Univ. de Oviedo (pp.161–63).

B16

Aldaraca, Bridget, ‘El caso de Ana O: la histeria y sexualidad en La Regenta’, Asclepio (M), No.42 (July 1990), 51–61. Author sees parallels between the ostensibly objective perspectives and control of the clinician and the narrator; also gives background on hysteria in nineteenth-century Spain, and discusses Ana’s hysterical attacks. Informative, this useful article needed a more tightly organized and developed structure and argument.

B17

Alegre, Celina, Afinidades peligrosas. Un estudio sobre ‘La Regenta’, Colección El Fil d’Ariadna, 11 (Lleida: Pagès Editors, 1992). 147 pp. Another study of the relationship and parallels between Ana Ozores and Fermín de Pas, stressing confession as a key structural element.

B18

——, ‘Ana Ozores y Fermín de Pas: biografías paralelas en La Regenta de Clarín’, Scriptura (Lleida), No.1 (1986), 5–13. Superficial parallels established between Ana Ozores and Fermín de Pas (childhood, parentage, spirituality, readings, and physical beauty).

B19

Alfaro, José María, ‘Centenario de La Regenta’, Tiempo (M), No.90 (30.1.1984), 88. On LA and Galdós; and the complexity of LR as a ‘novela total’.

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——, ‘Purgatorio y gloria de La Regenta’, ABC (M) (15.11.1984), 48. On the largely negative reception of LR in 1884–85 and its current canonization.

B21

*——, ‘La Regenta cumple cien años’, Hoja del Lunes (Burgos) (13.2.1984). Almaviva [pseud.]: See Escobar y Ramírez, Alfredo.

B22

Alonso, Cecilio, ‘Confluencias generacionales. Algunas notas sobre prensa diaria y literatura entre la Restauración y la Regencia’, in El camino hacia el 98 (Los escritores de la Restauración y la crisis del fin de siglo), ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar (Madrid: Fundación Duques de Soria/Visor, 1998), pp.207–55. See pp.226–29, 246–48, et passim, for LA’s relationship with the younger literary generation; and for his review of Pardo Bazán’s Cuentos de Marineda. See also Ah78; B239 and 924.

B23

Alonso, Pedro Pablo, ‘El análisis de la prosa y la poesía en La Regenta clausuró las reuniones sobre la obra de Clarín’, La Nueva España (O) (25.3.1984), 15. Summarizes Gonzalo Sobejano’s paper at the Barcelona Symposium.

B24

——, ‘Clarín, como un insecto’, La Nueva España (O) (23.3.1984), 19. Sees an unconsciously sadistic element in some of the scholarly presentations at the Univ. of Barcelona homage to LR.

B25

——, ‘Hispanistas de Estados Unidos homenajearon a Clarín en la Universidad de Georgia’, La Nueva España (O) (16.1.1986), 5. Detailed description of papers and activities during the Oct. 1985 Univ. of Georgia conference.

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——, ‘Juan Oleza: “En La Regenta se proyecta la experiencia personal de Clarín”’, La Nueva España (O) (23.3.1984), 19. Comments on papers by Juan Oleza (‘LR y el mundo del joven Clarín’) and Yvan Lissorgues (‘Ética y estética en SUH’), given at the Barcelona Symposium.

B27

——, ‘Lombardía construye en El Condado su particular homenaje a La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (5.8.1984), 6. On Asturian painter Miguel Ángel Lombardía’s recreation of LR. The unifying color of LR, he says, is grey, the color of la neblina, el orbayu. See B752.

B28

——, ‘Lombardía: “El libro sobre La Regenta aunó un gran número de voluntades”’, La Nueva España (O) (28.10.1984), 5. Remarks during the acto de presentación of B1098.

B29

——, ‘Luis Miravalles: “Rutherford ha recreado perfectamente el mundo de La Regenta”’, La Nueva España (O) (22.7.1984), 7. The Penguin translation of LR, while aimed at a non-specialist audience, was well received by scholars. L.M. was consulted on Spanish colloquialisms.

B30

——, ‘El lunes comienza el principal simposio mundial sobre “Clarín” y La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (21.11.1984), 6. Details on the organization of the 1984 Oviedo Symposium.

B31

——, ‘Masiva participación en el simposio sobre Clarín en Barcelona’, La Nueva España (O) (22.3.1984), 18. Summarizes papers by Emilio Alarcos Llorach, José María Martínez Cachero, Harriet Turner, Antonio Vilanova, Jean-François Botrel, Laureano Bonet, and Frank Durand.

75


——, ‘Presentado el número especial de Los Cuadernos del Norte en un ambiente digno de La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (13.4.1984), 19. Comments on papers given by politician Alfonso Guerra, Pedro de Silva, Juan Cueto Alas, Francisco Ayala and others, and on the mixed reception of the first two in particular.

B33

——, ‘Santiago Melón: “Con el ‘Movimiento de Oviedo’ la Universidad fue una colmena intelectual”’, La Nueva España (O) (30.11.1984), 6. Reports on papers by Botrel, Bonet and S. Melón; and gives details on the excursion to Guimarán during the Oviedo Symposium. See B303.

B34

——, ‘Sergio Beser compara la técnica descriptiva de Clarín con el mejor cine de Hitchcock’, La Nueva España (O) (24.3.1984), 19. Gives summaries of papers by Beser, Richmond, and Rutherford at the Barcelona Symposium.

B35

——, ‘Teresa, el desconocido drama de “Clarín”, vuelve el viernes a la escena ovetense’, La Nueva España (O) (25.11.1984), 5. Actors discuss the difficulties of presenting a talky, non-dramatic play. Also noted are a student production (10 Dec.) and another by the Compañía de Casielles, both in 1930.

B36

——, ‘El 29 de agosto se instalará en El Entrego la escultura de Alba en homenaje a Clarín’, La Nueva España (O) (1.8.1984), 5. Coinciding with the anniversary of LA’s marriage, an abstract, vanguardist sculpture by Fernando Alba will be unveiled.

B37

——, ‘El zoco regentino’, Hojas Universitarias (O), No.0 (Dec. 1984), 12. On the 1984 Symposium in Oviedo; and the identification of Vetusta with Oviedo.

76


Alonso Cortés, Narciso, Ensayos sobre literatura regional castellana (Valladolid: Ámbito Ediciones, 1985), pp.101–4. On the LA-Manuel del Palacio feud. See also 1:B26.

B39

——, Zorrilla. Su vida y sus obras, III (Valladolid: Imprenta Castellana, 1920), pp.117–24, 132, 143–45, 150– 51. Rpts two letters by Z. to LA on Z.’s pension; extracts of paliques from Madrid Cómico (24.5; 19.7.1885); and LA’s comments on El cantar del romero. See 1:B27.

B40

Alonso Jesús, José Ángel, ‘Casimira, la abuela de Carreño, recuerda los paseos de Clarín por Guimarán’, La Nueva España (O) (5.8.1984), 15. Anecdotal. A 102-year-old’s memories.

Alonso Menéndez, Sofía: See Gügel Jiménez, Concepción. B41

Alonso Menéndez, Soledad, & Susana León González, ‘Don Víctor Quintanar: un ejemplo de caracterización cervantina’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.385–94. D. Víctor’s most cervantine trait is his desire to live other lives, ‘ser otro’.

B42

Alonso y Orera, E., ‘Correspondencia española. Revista literaria’, Revista Ilustrada de Nueva York, 12, No.12 (Dec. 1893), 616–20. On El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos; and LA’s ‘misticismo artístico’.

B43

——, ‘Revista teatral. La Dolores.– Teresa’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 13, No.661 (31.8.1895), 554–55. A. y O. liked Teresa, despite its technical faults; notes that some of LA’s critics are not exactly disinterested.

B44

*Alonso y Orera, M., ‘[Mezclilla]’, Don Quijote (M), No.69 [or 64] (Jan. 1889 [?]). A favourable rev. See also Af27.

77


Alonso Villalonga, Juan, ‘Una de “lliteratos”…’, La Nueva España (O) (16.2.1984), 6. On the dispute whether LA is an Asturian or Castilian writer.

B46

Alperi, Víctor, ‘Un caballero de Vetusta’, in “La Regenta” cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.] (1:B1447). An Azorín-like sketch with two characters, un lector viejo and Fermín de Pas.

B47

——, ‘Cervantes, Clarín y Aldecoa’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (27.4.1984), 17. A rev. of Ac8.

B48

——, ‘Después de muchos años, La Regenta camina de nuevo…’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (19.8.1984), 33. Recreates the figure of Ana Ozores in both a repressive nineteenthcentury setting and a more liberated, contemporary one.

B49

Altamira [y Crevea], Rafael, ‘Banquete a “Clarín”’, El Noroeste (Gijón), No.279 (17.11.1897), [1–2]. On a banquet given by El Progreso staff.

B50

—— [pseud.: Fedón], ‘“Clarín” y Palacio Valdés en Italia’ (1:B30). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.225–27.

B51

——, ‘Leopoldo Alas – I. El literato. II. El profesor’ (1:B34). Rpt., in part, as ‘La cátedra de Leopoldo Alas.– Alas y la “Extensión Universitaria”’, in Homenaje a Rafael Altamira en su Centenario (1866–1966), ed. José María Martínez Cachero, Luis Sela Sampil, & Ramón Prieto Bances (Oviedo: Univ., 1967), pp.45–48; and extracted in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), pp.235–38.

B52

Altisent, Marta E., ‘El topos del “viejo verde” en un relato de Clarín’, BHS (Glasgow), 75 (1998), 183–99. A nuanced analysis of ‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’ as emblematic of a decaying, bourgeois culture, filled with deceit and gossip.

78


——, ‘Unamuno y Clarín ante la impostura pedagógica’, Torre (Río Piedras PR), 3, No.10 (1989), 221–42. Focuses on Unamuno’s and LA’s rejection of ‘una pedagogía sistematizada’, the deadening programming of young minds. Clarinian irony and Unamunian paradox are used to advocate a ‘mística de la educación’ based on spiritual bonding and communication between teacher and student.

Álvarez, Carlos Luis [pseud.: Cándido]: See 1:B245 and 1:B1404. B54

Álvarez Buylla, Adolfo, & Pedro Sáinz y Rodríguez, Dos discursos académicos sobre Leopoldo Alas (Oviedo: Univ., 1986). 183 pp. Rpt. of 1:B40 and 1:B1104. Álvarez-Buylla, José Benito: See Anon., ‘Laboratorio de Danza’ (B1648).

B55

Álvarez Vara, Ignacio, ‘La Regenta de la Mancha. La crítica empieza a comparar a Clarín con Cervantes’, Cambio 16 (M), No.645 (9–16.4.1984), 128, 130. (1:B1391) Uses the Baquero Goyanes ed. of LR as a pretext to comment on the centenary success of the novel.

Amaniel [pseud.]: See Urrecha, Federico. B56

Amorós, Andrés, & Luis Revenga, Para leer a Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” (Madrid: Ministerio de Cultura, 1984). An audiovisual on LR, other works of LA and his times. With sixty-seven slides, cassette and script [20 pp.]. Script by A.A.; montage by L.R.

Andrenio [pseud.]: See Gómez de Baquero, Eduardo. B57

Andrés-Suárez, Irene, ‘Notas sobre el soliloquio/monólogo interior y su utilización en El Cid, El Lazarillo, La Celestina, El Quijote y La Regenta’, Versants (Lausanne), 25 (1994), 3–26. Over half of this article deals with inner monologue usage in Ana Ozores and Fermín de Pas.

79


Andreu, Alicia G., ‘La crítica feminista y las obras de Benito Pérez Galdós y Leopoldo Alas’, in Breve historia feminista de la literatura española (en lengua castellana). 3. La mujer en la literatura española (Modos de representación desde el s. XVIII a la actualidad), ed. Iris M. Zavala (Barcelona: Anthropos/Univ. de Puerto Rico, 1996), pp.31– 48. A good summary of current feminist readings of LR (and Galdós’s work). A.G.A. divides the criticism into ‘materialist’ and ‘structuralist and post-structuralist’ camps. Whether emphasizing the significance of ideology or of how ideology is encoded linguistically and culturally, both readings underline a fundamental ambivalence in LA and Galdós concerning the social and literary role of women.

B59

Andreu Valdés-Solís, Martín, ‘Más detalles acerca del sentimiento religioso de “Clarín”’, Región (O) (21.5.1967), 13. (See 1:B1392) Defends LA as a man of religious feeling, much affected by Bishop Sanz y Forés.

B60

——, ‘El sentimiento religioso de Clarín’, Región (O) (15.3.1967), 8. (See 1:B1393) Notes the presence of religious feeling, in LA’s childhood and in writings like Teresa.

B61

Anes Álvarez, Rafael, ‘La economía asturiana, Clarín y La Regenta’, Magister (O), No.3 (May 1985), 159–65. Rpt., slightly rev., as ‘La economía asturiana en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.997– 1004. Extracts references in LR, SUH, ‘El sustituto’, ‘Boroña’, and the prologue to González Velasco’s Tipos y bocetos de la emigración asturiana (1:Ag10), on Asturian mining, factories, the working classes, the railways, commerce, agriculture, cattle-raising, and emigration. Descriptive, not analytical.

Ángel Guerra [pseud.]: See Betancourt, José.

80


Antich e Izaguirre, Claudio [pseud.: Claudio Chitna], ‘Su único hijo (Leopoldo Alas)’, La Vanguardia (B) (9.11.1892), 3. Also supposed to be in *Cartas finiseculares. Enthusiastic rev., but C.C. preferred fewer physiological, naturalist details.

B63

Anuario Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos “Florián de Ocampo” (1985). ‘Ciclo “Leopoldo Alas Clarín”’, pp.803– 46. Papers delivered at the Casa de Cultura, Zamora, 27–28 Nov. 1985. See: B165, 503, 541, 825, 1148.

B64

Aparicio Maydeu, Javier, ‘Clarín a contrapelo: tópicos finiseculares en “Cambio de luz”’, LetP, 9, No.2 (1996), 309–17. Underlines the modernist, aestheticizing character of Jorge Arial in LA’s story.

B65

Apolinário Lourenço, António, ‘O gigante que faltava traduzir’, Jornal de Letras, Artes e Ideías (Lisbon), 7, No.296 (8–14.3.1988), 26–27. Remarks about LA’s biography, the Restoration period, LR, and the Portuguese translation of LR.

Aramís [pseud.]: See Bonafoux [y Quintero], Luis. B66

Aranguren, José Luis L., ‘Una novela “perfecta”’, La Vanguardia (B) (20.3.1984), 44. As a ‘perfect’ novel, well-structured and the last of its kind, LR offers a closed reading, less problematic than a Galdós novel.

B67

Araujo, Joaquim de, ‘Duas palavras’, in Emilio Castelar’s A Historia de Portugal de Oliveira Martins. Trans. Joaquim de Araujo (Porto: Livraria Central, 1884), pp.v–x. Rpt. in Textos y con-textos (see Ab15), pp.237–40. On LA’s and Castelar’s support of a Liga Literaria Hispano-Portuguesa.

81


Arce, Evaristo, ‘Si “Clarín” levantara la cabeza’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [1 p.]. (1:B1447) Imagines the reaction of the public and LA himself if he were writing today.

B69

Arce, Luis Mario, ‘Cachero: “Bonafoux se mostró cruel y zafio en sus ataques a Clarín”’, La Nueva España (O) (9.11.1991), 53. On the origins of the Bonafoux-LA polemic and the presentation of Martínez Cachero’s Hijos de la crítica (see B186).

B70

——, ‘La edición lusa de La Regenta, en las Jornadas Culturales Asturianas de Lisboa’, La Nueva España (O) (14.2.1988), 6. On the presentation of the first Portuguese translation.

B71

Archer, Robert, ‘La Regenta and the Problematics of Reading’, MLR, 87 (1992), 352–57. A noteworthy article on how LA dramatizes subjective misreading in key passages of Chs XVI and XXI, and how a problematics of reading highlights the absence of a moral dimension in current reader-response theory.

B72

Archivum (O), 2, No.1 (1952). 231 pp. Rpt., 1983 (1:B61).

B73

Arechavala, Francisco, ‘Al egregio Clarín’, La Broma (M), 2a época, 2, No.42 (26.10.1882), n. pag. Satiric sonnet.

B74

Arias, Miguel Ángel, ‘Leopoldo Alas Ureña’, in ¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos (see Ad7), pp.7–22. Introductory.

B75

Arias, Pedro G., ‘¡Adiós, Cordera! … (Romance del buen recuerdo)’, Asturias (M), 5, No.41 (July-Aug. 1955), 24–25. A poem inspired by LA’s story and dedicated to daughter Elisa Alas de la Llave.

82


Arias del Valle, Raúl, ‘El clero de Oviedo, en el año de La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (4, 11, 18, 25.5;1, 8, 23, 29.6.1984), 22, 18, 28, 20, 17, 22, 16, 32. Part III is titled ‘El clero ovetense … Tres canónigos de pro’; IV, ‘El clero ovetense … El poder eclesiástico’; V and VI, ‘Los obispos de “Vetusta”’. Archival information on the new Bishop of Oviedo, Sebastián Herrero y Espinosa, in 1882; the clergy of the Cathedral of Oviedo in 1884; the Magistral Cos and other possible historical models for Fermín de Pas; suggested similarities between Fortunato Camoirán in LR and Benito Sanz y Forés; and Fr. Ramón Martínez Vigil’s initial negative reaction to LR.

B77

Armas Ayala, Alfonso, ‘“Clarín”’, in his Galdós: lectura de una vida (Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Caja General de Ahorros de Canarias, 1989), pp.225–37. Reviews the LA-Galdós friendship through their correspondence. Rpts two letters from Galdós dated 24.2 and 6.4.1885, in which he comments on LR.

B78

Arroyo, Francesc, ‘La Universidad de Barcelona rendirá un homenaje al romanista Martín de Riquer’, El País (M) (7.3.1984), 24. Also on the centenary of LR and the 1984 Barcelona Symposium.

B79

Asín Vergara, Rafael, et al, ed., Rafael Altamira 1866–1951 (Alicante: Instituto de Estudios ‘Juan Gil-Albert’/ Diputación Provincial, 1987), pp.28–29, 51, 66, 91. Notes LA’s commentary on R.A.’s 1886 ‘El realismo y la literatura contemporánea’; rpts letter dated 16.10.1893 (see 1:Af1; and Af1); extracts from R.A.’s Cosas del día on LA (see 1:B34); and rpts ‘Proposiciones de la Universidad de Oviedo al Congreso Hispanoamericano’, signed by LA, et al (see Ah103).

B80

Asún Escartín, Raquel, ‘La España Moderna y la novela española’, in her Estudios y ensayos (Alcalá de Henares: Univ., 1991), pp.147–66. Discusses LA’s relationship with the journal; and the publication of

83

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) ‘Una medianía’ therein, as an independent short story rather than part of the SUH trilogy (pp.153–56).

B81

——, ‘El ingenio de la palabra adolescente’, El País (M), (25.8.1985), 4. Rpt. in Estudios y ensayos (see B80), pp.245–46. Rev.-art. of Ab9.

B82

——, ‘La Regenta, un libro con larga historia’, El País (M), (7.4.1985), 8. Rpt. in Estudios y ensayos (see B80), pp.239– 42. Comments on the early editions, the lack of translations until recently, and the long delay in recognizing LR as a masterpiece.

B83

Aullón de Haro, Pedro, Los géneros ensayísticos en el siglo XIX (Madrid: Taurus, 1987), pp.79–81. Sums up LA’s work as a critic.

B84

——, Javier Huerta Calvo, Juan Palette, Pío E. Serrano, & Carlos Tirado, Historia breve de la literatura española en su contexto (1:B95). 2nd ed., 1989, pp.526–30. Avello [pseud.]: See Fernández Rodríguez-Avello, Manuel. Avello, Manuel F.: See Fernández Rodríguez-Avello, Manuel.

B85

Avrett, Robert, ‘The Treatment of Satire in the Novels of Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’ (1:B98). Extracted in TwentiethCentury Literary Criticism (see B1070), pp.2–4.

B86

Ayuso, José Paulino, ‘Devorar para ser devorado. Comentario sobre un arquetipo en La Regenta, de Clarín’, CIF (Logroño), 15 (1989), 25–39. Some interesting commentary on the symbolic and narrative functions of the image of devouring as related to sex, ritual, and victimization, but without regard for earlier critical studies.

Azorín [pseud.]: See Martínez Ruiz, José.

84


Baamonde Traveso, Gloria, ‘Indianos y gachupines: análisis intertextual’, in Actas del IV Simposio Internacional de la Asociación Española de Semiótica: Describir, inventar, transcribir el mundo, II, ed. José Romera Castillo (Madrid: Visor, 1992), pp.537–43. In LR and Valle-Inclán’s Tirano Banderas, indianos are portrayed as outsiders anxious to join the privileged classes, servile, greedy, and hypocritical.

B88

*Babson, Jane Hall, ‘Voices: A Study of Diversity and Transition in Narrative Discourse’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, 1989. 370 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 50, No.10 (1990), 3220A. A Bakhtinian study of the fragmented and interior voice in LR, along with analyses of As I Lay Dying (Faulkner), In the Heart of the Country (J.M. Coetzee), and Widows (Ariel Dorfman).

B89

Bacillus [pseud.], ‘La Pepa y la Juana’, La Avispa (M), 5, No.189 (11.4.1888), 1–2. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.364–65. In the LA-Bonafoux dispute over plagiarism in LR, Bacillus mockingly takes B.’s side.

B90

Báez Marco, María, ‘Consideraciones sobre la posición de Clarín ante el Modernismo’, in Las relaciones literarias entre España e Iberoamérica. Actas del XXIII Congreso del Instituto Internacional de Literatura Iberoamericana (Madrid: Univ. Complutense/Instituto de Cooperación Iberoamericana, 1987), pp.313–19. Suggests that LA was not nearly so hostile to modernismo and LatinAmerican literature as critics have believed.

B91

Balbín de Unquera, A. [pseud.: I.DEN.], ‘¿Palos o Paliques?’, La Unión Católica (M), 9, No.2453 (14.9.1895), [1]. Editorial against a ‘Palique’ on the situation in Cuba, published in El Heraldo de Madrid (30.8.1895).

85


Balcells, José María, ‘Fantasía y erudición literaria en un relato de Clarín. (En torno a “La mosca sabia”)’, in Narrativa fantástica del siglo XIX (España e Hispanoamérica), ed. Jaume Pont (Lleida: Editorial Milenio, 1997), pp.325–33. Notes the burlesque-fantastic element and the influence of Lope de Vega’s Gatomaquia and José de Villaviciosa’s La Mosquea, in ‘La mosca sabia’.

B93

Balzer, Berit, ‘Domesticidad y transgresión: Madame Bovary, Effi Briest y La Regenta’, Estudios de Investigación Franco-Española (Univ. de Córdoba), No.9 (1993), 57–81. The female protagonists of these novels have in common a deficient education, the influence of bad literature, paternalistic husband-figures, cynical future lovers, and no opportunities to become independent.

B94

Baquero Escudero, Ana L., Cervantes y cuatro autores del siglo XIX. (Alarcón, Pereda, Valera y “Clarín”) (Murcia: Univ., 1989). 354 pp. A general study, relying heavily on earlier criticism, of the Cervantine influence in these four authors. Author divides the books into nine sections: explicit references to Cervantes; historical truth vs. poetic truth; narrative voice; characters; perspectivism; creation and criticism; literature-life; the problematics of reality; and other links with Cervantes. See esp. pp.48–57, 67–70, 85–94, 157–65, 198–220, 224, 264–92, 302–18, 336, 340, 345–46, 349–53. Review: 1. Schnepf, Michael A. RQ, 38 (1991), 119–22.

B95

——, ‘Variaciones narrativas en la obra de Clarín’, Salina (Tarragona), No.10 (Nov. 1996), 148–54. Focuses on how LA develops a changing perspective for closely related themes and characters in paired stories such as ‘El sustituto’ / ‘En el tren’, ‘El Rana’ / ‘Un repatriado’, ‘La perfecta casada’ / ‘La imperfecta casada’, and ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’ / ‘La noche-mala del diablo’.

——: See also Ac8.

86


Baquero Goyanes, Mariano, El cuento español: del romanticismo al realismo, ed. Ana L. Baquero Escudero (Madrid: CSIC, 1992), pp.133–36, 182–84, et passim. Recounts the literary quarrel over ‘Pipá’, in which Luis Bonafoux accused LA of plagiarizing from Fernanflor’s story, ‘La Nochebuena de Periquín’; and Clarinian distinctions between novel and story.

B97

——, ‘Los grandes novelistas (IV)’, in his El cuento español (see B96), pp.245–87. Rpts 1:B113, 117, 126.

B98

Barbáchano [García], Carlos [José], ‘“Clarín” y La Regenta’ in III Simposio de Lengua y Literatura Españolas para Profesores de Bachillerato (Oviedo, 22–24 Apr. 1982) (Oviedo: Imp. Gráficas Baraza, 1983), pp.249–57. The script for a radio broadcast, given 31.1.1982, on LA’s life and works.

B99

——, ‘“Clarín” y los jóvenes del 98 (Esbozo de un enfrentamiento generacional a través de la figura de Leopoldo Alas)’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.1005–21. The Generation of 1898 egotistically tried to erase their cultural past and thus commit ‘parricidio espiritual’ against writers like Clarín and Galdós.

B100 ——, ‘“Clarín” y Unamuno, un enfrentamiento generacional’, Los Cuadernos del Norte (O), 10, No.56 (Oct.-Dec. 1989), 77–79. A much treated topic.

B101 ——, ‘El 98 ante el 68: esbozo de un enfrentamiento generacional a través de la figura de Leopoldo Alas’, Estudios Segovianos, 28, Nos 82–84 (1976), 109–34. Essentially the same as B99.

B102 Barbieri, Marie E., ‘Romantic Disillusionment in Clarín’s Su único hijo and Flaubert’s L'Éducation sentimentale’, RomN, 29, No.3 (1989), 183–90. Parallels between the two novels reveal a ‘close ethical-aesthetic affinity’, not a case of plagiarism.

87

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B103 Barcia [Trelles], Augusto, Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” (1:B1394). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), pp.250–56. B104 Bardina, Lidia, ‘Presencia y función del paisaje en el discurso naturalista: Zola, Pardo Bazán y Clarín’, Hispano, No.104 (Jan. 1992), 17–24. A routine look at landscape descriptions as naturalistically determinist in Thérèse Raquin, La Fortune des Rougon, Los Pazos de Ulloa, and ‘Doña Berta’.

B105 Bargiela, Camilo, ‘Modernistas y anticuados’, in his Luciérnagas (Cuentos y sensaciones) (Madrid: Tip. J. Poveda, 1900), pp.xix–xxiii. Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.144–45. LA as an anticuado.

B106 Bark, Ernesto, ‘Decadentismo puro’, Germinal (M), 1, No.31 (3.12.1897), 3–4. Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.112–14. LA as representative of a resurgent ‘mentalidad clerical’.

B107 ——, ‘El Renacimiento literario’, Germinal (M), 1, No.16 (20.8.1897), 9–10. Considers LA representative of a provincial, dull period.

B108 Barrera García, Consuelo, ‘Ana Ozores retorna al tiempo de su infancia’, Notas y Estudios Filológicos (Pamplona), No.7 (1992), 73–105. A descriptive article on the education and childhood of Ana Ozores.

B109 ——, ‘Tiempo monumental en La Regenta’, Notas y Estudios Filológicos (Pamplona), No.8 (1993), 33–55. Concentrates on Víctor Quintanar’s belated sense of inner time and self-awareness as an original variation on the deceived husband literary type.

88

Secondary Material B110 *Barrio, Ana, ‘La Querelle naturaliste dans la presse madrilène avant la Cuestión palpitante, 1881–1882’, unpubl. diss., Univ. de Toulouse, 1979. 254 pp. B111 Barriuso Fernández, Emilio, ‘La función del mar en La Regenta de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.395–411. The sea as an alternative to Vetustan life.

B112 Barroso, Elena, ‘Kinésica y caracterización corporal como marcas discursivas en La Regenta’, Cauce (Sevilla), No.16 (1993), 193–202. On the significance of non-verbal, gestural communication in LR, especially in the last scene.

B113 Basanta, Ángel, ‘La Regenta: comienzo de gran novela’, La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (13.6.1985), n. pag. Comments on how the beginning of LR anticipates the ending.

B114 Bauer, Beth Wietelmann, ‘Confession in La Regenta: the Secular Sacrament’, BHS (Liverpool), 70 (1993), 313–23. Provocative, if at times unclear, analysis of ‘confession as a model for communication, as self-revelation for a real or imagined Other’. Uses psychoanalytic (Lacan) and semiotic (Kristeva) theory to explore the links between language and desire, confession and sexuality, narration and seduction, in LR.

B115 *——, ‘Finales de novela en España: 1881–1892’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1984. 381 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 46, No.1 (1985), 162A. Studies SUH, La desheredada and other works for the variety of endings and degree of narrative openness.

B116 ——, ‘Marta y María: romanticismo y misticismo en Palacio Valdés’, in Estudios sobre Armando Palacio Valdés, ed. Brian J. Dendle & Stephen Miller (Ottawa: Dovehouse, 1993), pp.24–35. Notes a similar exaggerated mysticism in P.V.’s character, María de Elorza, and Ana Ozores.

89

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B117 ——, ‘Novels in Dialogue: Pepita Jiménez and La Regenta’, REH, 25, No.2 (1991), 103–21. A suggestive pairing of LR and Pepita Jiménez and their use of religious (and other) discourses to examine the problematics of false mysticism. Language and truth appear to come together at the end of Valera’s novel, while the foundations of meaning and transcendence are thoroughly shaken in LR.

B118 ——, ‘Something Lost: Translation, Transaction, and Travesty in Clarín’s Su único hijo’, RHM, 48 (1995), 92– 105. Argues that SUH represents a crisis of patriarchy, in which formlessness and chaos reign and the categories of social exchange – language, money and marriage – are eroded and blurred through forms of translation, transaction and travesty.

B119 ——, ‘Su único hijo: la conclusión imposible’, REH, 20, No.3 (1986), 67–79. Concludes, but does not convincingly demonstrate, that SUH’s openendedness, expressed through the question of uncertain paternity, is analogous to a pre-Derridean linguistic crisis of authorship.

B120 Bayle, Françoise, & Marina Romero Frías, ‘Religión y adulterio a través de los objetos en Madame Bovary y La Regenta’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España (see B745), pp.368–84. Singles out objects like curtains and rugs, coaches and gifts, books and fireplaces, grouping them in categories called analogías and divergencias.

B121 Bello Valdés, Meyerín, ‘Modernidad de La Regenta’, UdLH, No.234 (Jan.-Apr. 1989), 135–53. Uses Boris Tomachevski’s fabula / sujet distinctions to analyse the composition and structure of LR.

Belot, Albert: See Ai16. B122 *Benavente, Jacinto, ‘Acuso … polémica literaria’, El País (M) (29.3.1898).

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Secondary Material B123 Benet, Juan, ‘¿Se sentó la duquesa a la derecha de don Quijote?’, in his En ciernes (Madrid: Taurus, 1976), pp.35– 39. Uses the Ch. XIII banquet scene in LR as an example of the ambiguities of fictional spatial order.

B124 Benito Argüelles, Juan, ‘El erotismo en La Regenta’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [3 pp.]. Gives examples.

B125 Bermejo Marcos, Manuel, Don Juan Valera, crítico literario (Madrid: Gredos, 1968), pp.205–7, et passim. Valera’s opinion of LA as critic and novelist never matched Clarín’s enthusiasm for V.

B126 Bernaldo de Quirós, Constancio, El ‘Espartaquismo agrario’ y otros ensayos (Madrid: Ediciones de la Revista de Trabajo, 1973), pp.161, 163–64, 171. 2nd ed. (Madrid: Turner, 1974), pp.54, 57, 66. On LA’s reportage of la Mano Negra in 1882.

B127 Bertrand de Muñoz, Maryse, ‘La articulación temporal en La Regenta de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.413–20. Following Bobes Naves, B. de M. attempts to analyse the various temporal discourses in LR, but comes up mostly with descriptive and quantitative results.

B128 ——, ‘Estudio semiológico del tiempo en los capítulos 3, 4 y 5 de La Regenta’, LdD, 15, No.32 (May-Aug. 1985), 103–32. See B127.

B129 Beser, Sergio, ‘Breve historia de la recuperación de un texto’, La Vanguardia (B) (20.3.1984), 44–45. S.B. reviews the critical vicissitudes and publishing history of LR, noting the importance of the 1952 centennial and the 1966 Alianza ed. in the Clarín revival.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B130 ——, ‘Clarín, crítico literario’, in Siglo XIX, II, ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar, Historia de la literatura española, IX, gen. ed. Víctor García de la Concha (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1998), pp.895–906. Traces the evolution of LA’s criticism.

B131 ——, ‘La crítica y la narrativa en la Restauración’, El País (M) (14.4.1985), 8. LA illustrates the close, symbiotic relationship between literary criticism and the novel in Restoration Spain.

B132 ——, ‘Espacio y objetos en La Regenta’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.211–28. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.47–68. Concludes that the description of objects and space is neither gratuitous nor excessive.

B133 ——, ‘Introducción’, in La Regenta (see Ac13), pp.ix– xxxviii. Discusses the evolution of LA’s ideas about the novel as a way to study the genesis of LR; sums up other critics (F. Durand and Alarcos Llorach, notably) on the structure of LR. With chronology and select bibliography (limited to items published in Spain).

B134 ——, Leopoldo Alas, crítico literario (1:B149). Review: 1. Gutiérrez Girardot, Rafael. Archiv, 208 (1972), 238–40.

B135 Betancourt, José [pseud.: Ángel Guerra], ‘Correo literario. Balance de 1891’, La Justicia (M) (10.1.1892), [3]. On SUH’s sense of interiority; not a popular novel, he says. ‘Lo peor que tiene es la nota sensual de algunos capítulos’.

B136 Bieder, Maryellen, ‘Intertextualizing Genre: Ambiguity as Narrative Strategy in Emilia Pardo Bazán’, in Intertextual Pursuits: Literary Mediations in Modern Spanish Narrative, ed. Jeanne P. Brownlow & John W. Kronik (Lewisburg PA: Bucknell Univ. Press, 1998), pp.57–75.

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Secondary Material

See pp.57–60, 63, for comments on LA’s critique of Insolación and Pardo Bazán as a ‘woman author whose fiction does not conform to his genre expectations’.

B137 *Blake, Miriam, ‘The Problems of Translation’, unpubl. B.A. thesis, Univ. of Southern Mississippi, 1981. 34 pp. On ‘El sustituto’ in English, and other texts.

B138 Blanco, Mercedes, ‘Les Personnages dans l’espace de l’histoire et dans l’espace textuel (La Regenta)’, in Le Personnage en question. Actes du IVe Colloque du S.E.L. (Toulouse-Le Mirail: Univ., 1984), pp.241–49. See especially her discussion of the secondary characters as complacent stumbling-blocks to the protagonists’ desires.

B139 Blanco Asenjo, R[icardo], ‘La literatura en 1885’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 3, No.156 (26.12.1885), 819, 822– 23. Rpt. in part in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.202–4. The malice and incompetence of many critics have obscured the significance of LR.

B140 Blanco Gómez, Emilio F., ‘El asedio al castillo: motivo tradicional en La Regenta’, Epos (M), 6 (1990), 443–53. Discusses how the traditional image of Ana as castle (‘fortaleza inexpugnable’) is symbolic of a power struggle between Fermín de Pas and Álvaro Mesía, over possession of la Regenta.

B141 Blanco de Lalama, María Asunción, ‘Ana Ozores y La Regenta: del personaje romántico a la novela naturalista’, Rilce (Univ. de Navarra), 9, No.2 (1993), 153–69. In the play between Ana’s romantically delineated character and the weight of socially determined forces, the role of imagination tilts the character toward fulfilling her desires, while irony turns romanticism into its own parody.

B142 Blasco, Eusebio, ‘Clarín’, El Heraldo de Madrid (14.6.1901), [1]. 93

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Despite having personally felt the sting of LA’s barbs, E.B. praises Clarín as an honest, fearless critic and writer.

B143 *——, ‘Leopoldo Alas Clarín’, Relieves (M), 138 (21.6.1901). (See 1:B1395) B144 Bleton, Claude, ‘Préface’, in Son fils unique (see Ai17), pp.9–11. Sketchy introd. to the French translation of SUH.

B145 Bly, Peter A., ‘La calle vetustense y el árbol madrileño, o la estructuración paródica del escalafón de personajes de La Regenta y Fortunata y Jacinta’, Siglo Diecinueve (Literatura Hispánica), No.1 (1995), 215–21. Notes how LA creates a parodic, interconnecting molecular scheme to link secondary and main characters; in contrast to Galdós’s genealogical tree, he uses the image of streets and neighbourhoods to imagine Vetustan society.

B146 ——, ‘La fe: Palacio Valdés Looks Back to Alas and Forward to Unamuno’, RQ, 35 (1988), 339–46. Sees echoes of LR in La fe (1892) as a critique of religion; and notes LA’s appreciation of La fe.

B147 Bobadilla, Emilio [pseud.: Fray Candil], ‘Baturrillo’, Madrid Cómico, 8, No.272 (5.5.1888), 3, 6. Rpt. in his Triquitraques (Madrid: Fernando Fe, 1892), pp.77–82. In reviewing Museum, E.B. agrees with LA’s harsh view of Pardo Bazán as a novelist, but continues to throw darts at LA anyway.

B148 ——, ‘Dulce y sabrosa (Novela de J.O. Picón)’, in Triquitraques (see B147), pp.25–35. LA compares unfavorably to Picón as a writer. SUH is an ‘aborto’ in which Clarín ‘patologiza a tontas y a locas’ and creates in Emma Valcárcel a case of hysteria (pp.34–35).

B149 Bobes Naves, María del Carmen, ‘Algunos valores añadidos en La Regenta: metáforas cinematográficas’, La Nueva España (O) (29.12.1984), 2.

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Secondary Material Examples include the visual associations established between don Álvaro and a peacock, and Fermín de Pas and feline sinuosity.

B150 ——, ‘Algunos valores semióticos del diálogo narrativo’, in Investigaciones semióticas, I. Actas del I Simposio Internacional de la Asociación Española de Semiótica (Toledo) (Madrid: CSIC, 1986), pp.75–92. Rpt. as ‘Los diálogos en La Regenta: procesos verbales interactivos’, in her Comentario semiológico de textos narrativos (Oviedo: Univ., 1991), pp.233–48. Dialogue in LR transgresses the norms of conversation and language in general.

B151 ——, ‘Clarín 1852–1901’, in Siete siglos de autores españoles, ed. Kurt & Theo Reichenberger (Kassel: Edition Reichenberger, 1991), pp.251–55. Introductory pp. on LA and LR.

B152 ——, ‘De Pas no se pintaba’, La Nueva España (O) (5.12.1984), 7. B.N. corrects the impression of a reader of LR – Gamallo Fierros – that de Pas is a latent homosexual and uses cosmetics.

B153 ——, ‘El diálogo en la novela’, in Comentario semiológico de textos narrativos (see B150), pp.205–31. Pp. 223–27: on LA’s opinions of Galdós’s novelistic use of dialogue.

B154 ——, ‘El espacio literario en La Regenta’, Archivum (O), 33 (1983), 118–30. Rpt. in Comentario semiológico de textos narrativos (see B150), pp.165–77. Like C. Richmond (1:B1041), B.N. concentrates on the mirada of characters as a spatial form. She also discusses the ‘iconic’ (i.e., metaphoric) relationship between character and physical space.

B155 ——, ‘Filosofía y construcción de la novela’, Anthropos (B), No.129 (Feb. 1992), 50–55. Uses LR as an example of narrative introspection in which the characters echo the voice of the author/narrator.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B156 ——, ‘La literatura, signo de recepción crítica. Perspectivas actuales en el análisis semiológico del relato’, in La literatura como signo, ed. José Romera Castillo (Madrid: Playor, 1981), pp.291–312. Rpt. as ‘Perspectivas actuales en el análisis semiológico del relato’, in Comentario semiológico de textos narrativos (see B150), pp.13–36. See pp.300, 306–10, et passim, for an analysis of character function in LR and the relationship of characters to time and space.

B157 ——, ‘La Regenta desde la estética de la recepción’, LdD, 15, No.32 (May-Aug. 1985), 7–24. Hampered by theoretical jargon, B.N. tries to combine semiotics and reader-reception theory in order to discuss LR as an open novel given to indeterminant meanings.

B158 ——, ‘Retórica del personaje novelesco’, Castilla (Univ. de Valladolid), No.11 (1986), 37–55. Rpt. as ‘El personaje novelesco’, in Comentario semiológico de textos narrativos (see B150), pp.131–53. A semiological analysis of Fermín de Pas, as an indicator and function of LR’s composition.

B159 ——, ‘Significado y función de los personajes secundarios, en la novela cumbre de Leopoldo Alas’ (1:B182). Rpt. as ‘Los personajes secundarios en La Regenta: significado y función’, in Comentario semiológico de textos narrativos (see B150), pp.155–63. B160 ——, ‘Los signos para la construcción del personaje de novela’, in Teoría semiótica. I. Actas del Congreso Internacional sobre Semiótica e Hispanismo (Madrid, 20– 25 June 1983), ed. Miguel Ángel Garrido Gallardo (Madrid: CSIC, 1984), pp.499–508. On pp.505–8: B.N. discusses character ambiguity created out of the polyvalent use of adjectives; and analyses descriptive markers as a way to set up oppositions in LR.

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Secondary Material B161 ——, ‘Spanisch: Pragmalinguistik/Pragmalingüística’, in Lexikon der Romanistischen Linguistik (LRL), VI, 1: Aragonesisch/Navarresisch, Spanisch, Asturianisch/ Leonesisch – Aragonés/navarro, español, asturiano/leonés, ed. Günter Holtus, Michael Metzeltin & Christian Schmitt (Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1992), pp.223–32. LR is one of four textual examples used to discuss this approach.

B162 ——, ‘Técnicas narrativas en La Regenta: efectos especulares’, El Correo de Asturias (O) (8–10.1.1988). Rpt., slightly revised, in Varia hispánica. Homenaje a Alberto Porqueras Mayo, ed. Joseph L. Laurenti & Vern G. Williamsen (Kassel: Edition Reichenberger, 1989), pp.19– 29; and in Comentario semiológico de textos narrativos (see B150), pp.119–30. A suggestive series of three articles, in which B.N. focuses on two types of specularity: the reader’s identification with characters and text; and the narrative technique of mise-en-abyme, as seen especially in Ch. XVI of LR.

B163 ——, Teoría general de la novela. Semiología de ‘La Regenta’ (Madrid: Gredos, 1985). 395 pp. *2nd printing, 1993. B.N. uses a semiotic approach to demonstrate that LR is an ‘ejercicio de libertad’, in which characters are not predetermined but held accountable for their actions. As Mandrell (B163.7) notes, the book has two, sometimes conflicting aims: a general presentation of semiotic theory and an individual reading of LR, with a not clearly defined audience in mind. Readings of specific passages and motifs such as confession are quite worthwhile. Reviews: 1. Antonio Domínguez, Valentina de. ALE (Alicante), 5 (1986–87), 563–65. 2. Bortolussi, Marisa. RCEH, 12 (1988), 494–97. 3. García Sarriá, Francisco. BHS (Liverpool), 63 (1986), 104–6. 4. Haverbeck Ojeda, Erwin. EFil (Valdivia, Chile), No.22 (1987), 104–8. 5. Kronik, John W. HR, 55 (1987), 392–94. 6. Maestro, Jesús G. BIDEA (O), 42, No.128 (Oct.-Dec. 1988), 965–68. 7. Mandrell, James. Hispania, 70 (1987), 502–4.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) 8. Martínez San Martín, Ángel. RL, 47, No.94 (1985), 300–4. 9. Míguez, José Antonio. Ínsula, No.472 (Mar. 1986), 19. 10. Romera Castillo, José. Epos (M), 2 (1986), 371. 11. Sieburth, Stephanie. AGald, 23 (1988), 160–62.

B164 ——, ‘El tiempo en el relato’, Torre (Río Piedras PR), 30, No.115 (1982), 101–30. Rpt. in Comentario semiológico de textos narrativos (see B150), pp.179–203. Concentrates on the narrative contrast between past and present as an unstable process, thus enabling a character like Ana Ozores to make choices.

B165 ——, ‘Tiempo y espacio en La Regenta’, Anuario Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos ‘Florián de Ocampo’ (1985), 810–19. Singles out three narrative nuclei: the Confession, the Procession, and the Adultery; notes that the first part of LR represents a ‘spatialization of the story’, and the second part, a ‘temporalization of the story’; and stresses the contingent, rather than deterministic, nature of actions in the novel.

B166 ——, ‘La Valeur sémiotique du temps dans le récit’, Kodikas/Code (Tübingen), 7, Nos 1–2 (1984), 107–20. LR becomes a semiotic illustration of time as a sign, in which the combined expression of calendar time and Ana’s ‘lived [literary] time’ points to a conflict between determinism and a willed future.

B167 ——, ‘Valor sémico del tiempo en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.247–65. Much of this is found in B164.

B168 Bofill, Pedro, ‘Mi noche buena. Divagaciones sobre Mezclilla, de Clarín’, Madrid Cómico, 9, No.307 (5.1.1889), 19, 22. Enthusiastic rev.

B169 *Boixet, Ezequiel [pseud.: Juan Buscón], ‘Busca, buscando’, La Vanguardia (B) (15.6.1901).

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Secondary Material B170 Bonafoux [y Quintero], Luis [pseud.: Aramís], ‘Arriba el telón’, La Regencia (M) (14.10.1887), n. pag. Tweaks Alas’s nose before attacking the immorality of the theatre. Rpt. in his Coba (Madrid: Imprenta Popular, 1889), pp.22–26; and in La España de Bonafoux, ed. José Luis Cano (Madrid: Ediciones Libertarias, 1990), pp.126–28.

B171 ——, ‘Boutade’, in Hijos de la crítica (see B186), pp.139– 40. Orig. in *El Heraldo de París (1.6.1901). Continues accusing Clarín of plagiarism.

B172 ——, ‘Clarín, folletista’, in Hijos de la crítica (see B186), pp.37–43; and in his Literatura de Bonafoux, ed. Socorro Girón, 2nd ed. (Río Piedras: Univ. de Puerto Rico/Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, 1989), pp.239–45 (see also 1:B185). B173 ——, ‘Cuba desguarnecida’, El Heraldo de Madrid (17.10.1895), [1]. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.389–92. For once, B. defends LA, in the dispute with the Spanish Navy over the shipwreck of the Barcáiztegui.

B174 ——, ‘De López y otros excesos’, in his Huellas literarias (Paris: Garnier Hermanos, 1894), pp.157–64. Rpt. in La España de Bonafoux (see B170), pp.195–200. Tears apart Luis París’s glowing rev. of Doña Berta, Cuervo, Superchería. See B1017.

B175 ——, ‘Dedicatoria’, in Huellas literarias (see B174), pp.v–xi. B. explains why he is reprinting Yo y el plagiario Clarín: to fill out the book.

B176 ——, ‘Doña Berta, Cuervo, Superchería’, in Hijos de la crítica (see B186), pp.127–34 (see also 1:B187).

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B177 ——, ‘Explosión de un traductor’, in Hijos de la crítica (see B186), pp.141–47 (see also 1:B188). B178 ——, ‘Novelistas tontos. Don Leopoldo Alas (a) Clarín’, in Hijos de la crítica (see B186), pp.29–35; and in Literatura de Bonafoux (see B172), pp.231–37 (see also 1:B190). B179 ——, ‘Paréntesis. Más plagios de Don Leopoldo. I’, La Regencia (M) (25.11.1887), n. pag. Obsessed with Clarín, B. calls him ‘esa histérica cursi de Vetusta’, and later, ‘[y] cursi, con irresistible vocación a cursi’.

B180 ——, ‘Paréntesis. Más plagios de don Leopoldo. Periquín y Pipá. II’, La Regencia (M) (26.11.1887), n. pag. Accuses LA of plagiarizing Fernanflor and B. himself.

B181 ——, ‘Suscripción’, in Hijos de la crítica (see B186), pp.135–36 (see also 1:B191). B182 ——, ‘Suscripción’, in Hijos de la crítica (see B186), pp.137–38 (see also 1:B192). B183 ——, ‘Teatros’, La Regencia (M) (30.10.1887), n. pag. Continues to call LA a plagiarist, even of B. himself.

B184 ——, ‘Teatros. Errata teatral’, La Regencia (M) (5.11.1887), n. pag. Directed to ‘Sr Cajista de la Sección de Teatros’ for an erratum, that leads him to bring up LA again, ‘el Cánovas de los paliqueros’.

B185 ——, ‘Yo y el plagiario Clarín’, in Hijos de la crítica (see B186), pp.79–126. Rpt of 1:B193. B186 ——, & Leopoldo Alas, Hijos de la crítica. Un enfrentamiento que hizo historia, ed. José María Martínez Cachero, Colección Anaquel Cultural Asturiano, 6 (Oviedo: Grupo Editorial Asturiano, 1991). 149 pp.

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Secondary Material Contents: ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” y Luis Bonafoux “Aramís”: historia de una enemistad literaria’, by J.M. Martínez Cachero; articles by Bonafoux (see B171, 172, 176, 177, 178, 181, 182, and 185); and by Alas (see Ah86). With annotations and illus. See also B836. Review: 1. Gracia Noriega, José [Ignacio]. La Nueva España (O) (18.8.1991), viii.

B187 Bonet [Mojica], Laureano, ‘Campoamor en Clarín: la estrategia de la araña’, Ínsula, No.575 (Nov. 1994), 20–23. Traces of Campoamor in LA’s writings are found in the self-conscious, deeply subjective artist as represented in Campoamor’s figure of the spider spinning a web of creation (and creativity) out of its own being and substance.

B188 ——, ‘“Clarín”, Jean Paul, Baudelaire: un tríptico simbolista’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.951–83. A suggestive essay on the symbolist elements of LA’s writings. Using texts from Solos and ‘Viaje redondo’, B. shows how Clarín, like Jean Paul and Baudelaire, reworks the old topoi of the liber naturae and the signatura rerum into the symbolist message of mysterious, higher realities which only the poet can read or hear.

B189 ——, ‘Clarín y las heridas de la cultura’, La Vanguardia (B) (20.3.1984), 45. Rpt., revised, in Dianium (Denia, Alicante), 4 (1989), 313–19. On LA’s intuition that culture is inadequate in meeting the desires of life. Sees parallels between the nausea motif in LR and Sartre’s La Nausée.

B190 ——, ‘J.M. Martínez Cachero y Gonzalo Sobejano: dos visiones complementarias de Clarín’, Ínsula, Nos 470–71 (Jan.-Feb. 1986), 7–8. Rev.-art. of B841 and 1340.

B191 ——, ‘Liberalismo y heterodoxia en Clarín: un libro de Yvan Lissorgues’, Ínsula, No.466 (Sept. 1985), 3. Rpt. in B739, pp.7–11. A favourable rev.-art. of La Pensée philosophique et religieuse de Leopoldo Alas (1:B662). L.B. stresses LA’s constant spiritual

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) preoccupation and his rejection of positivism as an inadequate instrument for probing a complex reality.

B192 ——, Literatura, regionalismo y lucha de clases (Galdós, Pereda, Narcís Oller y Ramón D. Perés) (Barcelona: Univ., 1983), pp.23–25, 36–38, 44. Discusses LA’s view of Catalan critic Ramón D. Perés as a cosmopolitan and modernist; and compares their critical approaches to Galdós’s Realidad.

B193 ——, ‘El naturalismo en España: unas páginas juveniles de Rafael Altamira’, Ínsula, No.514 (Oct. 1989), 14–15. Discusses LA’s reaction toward Altamira’s 1886 ‘El realismo y la literatura contemporánea’.

B194 ——, ‘La presencia de “Clarín” en La Ilustración Gallega y Asturiana: unos textos olvidados’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.93–107. Synthesizes the history of this journal; and comments on notices and remarks made by others about LA, as well as LA’s own writings published in the Ilustración. Rpts LA’s ‘Pulso la lira, y en las cuerdas de oro’ (see Ah61); A. Vicenti’s rev. of La lucha por el derecho (see B1494); M. San Juan’s ‘Don Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’ (see B1280), and his ‘Boletín científico-literario’ on LA’s Ateneo talk about naturalism (see B1279); and LA’s ‘La Universidad de Oviedo. Discurso de don Rafael Ureña’ (see Ah119).

B195 ——, ‘Temporalidad, memoria y ensueño en la obra de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.121–43. L.B. discusses the metaphoric value and nuances of music in SUH, LR, and other texts as an indication of how LA anticipates modernismo and fin de siècle symbolism.

B196 Botrel, Jean-François, ‘Alquimia y saturación del erotismo en La Regenta’, in Discurso erótico y discurso transgresor en la cultura peninsular. Siglos XI al XX, ed. Myriam DíazDiocaretz & Iris M. Zavala (Madrid: Tuero, 1992), pp.109– 27. Contextualizes the erotic imagination saturating the novel.

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Secondary Material B197 *——, ‘Los años de aprendizaje de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” (1875–1880)’, Mémoire pour le diplôme d’Études Supérieures, Univ. de Rennes, Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, 1963. 196 leaves, typescript. According to B., this is an earlier synthesis of his Introd. to Preludios de Clarín (1:Ab28).

B198 ——, ‘“Clarín”’, in Romanticismo y realismo. Primer suplemento, ed. Iris M. Zavala. Historia y crítica de la literatura española, 5/1, gen. ed. Francisco Rico (Barcelona: Crítica, 1994), pp.333–52. A useful bibliographical review of Clarín-related publications from 1982 to 1993.

B199 ——, ‘“Clarín” y el Madrid Cómico. Historia de una colaboración (1883–1901)’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.3–24. Rpt. in his Libros, prensa y lectura en la España del siglo XIX (Madrid: Fundación Germán Sánchez Ruipérez, 1993), pp.471–99. Basing his research on Clarín’s seventy-odd letters written to Sinesio Delgado, director of Madrid Cómico, J.-F. B. gives a penetrating analysis of LA’s conflicts with his editor and the contradictory nature of public personality versus private persona in Clarín.

B200 ——, ‘La creación y su función en la obra de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.103–19. Extracted as ‘Escribir es vivir’ in Romanticismo y realismo. Primer suplemento (see B198), pp.353–55. For J.-F. B., the function of Clarinian creativity is three-fold: alimentaria (economic); demiúrgica (didactic and influential); and terapeútica (imaginative and compensatory). Offers insights into LA’s complex, tormented personality, suggesting that his writing may have substituted for the confessional. See also Ah52.

B201 ——, ‘De periodista a periodista: diez cartas de “Clarín” a Luis París’, LdD, 15, No.32 (May-Aug. 1985), 171–84.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Letters written between 16 Apr. 1892 and 13 Dec. 1895, in which LA offers his support to a freelance journalist in need of work and reacts to the critical failure of Teresa. See also Af15.

B202 ——, ‘Ensayo bibliográfico sobre Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’, Mémoire pour le diplôme d’Études Supérieures, Univ. de Rennes, Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, 1963. 38 leaves, typescript. Early research by a top Clarín scholar.

B203 ——, ‘Novela e ilustración: La Regenta leída y vista por Juan Llimona, Francisco Gómez Soler y demás (1884– 1885)’, in Del Romanticismo al Realismo. Actas del I Coloquio, Sociedad de Literatura Española del Siglo XIX (Barcelona, 24–26 Oct. 1996), ed. Luis F. Díaz Larios & Enrique Miralles (Barcelona: Univ., 1998), pp.471–86. Notes the subordinant role of the drawings in LR, the absence of erotic motifs and the relatively low interpretive content in the illustrations.

B204 ——, ‘La Regenta mise en livre’, in Hommage à Simone Saillard. Textures. Cahiers du Centre d’Études Méditerranéennes Ibériques et Ibéro-Américaines (Lyon: Univ. Lumière-Lyon 2, 1998), pp.11–23. A detailed description of the first edition of LR, its illustrations, and place in the collection, ‘Biblioteca de Arte y Letras’.

B205 ——, ‘Le Roman en Espagne au temps de La Regenta: tendances et statistiques’, in Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”: “La Regenta” (see B714), pp.5–22. An overview of novelistic production (both French translations and Spanish originals) during the years 1878–91 contextualizes LR.

B206 ——, ‘71 cartas de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” a Sinesio Delgado, director de Madrid Cómico (y seis de Manuel del Palacio)’, BRIDEA (O), 51, No.149 (1997), 7–53. The letters (1883–99, and possibly later) are annotated, with an índice diccionario of names, and an appendix of six letters from poet Manuel

104

Secondary Material del Palacio to Sinesio Delgado on the 1889 literary dispute between LA and Palacio. See also Af3.

——: See also Ai16. B207 Bouzo, Carlos, ‘Notas sobre la enfermedad de Clarín y algunos refranes médicos’, Estudios (M), 41, No.148 (1985), 177–84. LA’s headaches were caused by his left-handedness.

B208 Boyer, Denis, ‘Las imágenes (comparaciones y metáforas) en el cuento “¡Adiós, Cordera!” de Clarín’, Iris (Montpellier), 2 (1985), 1–13. His conclusion: metaphors and comparisons reinforce the system of binary oppositions in ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’.

B209 Bravo-Villasante, Carmen, Biografía de don Juan Valera (Barcelona: Aedos, 1959), pp.235, 266–67. On LA’s opinion of Valera’s work, especially his poetry.

B210 Brenan, Gerald, ‘Clarín un poco pesadín’, Papeles Cine (Casa Municipal de Cultura, Avilés), 4, No.19–C (June 1984), 80. Excerpt from his The Literature of the Spanish People (Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1951). See also B1712.

B211 Brent, Albert, Leopoldo Alas and “La Regenta”: A Study in Nineteenth Century Spanish Prose Fiction (1:B211). Extracted in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism (see B1070), pp.7–8. B212 Bretz, Mary Lee, Voices, Silences and Echoes: A Theory of the Essay and the Critical Reception of Naturalism in Spain (London: Tamesis Books Ltd, 1992), pp.75–77, 85–86, 89– 91, et passim. Analyses LA’s changing rhetorical and ideological stance toward Emilia Pardo Bazán and naturalism.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B213 Brey, Gérard, ‘Aparece la primera traducción francesa de La Regenta’, La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña), 5, No.342 (19.11.1987). In ‘Cuaderno de Cultura’ section. Interviews Jean-François Botrel and Yvan Lissorgues on the publishing event of LR in French.

B214 ——, & Roland Forgues, ‘Algunas rebeliones campesinas en la literatura española: Mano Negra, Jerez, Casas Viejas y Yeste’, in La cuestión agraria en la España contemporánea, ed. José Luis García Delgado (Madrid: Editorial Cuadernos para el Diálogo/Edicusa, 1976), pp.329–61. On ‘Un jornalero’ and LA’s ambiguous attitude toward working-class rebellion (pp.339–41).

B215 Broto Salanova, Justo, ‘José María Llanas Aguilaniedo o el emotivismo’, in B749, pp.xiii–cvi. On LA’s early appreciation of Alma contemporánea (pp.lxxix–lxxxiii). See also B240.

B216 Broutá y Herlinvaux, Julio [pseud.: Roger de Flor], ‘Contiendas literarias. Respuesta a Clarín’, El Heraldo de Madrid, Ed. de la noche (9.5.1895), [3]. Responds to a ‘Palique’ by LA in El Heraldo de Madrid (25.4.1895), in which he criticises Roger de Flor’s nitpicking over anachronisms in a Pardo Bazán story.

B217 Bueno Martínez, Gustavo, ‘Los filósofos en La Regenta’, Vetusta (O), No.0 (Apr. 1984), 20. Rpt. in his Sobre Asturias (Oviedo: Pentalfa Ediciones, 1991), pp.43–46. Author strains to make characters like Álvaro Mesía, Fermín de Pas and even Ana Ozores conform to certain philosophical attitudes.

B218 Bull, William, ‘The Naturalistic Theories of Leopoldo Alas’ (1:B220). Extracted in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism (see B1070), pp.4–7. Buscón, Juan [pseud.]: See Boixet, Ezequiel.

106

Secondary Material B219 Bustillo, Eduardo, Campañas teatrales (Crítica dramática) (Madrid: Est. Tipográfico ‘Sucesores de Rivadeneyra’, 1901), pp.29–31. On LA’s notion of the teatro de ensayo and the need for experimentation and broader horizons on the Spanish stage.

B220 Busto, Marino, ‘Explicación de Marino Busto en la visita a Guimarán’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.xxxi–xxxvi. On the history of the Alas family’s country house in Guimarán, Clarín’s attachment to it, and his up-and-down relationship with the local residents.

B221 ——, ‘Josefa González, conocedora de “Clarín” en Guimarán, cumple 101 años’, El Comercio (Gijón) (21.4.1988), 48. Remembers LA as a ‘persona muy seca, poco hablador, siempre mirando a las nubes como pensativo’.

B222 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” y Guimarán de Carreño’, El Noroeste (Gijón) (31.12.1978), 18. (1:B1397) On LA’s nervous temper when immersed in writing; and the changing reactions of his Guimarán neighbours (from hostile to sympathetic) over the years.

B223 Busto Menéndez, [María] Concepción Erundina, ‘Algunos aspectos sobre las enfermedades de Clarín’, Candás 87 (1987), 37–38. Clarín’s tuberculosis was probably family-related.

B224 ——, ‘Carreño en la vida y obra de Clarín’, Candás 86 (1986), 41–45. On the family connections with Guimarán (Carreño) and the regional presence in LA’s writing.

B225 ——, ‘Réquiem por la casa de un poeta, un viejo molino y el escenario de “Boroña”’, Candás 88 (1988), 25–26. Mourns the destruction of the real-life rural setting of ‘Boroña’, the ‘bosque de la Voz’.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Buylla, Adolfo A.: See Álvarez Buylla, Adolfo. Buylla y G. Alegre, Adolfo A.: See Álvarez Buylla, Adolfo. B226 Buylla y Godino, José, ‘Conferencias’, in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), pp.138–213. Buylla’s class notes for LA’s 1899–1900 first-year law course.

B227 *——, Examen de las doctrinas de Alas acerca de las relaciones del Derecho y la Moralidad, Folleto premiado en el Concurso Literario de la Unión Escolar Ovetense, 1903. Cited in García Sánchez, p.114 (B516).

B228 *Buys, Anne, ‘Les Structures narratives dans l’œuvre de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, Verhandeling voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Licentiaat in de Letteren en Wijsbegeerte, groep Romaanse filologie door Anne Buys, Rijkuniversiteit Gent. Fakulteit der Letteren & Wijsbegearte, Romaanse filologie, 1971–72. 126 leaves, typescript. C.M.: See Opisso y Viñas, Alfredo. B229 *C.W., ‘Bibliographie. Folletos literarios, III, Apolo en Pafos’, Revue du Monde Latin (Montpellier), 13 (Sept.Dec. 1887), 142. B230 Caballero, Oscar, ‘Francia descubre La Regenta, un siglo después de su publicación’, La Vanguardia (B) (22.9.1987). Rpt. in Spain. Boletín Cultural, No.71 (Oct. 1987), 15. Comments on the French translation of LR and its critical reception in France.

B231 Cabezas, Juan Antonio, Asturias: catorce meses de guerra civil (Madrid: Gregorio del Toro, Editor, 1975), pp.15–17, 99–102. 108

Secondary Material Suggests that Leopoldo Alas Argüelles’s execution on 20 Feb. 1937 took place in part out of nationalist hatred for his father Clarín’s liberalism.

B232 ——, “Clarín”, el provinciano universal (1:B229). Review: 1. Otero Pérez, Jesús. La Comarca (Ribadeo), 42, No.4014 (26.10.1962), [1].

B233 ——, Crónica de cien años de Asturias 1880–1980 (Oviedo: Caja de Ahorros de Asturias, 1980), pp.9, 23–30, 32–37, 103. On LA’s stand over the Carbayón controversy; the scandal of LR in Oviedo; LA’s participation in local government; his role in developing the Extensión Universitaria and the Teatro Campoamor; his role during the Gijón strike; his literary and political disciples Pérez de Ayala and Melquíades Álvarez; his last days; and the execution of his son Leopoldo in 1937.

B234 ——, Morir en Oviedo. Historia en directo (Vivencias de un periodista) (Madrid: San Martín, 1984), pp.50–52, 142– 43, 201–3. Talks about gathering material in 1934 for his biography (1:B229); and the execution of LA’s son Leopoldo during the Civil War.

B235 ——, ‘La Regenta y Vetusta’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.]. On the composition of LR; its reception, then and now.

B236 ——, ‘Los últimos años de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.25–32. A narrative of LA’s last years, his premature aging and final illness.

B237 Cabo Martínez, María Rosa, ‘Homenaje a Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” con motivo del primer centenario de la publicación de su novela La Regenta’, Magister (O), No.2 (Apr. 1984), 231–36. (1:B1398) C.M. rpts two letters from LA to Zorrilla and contrasts the economic and literary circumstances of the two writers. See Af24; also 1:Af34 and 1:B240.

109

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B238 Cabrera, G., ‘Juan Cueto y Martínez Cachero analizaron a Clarín y su Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (15.3.1984), 17. The presentation of Baquero Goyanes’s ed. of LR and talks on the literary context surrounding LR (Cueto) and the internal process structuring the novel (Martínez Cachero).

B239 Calderón, Alfredo, ‘Desde Madrid. “Clarín”’, *El Mercantil Valenciano (16.6.1901). Rpt. as ‘Clarín’ in *La Publicidad (B) (17.6.1901); in El Noroeste (Gijón), 5, No.1553 (18.6.1901), [1]; and in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.169–72. Extracted in ‘Confluencias generacionales’ (see B22), pp.228–29. A friend mourns LA’s death as a personal and national loss.

B240 Calvo Carilla, José Luis, ‘Clarín y Aragón (Dos notas bibliográficas)’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.132–33. Comments on 1:B1077; and J.M. Llanas Aguilaniedo’s admiration for LA, in Alma contemporánea (see B749).

B241 ——, ‘La heroína modernista (La mujer finisecular en las novelas de Llanas Aguilaniedo)’, ALE (Alicante), No.8 (1992), 25–35. Interesting comparison between Ana Ozores and María de los Ángeles Pacheco, of Del jardín del amor (1902), as tormented, modern souls.

B242 *Campa, Hermógenes de la, ‘[Benito Sanz y Forés]’, El Correo de Asturias (O), No.1747 (15.11.1895). Corroborates certain character traits of Fermín de Pas as those of Sanz y Forés. Cited in B818, p.509.

B243 Campo, Pilar, ‘Amparo Carral, una anciana ovetense que conoció a “Clarín”’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (15.5.1984), 40. Remembers Clarín as ‘un señor bastante rarín, con barbas’, a left-wing atheist, with whom her conservative father wanted few contacts for his daughter.

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Secondary Material B244 ——, ‘Gran éxito del simposio sobre “Clarín” y La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (2.12.1984), 17. Sums up Alarcos Llorach’s paper on LR and the closing remarks of the Oviedo Symposium.

B245 ——, ‘La sátira periodística de Clarín, aparece en Madrid Cómico’, La Voz de Asturias (O ) (30.11.1984), 40. On J.-F.Botrel’s paper at the Oviedo Symposium.

B246 ——, ‘Solamente Vetusta podía haber inspirado La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (30.11.1984), 40. Round-table with Marino Gómez Santos, Manuel Avello and Juan Antonio Cabezas at the Oviedo Symposium.

B247 Campos, Emilio [pseud.: Conde, Ernesto], ‘Los escenarios de La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (8,15,22,29.7; 5,12,19,26.8; 2,9.9.1984), 30, 30, 30, 35, 28, 32, 29, 28, 26, 28, 28. Makes identifications between historical churches, parks and walkways, convents, residences of Campomanes and Cimadevilla Streets, the arms factory of Oviedo, as well as coastal settings (Gijón, Guimarán), and fictional ones in LR. Identifying characters with real-life people is, however, he says, risky. Yet he swears there was a real Ana Ozores in Oviedo.

B248 Canals, Salvador, ‘Tribuna libre (Polémica literaria): ¡Al maestro … psh!’, El Heraldo de Madrid (29.10.1896), [2]. A reply to LA’s ‘Palique’ of 26 Oct., in which he attacked Canals’s El año teatral.

Cándido [pseud.]: See Álvarez, Carlos Luis. B249 Canella Secades, Fermín, Historia de la Universidad de Oviedo, 2nd ed. (Oviedo: Imp. de Flórez, Gusano y Compañía, 1903–4), pp.244–45. Facs. ed. (Oviedo: Univ., 1985). On the reaction to LA’s death. See also 1:B246.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B250 Cantavella, Juan, ‘Epistolarios de escritores: escritura y persona’, CHA, No.463 (Jan. 1989), 127–37. Pp.127–28: on the importance of LA’s correspondence for understanding LR.

B251 Canto Nieto, José Ramón del, ‘Introducción’, in Su único hijo (see Ac38), pp.5–23. Routine introductory pages, with parallels drawn between LA and Unamuno.

B252 Carande, Bernardo Víctor, ‘Cincuenta años de la muerte del hijo de Clarín, Don Leopoldo García Alas Argüelles’, Alor Novísimo (Badajoz), 3–4, Nos 11–12 (June-Sept. 1987), 21–22. An account, apparently written by José María Serrano Suárez, of Leopoldo García Alas Argüelles’s imprisonment and execution in 1936–37.

B253 Carandell, Luis, ‘Un periodista llamado Clarín’, El Independiente (M), 3, No.95 (7.4.1989), 36. Rev.-art. of Ab5.

B254 Cardona, Francesc-Lluis, ‘Estudio preliminar’, in La Regenta, I (see Ac21), pp.7–17. Routine introduction.

B255 Cardona-Castro, Ángeles, ‘Ana Ozores y Effi Briest: un mundo y una época’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.421–30. The two heroines live in different worlds, and their downfall has a different causality.

B256 Carlson, Janina, ‘Od tlumacza’, in Regentka, II (see Ai26), pp.623–26. Translator’s note to the Polish version of LR.

B257 ——, ‘Siguiendo las huellas de La Regenta’, Acta Universitatis Wratislaviensis (Breslau), Estudios

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Secondary Material Hispánicos, II (II Simposio de Hispanistas Polacos, 24–27 Sept. 1990), No.1370 (1992), 365–71. Rpt. in BRIDEA (O), 47, No.141 (1993), 323–29. Recounts her attempts to match scenarios from LR and those of Oviedo; and describes the two presentations in Spain of the Polish translation of LR.

B258 Carmona Fernández, Fernando, ‘La evolución de los personajes de filiación quijotesca en la novela postromántica española’, Anales de la Universidad de Murcia, 28 (1969–70), 189–207. Studies the Cervantine trace in Galdós, Unamuno, and Clarín.

B259 Carrera Cruz, Hernán de la, ‘Leopoldo Enrique García-Alas Ureña’, El Correo de Valdivia (Valdivia, Chile) (16.1.1979), 9. Introductory.

B260 Carretero, Tomás, ‘De varios asuntos’, Miscelánea (M), 1, No.58 (23.12.1900), 641–42. Is LA gente joven or gente vieja, he asks.

B261 ——, ‘Don Leopoldo Alas’ (1:B255). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.219–21. B262 ——, ‘Notas de un lector’, Arte y Letras (M), 2, No.36 (8.9.1901), 560–62. In this rev. of La neurastenia en los hombres de estado, by Nicasio Mariscal, T.C. also pays tribute to LA, who planned a prologue for the book (see 1:Ag12).

B263 ——, ‘La vida literaria. Nueva edición de La Regenta’, Arte y Letras (M), 2, No.22 (2.6.1901), 322. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.253–55. Rereading LR brings back memories of Oviedo/Vetusta for T.C.

B264 Casado, Stacey Dolgin, ‘La Regenta: Problems of Classification and Analysis’, in La Chispa ’97: Selected 113

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Proceedings, ed. Claire J. Paolini (New Orleans: Tulane Univ. Press, 1997), pp.79–89. Argues that studies of LR’s metafictionality and undecidability contradict the naturalist character of the novel.

B265 Casaprima Collera, Adolfo, ‘Los especialistas en Clarín presentan las traducciones francesa y lusa de La Regenta’, El Correo de Asturias (O) (27.2.1988), 5. On the preparation of the Obras completas; the publishing success of LR in French; the Portuguese translation; and Oviedo as Vetusta.

B266 ——, ‘José María Martínez Cachero: “Excepto tres novelas, la literatura local es desconocida para la mayoría”’, La Nueva España (O) (6.2.1992), 5. Discusses the influence of the fictional city Vetusta on other novels with Oviedo backgrounds and the ‘vetustatización’ of the historical Oviedo.

B267 Casariego, J[esús] E[varisto], ‘El centenario de La Regenta está eclipsando el tricentenario del Marqués de Santa Cruz’, La Nueva España (O) (15.3.1984), 36. It is time to go beyond the commonplaces and fossilized misperceptions of LR, says J.E.C.

B268 *——, ‘Oviedo no es la Vetusta de La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (29.1.1970), 11–12. B269 *Casielles, Ricardo, ‘Para Joaquín Manzanares’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (23.1.1960). Cited in B831, p.xlix.

B270 Castañón, José Antonio, ‘Bienvenida a Regoyos’, Los Cuadernos del Norte (O), 1, No.0 (Especial) (Jan.-Feb. 1980), 77. Imagines a journey through ‘la Asturias negra’ undertaken by the painter Darío de Regoyos and LA.

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Secondary Material B271 Castañón, José Manuel, ‘Introducción’, in Apuntes de clase de “Clarín” (see Ab3), pp.7–10. Explains how these classroom notes taken by J.M. Acebal came to be edited and who Acebal was.

B272 Castro, Amadeo de, ‘Los americanos en nuestras letras’, La Esfera (M), 3, No.115 (11.3.1916), n. pag. [1 p.]. Comments on how the literary quarrels between Luis Bonafoux, Emilio Bobadilla and LA sparked interest in the public.

B273 *Castro, José P., ‘“Clarín” y Martínez Vigil: bibliografía de su epistolario’, Eco de Luarca (Luarca) (3.1.1954). B274 Castro Morales, Belén, J.E. Rodó modernista: utopía y regeneración (La Laguna: Univ., 1990), pp.81–86, 100–2, 104–21, 129–32, 156, 163–75. Reviews Rodó’s intellectual and ideological debt to LA; sees strong points of contact between Rodó’s modernism and certain Spanish thinkers, notably Giner de los Ríos, Unamuno and LA; and a similar stance in LA and Rodó towards el decadentismo and hispanidad.

B275 Caudet, Francisco, ‘Clarín y el debate sobre el naturalismo en España’, NRFH, 42 (1994), 507–48. Rpt. in his Zola, Galdós, Clarín. El naturalismo en Francia y España (Madrid: Univ. Autónoma, 1995), pp.265–96. Gives a good, documented account of the hostility Zola aroused among many Spanish critics and intellectuals, and LA’s at times ambivalent attitude towards Zola and naturalism. Review: 1. Lissorgues, Yvan. AGald, 31–32 (1996–97), 138–41.

B276 ——, ‘Clarín y Trabajo’, in Trabajo (see Aj5), pp.121–38. On the ideological differences between LA and Zola in 1900.

B277 Cautiño Jordán, Eduardo, La sátira en la obra de Luis Bonafoux Quintero. Prólogo, by María Teresa Babín (San Juan PR: Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, 1985), pp.63– 67. Goes over the Clarín-Bonafoux literary quarrel.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B278 Cavia, Mariano de, ‘Crónicas teatrales. Cuatro letras a “Clarín”’, El Imparcial (M) (5.4.1896), [2]. Comments, tongue-in-cheek, on how LA manages to critique the Madrid theatre while he is in Oviedo.

B279 ——, ‘¡Guarden ceremonias!’, El Imparcial (M) (16.6.1901), [1]. Rpt. in “La Regenta” de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.267–70. Uses a scene from LR as a point of departure to comment on the presumed respect for authority and the law in LA’s time and the disrespect Cavia sees in his own time.

B280 ——, ‘El hombre de todas horas’, El Imparcial (M) (15.6.1901), [1]. Rpt. in his Antología, ed. Enrique Pardo Canalis, 2nd ed. (Zaragoza: Institución Fernando el Católico/CSIC, 1980), pp.317–21; and in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.221–25. An obituary, in which he uses a chapter from Gracián’s El Discreto as a commentary on LA’s character.

B281 ——, ‘Letras de Molde. Dos cartas nuevas del Caballero de la Tenaza’, El Heraldo de Madrid (14.3.1896), [1]. Words of praise for four new books: Picón’s Cuentos de mi tiempo; Valera’s Juanita la larga; Pereda’s Pachín González; and LA’s Cuentos morales.

B282 Cecchini Estrada, Carlos, ‘Reflexiones de un centenario’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [1 p.]. On ‘La Regenta’ cien años después as a new image of Asturias.

B283 Celma Valero, María Pilar, ‘El conflicto generacional en las revistas del fin de siglo’, in El camino hacia el 98 (Los escritores de la Restauración y la crisis del fin de siglo), ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar (Madrid: Fundación Duques de Soria/Visor, 1998), pp.257–67. Pp.261–63: on LA’s relation with newer writers of the period, which was more positive, on both sides, than is generally thought.

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Secondary Material B284 ——, Literatura y periodismo en las revistas del fin de siglo. Estudio e índices (1888–1907) (Madrid: Júcar, 1991), pp.24–26, et passim. On LA’s contributions and polemics in Madrid Cómico. See also C.V.’s indexes for his contributions to La España Moderna, La Ilustración Española y Americana, La Caricatura, La Lectura, La Vida Literaria, Nuestro Tiempo, Vida Nueva, and Madrid Cómico.

B285 Champsaur, Baltasar, ‘La Regenta’, El Barcelonés, No.519 (17.7.1885), 2. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.142–50. Dislikes LA’s sordid naturalism and heavy dose of psychological analysis, he says, but admires the delineation of secondary characters.

B286 *——, ‘Sermón perdido. I’, El Barcelonés (2.12.1885). B287 *——, ‘Sermón perdido. II’, El Barcelonés (3.12.1885). B288 Charnon-Deutsch, Lou, Gender and Representation: Women in Spanish Realist Fiction, Purdue Univ. Monographs in Romance Languages, 32 (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Co., 1990), pp.61–121, 165–76, et passim. Sees female characters in SUH, LR, and several stories as threats to male autonomy and adequacy. In SUH, Bonifacio’s maternal drive can thus be seen as an attempt to wrest power from the female. In LR, Ana Ozores is in the end silenced, after being subjected to a voyeuristic narrative gaze. Review: 1. Collins, Marsha S. AGald, 27–28 (1992–93), 210–12.

B289 ——, The Nineteenth-Century Spanish Story: Textual Strategies of a Genre in Transition (London: Tamesis Books Ltd, 1985), pp.55, 59–68, 71, 91–102, 103–4, 113– 63, et passim. Analyses the ideological content of ‘Cuento futuro’ as a re-elaboration of the patriarchal Adam and Eve story; ‘Zurita’ as an ironic vehicle for manipulating reader response; time and tempo in such stories as ‘Pipá’ and ‘Reflejo’; the control of anticipatory narrative devices in

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) ‘Superchería’ and ‘Un viejo verde’; closure in ‘La Ronca’, ‘Doña Berta’ and ‘El Señor’; fictional space in ‘Doña Berta’, first published as 1:B273; and the overall structure of LA’s stories through a combined use of Greimas and Todorov. Reviews: 1. Clarke, Anthony. RQ, 35 (1988), 370–71. 2. Hemingway, Maurice. BHS (Liverpool), 64 (1987), 380. 3. McBride, Charles A. Symposium, 40 (1986–87), 337–38. 4. Miller, Stephen. HR, 55 (1987), 240–41. 5. Valis, Noël. MP, 84 (1987), 441–44.

B290 ——, ‘La Regenta and the Sutured Subject’, REH, 28 (1994), 65–78. Using De Lauretis’s theory of the sutured subject to produce reader/viewer subjectivity, C.-D. argues that readers of LR see Ana Ozores as the object and site of desire through the male gaze of the narrator; but she also notes that LA’s novel allows for some resistance to that notion through narcissistic identification with the protagonist’s plight.

B291 ——, ‘La Regenta and Theories of the Subject’, RLAn, 1 (1989 [1990]), 395–98. Analyses four critical stances for studying Ana Ozores as a subject: 1. the humanist re-creation of LA’s character creation; 2. Ana as the ideological site/struggle of discursive practices; 3. Ana as the split subject embodying confused mixings of the natural/civilised, male/female; and 4. Ana as a ‘symbol of textual desires and contingencies that lead us to the study of the text as body’. C.-D. seems to opt for this last category.

B292 ——, ‘Speech and the Power of Speaking in La Regenta’, CH, 9, Nos 1–2 (1987), 69–85. An interesting article, in which C.-D. analyses the power of male speech, the trivial, (often non-) speech of women, and the linguistic awkwardness of Ana Ozores’s speech, which reflects her romantic nature and inadaptability to Vetustan mores. Lacking, however, in C.-D.’s study is an awareness of LA’s ironical stance, which undercuts even male authority.

B293 ——, ‘Voyeurism, Pornography and La Regenta’, MLS, 20, No.4 (1989), 93–101.

118

Secondary Material Argues that as in the pornographic vision of women, LR’s narrator and certain male characters end up silencing or objectifying Ana Ozores.

B294 ——, ‘Las vírgenes locas as Product of the Unconscious’, MRRM, 3, Nos 1–2 (1987), 49–57. A somewhat forced Lacanian analysis of the male fantasies emerging from this collectively authored parody-novel. Focuses especially on the chapters penned by LA, Jacinto Octavio Picón, and Enrique Segovia Rocaberti.

B295 Chaves, Manuel, ‘Leopoldo Alas’, El Liberal (Sevilla) (14.6.1901), [1]. Rpt. in El Noroeste (Gijón) (18.6.1901), [1–2]. A heart-felt obituary; notes the powerful influence LA has had on contemporary Spanish literature.

B296 Chichón, Rafael, ‘Revista crítica’, Revista de España (M), 93, No.370 (July 1883), 280–81. Responds to LA’s ‘cordial antipatía’ expressed towards R.C. in a palique from El Progreso (M).

Chitna, Claudio [pseud.]: See Antich e Izaguirre, Claudio. B297 Cid, Jesús Antonio, ‘Clarín vs. Juan Menéndez Pidal y la polémica del “folklore” (1885–1985)’, in Symbolae Ludovico Mitxelena Septuagenario Oblatae, II, ed. José L. Melena (Vitoria: Victoriaco Vasconum [Univ. del País Vasco], 1985), pp.1425–35. Interesting article on LA’s squabbles with folklorist and politician Juan Menéndez Pidal, as well as their points of contact and divergences regarding the modern-day value of folklore and the oral tradition in poetry.

B298 ——, ‘Ensayo de una bio-bibliografía de Juan Menéndez Pidal. La Unión Católica y el periodismo ultramontano en la Restauración’, BIDEA (O), 46, No.139 (1992), 7–43. Notes anti-Clarín attacks by La Unión Católica (M) in 1895 and 1896 (pp.12–13, 16, 21–24).

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B299 ——, ‘Juan Menéndez Pidal: de la poesía postromántica a la erudición positivista’, BIDEA (O), 45, No.137 (1991), 273–305. On LA’s devastating critique of M.P.’s poem, ‘Jesús de Nazarit’ (1895) and M.P.’s 1913 alterations of lines following Clarín’s commentary.

B300 Cifo González, Manuel, ‘La ironía y la sátira en La Regenta: variantes narrativas’, CHA, No.415 (Jan. 1985), 13–23. Highlights examples of authorial intromissions in the form of explanations, clarifications, and directions.

B301 Ciplijauskaité, Biruté, La mujer insatisfecha (1:B278). Review: 1. Bacarisse, Salvador. BHS (Liverpool), 63 (1986), 94.

B302 Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ (1884–1984), ed. Andrés Amorós & José María Martínez Cachero (Madrid: Ministerio de Cultura/Caja de Ahorros de Asturias, 1984). 272 pp. Illus. ‘Palabras preliminares’, by Jaime Salinas (p.7). Catalogue to accompany the LA exhibit at the Biblioteca Nacional (Dec. 1984–Feb. 1985). Deals with biobibliographical questions and LR. Contains a bibliography, chronology, fictional map of Vetusta, and generous quotation from Clarín scholars. Rpts several LA pieces, including: ‘El libre examen y nuestra literatura presente’; ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’; ‘Doctor Angelicus’; ‘Del naturalismo’; Prol. to La cuestión palpitante (extract); ‘Del estilo en la novela’; ‘La desheredada’; letters to J.O. Picón (19.3.1885) and R. Martínez Vigil (11.5.1885); letter from M. Menéndez y Pelayo (23.2.1885); Galdós’s Prol. to LR; J. Alfonso Valdés’s Prol. to Siglo pasado; A. Sotillo’s Prol. to Crítica popular; L. Morote, ‘LR’ (extract); J. Vida, ‘Últimas novelas IV. LR, de D. Leopoldo Alas’; and J.M. Martínez Cachero, ‘Cien años de LR’. See also Af11, 17; Ag3; Ah7, 16, 18; B821, 934, 1047, 1391, 1455, and 1496.

B303 Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo, Actas del Simposio Internacional (Oviedo, 26 Nov.–1 Dec. 1984) (Oviedo: Univ., 1987). xxxvi + 1444 pp. (Colabora: Caja de Ahorros de Asturias). Contains four sections: 1. ‘Biografía y bibliografía’; 2. ‘Aspectos de La Regenta’; 3. ‘Otros aspectos de la obra creadora de “Clarín”’; and 4.

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Secondary Material ‘Varia clariniana’. Also includes a ‘Crónica del Simposio’ (pp.xiii– xxix) (see B424); and ‘Explicación de Marino Busto en la visita a Guimarán’ (pp.xxxi–xxxvi) (see B220). See also Af19; B3, 10, 41, 61, 99, 111, 127, 167, 188, 199, 220, 236, 255, 344, 350, 355, 363, 398, 423–25, 427, 430, 443, 462, 469, 492, 559–60, 586, 593, 616–17, 621, 635, 678, 693, 731, 768, 770, 781, 811, 843, 855–57, 880, 883–84, 901, 916, 920, 927, 936, 956–57, 1005, 1015, 1111, 1142, 1148, 1191, 1205, 1215, 1336, 1389, 1399, 1413, 1419, 1434, 1441, 1481, and 1518. Reviews: 1. Cabezas, Juan Antonio. ABC (M) (16.1.1988), vi. 2. Fernández Insuela, Antonio. Ínsula, No.496 (Mar. 1988), 10.

B304 Clarín y su obra en el Centenario de ‘La Regenta’ (Barcelona, 1884–1885), Actas del Simposio Internacional (Barcelona, 20–24 Mar. 1984), ed. Antonio Vilanova (Barcelona: Univ., 1985 [1986]). 316 pp. See also B9, 132, 195, 200, 378, 624, 728, 842, 969, 1115, 1220, 1349, 1436, and 1512–13. Reviews: 1. González Herrán, José Manuel. Ínsula, Nos 485–86 (Apr.– May 1987), 16. 2. Sotelo Vázquez, Adolfo. El País (M) (26.6.1986), 5.

B305 Clémessy, Nelly, ‘Introducción biográfica y crítica’, in Los Pazos de Ulloa, by Emilia Pardo Bazán (Madrid: EspasaCalpe, 1987), pp.5–116. Pp.110–12: notes discrepancies in two reviews LA wrote of Los Pazos de Ulloa.

B306 ——, ‘Sur la question du Naturalisme en Espagne: “critique littéraire et roman”’, CER (Aix-en-Provence), No.8 (1983), 41–57. Reviews LA’s ideas concerning the utility and incorporation of French naturalism into the Spanish novel (pp.44–45, 48–49, et passim).

B307 Clocchiatti, Emilio, ‘Menéndez Pelayo y Clarín’, Hispania, 33 (1950), 328–32. Rpt. from 1:B284 (pp.45–59). B308 Cohen, Bernard, ‘Le nouveau règne de la “Régente”’, Libération (Paris) (9.9.1987), 36.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B.C. remarks on the recent French translation of LR, interspersing comments from an interview with Juan Cueto Alas.

B309 Coletes Blanco, Agustín, ‘De Ana Ozores a Serafina Gorgheggi: en torno a la impronta ánglica en las novelas mayores de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, BRIDEA (O), 49, No.145 (1995), 343–63. Concludes that the references to things English in LR and SUH, while presented negatively, are significant thematically and in SUH especially, with its Pre-Raphaelite description of Serafina Gorgheggi.

B310 ——, ‘Espacio ficcional y espacio real (forma/contenido) en la narrativa de Leopoldo Alas, con referencia a Carreño’, in B313, pp.221–26. B311 ——, ‘Huella inglesa y degeneración paródica en Ana Ozores, de La Regenta’, in Actas del XV Congreso de la Asociación Española de Estudios Anglonorteamericanos (Logroño, 16–18 Dec. 1991), ed. Francisco J. Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez & Carmelo Cunchillos Jaime (Logroño: Colegio Universitario de la Rioja, 1993), pp.223–32. Concludes that the English references are functional, promoting the dialectical play of layered dualities, ironic complexity and parody.

B312 ——, ‘Ironía y sátira anti-inglesa en la narrativa breve de Clarín: “Snob”, “El Torso” y otros relatos’, BHS (Liverpool), 73 (1996), 245–54. Notes the negative treatment of ‘lo inglés’, marked by snobbery and superficiality in LA’s anglophile characters.

B313 ——, Un rincón de hojas y hierbas: Candás y el Concejo de Carreño en la vida y la obra de Leopoldo Alas ‘Clarín’ (Candás: Museo Antón, 1995). 226 pp. Prólogo, by John Rutherford (pp.xi–xiii). Appendix: ‘Espacio ficcional y espacio real (forma/contenido) en la narrativa de Leopoldo Alas, con referencia a Carreño’ (pp.221–26).

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Secondary Material Documents the sociohistorical background of this Asturian region and the significance of Candás and the Concejo de Carreño in LA’s life and works (LR, ‘Doña Berta’, ‘Cuesta abajo’). See also B1224.

B314 ——, ‘“Laspra” en Su único hijo: un apunte clariniano’, BRIDEA (O), 47, No.142 (1993), 449–64. Identifies the author of a Práctica forense, noted in SUH, as Manuel Antonio Díaz de Laspra y Gutiérrez, a lawyer and professor at the Univ. de Oviedo.

B315 ——, ‘Vida, arte y literatura en un cuento de Leopoldo Alas’, Lazarillo (Salamanca), 5 (1994), 4–6. Suggests that ‘Lorezana’ in ‘Viaje redondo’ is the Asturian town, Logrezana (or Llogrezana), reflecting autobiographical elements.

Collell, Luis: See Gomis, A[na]. B316 *Colorado y Martínez, Vicente, ‘Nuestro grabado’, Zamora Ilustrada (16.1.1883). B317 ——, ‘D. Leopoldo Alas’, Revista Ilustrada (M), 1, No.31 (16.8.1881), 395–96. Biographical sketch.

B318 Comentarios de texto sobre ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín: trabajos premiados (Concurso para alumnos de tercer curso de B.U.P. y de C.O.U.) (Oviedo: Caja de Ahorros de Asturias, 1985). 41 pp. Contents: B7, 481, and 793. Commelerán y Gómez, Francisco Andrés [pseud.: Quintilius]: See 1:B999. Conde, Ernesto [pseud.]: See Campos, Emilio. B319 Conde Falcón, Antonio, ‘El factor “determinismo” en La Regenta’, Cauce (Sevilla), No.5 (1982), 109–42. A description of social, psychological and other factors that ‘determine’ the character of Ana Ozores, Fermín de Pas, Víctor Quintanar, and Álvaro Mesía.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B320 Cordero, Lorenzo, ‘Historia de un aburrimiento’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.]. Not only Ana Ozores but an entire society suffers from boredom in LR.

B321 ——, ‘Nostalgia de Clarín en Oviedo’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (11.2.1984), 3. Remarks on LA’s capacity to distance himself from his own critique of Vetustan society.

B322 ——, ‘Un palizas llamado Paco’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (21.7.1984), 3. A satirical attack against Francisco Umbral for his self-serving belittling of LR (in Tiempo [M], No.114 [16–22.7.1984], 123).

B323 Corona Marzol, Gonzalo, ‘El capítulo quinto de La Regenta y El sí de las niñas’, RICUS (Soria), 8, No.1 (1984), 7–23. The point of contact is the marriage of convenience theme.

B324 Correa, Gustavo, ‘Calderón y la novela realista española’, AGald, 18 (1983), 15–24. Víctor’s Calderón mania in LR is symptomatic of the country’s decadence and inauthenticity (pp.20–21).

B325 Criado Costa, Joaquín, Vida y creación poética de Antonio Fernández Grilo (Córdoba: Real Academia de Córdoba/CSIC, 1975), pp.172–77. Attempts to discredit LA’s devastating critique of Grilo and reproduces LA’s ‘Versicultura Grilus vastatrix’ (from La literatura en 1881). See Ah121.

B326 Cruz Giráldez, Miguel, ‘Procedimientos degradadores en la prosa de “Clarín”: la animalización en La Regenta’, Cauce (Sevilla), No.9 (1986), 117–39. Gives examples of a much studied technique.

B327 Cruz Mendizábal, Juan, ‘“Cambio de luz”: el razonamiento de la ceguera o la oscuridad iluminada’, in his Luces y

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Secondary Material sombras: el ciego en la literatura hispánica (Madrid: Escuela Libre Editorial/Fundación Once, 1995), pp.247–57. Argues that it is not Jorge’s attitude that changes, but the light itself, i.e., the perspective on life, in this story.

B328 Cuadernos del Norte (Los) (O) (1981) (1:B296). Review: 1. López [-Barxas], Francisco. Argumentos (M), 4, No.45 (1981), 62–63.

Cuadernos del Norte (Los) (O) (1987): See Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’. B329 Cuadernos Hispanoamericanos (M), No.415 (Jan. 1985). Issue partly dedicated to LA. See B300, 879, 887, 898, 1372, and 1427.

B330 Cuartas, Javier, ‘Homenaje en Oviedo a un rector fusilado’, El País (M) (24.2. 1987), 5. On revindicating LA’s son, Leopoldo Alas Argüelles, shot during the Civil War.

B331 ——, ‘Televisión Española estrena hoy “La Regenta” de Fernando Méndez Leite’, El País (M) (17.1.1995), 52. On the television debut and international distribution of the series based on LR.

B332 Cuenca, Luis Alberto de, ‘Bizancio y Clarín’, Erytheia (M), No.9 (1988), 293–301. Brief comment on Siglo pasado and the story, ‘Romano’, which is reproduced here. See Ah39.

B333 Cuervo, Javier, ‘Guimarán, restos de los descansos de “Clarín”’, La Nueva España (O) (2.9.1983), 17. Notes the difficulty of finding parallels between the real Guimarán and the fictional one; also describes in detail the present house and surroundings, once LA’s summer home.

B334 ——, ‘J.M. Martínez Cachero, profesor emérito: “Clarín y yo somos como Mingo y Teresa”’, La Nueva España (O) (16.2.1992), vi–vii. M.C. discusses his first encounter with LR.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B335 ——, ‘El monumento que conmemora la boda de “Clarín” causa sorpresa en El Entrego’, La Nueva España (O) (30.8.1984), 11. Apparently, the meaning of the sculpture was too hermetic.

B336 Cuervo, Manuel G., ‘TVE emite mañana, “Mientras la ciudad duerme”, original visión de La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (29.2.1984), 18. Reviews an hour-long film based on fragments of LR. See also Aj8.

B337 Cueto Alas, Juan, ‘Cien años de sociedad’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (26.3.1984), 48. A cleverly satirical column on the possibilities of writing LR in 1984, focusing on the Vetustan social groups of today.

B338 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in La Regenta (see Ac32), pp.7–11. Emphasizes the importance of the 1966 popular Alianza ed. of LR, and believes the execution of LA’s son during the Civil War partly explains the long silence over the novel.

B339 ——, ‘Protocolo’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (23.4.1984), 44. An ironic commentary on the absence of certain key figures, starting with the mayor of Oviedo, at the presentation of the special Clarín issue of Los Cuadernos del Norte. (Cueto was editor of the journal.) If all had been invited, he says, there would have been thirty-five to forty people at the head of the table!

B340 ——, ‘La Regenta hoy’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (22.1.1984), 48. LR as a ‘classic’ in Borgesian terms, ‘como si todo fuera deliberado, fatal, profundo como el cosmos’. Text of his presentation of the facsimile ed. of LR given (1:Ac17).

B341 ——, ‘El verdadero escándalo de La Regenta’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.]. The modern (i.e., contemporary) novel is inaugurated in Spain with La Regenta, as a realist novel totalizante.

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Secondary Material B342 Custodio, Álvaro, ‘Clarín y La Regenta’, in Versión escénica de ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas, Clarín (see Aj14), pp.11–12. On the life and works of LA.

B343 ——, ‘Monólogo de Ana Ozores, de La Regenta, de Clarín. Comentario de Álvaro Custodio’, in 23 monólogos para ejercicios, ed. Alberto Miralles (Madrid: La Avispa, Julia García Verdugo, 1984), pp.69–73. Explains how the actress should interpret a monologue scene from his play adaptation of LR.

B344 ——, ‘El sentido dramático de La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.267–75. Personal anecdotes about his boyhood experience of reading LR, the reasons for doing a stage adaptation of LR, and the problems the production created for A.C. as director and adapter.

B345 Dale, Scott, ‘Las perspectivas del naturalismo español en Galdós, Pardo Bazán y “Clarín”’, Aleph (Penn State), 9–10 (1994–95), 4–16. Goes over old ground in discussing the ‘spiritualist naturalism’ of SUH.

B346 Darío, Rubén, ‘La crítica’, in his España contemporánea (Paris: Garnier Hermanos, 1901), pp.340–46. Also: (Barcelona: Lumen, 1987), Colección Palabra Crítica, 2, pp.276–81. Prol. by Antonio Vilanova. Same as 1:B312. See also Ah76.

B347 DeCoster, Cyrus, ‘Pardo Bazán and Her Contemporaries’, AGald, 19 (1984), 121–31. Reviews the LA-Pardo Bazán split in their literary relations (pp.128– 30).

B348 Delgado, Edmundo Ernesto, ‘La Regenta llevada al cine: apuntes para una re-interpretación en imágenes’, RQ, 45 (1998), 109–13. Notes how the 1974 film version oversimplifies the complexities of LR.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B349 Delgado, Sinesio, ‘Súplica (a los Señores Alas y Palacio)’, Madrid Cómico, 9, No.342 (7.9.1889), 6. In comic verses, S.D. asks LA and Manuel del Palacio to cease their literary feud. See B1012. (Palacio replied in verse, ‘A Sinesio Delgado’ [Soneto], on 14 Sept. 1889, MC, p.3.)

——: See also Anon. (B1574–78). B350 Diago Moncholi, Manuel V., ‘“Un paraíso sin manzanas”: crisol de temas y motivos literarios del joven “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.811–25. Discusses several Clarinian themes and motifs as autobiographical in ‘Un paraíso sin manzanas’, Ch. 6 of a collectively authored spoofnovel, Las vírgenes locas; the presence of classical Greece; music and, specifically, Gounod’s Faust; the military; the paternal motif; mystical excess; platonic love; and theatrical motifs.

——: See also Ac40. B351 Dias Marques, J.J., ‘As primeiras traduçoes da poesia de Antero de Quental’, Colóquio (Lisbon), 127–28 (Jan.–June 1993), 252–54. LA’s translations were the first into Spanish.

B352 *Díaz, Edmundo, ‘Leopoldo Alas Clarín’, El Nalón (Muros de Pravia), 105 (15.6.1901), 2. B353 Díaz, Elías, ‘La filosofía jurídica de los krausistas españoles: Giner y Clarín’, in Apuntes de clase de ‘Clarín’ (see Ab3), pp.45–96. In both LA and Giner de los Ríos, Krausist thinking does not sufficiently distinguish between law and moral principles.

B354 Díaz, Luis Felipe, Ironía e ideología en ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (New York: Peter Lang, 1992). 277 pp. Published version of diss., ‘Irony and Ideology in La Regenta of Leopoldo Alas’ (text in Spanish), Univ. of

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Secondary Material Minnesota, 1984. 292 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 45, No.5 (1984–85), 1415–16A. (1:B321) On the limitations of irony as a discourse within the subjective framework of LA’s own ideology. Author distinguishes between satire and irony, using Muecke’s categories of situational and verbal irony, to analyse LA’s inability to transcend the built-in contradictions of his own ideology. Bibliographical references do not reflect recent Clarín criticism.

B355 Díaz Castañón, Carmen, ‘Leyendo Doña Berta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.827–39. Mostly a string of quotations and little analysis.

B356 Díaz Díaz, Gonzalo, Hombres y documentos de la filosofía española, I (Madrid: CSIC/Instituto de Filosofía ‘Luis Vives’, 1980), pp.113–15. Dictionary-style entry, with bibliography.

B357 Díaz Estévanez, Maximino, ‘Non omnis moriar’ (1:B325). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), pp.223–28. B358 Díaz-Pérez, Viriato, ‘Con motivo de la muerte de D. Leopoldo Alas’, Gente Vieja (M), 2, No.21 (10.7.1901), 3. Rpt. in Sofía (M), 9 (Aug. 1901), 297–99; and as ‘Carta abierta al Exmo. Sr. D. Juan Valera. Con motivo de la muerte de D. Leopoldo Alas’, in his Microepistolario (Microarchivo, II), ed. Rodrigo Díaz-Pérez & Luis Aurelio Campos Cervera (Palma de Mallorca: Luis Ripoll-Editor, 1983), pp.15–20. (See pp.21–22, for Valera’s reply.) Publishes a letter from LA, dated 16 Nov. 1900, on bringing to light more of philosopher Estanislao Sánchez Calvo’s work, here considered literatura ocultista. See also Af4.

B359 Diederich, Bettina, Clarín: ‘La Regenta’ – ein Babel der Sieben Todsünden (Bonn: Romanistischer Verlag, 1997). 200 pp. Based on diss., *‘Clarín: La Regenta – Una babilonia de los siete pecados capitales’, Aachen. Technische Hochschule, 1996.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Using Bakhtinian and intertextual theory, D. analyses LR as a parodic discourse drawn from Catholic moral theology. The seven deadly sins are reconstituted in the characters considered as literary artifacts. Review: 1. Sobejano, Gonzalo. HR, 67 (1999), 384–86.

B360 Díez Borque, José María, ‘El primer Leopoldo Alas, escritor de periódicos’, Informaciones (M) (Supl. No.286) (3.1.1974), 1–2. Rev.-art. of Ab13.

B361 Díez de Revenga, Francisco Javier, ‘Baquero y Clarín’, Monteagudo (Univ. de Murcia), No.87 (1984), 101–2. On coincidences between LA’s life and critic Baquero Goyanes’s; and B.G.’s contribution to Clarín studies.

B362 ——, ‘Baquero y la “Regenta” de Clarín, once años después’, La Opinión (Murcia) (24.5.1995), ii. A rev.-art. of Ac8.

B363 ——, ‘Poesía y novela en Clarín: en torno a Doña Berta y otros relatos breves de Leopoldo Alas’, in his Rubén Darío en la métrica española y otros ensayos (Murcia: Univ., 1985), pp.207–14. Rpt. in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.841–47. Suggests that such traits of the modern novela lírica as interiorization, fragmentation, and marked subjectivity are already present in some of LA’s stories.

B364 ——, ‘La Regenta, obra clásica’, Monteagudo (Univ. de Murcia), No.85 (1984), 51–55. Rpt. in Rubén Darío en la métrica española y otros ensayos (see B363), pp.215–19. Rev.-art. of 1:Ac19.

B365 Díez Rodríguez, Miguel, M. Paz Díez Taboada, & Luis de Tomás Vilaplana, ed., Literatura española, II, Textos, crítica y relaciones. Del siglo XVIII a nuestros días (Madrid: Alhambra, 1984), pp.360–77. Gives fragments of LA texts and secondary criticism.

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Secondary Material Díez Taboada, M. Paz: See Díez Rodríguez, Miguel. B366 Dobón [Antón], María Dolores, ‘Azorín falsificador: una violenta polémica literaria de fin de siglo’, BHS (Glasgow), 73 (1996), 171–85. Shows how two invented interviews with Eugenio Sellés and Jacinto Benavente, concocted by Azorín in Feb. 1898, were part of a larger polemic with LA over gente novísima and literary patronage; and the role the satirical journal, Juan Rana, played in its violent hostility towards LA and Martínez Ruiz.

B367 ——, El intelectual y la urbe: Clarín maestro de Azorín, Colección Espiral Hispano-Americana, 28 (Madrid: Fundamentos, 1996). 191 pp. Prol. by Laureano Robles (pp.9–10). Argues that Azorín’s literary, spiritual and ideological evolution was much more profoundly affected by Clarín than previous critics suggest; and that Diario de un enfermo is heavily influenced by ‘Superchería’.

B368 ——, ‘Sociólogos contra estetas: prehistoria del conflicto entre modernismo y 98’, HR, 64 (1996), 57–72. Pp.61–64: details on the LA-Juan Rana dispute over modernismo.

B369 ——, ‘Tema e imagen en “Superchería”. Naufragio en Guadalajara’, ALE (Alicante), No.9 (1993), 21–29. Guadalajara is seen as a symbol of an infernal, excremental world in which the main characters flounder, with redemption made possible through spiritualized love.

B370 Domínguez, Antonio [A.D.], ‘Ateneo de Madrid’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (20.11.1897), [1]. Reports on LA’s series of talks devoted to new spiritual currents.

B371 ——, ‘En el Ateneo’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (12.11.1897), [1]. On the first of LA’s talks, ‘Teorías religiosas en la filosofía novísima’.

Domínguez, Eleonor: See Ad15.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Donahue, Darcy: See Rodríguez, Alfred. Donald [pseud.]: See Pérez Ferrera, Miguel. B372 Don Gil de las Calzas Verdes, ‘Celebridades’, Miscelánea (M), 1, No.39 (12.8.1900), 398. Reprod. in Ab17 [p.46]. Notes a softening in LA’s critical stance.

Dorich, Susan: See Rodríguez, Alfred. B373 Dumiţrescu, Domnita, ‘Proiecţie bovarică şi înstrăinare unamuniană in romanul La Regenta de Leopoldo Alas – “Clarín”’, Analele Universitătii Bucareşti: Literatura Universală şi Comparată, 19, No.2 (1970), 97–109. Reiterates the Flaubertian character of LR, suggesting that LA’s novel also anticipates Unamuno’s existential psychology.

B374 Durán, José Antonio, ‘“Clarín”, colaborador exclusivo “para La Voz”’, La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (13.6.1985), n. pag. [Cuaderno de Cultura sect.]. In an effort to upgrade and modernize a provincial newspaper, La Voz de Galicia solicited LA’s collaboration in 1896. See Ah45 and 107 for rpts of LA’s contributions, ‘El repórter y el gondolero (palique)’ and ‘Tarde y con daño’.

B375 ——, ‘Gallegos y asturianos, primos hermanos: el Brañas de “Clarín” y otras lindezas’, La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (9.9.1985), 35, 40. Somewhat disorganized but interesting comments on a caricature of LA by Sancha; LA’s opinion of the Galician neo writer, Alfredo Brañas; Madrid Cómico and LA, etc.

B376 ——, ‘Gallegos y asturianos, primos hermanos (Clarín/Murguía/Muruais, por ejemplo)’, La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (8.5.1985), 49, 56. More details on Jesús Muruais’s hostility towards LA.

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Secondary Material B377 Durand, Frank, ‘El crimen religioso y ético de Ana Ozores’ (1:B335). Rpt.in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.299–309. B378 ——, ‘Dimensiones irónicas y estéticas en el estilo de La Regenta’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.145–61. Dwells on the ambiguous, ironic-poetic tonalities of the first few pages.

B379 ——, ‘La estructura de La Regenta y el drama de la interpretación’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.54–59. Rpt. in English as ‘Structure and the Drama of Role-Playing in La Regenta’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.141–54. Uses his earlier article on characterization in LR (1:B334) as a point of departure for the study of interior duplication and role-playing in LR.

B380 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”: Consistency of Outlook as Critic and Novelist’ (1:B337). Extracted in TwentiethCentury Literary Criticism (see B1070), pp.12–14. B381 ——, ‘Patriotismo y estética en algunos cuentos de Clarín’, in Homenaje al profesor Antonio Vilanova, II, coord. Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez; ed. Marta Cristina Carbonell (Barcelona: Univ./PPU, 1989), pp.207–17. Message and aesthetic value cannot be divorced in stories like ‘Un repatriado’, ‘El Rana’, ‘El sustituto’, ‘Zurita’, and ‘La mosca sabia’.

B382 ——, ‘Presentación’, in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.9–12. Comments on the critical and popular success of LR. The present collection is meant to supplement Martínez Cachero (1:B723) and Beser (1:B144) volumes.

B383 ——, ed., ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (Madrid: Taurus, 1988). 414 pp.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) A selection of previously published essays on LA. See: B11, 132, 377, 382, 449, 633, 950, 969, 996, 1014, 1021, 1025, 1060, 1079, 1129, 1155, 1188, 1243, 1299, 1310, 1347, 1437, 1476, 1528, 1529, and 1530. Reviews: 1. Bonet, Laureano. HR, 58 (1990), 398–401. 2. Hemingway, Maurice. BHS (Liverpool), 68 (1991), 426– 27. 3. Kronik, John W. RHM, 43, No.1 (1990), 119–21.

B384 E.G. [Esteban Gutiérrez Díaz-Bernardo?], ‘Alas, Leopoldo’, in Historia de la literatura española e hispanoamericana, No.108, gen. ed. Emilio Palacios Fernández (Madrid: Ediciones Orgaz, 1980), pp.6–7. Introductory.

B385 Eberenz, Rolf, ‘Cultura, estética y sociedad en La Regenta de Clarín’, Ibero, No.21 (1985), 65–78. Although treading on well-travelled ground here, in his discussion of how culture and society interact in LR, R.E. points suggestively to LA’s ‘escepticismo cultural’ as a reaction to the ‘cultural colonialism’ of Vetusta.

B386 ——, Semiótica y morfología textual del cuento naturalista (E. Pardo Bazán, L. Alas “Clarín”, V. Blasco Ibáñez) (Madrid: Gredos, 1989). 291 pp. Eberenz focuses more on the mechanics than on the possible meanings of the naturalist story. He studies story frames, the use of metatexts and paratexts, the distinction between story and discourse, coincidence and causality, description, focalization, and so on. R.E.’s best insights come whenever he strays from the reductive schematism of structuralism and semiotics. Reviews: 1. Charnon-Deutsch, Lou. AGald, 26 (1991), 106–7. 2. Ferrer Solà, Jesús. Ínsula, No.514 (Oct. 1989), 6–7. 3. Quintana Docio, Francisco. BBMP (Santander), 68 (1992), 358–60. 4. Valis, Noël. HR, 60 (1992), 367–69.

B387 Eizaguirre, Santiago, ‘Vida y literatura en La Regenta’, La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (13.6.1985), n. pag. Points to a ‘literatura no escrita’ reflected in the way characters narrate their actions or those of other characters.

134

Secondary Material B388 Elías de Molíns, Antonio, ‘Palacio (D. Manuel)’, in his Diccionario biográfico y bibliográfico de escritores y artistas catalanes del siglo XIX, II. (Hildesheim/New York: Georg Olms, 1972), pp.278–81. Orig. 1889. Most of this entry is on the LA-Palacio literary feud. Rpts some of Palacio’s anti-Clarín verse, as well as an undated letter (and sonnet) to Luis Alfonso on the same subject.

B389 Elizalde, Ignacio, ‘Ideología religiosa de “Clarín”’, LdD, 15, No.32 (May-Aug. 1985), 45–68. A discussion of LA’s religious sentiments and the appearance of religion in LR.

B390 ——, ‘Personajes femeninos en la obra de “Clarín”’, LdD, 16, No.36 (Sept.–Dec. 1986), 181–86. Describes three characters: Ana Ozores, Emma Valcárcel, and Doña Berta, with a small section on nuns in LR. Not much substance here.

B391 ——, ‘Presentación’, in LdD (see B716), pp.3–4. B392 Elorza, Antonio, ‘Los “Preludios” de Clarín. El precio de la Restauración’, Triunfo (M), No.575 (6.10.1973), 40–41, 43. Rev.-art. of Botrel’s ed. of Preludios (1:Ab28), in which A.E. discusses the value of Clarín’s early journalism as the critical negation of the historically false ‘paradise of the Restoration’.

B393 Enguídanos, Miguel, ‘Actualidad de una crítica centenaria: la Nueva Campaña (1885–1886) de “Clarín”’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.60–62. Rpt. in Los hallazgos de la lectura: estudio dedicado a Miguel Enguídanos, ed. John Crispin, Enrique Pupo-Walker, & Luis Lorenzo-Rivero (Madrid: Ediciones José Porrúa Turanzas, 1989), pp. 235–41. Comments on the ambitious, bellicose nature of the title and the disappointing insufficiencies of the works LA targeted.

B394 Eoff, Sherman H., ‘In Quest of a God of Love’ (1:B348). Extracted in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism (see B1070), pp.8–12.

135

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B395 Epps, Brad, ‘Traces of the Flesh: Land, Body, and Art in Clarín’s Doña Berta’, RHM, 48 (1995), 69–91. An intricate reading of ‘Doña Berta’ as ‘a moving economy of traces’, in which the maternal body mediates transactions between nature and art.

Escalada, Miguel de [pseud.]: See Valbuena, Antonio de. B396 Escartín Gual, M[ontserrat], & E[ugenio] Martínez Celdrán, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, in their Comentario estilístico y estructural de textos literarios, I (Barcelona: PPU, [1983]), pp.277–84. In an explication de texte (LR, Alianza ed., p.625), authors conclude that the text is a Clarinian diatribe against the priesthood as castrating and hypocritical.

B397 Escobar y Ramírez, Alfredo [pseud.: Almaviva], ‘Palique’, La Época (M) (23.1.1882), [1–2]. Attacks LA as the ‘Atila de los literatos’ for his wounding verbal barbs.

B398 Espeita Ramisa, Teresa, ‘En torno a Doña Berta de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.849–58. Routine analysis. Death and decadence are the major leitmotifs.

B399 Estévanez [pseud.], ‘Los funerales de Leopoldo Alas’, El Imparcial (M) (15.6.1901), [2]. ‘La concurrencia era inmensa. Llenaban las gentes los balcones y las calles.’

B400 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas’, El Imparcial (M) (14.6.1901), [1– 2]. (1:B356) Telegraphed details of LA’s agony and death; effect of his death on Oviedo.

B401 Etreros, Mercedes, ‘El naturalismo español en la década de 1881–1891’, in Estudios sobre la novela española del siglo XIX, by M. Etreros, María Isabel Montesinos, & Leonardo Romero (Madrid: CSIC, 1977), pp.49–131.

136

Secondary Material Notes in LR a greater fidelity to a ‘mímesis exacta’ and an absence of Zolaesque mythical schemes (pp.102–4).

B402 Ex-Alumno (Un), ‘Clarín en su cátedra’, Arte y Letras (M), 2, No.40 (6.10.1901), 674–76 (1:B359). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), pp.229–34. LA’s encyclopedic knowledge and imagination led him to digress in class; speaks of his warmth of heart and generosity of spirit.

B403 Ezama [Gil], Ángeles, ‘Un artículo olvidado de “Clarín” sobre María Guerrero’, BIDEA (O), 43, No.130 (1989), 263–74. LA butters up the actress in print, to get her to play the main part in Teresa. See also Ah83.

B404 ——, ‘La crítica de la poesía en verso y un olvidado relato de Clarín’, BIDEA (O), 42, No.128 (Oct.–Dec. 1988), 779– 803. A thematic analysis of Doctor Sutilis, concentrating on LA’s criticism of bad poetry in stories such as the forgotten ‘Malos humores’, here reproduced (pp.802–3). See also Ah25 and 63.

B405 ——, ‘En torno a un cuento olvidado de Clarín: “El oso mayor”’, Mester (UCLA), 16, No.2 (Fall 1987), 35–51. An excellent study and reprinting of a completely unknown story from 1898, in which LA gives an ironic-abstract treatment to the theme of spiritual love, as expressed through Clarinian word play with ‘hacer el oso’. See also Ah34.

B406 ——, ‘La erótica de la muerte en un personaje clariniano: Ángel Cuervo. Estudio de una pasión’, ALE (Alicante), No.10 (1994), 69–80. Relates the plotline of ‘Cuervo’ to the nineteenth-century preoccupation with public hygiene; and the emphasis on character to interest in the study of the passions found in costumbrista literature, scientistic writings on physiognomy and physiology, and moral essays like Mme de Staël’s.

B407 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Cuentos (see Ad25), pp.xxvii–xcix.

137

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Presents bibliographical and thematic material and a concise summary of critical opinions of stories anthologized.

B408 Fabra, G., ‘Alas, Leopoldo’, in Parnaso Diccionario Sopena de Literatura, I, ed. Mauro Armiño (Barcelona: Editorial Ramón Sopena, 1972), pp.14–15. An intelligent synthesis and comparison of LR and SUH.

B409 Fajardo, José Manuel, ‘Una centenaria seductora’, Cambio 16 (M), No.851 (21.3.1988), 122–23, 125. On the French translation of LR; the projected Obras completas; and the critical and popular neglect of LR until the 1960s.

B410 Falière, Hélène, ‘Les Liaisons dangereuses/La Regenta: des analogies troublantes’, in Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”: “La Regenta” (see B714), pp.57–63. Choderlos de Laclos’s novel as a possible hypotext for LR, as Y. Lissorgues suggests in an introductory note (pp.57–58).

B411 Fanego López, Otilia, ‘En torno a la función de lo francés en La Regenta’, in Imágenes de Francia en las letras hispánicas, ed. Francisco Lafarga (Barcelona: PPU, 1989), pp.155–64. Notes that sometimes LA seems deliberately obscure and ambiguous in his multiple usage of French quotations and allusions in LR, even as he exercises his function as a literary critic through such allusions.

Fedón [pseud.]: See Altamira [y Crevea], Rafael. B412 Feeny, Thomas, ‘Burlesque Krausist Types in Pereda and Clarín’, HisJ, 9, No.2 (Spring 1988), 45–52. Finds autobiographical echoes of a younger Clarín in ‘La mosca sabia’ and ‘Zurita’.

B413 ——, The Paternal Orientation of Ramón Pérez de Ayala (Chapel Hill/Valencia: Albatrós Ediciones/Hispanófila, 1985), pp.97–103. Links LA’s Krausist-inspired ideas about paternity in SUH with P. de A.’s.

138

Secondary Material B414 Fernández, Elvira, ‘Munteanu: “He releído La Regenta con los ojos de un lector vetustense”’, La Nueva España (O) (30.10.1990), 39. The Romanian translator of LR (see 1:Ai26; and Ai30) notes that the 1972 translation sold 90,000 copies, with two editions, in Romania.

B415 Fernández, James D., ‘America Is in Spain: A Reading of Clarín’s “Boroña”’, in Bridging the Atlantic: Toward a Reassessment of Iberian and Latin American Cultural Ties, ed. Marina Pérez de Mendiola (New York: State Univ. of New York Press, 1996), pp.31–43. A good article on how Spanish national and local identities are defined through the incorporation of the New World into the old one, as reflected in LA’s short story.

B416 Fernández, María Soledad, ‘Estrategias de poder en el discurso realista: La Regenta y Fortunata y Jacinta’, Hispania, 75 (1992), 266–74. A Foucaultian analysis of how power constituted discursively through the language of Church, bourgeoisie, and literature functions conflictively to produce identity in characters like Ana Ozores and Fortunata.

B417 Fernández, Pura, Eduardo López Bago y el naturalismo radical. La novela y el mercado literario en el siglo XIX (Amsterdam/Atlanta: Editions Rodopi, 1995), pp.21–22, et passim. On LA’s mockery in El Solfeo (M), in 1875 and ’76, of then promonarchist López Bago’s attempts at poetry.

B418 Fernández Álvarez, Faustino, ‘Opiniones sobre La Regenta’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp]. Extracts quotes from the 1984 opinion poll in Ínsula (1:B269).

B419 Fernández Álvarez, Rafael, ‘[Presentación]’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [1 p.]. Artist Miguel Ángel Lombardía recreates Asturian culture in his modern depiction of LR.

139

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Fernández Avello, Manuel: See Fernández RodríguezAvello, Manuel. B420 Fernández Bremón, José, ‘Crónica general’, La Ilustración Española y Americana (M), 25, No.26 (15.7.1881), 18. Commentary on Solos de Clarín.

B421 Fernández Díaz, María del Carmen, ‘Posibles huellas de La Princesse de Clèves en La Regenta’, Estudios de Investigación Franco-Española (Univ. de Córdoba), No.4 (1991), 91–98. Unconvincing attempt to see parallels in plot, characters, and themes.

B422 Fernández Flórez, Isidoro [pseud.: Fernanflor], ‘Madrid’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 4, No.176 (15.5.1886), 306–7. Makes note that LA attacks Pedro de Novo y Colson’s Un Archimillonario and those who favourably reviewed it (Tamayo y Baus and Fernanflor) (in La Ilustración Ibérica [6.3.1886]).

B423 Fernández González, Ángel R., ‘A. Palacio Valdés y “Clarín” opinan sobre la literatura en 1881’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.1037–51. On the dual-authored La literatura en 1881. LA is almost brutally direct, while P.V. is far more indirect, in attacking the low cultural level in 1881 Spain.

B424 Fernández González, José Ramón, ‘Crónica del Simposio’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.xiii– xxix. Explains how the Symposium was organized and gives a detailed synopsis of papers, events, and reaction to the gathering.

B425 Fernández Gutiérrez, José María, ‘Función de los objetos de interiores’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.431–39. Objects, reflected through the deforming prism of LA’s humour and irony, tend to degrade not only social surroundings but characters themselves.

140

Secondary Material B426 Fernández Hidalgo, Eugenio, ‘Los dioses de la crítica’, La Unión Católica (M), 9, No.2365 (31.5.1895), [1]. Anti-Clarín. LA is now a ‘crítico convertido en criticado’, especially since Teresa flopped.

B427 Fernández Insuela, Antonio, ‘Algunos datos sobre la fortuna editorial de “Clarín” entre 1947 y 1981’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.111–24. F.I. sent out a questionnaire to several publishers of Clarín’s work and received some interesting answers regarding numbers of copies published and sold between 1947 (when the Obras selectas appeared) and 1981 (when author’s rights expired), publishing difficulties, etc. The popular 1966 Alianza ed. of LR marked the turning point in sales.

B428 ——, ‘“Clarín” y La Regenta en su tiempo’, Ínsula, No.496 (Mar. 1988), 10. Rev.-art. of B303.

B429 ——, ‘El colectivo “Casona” representará hoy Teresa, el drama de Clarín’, La Nueva España (O) (30.11.1984), 7. Gives the background to Teresa and contemporary critical reception. Notes an 1896 (Bilbao) and a 1908 (Madrid) production of the play. See also 1 Dec. 1984, p.6, for an ‘Aclaración’ to his article.

B430 Fernández Jordán, Pedro F., ‘Aportación a la biografía de “Clarín”: Leopoldo Alas en Guadalajara’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.125–40. Comments on five stories with a Guadalajara background (‘Bustamante’; ‘Pipá’; ‘Speraindeo’; ‘Superchería’; and ‘Zurita’); and reproduces documents concerning LA’s father Genaro’s term as Civil Governor of Guadalajara.

B431 *——, ‘Un libro sobre la mesa: La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (17.5.1963). See also B1397.

B432 Fernández Larraín, Sergio, ed., Cartas inéditas de Miguel de Unamuno, 2nd ed. (Santiago de Chile/Madrid: Ediciones Zig-Zag/Ediciones Rodas, 1972). (1st ed., 1965). 141

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) See ‘Índice de nombres’ for Unamuno’s changing views about LA, in letters to Pedro de Mugica, dating from 1892 to 1922.

B433 Fernández Martínez Elorza, Jesús [pseud.: Nitármez], ‘La Regenta (de Clarín)’, El Noroeste (Gijón), 5, No.1534 (30.5.1901), [1]. Says that the 1901 ed. of LR (14,000 copies printed) sold out quickly.

B434 Fernández Rodríguez-Avello, Manuel, ‘Cantando la clarinodia’, Hojas Universitarias (O), 1 (Dec. 1984), 12. Impressions of the 1984 Oviedo Symposium.

B435 ——, ‘Clarín y el periódico dominguero Tambor y Gaita’, BIDEA (O), 39, No.114 (1985), 301–11. Summarized as ‘Cuando el semanario Tambor y Gaita recomendaba La Regenta como somnífero’, in La Nueva España (O) (27.10.1985), 28. Cites more examples of the anonymous ‘anticlariniano furibundo e ingenioso’ whose darts appeared in this ephemeral journal (12.7.27.9.1885).

B436 ——, Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ (1884–1984) (1885–1985) (Oviedo: Cía de FF.CC. Económicos de Asturias, 1985). 215 pp. ‘Un folio para Manuel Avello’, by José María Martínez Cachero (pp.11–13). Contains a general introduction to Alas and LR, as well as the matching of real places and persons with fictitious ones. Most of the book consists of passages taken from LR. See also B828.

B437 ——, ‘Com Clarín em Portugal’, La Nueva España (O) (24.2.1988), 4. Comments on the Portuguese translation of LR and the cultural activities honouring Asturias in Lisbon (Jornadas Culturals Das Asturias, Espanha, 26 Feb.-12 Mar. 1988).

B438 ——, ‘Con Clarín y La Regenta en Estocolmo’, Vetusta (O), No.24 (12.11.1986), 10–11. Notices about the Swedish translation of LR and presentation in Stockholm.

142

Secondary Material B439 ——, ‘El despacho de Clarín se conserva en buen estado’, La Nueva España (O) (2.12.1984), 32. Comments on being moved when he recently saw, for the first time, some of LA’s personal effects, his desk, some of his library, autographed books, telegrams from Galdós and Picón to his widow, all in the possession of Ignacio and Raquel Soto (Gijón).

B440 ——, ‘Edición de Juan Ruiz, periódico manuscrito de Clarín’, La Nueva España (O) (12.10.1984), 6. Advance description of Ab9.

B441 ——, ‘Menéndez y Pelayo escribe a Clarín’, ABC (M) (13.6.1956), n. pag. Rpt. in his Vida y obra literaria de Juan Ochoa Betancourt (1:B399), pp.187–90. Citing from correspondence, F.R.-A. reviews the role LA played in M.P.’s senatorial campaigns and in the promotion of Juan Ochoa’s literary work.

B442 ——, ‘Ortega y Gasset, Clarín y La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (20.2.1983), 29. Tenuous links connect Ortega’s centenary (b. 1883) with LR’s.

B443 ——, ‘Palique con estrambote’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.33–42. On LA’s problematical relationship with Oviedo/Vetusta, and the city’s initial shrug of indifference when LR was published. In the estrambote, Avello announces that some of LA’s belongings, furniture, autographed books, and other documents are being cared for by Ignacio and Raquel Soto Buznego, in Somió.

B444 ——, Recuerdos asturianos de Ramón Pérez de Ayala (Oviedo: Biblioteca Popular Asturiana, 1980), pp.102–5. Cites from a little-known 1928 speech by P. de A., on the maestro LA’s virtues.

B445 ——, ‘La Regenta, esa obra de arte’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.]. Words of praise for LR.

143

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B446 ——, ‘Simposio y apoteosis de Clarín’, Vetusta (O), No.7 (Dec. 1984), 5. Favourable notice of the Nov. 1984 Oviedo Symposium.

B447 ——, ‘Vuelve Teresa’, La Nueva España (O) (30.11.1984), 5. Recalls a student production of Teresa, in Oviedo, on 10 Dec. 1930. (See *Región [O] [11.12.1930]).

B448 Fernández-Sevilla, J[ulio], Erudición y crítica en los siglos XIX y XX (Madrid: Editorial La Muralla, 1975), pp.15–17. Introductory material on LA as a critic; with slides.

B449 Fernández Silvestre, Marta, ‘La Regenta, una novela de clave’ (1:B401). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.36–46. Fernanflor [pseud.]: See Fernández Flórez, Isidoro. B450 Ferrán, ‘Entierro de “Clarín”’, El País (M) (15.6.1901), [1– 2]. On the reaction towards LA’s death and his funeral.

B451 Ferraz Martínez, Antonio, ‘Apéndice’, in Cuentos (see Ad19), pp.135–48. A discussion of the themes and autobiographical undertones of LA’s stories.

B452 ——, Guía de estudio. Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”. Cuentos (Madrid: Ediciones Anaya, 1985). 20 pp. A supplement to F.M.’s ed. of Cuentos (see Ad19), this study guide consists of questions and notes on LA and his time and on five stories (‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘La conversión de Chiripa’; ‘El dúo de la tos’; ‘Dos sabios’; and ‘El entierro de la sardina’).

B453 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Cuentos (see Ad19), pp.7–23. On the historical and literary contexts of LA’s life and work.

144

Secondary Material B454 Ferrer Solà, Jesús, ‘El naturalismo como signo’, Ínsula, No.514 (Oct. 1989), 6–7. Rev.-art. of B386.

B455 Ferreras, Juan Ignacio, La novela en el siglo XIX (desde 1868) (Madrid: Taurus, 1988), pp.16, 48–51. Introductory pages.

B456 ——, & Andrés Franco, El teatro en el siglo XIX (Madrid: Taurus, 1989), pp.117–30. Reviews LA’s theatre criticism and its marked sociological character. Rpts his rev. of Galdós’s Realidad and Echegaray’s El hijo de Don Juan. See also Ah108.

B457 Fitzmaurice-Kelly, James, A History of Spanish Literature (New York/London: D. Appleton & Company, 1920), pp.391–92. (1st ed., 1898) An early English appreciation of LA’s work, especially LR.

B458 *Flanagan, Charlene Regina, ‘The Methodology of Characterization in the Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Spanish Novel’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1989. 370 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 50, No.7 (1991), 2077A. Sees characterization in the narratives of LA, Pardo Bazán, and others as the culmination of earlier ways of creating character through Lavaterian physiognomy, costumbrista sketches, and the historical novel.

B459 Flores García, Francisco, ‘Goethe’, El Heraldo de Madrid (1.7.1892), [1]. Rev. of Goethe. Ensayos críticos, by G. Serrano, and LA prologue (1:Ag9).

B460 Fonseca Cuervas, Julio, ‘Guillermo Estrada, el catedrático al que “Clarín” citó con su propio nombre en La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (23.9.1984), 32. For LA this regionalist traditionalist was ‘primer cabeza de nuestra Universidad’.

145

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Forgues, Roland: See Brey, Gérard. B461 Forniés, Aquilino, ‘La ejecución de Leopoldo Alas’, El País (M) (30.3.1979), 10. Supplements Portela (B1064) by giving a cellmate’s details of the last morning and execution of LA’s son on 22 Feb. 1937. In ‘Cartas al Director’ section.

B462 Fortes Fernández, José Antonio, ‘El realismo límite de “Clarín”: una lectura de La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.441–55. Clarín’s art represents a revolutionary, new stance in its subversion of existent ideological forces.

B463 Francés, José, ‘El perfil de los días. Clarín’, Nuevo Mundo (M), 32, No.1619 (30.1.1925), n. pag. A nostalgic appreciation of the multi-talented Clarín, who endured small minds and mean spirits, says J.F.

Franco, Andrés: See Ferreras, Juan Ignacio. B464 Francos Rodríguez, José, ‘Lo que fue. Perros grandes y chicos. (De las memorias de un gacetillero)’, La Esfera (M), No.84 (7.8.1915), n. pag. Rpt. in his En tiempo de Alfonso XII (1875–1885). De las memorias de un gacetillero (Madrid: Renacimiento, n.d.), pp.154–60. When the liberals came to power in 1881, they rectified previous oversights, including LA’s university professorship (obtained in 1882).

B465 *Frank, Linda Pinsker, ‘Bovarysm, its Concept and Application to Literature: Stendhal, Flaubert, Hardy, Alas, and Lewis’, unpubl. diss., Purdue Univ., 1985. 207 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 46, No.7 (Jan. 1985), 1931–32A. SUH is an example of Bovarysm of characters and situation.

Fray Candil [pseud.]: See Bobadilla, Emilio.

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Secondary Material B466 Frézals, G[eorges?] de (F.-B. Navarro), ‘La Regenta. Roman de Léopold Alas [sic]’ (1:B427). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.212–24. B467 Friera, Ataúlfo [pseud.: Tarfe], ‘Teatrerías. Siguen las Variedades’, El Comercio (Gijón) (14.3.1895), [2]. Cites LA to support his attack on low-level reporters of the low-level género chico.

B468 ——, ‘Teresa’, El Comercio (Gijón) (24.3.1895), [2]. A heated defence more of LA himself than of the much attacked Teresa. LA later responds, gratefully, in a letter (El Comercio [28.3.1895], [2]). See also Af6.

B469 Friera Suárez, Florencio, ‘El estreno de Electra en Oviedo’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.1067–79. An interesting account of how a homage to LA was exploited politically in late June 1901 in order to present Galdós’s anticlerical play Electra, instead of the previously announced new production of Teresa.

B470 Fries, F[ritz] R[udolf], ‘Nachwort’, in Die Präsidentin (see Ai20), pp.837–43. Situates LR within the wider context of European fiction, notes its psychological depth and subversive nature.

B471 Fuente, Bienvenido de la, El modernismo en la poesía de Salvador Rueda (Frankfurt/Bern: Peter Lang/Herbert Lang, 1976), pp.26–29, 31–34. Discusses LA’s possible influence on Salvador Rueda.

B472 Fuente, Inmaculada de la, ‘Carolyn Richmond’, El País (M) (30.8.1986), 40. An interview in which C.R. discusses her work on LA.

B473 Fuente, Juan Luis, ‘El colectivo de Teatro “Casona” repone Teresa de Clarín’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (25.11.1984), 48. The company decided to stick closely to the original, even though LA’s skills as a playwright are deficient.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B474 ——, ‘Inaugurada la exposición bibliográfica y documental sobre La Regenta y “Clarín”’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (31.5.1984), 9. Describes the exhibit contents.

B475 ——, ‘Lombardía pinta a La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (5.7.1984), 36. Lombardía’s illustrations are expressionist, emphasizing the psychological depths of LR and derealizing the local space and time of the novel.

B476 Fuente [Ballesteros], R[icardo] de la, ‘Algunas cartas dirigidas a Campoamor (Mesonero Romanos, Zorrilla, Pardo Bazán, Vico y Clarín)’, BRIDEA (O), 47, No.142 (1993), 663–81. Three letters from LA, asking Campoamor’s help in getting his brother Adolfo employed over cacique Alejandro Pidal’s opposition. See also Af2.

B477 ——, ed., Pérez Galdós y Clarín, by F[rancisco] Caudet & J[osé] María Martínez Cachero, Colección Historia de la Literatura Española, 36 (Madrid: Júcar, 1993). 371 pp. Pp.189–360: Clarín, by Martínez Cachero. An introduction to the life and works of LA, with brief commentaries of two texts rptd (see Ah36 and 114) and a partially annotated bibliography.

B478 Fuente Martín, Lilliam de la, ‘Nota introductoria’, in Superchería y otras narraciones (see Ad55), pp.7–17. Gives political-historical background of nineteenth-century Spain and a summary of LA’s life and works.

B479 Fuentes, Carmen, ‘El mundo de Clarín y La Regenta en la Biblioteca Nacional’, ABC (M) (22.12.1984), 53. On contents of the exhibit.

B480 Fuentes, Víctor, ‘El realismo integral de La Regenta y Fortunata y Jacinta’, HR, 57 (1989), 43–56. Drawing on Mircea Eliade, brings to the fore the mythic elements in both novels.

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Secondary Material B481 Fueyo Bros, Gerardo José, ‘La Regenta’, in Comentarios de texto sobre ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín (see B318), pp.3–17. A general study of narrative structure and characters; some interesting comments on temporal elements such as analepsis, isocronías and anisocronías.

B482 Gabino, Juan Pedro, ‘“Un paraíso sin manzanas”: Clarín ante la sensualidad helénica’, Álbum. Letras-Artes (M), No. 29 (1992), 82–85. LA’s contribution to the collectively authored parody, Las vírgenes locas (1886), appears to advocate the desirability of a healthy, Apollonian sensuality.

B483 Gamallo Fierros, Dionisio, ‘Aportaciones al estudio de “Clarín”’, La Nueva España (O) (31.1;7.2;8,23.2;2,24.3.1962), 6, 5, 12, 14, 15. A six-part series on: LA’s collaboration in Gil Blas (M) (2a época, 1882); his views of Pardo Bazán’s Un viaje de novios and Galdós’s La desheredada; his participation in the 1882 Madrid Ateneo debate over naturalism; and his first piece signed ‘Clarín’ in El Solfeo (M) (rpt. here) (see Ah60). I was unable to see Part V.

B484 ——, ‘Un “Clarín” del XIX. Leopoldo Alas’, Imperio (Zamora), 10 (18.2.1945), 5 (1:B442). Underlines the possible influence of LA’s innovative prose style on Azorín.

B485 ——, ‘“Clarín”, pregonero de los encantos estivales del Principado’, La Nueva España (O) (21,24,26,30[?].6; 15.7.1962), 9, 11, 6, 14. A five-part series. Part II is called ‘“Clarín”, pregonero de los encantos veraniegos de Asturias’; Part III, ‘“Clarín”, cronista veraniego de Asturias’; Part V, ‘“Clarín”, cronista del veraneo en Asturias’. I was unable to see Part IV. Discusses and transcribes (with abridgements) LA’s article, ‘Las costas de Asturias’ (La Ilustración Cantábrica [M] [18.7.1882]), which apparently came out first in El Día (M); and rpts LA’s chronicle about Asturias and Asturian fiestas; his anti-taurine stance is noted. See also Ah69.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B486 ——, ‘Complemento a “Clarín”, cronista del veraneo en Asturias’, La Nueva España (O) (28.7.1962), 14. LA’s praise of the Campo de San Francisco and poet Teodoro Cuesta.

B487 ——, ‘Dos composiciones de Campoamor, extraídas de sus poesías (1840): “Al río Navia” y el pre-rosaliano “Su imagen”. – Dos cartas a “Clarín”: pésame por la muerte de su padre y reacción ante el primer tomo de La Regenta’, Magister (O), No.3 (May 1985), 273–300. Pp.288–300: rpts, with commentary, two (out of twenty-seven) unpublished letters of Campoamor to LA. In one, dated 2 Dec. 1884, the poet sends condolences upon the death of LA’s father, don Genaro García-Alas, an old friend of his (24 Nov.); and in another, dated 4 Feb. 1885, Campoamor succinctly praises vol.1 of LR. The autograph of a third letter – a sympathy note upon the death of LA’s mother (dated 19 Oct. 1896) – is reproduced without commentary on p.292.

B488 ——, ‘En el centenario de un malogrado gran escritor: Francisco Navarro Ledesma’, Arriba (M), 2a época (5.9.1969), n. pag. On the changing LA-Navarro y Ledesma literary relationship. Rpts a letter to LA, dated 19.9.1889, in which he complains of the petty miseries of Spanish literary life and expresses enthusiasm for ‘Sinfonía de dos novelas’.

B489 ——, ‘En el ciento cincuenta aniversario del nacimiento de Pereda’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (20,27.8;4,11,18,25.9; 2,16,23,30.10;6,20.11.1983), 19, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 19, 21, 21, 21, 23, 21. A twelve-part series, in which G.F. discusses: LA’s views of Pereda’s novels; the LA-Pereda correspondence; Pereda’s opinions of LR and his praise of LA’s narrative skill; P.’s quibbles over the morality of LR; P.’s and LA’s first face-to-face meeting; their visit to Avilés; LA’s defence of P.’s Sotileza; the first critical reactions of El Comercio (Gijón) and El Carbayón (Oviedo) to LR. Fragments of letters dated 12.3.;23.6.1884; 9, 26.2.1885, are cited in Parts III and IV and rpt. in B1410, pp.302–8. See also B1716.

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Secondary Material B490 ——, ‘Evocación del Leopoldo Alas de 1882’, La Nueva España (O) (27.9.1962), 4. Recounts LA’s wedding trip to Andalucía.

B491 ——, ‘Las primeras reacciones de Galdós ante La Regenta’ (1:B448). Reproduces five Galdós letters to LA, dated 24.2;6.4;5.5;20.9; and 26.10.1885, which Tintoré in B1410 also rpts, pp.309–21.

B492 ——, ‘La Regenta, a través de cartas inéditas de la Pardo Bazán a “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.277–312. Noteworthy is the reproduction, in part or in toto, of ten of thirty-four surviving letters from a then admiring Pardo Bazán. It would be invaluable to have all thirty-four letters published in their entirety.

B493 *Gambarte, Eduardo Mateo, ‘Estratos temporales y espaciales en Su único hijo:. visión crítica de la obra’, unpubl. tesis de licenciatura, Univ. de Barcelona, 1977. B494 Garagorri, Paulino, Unamuno, Ortega, Zubiri en la filosofía española (1:B451). Rpt. as La filosofía española en el siglo XX: Unamuno, Ortega, Zubiri (dos precursores, Clarín y Ganivet, y cuatro continuadores) (Madrid: Alianza, 1985), pp.211–25. B495 García, Carlos Javier, ‘La escena del Don Juan en La Regenta: representación e incidencia estructural’, in Actas del Congreso sobre José Zorrilla. Una nueva lectura (Valladolid, 18–21 Oct. 1993), ed. Javier Blasco Pascual, Ricardo de la Fuente Ballesteros, & Alfredo Mateos Paramio (Valladolid: Univ./Fundación Jorge Guillén, 1995), pp.323–31. Examines how LA creates different interpretive levels in Ch. XVI by varying the distance, or perspective, between characters and their experience of the Zorrilla Don Juan scene.

García, Marina: See Ac3.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B496 García-Alcalde, Guillermo, ‘Clarín y la música’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.]. On LA’s literary use of music to create an atmosphere or to probe psychological states; and the limits to LA’s musical knowledge.

B497 *García Ardalani, Elvia, ‘Retrato psicológico de Ana Ozores y Fermín de Pas, personajes de La Regenta de Leopoldo Alas’, unpubl. M.A. thesis, Texas A & M Univ.Kingsville, 1995. 67 pp. Abstracted in MAI, 34, No.1 (1996), 78. A psychological study of LA’s modern sense of character.

B498 García Arias, J.L., Bable y regionalismo (lo que dixeron y aína dicen dellos asturianos de la so llingua) (Oviedo: Imprenta Gofer, 1975), pp.34–38. On LA’s appreciation of everyday usages of el bable, which he saw, nevertheless, as destined to disappear.

B499 García Berrio, Antonio, ‘La figura de Don Juan en el postromanticismo español’, Anales de la Universidad de Murcia, 24 (1965–66), 279–324. On Álvaro Mesía as a degenerate, bourgeois form of the Zorrilla creation (pp.281–94).

B500 García Calderón Rey, Francisco, ‘Clarín y los prólogos’, in his De litteris (Crítica). Prol. by José Enrique Rodó (Lima: Librería e Imprenta Gil, 1904), pp.1–14. G.C.R. discusses three of LA’s prologues as exemplary of the form: those prefacing Altamira’s Mi primera campaña, González Serrano’s Goethe, and Rodó’s Ariel.

B501 García de Castro, Ramón, ‘Maestros de Pérez de Ayala (III). Leopoldo Alas’, La Nueva España (O) (23.9.1980), 30. Glosses P. de A.’s reminiscences of his teacher, LA.

B502 García de la Concha, Víctor, ‘“Atreverse a saber”: Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”, humanista’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien

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Secondary Material años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.]. Rpt. as ‘Atreverse a saber’, in ABC (M) (8.11.1991). Even in his fiction LA attempts an ‘enciclopedismo sustantivo’, an allencompassing analysis of his time and place.

B503 ——, ‘Clarín y la modernidad’, Anuario Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos ‘Florián de Ocampo’ (1985), 820–24. LA’s encyclopedic humanism can also be seen in LR as a sign of modernity, an attempt to incorporate everything into the text, thus reconciling at once LA’s aristocratic and democratic tendencies.

B504 García de Cortázar Ruiz de Aguirre, Fernando, ‘Iglesia y religión en la España de La Regenta’, LdD, 15, No.32 (May–Aug. 1985), 25–44. An informative first half, giving us a good outline of the hierarchical power structure and ideology of the Church in Restoration Spain. The second half is mostly descriptive of religious practices and figures found in LR.

B505 García Domínguez, Elías, ‘La tradición literaria asturiana’, in El libro de Asturias, by Jaime Truyols Santonja, Juan Uría Ríu, et al (Oviedo: Prensa del Norte, 1970), 334–56. Pp.339–43: an overview.

B506 García Gómez, Génesis, ‘El antiflamenquismo en La Regenta’, CHA, No.453 (Mar. 1988), 73–86. Situates LA’s antiflamenquismo within a liberal, enlightenment framework; and suggests that his dislike of flamenquismo, seen in the satiric portrait of Joaquinito Orgaz, should be juxtaposed to Pompeyo Guimarán’s idealist progresismo.

García Lorca, Laura de los Ríos: See Gracia, Juan Ignacio. B507 García-Medall, Joaquín, ‘Desarrollo de una obsesión decimonónica en La Regenta de Clarín’, Millars (Univ. de Valencia), 9 (1988), 65–89. Classifies and describes examples of foot fetishism as an eroticsymbolic structuring device in the novel.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B508 García Mercadal, J., ‘Clarín, Pérez de Ayala, Ortega y Munilla y los Lunes de El Imparcial’, Destino (B), No.1300 (7.7.1962), 31–33. Discusses the disciple-master relationship between P. de A. and LA and reprints P. de A.’s 1904 tribute (see 1:B937).

B509 García Miñor, Antonio, ‘La calle de Leopoldo Alas’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (27.4.1980), 20. Comments on the street named for LA in Oviedo.

B510 García Morales, Alfonso, Literatura y pensamiento hispánico de fin de siglo: Clarín y Rodó, Colección Filosofía y Letras, 136 (Sevilla: Univ., 1992). 102 pp. An account of LA’s intellectual and literary relationship with, and influence over, Rodó.

B511 García Pavón, Francisco, ‘“Clarín” y su teatro social’, in his Textos y escenarios (Barcelona: Plaza y Janés, 1971), pp.63–66. Teresa anticipates Dicenta’s Juan José as the first modern example of Spanish social theatre.

B512 ——, ‘Inicios del teatro social en España (1895)’, in El teatro y su crítica. Reunión de Málaga de 1973 (Málaga: Instituto de Cultura de la Diputación Provincial, 1975), pp.203–7. Reiterates B511.

B513 García Pérez, Francisco, ‘El lobo que no vino’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (30.12.1984), 21. While praising the appropriateness of celebrating the Clarín Symposium, G.P. lambasts the often frivolous abuse of expensive, government-subsidized actos culturales, repeatedly attended by the same group of people.

B514 García Ramón, Leopoldo, ‘A propósito de plagios’, *El Globo (M), 3a época, 14, No.4576 (13.5.1888). Rpt. in ‘La

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Secondary Material Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.375–80. Defends LA against Bonafoux’s accusation of plagiarism in LR.

B515 García Rey, M., Clarín y sus folletos (Madrid: U. Montegrifo, Impresor, 1887). 60 pp. (1:B474). Review: 1. Anon. Revista de España (M), 119, No.472 (1888), 311.

B516 García Sánchez, Justo, Leopoldo Alas universitario (Oviedo: Univ., 1990). 256 pp. Presentación, by Santiago Melón Fernández (p.8). Contains Un discurso (pp.10–108) (see 1:Ab19); ‘Semblanza bio-bibliográfica de D. José Buylla y Godino e Introducción a las conferencias de Clarín’ (pp.109–37); 28 ‘Conferencias’, which are the course notes of José Buylla taken in LA’s 1899–1900 first-year law class (pp.138–213); and reminiscences of LA, compiled by José María Martínez Cachero (pp.215–56): Ulpiano Gómez, ‘Recuerdo’ (1:B502); Maximino Estévanez, ‘Non omnis moriar’; Un Ex-Alumno, ‘Clarín en su cátedra’ (1:B359); Rafael Altamira, Cosas del día (1:B34); Álvaro Albornoz; Ramón Pérez de Ayala, Prol. to Doña Berta (1:B934); Augusto F. Barcia [Trelles], Leopoldo Alas (1:B1394). See also Ab6; B15, 51, 103, 226, 357, 402, 550, 820, and 903.

B517 García San Miguel, Luis, ‘Obra académica de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”, filósofo del Derecho’, Anuario de Derechos Humanos (M), No.4 (1986–87), 111–53. Traces the lines of LA’s intellectual development in such works as his doctoral dissertation, his early writings on economics, the newspaper articles on la Mano Negra in Andalucía (1882), the prologue to Jhering’s La lucha por el derecho, the 1885 Ateneo lectures, the article on Díaz Ordóñez’s La Unidad Católica, the two prologues to Carlyle’s Héroes, Un discurso (1891), and the 1896 Apuntes de clase.

B518 ——, ‘El pensamiento de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, in Apuntes de clase de “Clarín” (see Ab3), pp.13–44. Divides LA’s ideological development into four stages: his Catholic orthodoxy (until 1872); Krausist period (1872–82); Krausopositivist period (1882–92); and mysticism (1892–1901). The Apuntes, as a rare example of a Krausist incursion into the Spanish philosophy of law, reflect much of LA’s wide-ranging thinking.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B519 ——, El pensamiento de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” (Madrid: Centro de Estudios Constitucionales, 1987). 340 pp. Relying heavily on other critics and extensive quotation, this study, while refining earlier critical judgements, tends to be a gloss of LA’s philosophical, juridico-moral, religious, and socio-political ideas. Of interest are the pages devoted to LA’s ‘filosofía jurídica y moral’, albeit a lesser aspect of Clarín’s work. In no way supercedes Lissorgues’s solid contribution (see 1:B662).

B520 García Sarriá, Francisco, ‘Formas narrativas en España a finales del siglo XIX y Su único hijo de Clarín’, in his Estudios de novela española moderna: texto y subtexto de Galdós a Guelbenzu (Madrid: Playor, 1987), pp.36–44. The symbolism of SUH reflects its introspective and subjective nature as a transitional, fin de siglo novel.

B521 García Valero, Eloy, La novela contemporánea, Discurso leído en la Real Academia Sevillana de Buenas Letras (27 Apr. 1888) (Sevilla: Imprenta de La Andalucía, 1889), pp.38–9. G.V. admires LA’s ‘finísimo análisis introspectivo’ in LR, but deplores the lack of ‘moral elevation’.

B522 García Vela, Fernando, ‘Un día de “Clarín” en Oviedo’ (1:B1263). Extracted in ‘Antología urgente de Fernando García Vela’, ed. Teófilo Rodríguez Neira, Los Cuadernos del Norte (O), 1, No.1 (Especial) (Apr.–May 1980), 74. B523 García Venero, Maximiano, Melquíades Álvarez: historia de un liberal. Prol. de Azorín (Madrid: Alhambra, 1954), pp.59–65, 91–92. 2nd ed. ampliada (Madrid: Tebas, 1974), pp.59–66, 69, 71–78, 87–89, 93–94, 99–101, et passim. LA as an intellectual and political mentor and friend of Melquíades Álvarez. See also Af12.

B524 Gargano, Antonio, ‘Il “panno grigio” e la “fodera di seta”. Noia e amore a Vetusta’, ConfLett (Pavia), 11, No.21 (May 1994), 129–38.

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Secondary Material The provincial city (Vetusta) as the site of boredom, of small but disturbing changes masked by an apparent immobility.

B525 Gascón Vera, Elena, ‘Estructura femenina y lectura femenina: La Regenta y Nada menos que todo un hombre’, in her Un mito nuevo: la mujer como sujeto/objeto literario (Madrid: Pliegos, 1992), pp.149–67. Gives a ‘lectura femenina’ privileging the female protagonists as ‘victims’.

B526 Gaudemar, Antoine de, ‘Goytisolo: “l’exception géniale du XIXe siècle”’, Libération (Paris) (9.9.1987), 37. An interesting interview with Juan Goytisolo, in which he reflects upon the striking modernity of LR and its limited reception until recently.

B527 Gerrard, Lisa, ‘The Feminist Dimension of La Regenta’, LFem, 13, Nos 1–2 (1987), 91–99. Vetusta’s misogyny is internalized as Ana’s self-hatred, creating her eventual downfall. Author tends to simplify LA’s complex and contradictory position toward women, splitting his work into a ‘brief moment’ of feminism in LR and a later antifeminism.

B528 ——, ‘Romantic Heroines in the Nineteenth-Century Novel: A Feminist View’, IJWS, 7 (1984), 10–16. Argues in this descriptive comparative article that heroines like Emma Bovary, Maggie Tulliver, and Ana Ozores are presented in feminist terms because they are self-destructive romantics trapped in a domestic drama.

B529 Gies, David Thatcher, The Theatre in Nineteenth-Century Spain (Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1994), pp.330–31, et passim. On Teresa as a significant example of social drama.

B530 Gil Cremades, Juan José, ‘Clarín, catedrático de Zaragoza’, El Heraldo de Aragón (Zaragoza) (3.10.1982), n. pag. (1:B490). Recreates the Zaragoza that LA might have encountered during his 1882 teaching spell at the University.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B531 Gilman, Stephen, Galdós y el arte de la novela europea, 1867–1887 (Madrid: Taurus, 1985), pp.153–82. Spanish version of 1:B496. B532 ——, ‘La novela como diálogo: La Regenta y Fortunata y Jacinta’ (1:B497). Rpt. in ‘Fortunata y Jacinta’ de Benito Pérez Galdós, ed. Germán Gullón (Madrid: Taurus, 1986), pp.389–400. B533 Gimferrer, Pere, ‘Noticias del Tenorio’, in his Segundo dietario (Barcelona: Seix Barral, 1985), pp.158–60. Orig. publ. as Segon dietari (1980–1982) (1982). P.G. notes how the Zorrilla play is still very much alive, and not dated, for Ana Ozores in LR.

B534 Giné Janer, Marta, ‘Maupassant y Clarín: padres e hijos’, Anuari de Filologia (B), 17, No.5 [secció G] (1994), 45–52. A comparison of the theme.

B535 ——, ‘La personalidad romántica de Jeanne Le Perthuis des Vauds y Bonifacio Reyes’, Anuario de Filología (B), 10 (1984), 279–93. An unconvincing, diffuse article on the presumed parallels between the protagonists of SUH and Maupassant’s Une vie.

B536 ——, ‘Radiografía de un ideal: la pasión amorosa de Bonifacio Reyes’, Scriptura (Lleida), No.1 (1986), 15–23. Goes over old territory, the impossibility of an idealized, non-sensual love in SUH.

B537 ——, ‘Une vie y Su único hijo: el porqué de una semejanza’, in Imágenes de Francia en las letras hispánicas, ed. Francisco Lafarga (Barcelona: PPU, 1989), pp.67–75. The protagonists of both novels are dreamers, displaced romantics, passive by nature and thirsty for absolutes in an impure world of sensation.

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Secondary Material B538 Ginesillo, ‘Comidilla. “Clarín” teresamaníaco’, La Unión Católica (M) 9, No.2379 (18.6.1895), [3]. Anti-Teresa. LA, he says, took his play to Barcelona in hopes his Catalan friends and fellow critics would treat him better than Madrid did.

B539 ——, ‘Cuentos de “Clarín”’, La Unión Católica (M), 10, No.2655 (16.5.1896), [3]. Negative rev. of Cuentos morales.

B540 Girón, Socorro, ‘Introducción’, in Literatura de Bonafoux (see B172), pp.9–24. On the LA-Bonafoux literary wrangle (pp.16–18).

B541 Girón Garrote, José, ‘La política española en la época de “Clarín”’, Anuario Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos ‘Florián de Ocampo’ (1985), 839–46. Sees LA’s political stance going from democratic-republican to moderate Castelar posibilista, back to an independent republican position in his last years.

B542 Glen, Lee Taylor, ‘Leopoldo Alas y Eça de Queiroz: estudio comparativo de La Regenta, O crime do Padre Amaro y O primo Bazílio’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1990. 313 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 51, No.5 (1990), 1603A. Using a descriptive, narratological frame, author analyses parallels in the use of time and space, characterization, focalization, and figurative language.

B543 *Godínez, ‘A Bonafoux el desmedrado … carta le escribo’, Revista Popular (O), 1, No.4 (16.7.1901), 9–10. Cited by Torres (B1429). On Bonafoux’s ‘Explosión de un traductor’ (1:B188).

B544 Godoy Gallardo, Eduardo, ‘El movimiento naturalista y la crítica española del XIX’, Signos (Valparaíso, Chile), 5 (1971), 95–109. Discusses the critical posture toward naturalism of Pardo Bazán, Menéndez y Pelayo, Valera, Blanco García, and LA.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B545 Gold, Hazel, ‘Literature in a Paralytic Mode: Digression as Transgression in La Regenta’, RHM, 48 (1995), 54–68. In a postmodern-style reading that emphasizes discontinuity, provisionality and the dislocation of totalizing discourses, Gold sees the narrative, linguistic and tropological forms of digression in LR as examples of Michel de Certeau’s oppositional practices of everyday life.

B546 ——, ‘The Novelist at the Opera: Genre and Intertextuality in Su único hijo’, in Intertextual Pursuits: Literary Mediations in Modern Spanish Narrative, ed. Jeanne P. Brownlow & John W. Kronik (Lewisburg PA: Bucknell Univ. Press, 1998), pp.76–96. Studies the use of opera in SUH as a genre and as a cultural artifact, seeing it as ‘a means of (partially) dislodging the representational mode and criticizing the bourgeois society that fetishizes it’.

B547 ——, ‘La Regenta’, in Cyclopedia of Literary Characters II, III, ed. Frank N. Magill (Pasadena CA: Salem Press, 1990), pp.1284–85. Descriptions of major and secondary characters.

B548 ——, ‘Show and Tell: From Museum to Novel in Clarín’s La Regenta’, España Contemporánea, 3, No.1 (1990), 47– 70. Abridged and revised Spanish version, ‘De paso por el museo: sociedad y conocimiento en La Regenta de Clarín’, in Actas del X Congreso de la Asociación Internacional de Hispanistas, II (Barcelona, 21–26 Aug. 1989), ed. Antonio Vilanova (Barcelona: PPU, 1992), pp.1285–93. An excellent article. H.G. shows how LA uses the museum topos in three key moments not only to debunk middle-class culture but ultimately to suggest epistemological uncertainty, both in the fixed ordering structure of the museum-mind and in the realist novel itself.

B549 Gómez, José Luis, ‘Ediciones, tirajes y reimpresiones de La Regenta (1884–1901)’, in La Regenta (see Ac13), pp.xxxix–xlvii. Excellent description and analysis of the first ed. (1884–85), the folletín

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Secondary Material of La Publicidad (1894), and the 3rd ed. (1901). J.L.G. demonstrates expert knowledge of publishing practices of the period.

B550 Gómez, Ulpiano, ‘Recuerdo’ (1:B502). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), pp.217–22. B551 *Gómez de Baquero, Eduardo [pseud.: Andrenio], ‘Cánovas y “Clarín”’, La Vanguardia (B) (29.11.1917). B552 *——, ‘“Clarín”’, La Vanguardia (B) (25.5.1923). B553 Gómez Canseco, Luis, ‘Dos notas sobre la religiosidad en La Regenta’, Philologia Hispalensis (Univ. de Sevilla), 2, No.1 (1987), 29–39. Looks at Fermín de Pas as the contrafigura of Fortunato Camoirán; and the influence of Thomas à Kempis on Don Víctor.

B554 Gómez Carrillo, Enrique, ‘Intimidades madrileñas. Una visita a doña Emilia Pardo Bazán’, Madrid Cómico, No.792 (23.4.1898), 317–19. When asked about Clarín, P.B. replies: ‘No le conozco personalmente; es un escritor de talento’.

B555 Gómez-Ferrer Morant, Guadalupe, ‘El indiano en la novela realista’, CHA, No.466 (Apr. 1989), 25–49. LA stresses, in stories like ‘Boroña’, the frustrations and human cost of emigration in the indiano’s return home; for G.-F., the indiano is also a sign of incipient modernization in realist texts.

B556 Gómez Mesa, Luis, La literatura española en el cine nacional, 1907–1977 (Madrid: Filmoteca Nacional de España, 1978), pp.82–84. The film adaptations of LR (1974) and ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ are inferior to the originals.

B557 Gómez Ojea, Carmen, ‘En La Regenta hace buen tiempo’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.].

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Details weather changes in LR.

B558 Gómez Palmeiro, Rosendo, ‘El detallismo en la novela de finales del siglo XIX’, Noesis, 1 (Spring 1985), 66–73. Analyses LR as a prime example of Ortega’s model of fiction (in Ideas sobre la novela, 1925); also notes the veiling of key details in the omission of Ana’s confession and her fall into adultery.

B559 ——, ‘Minuciosidad y selección en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.457–65. Using Ortega as the critical model, R.G.P. concludes that LR is ‘escasamente selectiva por su carácter de obra globalizadora’.

B560 Gómez-Santos, Marino, ‘“Clarín” y Madrid’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.43–54. LA’s aloofness towards the capital is an expression not of antimadrileñismo, but of intense regionalism for Asturias (and perhaps too, of the desire for his creature comforts, family and a sense of stability).

B561 ——, ‘La cortesía en Azorín’, Anales Azorinianos (Monóvar, Alicante), No.2 (1985), 11–19. Reviews Azorín’s early contacts with LA, reprinting four letters to Clarín, dated 26.10.1897, 18.4.1898, 12.5.1898, and 12.2.1901 (see 1:B712 and 1:B946), in which Azorín talks of Joaquín Dicenta’s socialism as questionable, of his own evolution as a writer, of his desire to finish his formal studies, and of his violent reaction to the presumed insults of two colleagues. Also recalls a 1952 interview with Azorín in which he spoke of LA.

B562 ——, Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” (1:B514). Review: 1. Anon. Asturias (M), 3, No.23 (Feb. 1953), 21.

B563 Gómez de la Serna, Ramón, ‘El Bilis-Club’, in his Pombo (Buenos Aires: Ed. Juventud Argentina, 1941), pp.422–28. Quotes generously from Flores García (1:B418) on the subject.

B564 Gómez-Tabanera, José Manuel, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”. Del romanticismo al realismo’, in Actas del I Coloquio. Del romanticismo al realismo (Barcelona, 24–26 Oct. 1996). Sociedad de Literatura Española del Siglo XIX, ed. Luis F. Díaz Larios & Enrique Miralles (Barcelona: Univ., 1998), 162

Secondary Material pp.465–70. Also publ. as separata by author (Oviedo: Imprenta Gofer, 1996). 11 pp. Argues for the persistence of romanticism throughout LA’s work.

B565 ——, ‘Luis Bonafoux, el hombre que intentó asesinar literariamente a “Clarín”’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (13, 20, 27.6.1976), n. pag. Conjectures that Bonafoux impugned the originality of LR to gain notoriety, that the anti-Cánovas folleto by LA was the real motivation, and that LA probably met Bonafoux in 1884 or early 1885.

B566 Gómez-Tabanera, José María, ‘Una carta de recomendación a Madrid, desde la Vetusta de “Clarín”’, BIDEA (O), 40, No.120 (1986), 1069–73. Reproduces a letter dated 27.9.1888 and authored by Adolfo Álvarez Buylla, Adolfo Posada and LA, recommending Julián Orbón for a teaching position at the Univ. de Oviedo. See also Af8.

B567 Gómez-Tabanera, José M., & Esteban Rodríguez Arrieta, ‘La “Conversión” de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”: ante una carta inédita de Clarín a don Francisco Giner (20–X– 1887)’, BIDEA (O), 39, No.115 (1985), 467–82. Reviews LA’s immersion in Krausism and his spiritual crises; and reproduces this most fascinating letter to Giner de los Ríos, in which LA talks movingly about his writing (‘Una medianía’) and his spiritual yearnings, blending both when he says: ‘¿Será el Señor, don Francisco? O ¿será vanidad, o vana retórica, o inconsciente afán de originalidad, o el espejismo literario de creerme yo como un personaje de cierta novela que estoy fraguando?’ See also Af7.

B568 Gomis, Ana, ‘Presentada una nueva edición de La Regenta, en dos volúmenes’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (12.1.1984), 20. The facsimile ed. of LR, published by the Caja de Ahorros de Asturias (4,000 copies), was presented, as well as other cultural projects related to LA.

B569 ——, & Luis Collell, ‘Presentado en Oviedo el billete de 200 pesetas dedicado a Clarín’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (28.4.1984), 19.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Juan Cueto and Pedro de Silva spoke about the relationship between LA and money.

B570 Goñi, ‘Martínez Cachero: “La Regenta es una novela de hoy”’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (24.10.1984), 40. On the impact LR had on M.C. in his youth; and the enormous popularity of LR today.

B571 González, Ángel, ‘La Regenta va al teatro’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [3 pp.]. Interesting comments on Ch. XVI, the theatre scene; the relationship between art and reality; art as an illumination of life, a kind of knowledge, in LA’s scheme of things.

B572 González, Anselmo [pseud.: Alejandro Miquis], ‘De teatros’, El Comercio (Gijón) (28.8.1897), [1–2]. Talks of a future production of LA’s now apparently unfinished or lost play, ‘La Millonaria’; and defends Teresa against critics. See also Ae1.

B573 ——, ‘Semana teatral. La pantomima. – La garra de Holmes. – Teatro de Arte’, Nuevo Mundo (M), 15, No.755 (25.6.1908), n. pag. See 1:B1433. González, Etelvino: See González [López], Etelvino. B574 González, Pilar, ‘Mantel y sábana en La Regenta’, Asturias (O), 1, No.6 (22.2.1979), 5–6. In ‘Revista de Asturias’ section. Pursues the theme of eating and sexuality, relating them to class differences in LR.

B575 González de Ávila, Manuel, ‘El juego de los sentidos en La Regenta’, BH, 95 (1993), 587–602. Notes the importance of sensorial imagery in LR, the primacy of the visual and the proliferation of imagery based on hearing, touch, smell, and taste, including examples of synesthesia, which privilege the suffering spirit’s body.

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Secondary Material B576 *——, ‘Notas para el estudio del espacio narrativo en La Regenta’, Las Nuevas Letras (Almería), Nos 277–78 (1991), 23–46. B577 ——, ‘La Regenta: aproximación a un sistema descriptivo’, Archivum (O), 39–40 (1989–90), 249–70. Despite the heavy use of narratological jargon, this is a surprisingly good and helpful piece on LA’s innovative use of the ‘descriptive’. Following Hamon, G. de A. concentrates on the fragmented, dispersed nature of Clarinian descriptive presentation, the significance of focalization, and the dynamic, complex and ideological relationship between exterior and interior, character and description, ending with an incisive analysis of the opening scene of LR.

B578 González-Blanco, Andrés, ‘El aula de “Clarín”’ (1:B520). Rpt. in B1093, p.77. B579 ——, ‘Nuestro “Clarín”’, Nuevo Mundo (M), 30, No.1533 (8.6.1923), n. pag. Comments on the reaction of later writers (Unamuno, Azorín, Maeztu, Pérez de Ayala, etc.) to LA; and on Renan’s influence on LA, ‘el único renaniano español’.

B580 González Fernández, José, ‘Aspectos regionales en Jovellanos, Palacio Valdés y Clarín’, BIDEA (O), 41, No.122 (1987), 433–61. Descriptive article on such disparate things as customs, landscape, agriculture, commerce, humour, el bable, etc.

B581 González González, Manuel, ‘Literatura asturiana’, La Nueva España (O) (8.2.1984), 23. In ‘Cartas al Director’ section. Defends Carlos Rubiera’s exclusion of non-bable writers like LA from the category of Asturian literature. See B1196–97.

B582 González Herrán, José Manuel, ‘Construcción y sentido de “Cuervo”’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.86–92. Rpt. as ‘The Structure and Meaning of “Cuervo”’

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) (trans. Kathleen N. March), in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.167–82. In a sensitive analysis of this infrequently studied story, G.H. points out the thematic resemblance ‘Cuervo’ has with LR. Both stress the pleasures of life. But whereas in LR Ana is punished for her volupté, ‘Cuervo’ proclaims the triumph of life over death and their final reconciliation.

B583 ——, ‘En el Centenario de La Regenta, de “Clarín”’, Ínsula, Nos 485–86 (Apr.–May 1987), 16. Rev.-art. of B304.

B584 ——. ‘La escritura en/de dos fragmentos narrativos de Leopoldo Alas’, in Homenaje a José María Martínez Cachero, II (Oviedo: Univ., 2000), pp.825–37. Examines the metaescritura of ‘Cuesta abajo’ and LA’s contributions to Las vírgenes locas.

B585 ——, ‘Estudio introductorio’, in La cuestión palpitante, by Emilia Pardo Bazán (see Ag3), pp.29–32, 61–63. Comments on the similarities and close relationship among LA’s Ateneo lecture in 1882, his article ‘Del naturalismo’ in La Diana (1882), and the prologue to La cuestión palpitante (1883).

B586 ——, ‘Lectura cinematográfica de La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.467–81. Sensitively points out moments in LR when Clarín uses words to create a montage effect, dissolves, flashbacks, and, above all, a heightened sense of visualization.

B587 ——, ‘La recepción de La Regenta, 1885–1901’, Ínsula, No.487 (June 1987), 9. Rev.-art. of B1410.

B588 ——, ‘Una reseña olvidada de Su único hijo, de “Clarín”’, BBMP (Santander), 63 (1987), 353–63. Comments and reproduces, with annotations, an interesting, receptive rev. by José María Quintanilla (pseud.: Pedro Sánchez), published 23 Aug. 1891 in El Atlántico (Santander). See also B1088.

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Secondary Material B589 González Llana, Félix, ‘Bibliografía. Solos de Clarín, por D. Leopoldo Alas’, La Iberia (M), 28, No.7588 (8.7.1881), [3]. Favourable rev., in which G.Ll. singles out especially ‘De la comisión’ as ‘naturalista’.

——: See also Llana [pseud.]. B590 González [López], Etelvino, ‘Clarín, ante la cuestión social’, La Nueva España (O) (4.11;11.11.1979), 29–30, 33–34. Situates LA within a Krausist-inspired ‘línea liberal de reformismo no estatal’; texts emphasized include ‘Post prandium. Cuento trascendental’ (El Solfeo [M], Nos 385–90 [26–31.10.1876]; also in 1:Ab28) and the 1882–83 series on ‘El hambre en Andalucía’. See also Ah51.

B591 ——, ‘José María de Cos: de magistral de Vetusta a cardenal de la Iglesia’, La Nueva España (O) (4.11.8.1985), 28, 23. Article from 11th Aug. is titled: ‘Clarín elogia a de Cos, cuando el arzobispo de Madrid mayores ataques recibe de la prensa’. Rpt. in his Un Magistral para la Regenta, (see B592), pp.34–43. Details on José María de Cos, Fermín’s presumed real-life model.

B592 ——, Un Magistral para la Regenta, Cuadernos Cubera, 1 (Villaviciosa: Cubera, 1985). 52 pp. Although the first section, ‘Villaviciosa, fin de siglo’, is irrelevant, this monograph contains some interesting documentation on Fermín de Pas’s historical counterpart, José María de Cos y Macho, as well as the reproduction of a ‘Regla de vida’, the devotions of a young woman under de Cos’s spiritual guidance. See also B591.

B593 González Molina, José Gabriel, ‘“Psicología del sexo”: (Exhumación de y comentario a cinco artículos de “Clarín” en La Ilustración Ibérica, de Barcelona)’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.483–504. Rpts the five articles comprising ‘Psicología del sexo’ (pp.483–95); and comments on LA’s Krausist (and traditionalist) view of women, not as inferior creatures but as ‘otra cosa’, with emphasis on the maternal role.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) For Clarín, this meant that education for women had to be different from male schooling. See also Ah105.

B594 González Rubín, Pío, ‘[De mis lecturas y de mis recuerdos]’, in En memoria del homenaje que al excmo novelista Armando Palacio Valdés dedicaron el jueves 5 de abril de 1906 los alumnos de la Universidad de Oviedo, ed. Secundino Prieto de la Torre, José R. Pérez Bances, & Benito Eguiagaray Malgor (Gijón: Compañía Asturiana de Artes Gráficas A.P., [1906]), pp.18–19. Memories of the friendship between LA, Tomás Tuero, Palacio Valdés, and G.R. Taken from remarks delivered at the velada for Palacio Valdés (see B1078).

B595 González Serrano, Urbano, ‘La crítica en España’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 8, No.407 (18.10.1890), 662–63. Rpt. in El Nuevo Heraldo (M) (24.1.1893), [1]; and in 1:B537. B596 ——, ‘Un día de luto’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (14.6.1901). Rpt. in 1:B536; and in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.227–31. B597 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas’, Siluetas (1:B537). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.225–27. B598 ——, ‘La literatura del día. Un día de luto’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (15.6.1901), [1–2]. See 1:B536. B599 ——, ‘Museum. Folletos literarios (VII) por Clarín (Leopoldo Alas)’, Estudios críticos (1:B538). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.41–45. B600 Gonzalo, Gerardo, ‘Introducción’, in Cuentos (see Ad26), pp.7–49. A nice introduction to the life, times, and stories of LA.

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Secondary Material B601 Gordenstein, Roberta, ‘The Liberation of Women in the Nineteenth-Century Spanish Novel’, in Reflections on the Conquest of America: Five Hundred Years After. 5th Biennial Northeast Regional Meeting, American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese, ed. F. William Forbes, Teresa Méndez-Faith, Mary Anne Vetterling, & Barbara H. Wing (Durham NH: Univ. of New Hampshire, 1996), pp.171–79. Discusses the female protagonists in Un viaje de novios and El Cisne de Vilamorta (Pardo Bazán), La de Bringas and Tristana (Galdós), and La Regenta, and their efforts to free themselves from imprisoning role expectations.

B602 Goytisolo, José Agustín, ‘Vetusta’, in his Cuadernos de El Escorial (Barcelona: Lumen, 1995), p.36. An epigrammatic poem playing off ‘Vetusta’/‘vetusta’.

B603 Goytisolo, Juan, ‘Aproximaciones a La Regenta’, Quimera (B), No.100 (1990), 35–40. Rpt. as ‘Clarín: Die Präsidentin. Annäherungen’ (trans. Viktor von Ow), in Spanische Literatur, ed. Michi Strausfeld (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1991), pp.17–34. G. comments on the contemporary hostile reception of LR, a work so seminal and innovative that it needed time to find its proper audience.

B604 ——, ‘La Regenta, en Europa’, El País (M) (29.1.1989), 26. Ideological hostility within Spain and an inability to appreciate LR’s originality largely contributed to the neglect and lack of translations of Clarín’s novel. See also letter in response, by Carmen Iranzo, ‘Gramática de Clarín’, El País (10.2.1989).

B605 Gracia, Juan Ignacio, Rev. of García Lorca, Laura de los Ríos, Los cuentos de Clarín. Modification of 1:B460.4. B606 Gracia Noriega, José [Ignacio], ‘Amores seniles de Ana Ozores’, El País (M) (16.12.1984), 4. Thinks Ana Ozores is a boring character.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B607 ——, ‘La barbarie “aberchale”’, La Nueva España (O) (27.1.1984), 6. Disputes writer Carlos Rubiera’s contention that only texts written in bable can be considered Asturian literature and that therefore LA was not an Asturian writer. See B581, 1196–97.

B608 ——, ‘Clarín y Cachero’, La Nueva España (O) (22.9.1985), 26. Rev. of Martínez Cachero’s Las palabras y los días (1:B1429).

B609 ——, ‘Un diálogo en Asturias’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (8.9.1984), 26. A clever piece, in which G.N. imagines a conversation between LA and Jovellanos in present-day Oviedo, centred on Asturian nationalism.

B610 ——, ‘Los indianos en la literatura’, BIDEA (O), 41, No.124 (1987), 991–1010. Gives the examples of ‘Boroña’ and the indianos de la Colonia in LR.

B611 ——, ‘Los lectores en La Regenta y el capitán Bedoya’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [3 pp.]. On Ana Ozores and Víctor Quintanar as readers and Bedoya as pilferer of books.

B612 ——, ‘Una polémica literaria’, La Nueva España (O) (18.8.1991), viii. Rev. of B186.

B613 Gramberg, Eduard, Fondo y forma del humorismo de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín” (1:B541). Review: 1. Brown, G.G. MLR, 57 (1962), 151.

B614 Granados, Carlos, ‘Glosa del jurista Leopoldo Alas Clarín’, BRIDEA (O), 49, No.146 (1995), 583–88. Comments that juridical attitudes in SUH and LR are consistent with LA’s reformist principles; and that there is an exemplary symbiosis between jurist and writer.

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Secondary Material B615 Granés, Salvador M. [pseud.: Moscatel], ‘Clarín’, in his Calabazas y cabezas (Madrid: M. Romero, 1880), p.153. A satiric poem.

B616 Gross-Castilla, Amanda, ‘Lo que La Regenta debe a Émile Zola’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.505–15. Attempts to show that Chapters VI and VII of LR are a ‘calco y ampliación’ of La Conquête de Plassans.

B617 Grossi Fernández, Rodrigo, ‘Clarín concejal … y algunos hechos de la ciudad de Oviedo’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.141–54. Summarized as ‘Reseña de una comunicación sobre “Clarín”’, in Vetusta (O), No.7 (Dec. 1984), 3–4. Interesting details on LA’s service as a concejal in local government, from 1887 to 1891: his generosity, fractiousness, absenteeism, stance on the Church and separation of powers, and interventions in the town council.

B618 ——, ‘I Centenario de La Regenta. Genaro Alas: el centenario de un alcalde que firmó dos actas’, Vetusta (O), No.0 (Apr. 1984), 21. Details on the six months LA’s father served as mayor of Oviedo in 1883–84.

B619 ——, ‘Puntualizaciones a una comunicación’, BIDEA (O), 41, No.124 (1987), 985–89. Remarks on the use of bable expressions in ‘La guitarra’; and points out differences between the ms. of ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ and the printed version. See also 1:B1418.

B620 *Guedez, S., ‘Les procédés narratifs dans La Regenta de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, Mémoire de maîtrise d’espagnol, Univ. de Rennes-2, 1989.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B621 Guereña, Juan-Luis, ‘“Clarín” en la “Extensión Universitaria” ovetense (1898–1901)’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.155–76. Interesting details taken directly from local and other contemporary accounts of LA’s pedagogical role in the Extensión Universitaria, the kind of talks he gave, and his approach to a mixed audience of señoritos, women, students, and workers. LA’s preoccupation with education for the working classes also reflected general, wide-spread interest in the subject.

B622 Guerra, Alfonso, ‘Las miserias del mundo’, Papeles Cine (Casa Municipal de Cultura, Avilés), 4, No.19–C (June 1984), 77. Personal comments on the effect of reading LR.

B623 Gügel Jiménez, Concepción, & Sofía Alonso Menéndez, ‘Actividades sobre textos de La Regenta’, in III Simposio de Lengua y Literatura Española para Profesores de Bachillerato (Oviedo, 22–24 Apr. 1982) (Oviedo: Gráficas Baraza, 1983), pp.154–65. Mostly descriptive criticism on the temporal structure, social classes and milieux, and techniques of characterization in LR.

B624 Guillén, Claudio, ‘Apuntes para un estudio de la diégesis en La Regenta’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.265–91. Although at times long-winded, this essay has suggestive insights into ‘el discurso de las cosas’, the way objects and characters interact within a narrative framework of tension and movement.

B625 *Guisasola y Menéndez, Victoriano, ‘Concepto de la pena. Ensayo sobre las doctrinas de los señores Dn. Tomás Fernández Tuero y Dn. Leopoldo Alas’, El Noticiero de Asturias (O) (Oct. 1875). Cited in 1:B398, p.126. G. y M. discusses the theories of Tuero and Alas on legal punishment, apparently expounded during university lectures.

B626 Gullón, Agnes Moncy, ‘Tratamiento y punto de vista en el capítulo XI de La Regenta’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La 172

Secondary Material Regenta’ (see B664), pp.76–80. Rpt. as ‘Naming in Chapter XI of La Regenta’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.155–66. The variants used in naming Fermín de Pas serve not only to characterize but to present divergent points of view.

B627 Gullón, Germán, ‘Alas, Leopoldo’, in Columbia Dictionary of Modern European Literature, 2nd ed. rev. and enlarged, ed. Jean-Albert Bédé & William B. Edgerton (New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1980), pp.11–12. A good overview of LA’s work.

B628 ——, ‘Alas, Leopoldo’, in Diccionario de literatura española e hispanoamericana, I, ed. Ricardo Gullón (Madrid: Alianza, 1993), pp.22–25. An intelligent, concise introduction to the works of Clarín.

B629 ——, ‘“Clarín”, novelista moderno: focalización y narración en La Regenta’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.50–53. Uses to good effect the examples of style indirect libre (as in italicized clichés), oxymoronic juxtapositions, and the distinction between narrator and focalizer, in order to show the clouded ironies of an opaque, ‘realist’ text.

B630 ——, ‘Crítica de la crítica sobre Galdós’, in A Sesquicentennial Tribute to Galdós 1843–1993, ed. Linda M. Willem (Newark DE: Juan de la Cuesta, 1993), pp.314– 33. Pp.319–26, 332: differences in sensibility and ideology create a critical poetics of identity, or metaphoric mode, in Menéndez y Pelayo’s criticism of Galdós, and a poetics of complexity, or metonymic mode, in Clarín’s writings on the Canaries-born novelist.

B631 ——, La novela como acto imaginativo (1:B560). Reviews: 1. Ferraz Martínez, Antonio. RL, 46, No.92 (1984), 220–23. 2. Franz, Thomas R. HR, 53 (1985), 106–8. 3. Goldman, Peter B. BHS (Liverpool), 63 (1986), 93.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B632 ——, La novela moderna en España (1885–1902). Los albores de la modernidad (Madrid: Taurus, 1992), pp.52– 57, 77–90, et passim. On parallels between the literary theories of LA and Henry James; and on the formal characteristics of LR, especially the use of focalization as a sign of modernity.

B633 ——, ‘Visión y lectura en La Regenta’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.8–14. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.323–35; and as ‘Una educación para el lector: La Regenta (1885)’, in his La novela del XIX: estudio sobre su evolución formal (Amsterdam/Atlanta: Editions Rodopi, 1990), pp.65–79. Focuses first on the act of seeing in LR and how what is seen is devalued; and then on how both we and the characters read and are read by others, suggesting that we are guided by two types of interrelated reading, one which is ‘deep’ and one which is ‘superficial’, a notion taken from C.S. Lewis. A provocative article which suffers from a lack of cohesion between the two terms stated in the title.

B634 Gullón, Ricardo, ‘Leopoldo Alas’, ABC (M) (15.12.1984), i. Rpt. in Spain. Boletín Cultural, No.39 (Jan. 1985), 33. Reviews some of the criticism on LR and argues for closer textual readings. Also discusses ‘la simbiosis espacio-personajes’.

B635 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas y su lector’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.313–28. LA sets up an implied reader who is supplied information the characters do not have and who then must reconstruct events and facts within the narrative of LR.

B636 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in La Regenta (see Ac2), pp.i–xlvi. An incisive narratological analysis of the structures and character of LR; notes the Bakhtinian polyphony of voices in characterization, the theatricalization of structure, the use of retrospection, anticipation and inversion in a fragmented narrative of great modernity.

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Secondary Material B637 Gumbrecht, Hans Ulrich, ‘Eine’ Geschichte der spanischen Literatur, I (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1990), pp.746– 55. LR problematizes modernity, the notion of individuality, and the deceptive illusion of everyday life through the use of multiple perspective, intertextuality and the unsettling of national typologies (notably, Don Quijote and Don Juan).

B638 ——, ‘Lebenswelt als Fiktion/Sprachspiele als Antifiktion. Uber Funktionen des realistischen Romans in Frankreich und Spanien’, in Funktionen des fiktiven, ed. Dieter Henrich & Wolfgang Iser (Munich: Wilhelm Fink Verlag, 1983), pp.239–75. A discourse analysis of the complex play between truth and fiction in LR (pp.251–75).

B639 Gutiérrez, Luis, ‘Medalla centenario de La Regenta’, Vetusta (O), No.7 (Dec. 1984), 5. Description of the homage medal (Aj50).

B640 Gutiérrez Abascal, José [pseud.: Kasabal], ‘Madrid’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 9, No.449 (8.8.1891), 498–99. A favourable rev. of SUH: ‘un estudio concienzudo y profundo de una parte de la clase media de provincias’.

B641 ——, ‘Madrid’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 9, No.461 (31.10.1891), 690–91. On Solos de Clarín.

B642 ——, ‘Madrid’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 9, No.463 (14.11.1891), 722–23. Favourable lines on SUH.

B643 ——, ‘Madrid’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 13, No.672 (16.11.1895), 722–23. A eulogy of Cardinal Benito Sanz y Forés, the model for Fortunato Camoirán in LR, he says.

175

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Gutiérrez Díaz-Bernardo, Esteban: See E.G. B644 Gutiérrez Nájera, Manuel, ‘La cuestión de los “Platos”’, in his Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera. Escritos inéditos de sabor satírico. ‘Plato del día’, ed. Boyd G. Carter & Mary Eileen Carter (Columbia: Univ. of Missouri Press, 1972), pp.146–47. Dated 16 May 1894, orig. publ. in El Universal (Mexico), under the pseud. ‘Recamier’. G.N. uses LA’s ‘Palique del palique’ to defend his own satiric writings.

B645 ——, ‘El último folleto de Clarín’, in his Obras. Prosa, III (Mexico: Tip. de la Oficina Impresora del Timbre, Palacio Nacional, 1903), pp.211–14. Disagrees with LA’s harsh view of Pardo Bazán (in Museum).

B646 Haliczer, Stephen, Sexuality in the Confessional: A Sacrament Profaned (New York/Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1996), pp.200–3. Sees in LR ‘the finest and most sensitive treatment of solicitation’; and ‘an ironic meditation on the sacrament of penance and the role of the confessor’.

B647 Hall, H.B., ‘The Working Man in Late Nineteenth-Century Drama’, BHS (Liverpool), 28 (1951), 173–85. Suggests Eugenio Sellés’s play, Los Domadores (1896), was more successful than LA’s treatment of the working class in Teresa because his approach was more conventional, i.e., accessible to the general public (pp.178–80).

B648 Hambrook, Glyn, ‘Baudelaire y España’, Estudios de Investigación Franco-Española (Univ. de Córdoba), No.7 (1992), 71–75. Half the article is on the significance of LA’s 1887 essay on Baudelaire.

B649 Haro Tecglen, Eduardo, ‘La era del sapo’, El País (M) (21.1.1995), 45. Draws parallels between the present-day era and LA’s; favourable remarks on the TV series, ‘LR’.

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Secondary Material B650 Hart, Stephen, ‘“Literature in Literature”: The Case of Alas’s La Regenta’, Vida Hispánica (Sutton-on-Derwent), 36, No.3 (1987), 44–45. A note on the misinterpretation of literature as an influence on readers in LR; and on LA’s own ‘misreading’ of Flaubert in a case of Bloomian ‘anxiety of influence’.

B651 ——, ‘Víctor versus Álvaro in Alas’s La Regenta: An Analysis of a Scene in Volume II, Chapter XVI’, AUMLA (Melbourne), 68 (Nov. 1987), 285–91. The influence of literary models on LA’s characters, seen as an ironic device, does not extend, however, to author Clarín’s personal admission of literary influence.

B652 Henn, David, ‘Valera, Pardo Bazán, Clarín y el Centenario de 1892’, Actas del Primer Congreso Anglo-Hispano (Monasterio de La Rábida/Huelva, 1992) (Madrid: Castalia, 1993), pp.93–102. On LA’s defence of Columbus and his attacks against several participants of centenary events (including Pardo Bazán).

B653 *Heras, Dionisio de las [pseud.: Plácido], ‘Avisos de Otro’, Juan Rana (M) (15.2.1898). B654 Heras, Fernando de las, ‘Don Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, La Vanguardia (B), 15, No.4352 (12.6.1895). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.232–41. Ranks LA as a first-rate stylist, especially in LR.

B655 Hernández, Librada, ‘Clarín, Galdós y Pardo Bazán frente al teatro de José Echegaray’, ALE (Alicante), No.8 (1992), 95–108. Discusses the views of LA, Galdós, and Pardo Bazán on Echegaray’s drama as an attempt at liberal theatrical reform.

B656 Heydl-Cortínez, Cecilia, ‘Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”: en busca de la armonía. Teoría y práctica en su narrativa

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) breve’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1990. 255 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 51, No.5 (1990), 1631–32A. An application of LA’s evolving idearium in six narrations: ‘La mosca sabia’ as an example of lo tendencioso; ‘Zurita’ as Krausist-inspired; ‘Pipá’ as a naturalist text; ‘Doña Berta’ as a novela poética; ‘El Señor’ as an example of LA’s spirituality; and ‘El dúo de la tos’ as an illustration of the psychological text.

B657 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas (Clarín): su religiosidad natural en “El Señor”’, Confluencia, 6, No.2 (1991), 143–48. On LA’s spiritual impulses.

B658 ——, ‘El otro Clarín: “Ars Poetica” de Leopoldo Alas’, ExTL, 23, No.1 (1994–95), 75–84. Draws parallels between the aesthetic ideals of the painter Valencia in ‘Doña Berta’ and those of LA himself.

B659 Hierro, José Luis del, ‘Aproximación al pensamiento filosófico-jurídico de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, Revista de Ciencias de la Información (M), No.4 (1987), 389–404. Rptd. in Espéculo (Univ. Complutense de Madrid), Año 3, No.7 (Nov. 1997–Feb. 1998), 14 pp. Available at: http://www.ucm.es/info/especulo/numero7/jlhierro.htm. Suggests that while unoriginal in his philosophy of law, LA eloquently synthesizes Giner, Krause, and von Jhering.

B660 Higgin, L., ‘Spanish Novelists of To-day’, Fortnightly Review, 96 (1911), 287–98. A favourable rev. of LR (pp.297–98).

B661 Hindson, Jean [Marie Pederson], ‘La crítica novelística de Clarín como intertexto de La Regenta: un diálogo entre el espíritu y la materia’, RLAn, 1 (1989 [1990]), 468–73. The matter-spirit dichotomy in LR often dissolves, and both elements become gendered concepts.

B662 ——, ‘Intertextualidad en La Regenta de Clarín: Ana Ozores y la heroína de la literatura popular’, Discurso, 12, No.1 (Mar. 1995), 67–78.

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Secondary Material Contrasts the stereotypical character of ‘la Mujer Virtuosa’ in popular fiction and the complex personality of Ana Ozores. She concludes, without demonstrating her point textually and without referring to Charnon-Deutsch’s work (see B288), that this intertextual insertion of female difference tells us more about a masculine sexual identity crisis than about women or women characters.

B663 ——, ‘La Regenta de Clarín: autorío masculino y lectura femenina’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Iowa, 1987. 232 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 49, No.4 (1988), 834–35A. A woman reading LR interprets the novel simultaneously in two conflicting ways, according to this diss.: as a sympathetic treatment of an unloved, defenceless woman and as an objectification of the same character, Ana Ozores. The technique of focalization underlines this dual reception of the text.

B664 Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’, Los Cuadernos del Norte (O), No.4 (1987). 146 pp. Contains selected proceedings from the 1985 Symposium (Univ. of Georgia, Athens), three presentations of a special MLA session (Washington DC, 1984), and a miscellany of clariniana. See: B194, 240, 379, 393, 582, 626, 629, 633, 727, 897, 909, 913, 1120, 1121, 1152, 1189, 1221, 1245, 1277, 1355, and 1464.

B665 Hope [pseud.], ‘Excursiones literarias’, Acracia (B), 1, No.8 (Aug. 1886), 78–82. Refers to LA’s concept and example of realism as his point of departure.

B666 *Horatius [pseud.], ‘La Littérature contemporaine en Espagne, I, Nueva campaña’, Revue du Monde Latin (Montpellier), 13 (Sept.–Dec. 1887), 888–97. B667 Hormigón, Juan Antonio, ‘Cartas a Clarín’, in his ValleInclán. Cronología. Escritos dispersos. Epistolario (Madrid: Fundación Banco Exterior, 1987), pp.27, 29–31, 470–74. Rpts, with commentary, Valle-Inclán’s three letters, dated 9.5.1895, 29.9.1897, and 18.10.1897, which appeared in Gamallo Fierros (1:B440). See also Ah91–92.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B668 Howells, W[illiam] D[ean], ‘Doña Perfecta, A Great Novel’, Harper’s Bazaar, 28, No.44 (2.11.1895), 886. Rpt. in his Criticism and Fiction and Other Essays, ed. Clara Marburg Kirk & Rudolf Kirk (New York: New York Univ. Press, 1959), pp.133–38. Howells not only cited but relied on LA’s judgements of Galdós in his rev.

Huerta Calvo, Javier: See Aullón de Haro, Pedro. B669 Huguet, Jesús, ‘Pròleg’, in Contes (see Ai34), pp.7–10. On LA as an outsider to centrist culture (Madrid), his broad critique of society, and his reformist spirit.

B670 Hurtado de Mendoza, Ambrosio [pseud.: Julio Jurenito], ‘En el 88 aniversario de la muerte de “Clarín”’, El Día (Santa Cruz de Tenerife) (18.6.1989). An odd, error-laden, rhetorical piece reviewing works and editions of LA.

B671 Hutton, Lewis J., The Christian Essence of Spanish Literature: An Historical Study (Lewiston NY/Queenston, Ontario: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1988), pp.396–404. A poorly written and simplistic analysis of LR as a work in which characters are said to elevate ‘purely human values … to divine status’.

B672 Icaza, Francisco A. de, ‘La crítica española en la actualidad’, in his Páginas escogidas (Mexico: UNAM, 1958), pp.181–97. Rpts 1:B603. On LA (pp.185–87).

I.DEN [pseud.]: See Balbín de Unquera, A. B673 Iglesia, Rosario de la, ‘Prólogo’, in ¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos (see Ad8), pp.7–24. Basically the same as her prologue for El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos (B674).

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Secondary Material B674 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos (see Ad51), pp.7–24. On LA’s life and works, with emphasis on his short stories.

B675 Iranzo, Carmen, ‘La Regenta’: cultura e idiosincracias de Clarín (Valencia/Chapel Hill: Albatrós Ediciones/ Hispanófila, 1984). 64 pp. An unenlightening attack on LA’s supposed grammatical and cultural lapses in LR.

B676 ——, ‘Tres prólogos a La Regenta’, Cuadernos de Bibliofilia (Valencia), No.10 (Jan. 1983), 3–12. Comments on the prologues by Galdós, Martínez Cachero, and Sobejano; also on film and television productions of LR (1974 and 1978).

——: See also Goytisolo, Juan (B604). B677 Irastorza, Marilar, ‘Leopoldo Alas, un heterodoxo convencido’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (11.8.1984), 21. A summary of a paper given by Luis García San Miguel on LA’s political and philosophical positions, ‘En el centenario de LR: el mundo de Clarín’ (Univ. Internacional Menéndez Pelayo de Santander).

B678 Izquierdo Rojo, José María, ‘Historia clínica de Leopoldo Alas’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.177–93. I.R. gives an analysis of LA’s nervous and digestive problems. He speculates that LA’s intestinal tuberculosis may have been contracted through his wife Onofre, who suffered from tuberculosis of the bone.

B679 *J.B. y J., ‘Crónica literaria’, La Dinastía (B) (22.6.1895). B680 J.C., ‘Yo y el plagiario Clarín’, *La Monarquía (M) (4.6.1888). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.381–84. Sides with Bonafoux in the quarrel over presumed plagiarism in LR.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B681 J.L.F., ‘Reposición de la placa a “Clarín” en la Facultad de Derecho’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (1.12.1984), 18. On the indebtedness of the Univ. de Oviedo to LA and his contribution to university life and thought.

J.R.B.: See Rodríguez Blanco, Julio. B682 J.R.T., ‘Clarín no denuncia los defectos de Oviedo, sino el vicio de la falsedad’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (15.3.1995), 12. An interview with the eminent clarinista, J.M. Martínez Cachero, who talks about LR, the new TV series based on the novel, and LA’s reputation today.

B683 Jackson, Robert M., ‘The Gardens in Nineteenth-Century Spanish Fiction: La de Bringas’, in From Dante to García Márquez: Studies in Romance Literature and Linguistics. Presented to Anson Conant Piper, ed. Gene H. BellVillada, Antonio Giménez, & George Pistorius (Williamstown MA: Williams College, 1987), pp.182–90. Pp.183–84: discusses and critiques J. Labanyi’s interpretation of the garden in LR (see B697).

B684 Jammes, Robert, ‘La Conquête de Plassans de Émile Zola, hipotexto de La Regenta’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España (see B745), pp.385–99. Differences between the two texts express a kind of dialogue between LA and Zola.

——: See also Ai16. B685 *Jiménez García, Antonio, El krausopositivismo de Urbano González Serrano (Badajoz: Diputación Provincial, 1996). B686 Jofre, Montserrat, & Neus Samblancat, ‘La soledad sonora en “El dúo de la tos”’, Los Cuadernos del Norte (O), 8, No.40 (Dec. 1986–Feb. 1987), 95–96. On the binary oppositions structuring the story (light/darkness, music/silence, solitude/company).

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Secondary Material B687 Johnson, Roberta, Crossfire: Philosophy and the Novel in Spain, 1900–1934 (Lexington: Univ. Press of Kentucky, 1993), pp.4–5, 22–32, 74–85, et passim. R.J. perceives an ambivalent attitude in the young Azorín towards maestro Clarín, arguing that La voluntad undermines the notion of authority, philosophical and literary, as incarnated in its mentor figure (Yuste as a composite of Clarín and Pi y Margall). Also examines the LA-Unamuno relationship. Despite her sharply incisive commentary, R.J.’s analysis reinscribes, to some extent, the reductive bias of ’98ers against older writers like Clarín and Galdós.

B688 ——, ‘Las guerras personales de la generación de ’98’, in Divergencias y unidad: perspectivas sobre la Generación del ’98 y Antonio Machado, ed. John P. Gabriele (Madrid: Orígenes, 1990), pp.39–48. A significant part of this article deals with the attempts of Unamuno and Martínez Ruiz to curry favour with LA in the 1890s.

B689 Jongh [-Rossel], Elena [M.] de, ‘Cara y cruz de la ética krausista en La Regenta’, España Contemporánea, 3, No.1 (1990), 33–48. Analyses the Krausist-informed perspective of the narrator with respect to Fermín de Pas and Camoirán as the negative and positive sides to Krausist ethics.

B690 ——, El krausismo y la generación de 1898 (Valencia/ Chapel Hill: Albatrós Ediciones/Hispanófila, 1985), pp.37– 52, 94–95, 107–12. Detects the presence of a Krausist ethical-aesthetic response in LA’s novels; and notes the same influence in LA’s son, Leopoldo Alas Argüelles.

B691 *Jorda, J.M., ‘Teresa, impresiones del estreno’, La Publicidad (B) (20.6.1895). Joya Torres, J[uan] M[anuel]: See Pérez-Rasilla Bayo, E[duardo].

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Jurenito, Julio [pseud.]: See Hurtado de Mendoza, Ambrosio. Kasabal [pseud.]: See Gutiérrez Abascal, José. B692 Kirkpatrick, Susan, ‘Gender and Difference in Fin de siglo Literary Discourse’, in Spain Today: Essays on Literature, Culture, Society, ed. José Colmeiro, Christina Dupláa, Patricia Greene, & Juana Sabadell (Hanover NH: Dartmouth College, Dept. of Spanish & Portuguese, 1995), pp.95–102. Clarín as a major example of how the confusion of gender at the turn of the century is linked to a crisis in social and cultural organization and meaning, particularly in the association made between feminization and degeneration (whether individual, cultural or national).

B693 Kronik, John W., ‘El beso del sapo: configuraciones grotescas en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.517–24. Gives some suggestive examples of the grotesque in LR as illustrative of the constant series of tensions, incompatibilities, and other forms of disorder which make the novel a modern reading experience; but he sometimes calls grotesque what is simply ironic, as for example, the first sentence of the novel. The rhetorical instruments of the grotesque are sometimes confused with the grotesque effect itself.

B694 ——, ‘La danza de las basuras: la poética de la descripción y el arte realista’, Ínsula, No.502 (Oct. 1988), 1–2. The realist art of Galdós and Clarín as pure representation, not a reproduction of reality.

B695 ——, ‘La retórica del realismo: Galdós y Clarín’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España (see B745), pp.47–57. On the dual character of language as textual and referential in the realist novel of both writers.

B696 L.M.A., ‘Oviedo, ciudad cultural, dedica su nuevo número a La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (26.10.1990), 66. Comments on this special issue and on the film project of director Fernando Méndez-Leite to bring LR to Spanish television. See B1007.

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Secondary Material B697 Labanyi, Jo, ‘City, Country and Adultery in La Regenta’, BHS (Liverpool), 63 (1986), 53–66. Uses Tony Tanner’s view of adultery as the breakdown between the natural (country) and the social (city), in order to analyse patterns and images of dissolution in LR in similar, if at times somewhat forced, fashion. Bibliographical references not up to date. See also B683.

B698 ——, ‘Mysticism and Hysteria in La Regenta: The Problem of Female Identity’, in Feminist Readings on Spanish and Latin-American Literature, ed. L.P. Condé & S.M. Hart (Lewiston NY: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1991), pp.37–46. Using Irigaray, Juliet Mitchell and others, J.L. argues that Ana’s ‘loss of self is her self’, in that ‘the psycho-somatic merging in Ana of hysteria (biology) and mysticism (derived from her reading of religious literature) shows her to be an inextricable mixture of nature and culture’. Notes, too, that LA narrativizes some of Ana’s blurred, shifting sense of self in the temporal disjointedness of much of Part II.

B699 Lafarge, Michel, ‘Genèse d’une traduction’, Courrier-Sud, No.76 (6.11.1987), 17. Comments on the collectively translated French version of LR.

B700 ——, ‘Questions à Yvan Lissorgues et Robert Jammes’, Courrier-Sud, No.76 (6.11.1987), 17. Two members of the translating team for the French version of LR comment on their work.

B701 ——, ‘Le Réalisme espagnol à l’Université du Mirail’, Courrier-Sud, No.76 (6.11.1987), 17. On the French translation of LR and the Nov. 1987 Toulouse Symposium on Spanish realism and naturalism.

B702 Landeira, Ricardo, ‘“Pipá”: maniqueísmo, ironía y tragedia en un relato de Leopoldo Alas’ (1:B671). Rpt., abridged, in Studies in Honor of Sumner M. Greenfield, ed. H.L. Boudreau & Luis T. González-del-Valle (Lincoln NE: Society of Spanish and Spanish-American Studies, 1985), pp.129–44.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B703 Landelius, Peter, ‘“Clarín” och La Regenta’, in Presidentskan (see Ai33), pp.5–8. Lapesa, Rafael: See Custodio, Álvaro. B704 Lara y Pedrajas, Antonio [pseud.: Orlando], ‘Revista literaria. La Regenta, por D. Leopoldo Alas’ (1:B642). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.169–91. B705 Larsen, Kevin S., ‘Another Guest at Dinner: La Regenta and the Symposium’, RHM, 45 (1992), 169–80. Discusses how the banquet scene in Ch. XX enters into an intertextual, philosophical-literary dialogue with the Symposium; and draws parallels between Clarín’s characters and Plato’s, reaching the conclusion that Don Pompeyo, like Socrates, is ‘the greatest lover of them all’, ignoring that LA’s scene is above all a parody.

B706 ——, ‘Hunger, Heat, and Humiliation: Aspects of the Alimentary Thermodynamics of La Regenta’, HisJ, 15, No.1 (1994), 73–88. Discusses the presence of the nineteenth-century metaphor of the body as a living heat engine and the drive toward entropy in LR.

B707 ——, ‘On the Paternity of Clarín’s “Second Novel” Su único hijo and Goethe’s Die Wahlverwandtschaften’, GRM, 40 (1990), 408–21. Notes similarity of scenes of ‘adulterio mental’ in SUH and Die Wahlverwandtschaften; other points of contact include the notion of elective affinities, the theme of renunciation, the preoccupation with a child’s resemblance to parents, and character parallels.

B708 Laso Prieto, José María, ‘Argumentos, dedicado a La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (8.6.1984), 19. Rev. of Argumentos issue on LR (see 1:B64).

B709 ——, ‘La religión en La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (6.7.1984), 23. A synthesis of 1:B643.

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Secondary Material B710 Lázaro, Fernando, Curso de lengua española (Madrid: Anaya, 1979), pp.248–51. Uses a passage from LR to explain le style indirect libre.

B711 Leguen, Brigitte, ‘Figuras femeninas en la novela española y francesa del siglo XIX; objetos y sujetos’, in La mujer: elogio y vituperio. Actas del IX Simposio de la Sociedad Española de Literatura General y Comparada, I (Zaragoza, 18–21 Nov. 1992), ed. Túa Blesa, María Teresa Cacho, et al (Zaragoza: Univ./Banco Zaragozano, 1994), pp.225–33. Ana Ozores in LR as an example of how the feminine body is ever present while remaining socially non-existent.

B712 Lemartinel, Jean, ‘Leopoldo Alas lexicologue’, in Hommage à Bernard Pottier, II, ed. Jean-Louis Benezech, Patrick Charaudean, et al. (Paris: Klincksieck, 1988), pp.477–81. Using linguistic examples from Palique, J.L. comments on LA’s penchant for criticising his peers’ verbal foibles (neologisms, pretentious language, excessive use of foreign words, and so on).

B713 *León, Judith, ‘Clarín y Su único hijo: un momento en la evolución de la novelística del siglo XIX’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Chicago, 1989 (?). León González, Susana: See Alonso Menéndez, Soledad. B714 Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”: “La Regenta”, Collection Cotextes, 18, coord. Simone Saillard (Montpellier: C.E.R.S./ Univ. Paul Valéry-Montpellier III, 1989). 133 pp. See: B205, 410, 737, 1234, and 1382.

B715 Lepape, Pierre, ‘Un immense roman de la vie intérieure’, Le Monde (Paris) (11.9.1987), 13, 19. Rpt. in Le Monde (Éd. Internationale) (10–16.9.1987), 14. P.L. touches on the initial reception of LR, Flaubert-LA parallels and differences, and LR as a ‘European novel’.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B716 Letras de Deusto (No. Extraordinario sobre ‘Clarín’. Centenario de La Regenta), 15, No.32 (May–Aug. 1985). 218 pp. ‘Presentación’, by Ignacio Elizalde (pp.3–4). See: B157, 201, 389, 391, 504, 746, 810, 846, 1192, 1206, and 1522. Review: 1. Iranzo, Carmen. Hispano, 29, No.87 (May 1986), 73–76.

B717 Levy, Constance A[ndrea], ‘Nineteenth-Century European Novels of Introversion’, unpubl. diss., New York Univ., 1981. 280 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 42, No.2 (1981), 695A. In novels like SUH the introverted character, withdrawn and innerdirected (Bonifacio Reyes), is not a case of mental disorder but simply a personality type.

B718 Lezcano, Arturo, ‘No su único hijo’, La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (13.6.1985), n. pag. SUH as a novel equally worthy of our attention as LR.

B719 Lezo, Luis de, ‘Perfiles’, La Unión (M) (7.10.1884), [1]. Defends Apolo en Pafos.

B720 ——, ‘Perfiles. Al Sr. Andrés Corzuelo’, La Unión (M) (27.9.1887), [2]. Defends the quality of novel-writing in Spain, referring to LR as an example.

B721 Lid, ‘Una traducción de La Regenta al francés pone de moda a Clarín en París’, La Nueva España (O) (27.9.1987), 8. Extracts comments from various French newspapers on La Régente.

B722 Link-Heer, Ursula, ‘Leopoldo Alas (“Clarín”). La Regenta’, in Der spanische Roman vom Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart, ed. Volker Roloff & Harald WentzlaffEggebert (Düsseldorf: Schwann Bagel, 1986), pp.247–69. Clarín as an ‘intertextualist avant la lettre’, whose intertextual allusions reinforce the process of mimesis. Review: 1. Sobejano, Gonzalo. Saber Leer, No.15 (May 1988), 6–7.

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Secondary Material B723 ——, ‘Pastiche und Realismus bei Clarín’, in Peripherie und Dialogizität, Untersuchungen zum realistischnaturalistischen Roman in Spanien, ed. Wolfgang Matzat (Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag, 1995), pp.157–81. Shows how Ana Ozores’s letters to Fermín de Pas and to Dr. Benítez are deliberate pastiches written in the manner of Santa Teresa and nineteenth-century medical-psychiatric discourse; and suggests that realism and self-referentiality are indissolubly tied together in the figure and role of the mystic hysteric.

B724 Lissorgues, Yvan, ‘“Corriente” – relato satírico inacabado de Clarín’, RHM, 42 (1989), 31–43. Story orig. in La Opinión (M), Nos 165, 168 and 179 (13,18,19.10.1886) (pp.34–43). Notes influence of Larra on LA’s satirical bent, in pieces hard to define generically, which Y.L. calls ‘periodismo literario’. See also Ad45 and Ah13.

B725 ——, ‘Enseñanza y educación’, in Clarín político, II (see Ab5), pp.45–104. Rpt of 1:B657. B726 ——, ‘Estudio preliminar. Las narraciones breves de Leopoldo Alas’, in Narraciones breves (see Ad45), pp.7– 42. Y.L. divides LA’s stories into cuentos de carácter satírico and cuentos ‘morales’.

B727 ——, ‘Ética, religión y sentido de lo humano en La Regenta’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.20–31. How the moral vision found in LR reveals the presence of an ‘implied author’, a notion distinct from Wayne Booth’s structuring principle of fiction.

B728 ——, ‘Ética y estética en Su único hijo de Leopoldo Alas (“Clarín”)’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.181–210. In joining the moralist to the creative writer in the creation of SUH, Y.L. reads the novel as a source book of ideas.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B729 ——, ‘La expresión del erotismo en la novela “naturalista” española del siglo XIX: eufemismo y tremendismo’, RHM, 50 (1997), 37–47. LR is discussed as a high point in Spanish naturalism in its erotic suggestiveness, revealing a new artistic language to describe the body and the fearful mysteries of desire.

B730 ——, ‘Heterodoxia y religiosidad: Clarín, Unamuno y Machado’, CHA, Nos 440–41 (Feb.–Mar. 1987), 237–50. Concludes that for all three writers doubt is the one true path toward religious belief. Thus, their spiritual search is only heterodox in the narrowest of senses.

B731 ——, ‘El intelectual “Clarín” frente al movimiento obrero (1890–1901)’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.55–69. What Clarín thought about socialism (sympathetic), marxism (unsympathetic) and other ideological currents (anarchism – hated it), and how he acted consequent to his own ethics and belief in social harmony and justice.

B732 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Clarín político, I (see Ab5), pp.17– 107. Rpt of 1:B660. B733 ——, ‘Introduction’, in La Régente (see Ai16), pp.7–29. Agrees with Gonzalo Sobejano’s interpretation of Ana Ozores as the romantic, pure soul (see 1:B1162–63).

B734 ——, ‘Introduction’, in Le Coq de Socrate et autres contes (see Ai18), pp.9–34. Emphasizes LA’s poetic intuition and desire for transcendence and mystery in his stories.

B735 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas, Clarín, frente a la crisis del fin de siglo’, in El camino hacia el 98 (Los escritores de la Restauración y la crisis del fin de siglo), ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar (Madrid: Fundación Duques de Soria/Visor, 1998), pp.155–205.

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Secondary Material Reviews LA’s stance on the need for political, social, educational and cultural reform (regeneracionismo) of late nineteenth-century Spain. See also Ag5; Ah77, 94, and 112.

B736 ——, ‘Literatura y sociedad’, in Clarín político, II (see Ab5), pp.133–89. Rpt of 1:B661. B737 ——, ‘Le Narrateur dans La Regenta – Notes’, in Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”: “La Regenta” (see B714), pp.43–56. The narrator in LR demonstrates: the will toward impersonality; omnipresence; multiple points of view; an ironic stance; the use of caricature and the grotesque; the use of judgements; and the use of focalization and a ‘narrateur intérieur’.

B738 ——, ‘Naturalismo y novela’, Ínsula, No.514 (Oct. 1989), 1–2. Discusses the density of cultural references as an entrance into the ‘sense of the real’ in LR.

B739 ——, El pensamiento filosófico y religioso de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín” (1875–1901), Colección Anaquel Cultural Asturiano, 34 (Oviedo: Grupo Editorial Asturiano, 1996). 341 pp. Trans. Raquel Díaz Orviz & José Luis Campal. ‘Presentación’, by Laureano Bonet (pp.7–11). Spanish trans. of 1:B662. See also B191. B740 ——, La Pensée philosophique et religieuse de Leopoldo Alas (1:B662). Reviews: 1. Goldman, Peter B. HR, 54 (1986), 348–50. 2. Richmond, Carolyn. AGald, 23 (1988), 155–58.

B741 ——, ‘Periodismo y cultura’, in Clarín político, II (see Ab5), pp.13–27. Rpt of 1:B663. B742 ——, ‘Le prêtre et la femme. Le cas du Magistral de La Regenta, Don Fermín de Pas’, in Hommage à Robert Jammes, II, ed. Francis Cerdan, Anejos de Criticón, 1 (Toulouse-Le Mirail: Presses Universitaires du Mirail, 1994), pp.693–705.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Discusses the characterization of Fermín de Pas in the light of Michelet’s Le Prêtre, la femme et la famille (1845), in particular, points of contact between the relationship of de Pas-Ana Ozores and that of St François de Sales and Ste Jeanne-Françoise Frémiot, baronne de Chantal.

B743 ——, ‘La producción periodística de Leopoldo Alas (Clarín). Índices’, Univ. de Toulouse-Le Mirail, n. d. [1981]. 216 pp. Contents: 1. Advertencias preliminares; 2. Índice analítico cronológico; 3. Índice temático; 4. Índice de los artículos publicados en Clarín político, I and II. Covers some forty periodical publications from Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, and Asturias. See 1:B664.

B744 ——, ‘Realismo literario y naturalismo español’; and ‘Naturalismo frente a espiritualismo’, in Romanticismo y realismo. Primer suplemento, ed. Iris M. Zavala (Barcelona: Crítica, 1994), pp.270–71, 356–60. Extracts from 1:Ab31. B745 ——, ed., Realismo y naturalismo en España en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX (Barcelona: Anthropos, 1988). Actas del Congreso Internacional (Toulouse-Le Mirail, 3–5 Nov. 1987). Contains ten articles of interest to clarinistas. See: B120, 684, 695, 971, 1119, 1157, 1183, 1237, 1346, 1466, 1534, et passim. B746 ——, ‘Unamuno y “Clarín”: ¿una amistad frustrada?’, LdD, 15, No.32 (May–Aug. 1985), 87–101. Perceptive comments on LA’s mixed feelings about Unamuno’s ideas and talent. Also rpts the unknown article by LA, ‘Como gustéis’, from El Pueblo (Valencia) (9.7.1900). See Ah68.

B747 Llana [pseud.] [Félix González Llana?], ‘En honor de “Clarín”’, El Liberal (Sevilla) (20.6.1901), [2]. On a homage planned by the Univ. of Oviedo.

B748 ——, ‘La muerte de Leopoldo Alas’, El Liberal (Sevilla) (16.6.1901), [1].

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Secondary Material On LA’s burial.

B749 Llanas Aguilaniedo, José María, Alma contemporánea. Estudio de estética (Huesca: Tipografía de Leandro Pérez, 1899), pp.94–95, 182–83. 2nd ed., ed. Justo Broto Salanova (Huesca: Instituto de Estudios Altoaragoneses, 1991), pp.70, 134–35. Praise for LR. See also B215.

B750 Llardent, José Antonio, ‘Nota preliminar del traductor’, in Antero de Quental: poesías y prosas selectas (Madrid: Alfaguara, 1987), pp.201–27. On LA as the first Spanish promoter and translator of some of A. de Q.’s sonnets (pp.214–16, 220).

B751 Llosellas, Ramón, ‘Teresa (Antes del estreno)’, La Vanguardia (B) (15.6.1895), 1–2. An analysis of the characters.

B752 Lombardía, Miguel Ángel, ‘Razones pictóricas en La Regenta’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [1 p.]. Talks briefly about his non-anecdotal, non-representational, painterly recreation of LR.

B753 Longares, Manuel, ‘La vida literaria’, Cambio 16 (M), No.822 (31.8.1987), 90–91. Contrasts the literary atmosphere of fin de siglo Madrid, as depicted in R. Darío’s España contemporánea (see B346) and the reception of LR in its time.

B754 López, Berta M., ‘El deseo triangular en La Regenta’, EFil (Valdivia, Chile), No.22 (1987), 59–76. A somewhat turgid Girardian analysis of the desire to be ‘Other’.

B755 López, Ignacio Javier, Caballero de novela: ensayo sobre el donjuanismo en la novela española moderna, 1880–1930 (Barcelona: Puvill Libros, 1986), pp.73–105, 109–10, 180– 84, 202–7, 230–31, et passim.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) A revision of B757. Continues the ‘inter-novel dialogue’ initiated by S. Gilman (see 1:B497), by discussing LR, along with O primo Basílio (Eça de Queirós), La desheredada and Fortunata y Jacinta (Galdós); notes parallels between Unamuno’s Nada menos que todo un hombre and LR; and between Pérez de Ayala’s Tigre Juan and LR.

B756 ——, ‘Clarín y la imaginación literaria romántica’, RHM, 48 (1995), 274–85. Focuses on the rhetorical use of litotes as a means of alluding to the hidden sexuality of characters in LR; and on the intentionally degraded use of romantic tropes like ‘alma bella’ or schöne Seele, which, for L., demystifies language as a privileged site of transcendence.

B757 ——, ‘Donjuanismo and Irony in the Modern Spanish Novel (1880–1930): An Historical Essay’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, 1984. 331 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 45, No.7 (1984–85), 2126A. Text in Spanish. Ch. II focuses on the demythified donjuan in LA and Galdós.

B758 ——, ‘En torno a la recepción del naturalismo en España (José Ortega Munilla, Leopoldo Alas, Tomás Tuero, Luis Alfonso y las reseñas de La desheredada de Galdós)’, NRFH, 39 (1991), 1005–23. Says G.’s contemporaries noticed a significant change in style in La desheredada, similar to French naturalism.

B759 ——, Realismo y ficción: ‘La desheredada’ de Galdós y la novela de su tiempo (Barcelona: PPU, 1989), pp.133–39, 141–42, et passim. LA’s reviews of La desheredada reveal how innovative Galdós’s novel was in 1881.

B760 López [-Barxas], Francisco, ‘Carolyn Richmond entre “Clarín” y Marsillach’, Faro de Vigo, 4, No.159 (15.3.1986). Discusses 1:B1440.

B761 ——, ‘Carolyn Richmond, entre el rigor y el deleite crítico’, Argumentos (M), No.58 (1983), 70–75. An interview in which C.R. comments on editing LA’s stories; Clarín as a critic; and the need for more critical work and an Obras completas.

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Secondary Material B762 ——, ‘De Jovellanos a Clarín o el pensamiento crítico asturiano’, Argumentos (M), 4, No.45 (1981), 62–63. A favourable rev. of B328.

B763 ——, ‘Ego universal’, Diario 16 (M) (19.12.1987), iii. Rpt. as ‘La universal actualidad de Clarín’, La Nueva España (O) (6.1.1988), 42. Rev.-art. of Ab11; Ai16; B1228 and 1472.

B764 ——, ‘La Regenta levanta ampollas. Conversación con Andrés Amorós, crítico literario’, Argumentos (M), 4, No.45 (1981), 54–57. See 1:B1422. On the rediscovery of LR; LR as a portrait of Restoration society; LA as an independent-minded critic; and the role of the critic in literary recognition.

B765 López-Cuesta Egocheaga, Teodoro, ‘D. Adolfo ÁlvarezBuylla y González Alegre (Retazos de “sus” memorias)’, Anales de la Real Academia de Ciencias Morales y Políticas (M), 43, No.68 (1990–91), 219–95. On LA’s relationship with Krausism, the Univ. of Oviedo, and the reformist-minded ‘Oviedo group’ (pp.223–24, 230–43, et passim).

B766 ——, ‘La Universidad de “Clarín”’, Discurso leído en la solemne apertura del curso académico de 1985 a 1986 (Oviedo: Gráficas Summa, 1985). 94 pp. On pp.63–83, et passim: comments about LA’s role and significance in the Krausist-influenced revitalization of the Univ. de Oviedo; and his relationship with Spanish socialists. Rpts three newspaper articles by LA (pp.87–94) (see Ah64, 113, and 115).

B767 ——, ‘La Universidad de Oviedo y Manuel Llaneza’, Los Cuadernos del Norte (O), 6, No.30 (Mar.–Apr. 1985), 78– 88. Pp.78–81 deal with LA’s ideas on socialism, in an attempt to relate them to Llaneza, a sindicalista socialista of the pre-Civil War period; pp.84–86 bring together LA’s son, Alas Argüelles’s ideas on socialism and nationalization of the coal industry and those of Llaneza.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B768 López Fanego, Otilia, ‘En torno a La Regenta. Tres breves alusiones a tres temas trascendentales’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.525–36. Gives interesting background on three allusions in LR: 1. Fermín de Pas’s mathematically constructed sermons (Ch. XII); 2. the Casino members’ interest in the question of animal intelligence (Ch. VIII); and 3. Carlos Ozores’s opinion that a non-religious education was most suitable for his daughter Ana (Ch. IV).

B769 López Jiménez, Luis, ‘Ideas de “Clarín” sobre la traducción y su versión de Travail de Zola’, in Estudios humanísticos en homenaje a Luis Cortés Vázquez, II, ed. Roberto Dengler Gassin (Salamanca: Univ., 1991), pp.531–38. Reviews LA’s ideas concerning translation and stylistic traits of his own translation of Travail.

B770 ——, ‘Personajes de Zola recreados por “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.537–47. A comparison between LR and La Conquête de Plassans.

B771 ——, ‘Quelques traits de la littérature espagnole à l'époque naturaliste’, in Le Naturalisme dans les littératures européennes. Textes et Langages. VIII, Actes du Colloque International (Nantes, 21–23 Sept. 1982), ed. Yves Chevrel (Nantes: Univ., 1983), pp.63–76. LA as an oft-cited example in this rather sketchy piece on Spanish naturalism.

B772 ——, ‘La réplica de “Clarín” a Le Roman expérimental de Zola’, Filología Moderna (M), Nos 65–67 (1978–79), 209– 31. Parallels and contrasts established between LA’s ‘Del naturalismo’ and Le Roman expérimental.

B773 López Martínez, José, ‘“Clarín” y el centenario de La Regenta’, Lanza (Ciudad Real) (8.4.1984), 3. On the appearance of LR in 1884–85; and the relationship between LR and ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’.

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Secondary Material B774 ——, ‘Se cumplen cien años de la publicación de La Regenta’, RLetras (M), No.10 (Apr. 1984), 27–29. Generalities on Alas’s writings and the modernity of LR.

B775 López Serrano, Ricardo, ‘Estudio’, in Cuentos (see Ad23), pp.13–81. B776 Lott, Robert E., ‘Montage in La Regenta and Madame Bovary’, in Selected Proceedings: The Third Louisiana Conference for Hispanic Languages and Literatures 1981, ed. Harry L. Kirby, Jr. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Univ., 1984), pp.175–82. Compares cinematic techniques in Les comices (Part II, Ch. 8) of Madame Bovary and the Ch. III bedroom scene of LR, concluding that the latter is more visual-affective than auditive-affective; and not only more reflective and analytical, but more closely related to the twentiethcentury concept of montage than Flaubert’s scene.

B777 Lowe, Jennifer, ‘Cigars, Slippers and Nightcaps: Attitudes and Actions in La Regenta and Tristana’, AGald, 27–28 (1992–93), 125–29. Notes parallels, differences, and inversions in these symbolic objects as they are used to define the changing relationship between Ana and Víctor in LR and Tristana and Lope in Tristana.

B778 Lozano, Carlos, La influencia de Rubén Darío en España (León: Univ. Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, 1978), pp.10–11, 32–34, 36, 38–39, 61–64, 67, 80–81, 115, 150– 52, et passim. LA’s articles, at times hostile, made Darío even better known in Spain than before.

B779 Lozano Marco, Miguel Ángel, ‘El hijo santo, novela de Gabriel Miró. Consideraciones sobre un olvido’, ALE (Alicante), No.5 (1986–87), 267–78. Parallels between LR and Miró’s novel, focusing on the creation of a fictional city and an enamoured priest (pp.272–74; 277).

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B780 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Las dos cajas, Doña Berta y otros relatos (see Ad40), pp.7–22. Gives brief analyses of individual stories, emphasizing the theme of la grandeza del sufrimiento.

B781 ——, ‘El relato “Las dos cajas” en la obra narrativa de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.859–72. Rpt. in his La literatura como intensidad (Clarín, Unamuno, Azorín, Miró, Pérez de Ayala) (Alicante: Caja de Ahorros, 1988), pp.15–32. Uses ‘Las dos cajas’ as an example of what Sobejano calls ‘el triunfo del dolor’ (in 1:Ac12), noting the influence of Wagner and Schopenhauer.

B782 ——, Del relato modernista a la novela poemática: la narrativa breve de Ramón Pérez de Ayala (Alicante: Univ./Caja de Ahorros, 1983), pp.148–56. Reviews the Clarinian influence upon Pérez de Ayala’s ‘relatos espiritualistas y de tono idílico’. Believes LA’s impact is greater and more complex in the later stories; and notes the Pérez de AyalaUnamuno-LA connection.

B783 Lumbreras, O., ‘Representación teatral de La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (29.11.1983), 40. On the debut of the play version of LR, for 3–4 Dec., Teatro Campoamor, Oviedo. Discusses the adaptation with director Álvaro Custodio.

B784 Luna Traill, Elizabeth, ‘Notas para un posible análisis estructural de La Regenta de Leopoldo Alas’, in Actas del VI Congreso Internacional de la Asociación de Lingüística y Filología de la América Latina (Phoenix, Sept. 1981) (Mexico: UNAM, 1988), pp.969–76. Following Greimas and Todorov, L.T. analyses Álvaro Mesía’s structural role, arguing that he is the ‘strong’ character of the novel.

B785 Luxemburg, Jan van, ‘Ana’s Pedestal: A Counterreading of La Regenta’, Style, 22 (1988), 559–75. Using a Barthesian model, L. focuses on LA’s delight in the forbidden discourse of the erotic. Some good points about the erotic and the

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Secondary Material misogynistic narrative impulses in LR are diluted and obscured by diffuse, jargon-filled writing and a condescending attitude towards other critical approaches. References to Clarín studies are spotty and not up-to-date.

B786 ——, ‘La Regenta: Rhetoric and Religion’, HisJ, 11, No.2 (1990), 71–89. Poor English, a confused use of theoretical terms, and a tendency to overstate the case seriously mar and obscure the sometimes interesting points of this article, which explores the question of religious and textual undecidability as produced by a destabilized context of situation and discourse. Author fails to distinguish clearly between the two kinds of undecidability and to bring out the moral effects of Clarinian irony.

B787 ——, ‘Religious Space, Rhetoric and Authenticity in La Regenta by Leopoldo Alas’, in Proceedings of the XIIth Congress of the International Comparative Literature Association, II, Space and Boundaries in Literature, ed. Roger Bauer, Douwe Fokkema, & Michail de Graat (Munich: Indicium, 1990), pp.455–60. An interesting piece on how the ‘context of situation’ and the ‘context of discourse’ (here, rhetoric) in the description of the bishop’s palace (Ch. XII) point to undecidability in assessing the authenticity of the bishop’s character and to the use of rhetoric as a frame for that undecidability.

B788 M., ‘Discusiones del Ateneo’, La Época (M) (15.1.1880), [2]. Says that LA wandered from the point in his talk on ‘Origen del lenguaje’.

B789 M.C., ‘Libros nuevos. Un discurso por “Clarín”’, El País (M) (12.11.1891), [2]. Favourable rev.

B790 M.S., ‘Charo López: “La Regenta es el gran papel que me gustaría hacer en el cine”’, La Nueva España (O) (5.2.1984), 24. The Spanish actress talks about the possibility of doing a new film version of LR.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B791 M.S.M., ‘La editorial Aguilar publicará las obras completas de Clarín’, La Nueva España (O) (18.5.1995), 12. Seven volumes over three years are to be published. (Nothing so far from Aguilar, but see Aa3.)

B792 M.T., ‘Un libro de Clarín’, El Globo (M) (26.8.1886), [2]. Favourable rev. of Pipá, in which the critic calls the stories ‘fotografías sociales’.

B793 Machado Fernández, Julián-Domingo, ‘Ana Ozores y Fermín de Pas’, in Comentarios de texto sobre ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín (see B318), pp.30–41. Analyses the two characters as ‘dos almas hermanadas’. Interesting comments on their infantilismo.

B794 Maestre, Eloy, ‘Buero Vallejo: “Clarín es un caso insólito porque fue tan gran crítico como creador”’, La Nueva España (O) (23.12.1984), 5. On the LA exhibit at the Biblioteca Nacional; and the opinions of Ignacio Quintana, García Linares, Buero Vallejo, and Jaime Salinas, on LR.

B795 Maestro, Jesús G., ‘La modalidad narrativa: para una tipología del discurso verbal. Sistematización y aplicación en Doña Berta, de “Clarín”’, BIDEA (O), 43, No.129 (1989), 71–130. After cataloguing a description of types of discursos, M. gives examples in LA’s story.

B796 ——, ‘La muerte y las funciones narrativas en Doña Berta, de “Clarín”. Clasificación e interpretación’, BIDEA (O), 42, No.125 (1988), 123–43. A description of eleven Proppian functions of character (isolation, loneliness, love, death, etc.), plus an attempt to connect the biographical (LA’s obsession with death) and the fictional, add up to little here.

B797 Maeztu, Ramiro de, ‘Carta íntima’, El País (M) (4.1.1898), [2]. Rpt. in 1:B946, pp.75–77. In an open letter to Joaquín Dicenta, M. calls LA a total failure.

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Secondary Material B798 ——, ‘Clarín, Madrid Cómico and Co Limited’ (1:B686). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.124–28.

B799 Mandrell, James, ‘Malevolent Insemination: Don Juan Tenorio in La Regenta’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.1–28. Rpt., revised, in his Don Juan and the Point of Honor: Seduction, Patriarchal Society, and Literary Tradition (University Park: Pennsylvania State Univ. Press, 1992), pp.133–70. Don Juan Tenorio’s presence in LR is studied as a sign of ‘patriarchal desire that subsumes the feminine’. J.M. makes good use of psychoanalytic (Freud, Lacan) and anthropological-literary theories (Girard), by simultaneously critiquing them and the narrator of LR for their marginalizing and silencing of the feminine.

B800 ——, ‘Nostalgia and the Popularity of Don Juan Tenorio: Reading Zorrilla Through Clarín’, HR, 59 (1991), 37–55. A fine study, in which author uses LR as a cultural prism through which to explain the continuing, nostalgic appeal of Zorrilla’s play, its popularity and canonization as symbolic of a collectively desired recuperation of Spain’s Golden Age past.

B801 ——, ‘Realism in Spain: Galdós, Pardo Bazán, Clarín and the European Context’, Neohelicon, 15, No.2 (1988), 83– 112. LR as a prime example of how the novel in Spain gave ‘literary form to the ongoing debates in the nineteenth century over the nature and place of realism in art’.

B802 *Mañero Lozano, David, ‘La estructura de Doña Berta como denuncia del inmovilismo social carlista y capitalista’, Hesperia. Anuario de Filología Hispánica (Univ. de Vigo), 1 (1998), 81–103. B803 Manent, J.R., ‘Alas y Ureña, Leopoldo’, in Diccionario de autores, I, ed. González Porto-Bompiani (Barcelona: Montaner y Simón, 1973), pp.39–40. Biobibliographical material.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B804 *Mansberger Amorós, Roberto, ‘La cuestión de “el arte por el arte” en la literatura española de la Restauración’, unpubl. diss., Univ. Autónoma de Barcelona, 1990. 633 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 54, No.3 (1993), 671–72C. Ch. 5: on the doctrine of ‘art for art’s sake’ in Restoration figures Menéndez y Pelayo, Pardo Bazán, LA, and others.

B805 Marañón, Gregorio, Ensayos liberales, 8th ed. (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1979), pp.129–44. Rpt of 1:B692. B806 ——, ‘Prólogo’ (1:B692). Rpt. as ‘Aquella España’, in his O.C., I, ed. Alfredo Juderías (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1966), pp.625–32. B807 ——, ‘Prólogo’ (1:B692). Rpt. as ‘Dos vidas en el tiempo de la concordia’, in his O.C., IX, ed. Alfredo Juderías (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1973), pp.257–64. B808 ——, ‘Prólogo’ (1:B693). Rpt. as ‘Mi antigua admiración por Clarín’, in his O.C., I, ed. Alfredo Juderías (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1966), pp.845–48. B809 Marco García, Antonio, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” a la luz de Gérard Genette (Aplicación de los propósitos teóricos de Genette en un cuento de “Clarín”)’, Angélica (Lucena, Córdoba), 4 (1993), 113–24. An exercise that uses LA’s story ‘El dúo de la tos’ to demonstrate Genette’s theory.

B810 Marcos, Balbino, ‘El catalejo del Magistral de Vetusta’, LdD, 15, No.32 (May–Aug. 1985), 69–85. A descriptive piece on religiosity and ecclesiastical figures in LR.

B811 Marcos Vallaure, Alberto, ‘Discurso del Excmo. y Mgfco. Sr. Rector en la inauguración del Simposio “Clarín y La Regenta en su tiempo”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.xi–xii.

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Secondary Material Gives thanks to organizations supporting the Symposium; and comments on the proliferation of homages to LA.

B812 Maresca, Mariano, Hipótesis sobre Clarín. El pensamiento crítico del reformismo español (Granada: Diputación Provincial, 1985). 360 pp. Based on his *‘Hipótesis sobre Clarín. El pensamiento crítico’, unpubl. diss., Univ. de Granada, 1982. Confusing and turgidly written, this book nonetheless makes some interesting, suggestive points about LA’s need to believe, his search for transcendence and his creation of ‘heterotopias’, imaginary places inspired by LA’s complex moral drive. M.M. also sets LA’s thinking and mindset within the larger context of Krausism, nineteenth-century Spain and Europe, and the intellectual inheritance of the Enlightenment.

B813 Marsillach, Adolfo, ‘“Clarín”’, El Diluvio (B), No.167 (16.6.1901), 13–14. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.263–66. Eulogy, with remarks on LR as a major work and SUH as a lesser effort.

B814 ——, ‘Generosidad catalanista’, El Diluvio (B), No.172 (21.6.1901), 9–10. Criticises Catalanist newspapers for ignoring the death of Clarín.

B815 Martín, Nemesio, ‘“Las dos cajas”, “Doña Berta” y otros relatos’, Aljibe No.3/Taller (Alicante: Editorial Aguaclara, 1988). 16 pp. Inserted with Ad40. A humorous student guide to the style and structure of LA’s stories, with suggested activities.

B816 Martín Fernández, Mariano [pseud.: Martinete], Martingalas de Martinete. La autopsia de Clarín (1:B700). According to Martínez Cachero (see B842), this is Martinete’s real name, and not Emilio Martín Galí.

B817 Martín-Gamero, Sofía, ‘Introducción’, in ‘Juan Ruiz’ (see Ab9), pp.9–23. Gives the historical-biographical background to LA’s ms.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Martinete [pseud.]: See Martín Fernández, Mariano. B818 Martínez Cachero, José María, ‘Un artículo necrológico y dos cartas inéditas de “Clarín” en 1895’, in Homenaje a Álvaro Galmés de Fuentes, I (Madrid/Oviedo: Gredos/ Univ. de Oviedo, 1985), pp.509–18. Rpts, with commentary, LA’s obituary of Sanz y Forés (El Imparcial [7.11.1895]) (pp.510–14); and two letters dated 12–13.11.1895 (pp.516–18) written to the director of the Correo de Asturias, Eduardo Serrano y Branat (see Af23). In them, LA takes offence at a presumed slur published in an anonymous suelto, ‘El Patrocinio de la Virgen’ (see B1709), and notes that if he is cursi for having referred in his necrology of Sanz y Forés to the cult of the Virgin Mary as the eterno femenino, then so is Goethe. See also Ah116.

B819 ——, ‘Cartas son cartas … Epistolarios de escritores asturianos: el caso de “Clarín”’, in Actas del 1er Congreso de Bibliografía Asturiana, I (Oviedo, 11–14 Apr. 1989) (Oviedo: Principado de Asturias, Consejería de Educación, Cultura, Deportes y Juventud, 1992), pp.400–9. Rpts six letters from LA to Asturian politician José Posada Herrera in 1882 and one from LA’s father to the same. A ‘dialogue’ among symposium participants follows (pp.410–11) on the existence of other correspondence to and from LA. See also Af18.

B820 ——, ‘La cátedra ovetense de Leopoldo Alas. (Algunos testimonios de compañeros y alumnos). Introducción’, in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), pp.215–17. Presentation of personal reminiscences by friends and students of LA.

B821 ——, ‘Cien años de La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ (1884–1984) (see B302), pp.229–57. The text of four lectures given at the Fundación Juan March, on 16, 18, 23, 25 Oct. 1984. Deals with the critical reception of LR; editions; LR as a novela de clave; the theme of inauthenticity; and settings in LR. See also 1:B1425.

B822 ——, ‘“Clarín” en fichas: una bibliografía anotada de Leopoldo Alas’, Ínsula, No.498 (May 1988), 8–9. Rev.-art. of B1472.

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Secondary Material B823 ——, ‘Comentario de un texto representativo’, in Cuentos (see Ad22), pp.347–57. An explication de texte of the last scene of ‘Pipá’.

B824 ——, ‘La crítica en el fin de siglo: “Gente Vieja” y “Gente Nueva”’, in Siglo XIX, II, ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar, Historia de la literatura española, IX, gen. ed. Víctor García de la Concha (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1998), pp.906–19. LA as a key figure in the complex relationship between the two groups.

B825 ——, ‘La crítica literaria de Clarín’, Anuario Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos ‘Florián de Ocampo’ (1985), 805–9. An overview of LA’s criticism and LA as ‘un crítico demócrata’.

B826 ——, ‘El crítico “Clarín” a través de sus comentarios al poeta Emilio Ferrari’, in Homenaje a José Manuel Blecua (Madrid: Gredos, 1983), pp.433–42. Chronicles LA’s attacks against Ferrari’s play, La justicia del acaso (1881), and his poems Pedro Abelardo (1884), ‘Consummatum’, and ‘En el arroyo’.

B827 ——, ‘Las desventuras de un busto’, El Alcázar (M) (5.6.1962), 11. See 1:B1427. Criticises the Ayuntamiento de Oviedo’s negligence in replacing the dynamited bust of LA in the Campo de San Francisco. (A bust had been ready since 1956.)

B828 ——, ‘Un folio para Manuel Avello’, in Avello’s Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ (see B436), pp.11–13. On Avello’s clarinista background.

B829 ——, ‘Génesis y repercusión de una obra maestra’, El País (M) (14.3.1985), ii–iii. On various literary models found in LA’s own work and other texts which went into the creation of LR.

B830 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Cuentos (see Ad22), pp.13–58. Introd. covers: 1. El autor; 2. Estudio de los cuentos de Leopoldo Alas; 3. Criterios de esta edición; and 4. Bibliografía.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B831 ——, ‘Introducción’, in La Regenta (see Ac25), pp.vii– xlix. Biographical information on LA, as well as commentary on the characters, style, themes (pseudopolitics, pseudoculture, and pseudoreligion), time and space, reception, and identification of real-life models in LR. Rpts LA’s May 1885 letter (and that of his colleagues) to the Bishop of Oviedo.

B832 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Su único hijo (see Ac41), pp.9–45. A basic overview of LA’s life, his work, and SUH (composition and publication; reception; style; relationship to ‘Una medianía’ and ‘Juanito Reseco’).

B833 ——, ed., Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” (Madrid: Taurus, 1988). 276 pp. Rpt of 1:B723. B834 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, Cuadernos Ovetenses, X (Oviedo: La Voz de Asturias, [16. 3.1995]), pp.145–60. An overview of LA’s life, criticism, and fiction. Illus. with photographs and drawings.

B835 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”: sobre tres episodios de su vida’, in Homenaje al profesor Antonio Vilanova, II, coord. Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez; ed. Marta Cristina Carbonell (Barcelona: Univ./PPU, 1989), pp.373–86. Documents LA’s early attempts (1882) to gain a university position; the Bishop of Oviedo’s dismay over the LA-Bobadilla duel in 1892; and LA’s attacks upon educational reforms proposed by the Ministro de Instrucción Pública, Antonio García Alix, who wanted to prosecute Clarín (1900). See also Ah96; B1698.

B836 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” y Luis Bonafoux “Aramís”: historia de una enemistad literaria’, in Hijos de la crítica (see B186), pp.5–28. Recounts in detail the history of the LA-Bonafoux polemic.

B837 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas, mediador en la huelga de Gijón: Febrero 1901 (Cinco artículos de “Clarín” en El Imparcial)’, in Homenaje al profesor José Fradejas 206

Secondary Material Lebrero, II, ed. José Romera, Antonio Lorente & Ana María Freire (Madrid: Univ. Nacional de Educación a Distancia, 1993), pp.655–71. Discusses some of LA’s activities during the last months of his life, especially his role as mediator for the 1901 Gijón strike. See also Ah70.

B838 ——, ‘La literatura’, in Historia general de España y América, XVI–1 (Madrid: Rialp, 1982), pp.79–80, et passim. Introductory pages on LA as novelist.

B839 ——, ‘Más noticias para la bio-bibliografía de Ceferino Suárez Bravo’, BIDEA (O), 14, No.40 (1960), 195–216. Pp.206, 208–9: reviews LA’s unfavourable opinion of S. B.’s novel, Guerra sin cuartel.

B840 ——, Menéndez Pelayo y Asturias (1:B728). Review: 1. Neira, Jesús. BIDEA (O), 11, No.30 (1957), 152–54.

B841 ——, Las palabras y los días de Leopoldo Alas (1:B1429). Reviews: 1. Bonet, Laureano. Ínsula, Nos 470–71 (Jan.– Feb. 1986), 7–8. 2. Gracia Noriega, José [Ignacio]. La Nueva España (O) (22.9.1985), 26. 3. Lozano Marco, Miguel Ángel. ALE (Alicante), No.3 (1984), 501–4.

B842 ——, ‘Polémicas y ataques del “Clarín” crítico’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.83–102. Reviews these cases: Emilio Ferrari; Ceferino Suárez Bravo; Luis Bonafoux; Ramón León Máinez; Juan Fraile Miguélez; Dionisio de las Heras; and Martinete, who turns out to be, not Emilio Martín Galí, but journalist Mariano Martín Fernández.

B843 ——, ‘Recepción de La Regenta in vita de Leopoldo Alas’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.71– 92. Anticipates Tintoré’s book (see B1410), in giving an overview of both positive (Picón, Orlando, Morote, etc.) and negative (Bonafoux,

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Máinez, Siboni, etc.) contemporary reviews of LR; private reactions to the novel; and editions during LA’s lifetime.

B844 ——, ‘La Regenta, ¿una novela de clave?’, in Homenaje a Alonso Zamora Vicente. IV. Literatura española de los siglos XIX y XX, ed. Pedro Peira, et al (Madrid: Castalia, 1994), pp.229–42. Reasserts an earlier critical view that LR holds many real-life keys to its characters and is probably an ‘insider’s’ glimpse into the city of Oviedo.

B845 ——, ‘La Regenta y Clarín en sus días: noticia de una crítica negativa’, Ínsula, No.451 (June 1984), 7. On Máinez’s anti-LR attack.

B846 ——, ‘Seudo-cultura y seudo-religión en la sociedad vetustense’, ABC (M) (15.12.1984), ii. Rpt., amplified, as ‘Vetusta: los “seudos” de una sociedad provinciana’, LdD, 15, No.32 (May-Aug. 1985), 159–70; and in Oviedo. Ciudad Cultural (O), No.2 (Oct. 1990), 83–89. Examples of Vetustan inauthenticity in religion and culture.

——: See also Amorós, Andrés. ——: See also Bonafoux [y Quintero], Luis (B186). ——: See also Custodio, Álvaro (Aj14). ——: See also Fernández Silvestre, Marta. ——: See also Fuente [Ballesteros], R[icardo] de la. ——: See also Anon., ‘Laboratorio de Danza’ (B1648). B847 Martínez Cachero, Luis Alfonso, La emigración asturiana a América (Salinas, Asturias: Ayalga Ediciones, 1976), pp.54–55, 117–18. Comments on LA’s denunciation of Asturian emigration; and his use of the indiano figure in ‘Boroña’ and LR.

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Secondary Material B848 Martínez Carazo, Cristina, ‘El acto de mirar en La Regenta de Clarín’, HisJ, 14, No.2 (1992), 29–39. Likens the cathedral tower of Vetusta to Foucault’s panopticon of power and vigilance, seeing the tower and the figure of Fermín de Pas as performing similar ideological-symbolic functions.

B849 ——, ‘La huella de lo visual en Su único hijo de Clarín’, CH, 16 (1994), 345–55. On imagery of the visible and the invisible (inner states of mind).

B850 ——, ‘La huella del romanticismo en la novelística de Clarín’, RQ, 43 (1996), 176–83. Sums up earlier critics’ perceptions of romantic traces in LA’s novels.

B851 ——, ‘La imaginación creadora en la ficción de Clarín’, CRR, 12 (1993), 53–65. Focuses on LA’s ‘estilo indirecto libre icónico’ in images of specularity and shadows, which reproduce sensations of characters.

B852 *——, ‘Lo visual en la obra de Leopoldo Alas’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of California-Davis, 1991. Abstracted in DAI, 52, No.9 (1992), 3305A. Studies the relationship between verbal and visual representation in LA’s narratives.

B853 ——, ‘Voces y conciencias en Su único hijo’, TdP, 3, No.3 (Fall 1993), 21–28. On the roles of narrative focalization and the implied author, whose presence is noted in the silences of the text.

Martínez Celdrán, E[ugenio]: See Escartín Gual, M[ontserrat]. B854 Martínez Espada, M[anuel], Teatro contemporáneo: apuntes para un libro de crítica (Madrid: ImprentaDucazcal, 1900), pp.155–56, 224.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Teresa was not a flop, he says, but an ‘asesinato con premeditación y alevosía’.

B855 Martínez Fernández, Celso, ‘Formación y función de las figuras poéticas en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.549–67. Linguistic jargon obscures what is otherwise interesting intertextual work showing how LA reincorporated specific imagery taken from Espronceda, Zorrilla, and other romantic poets.

B856 Martínez Galán, Rosario, ‘La descripción del escenario en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.569–86. Observes how LA parcels out in fragments scenes which are then heightened through visual and auditive sensations.

B857 Martínez Martínez, Marcos G., ‘Cuatro cartas de Leopoldo Alas a Salvador Rueda 1887–1888’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.1081–88. Discusses and rpts four very personal and revealing letters to S. Rueda (see Af21). Also makes note of unpublished letters and autograph mss catalogued in the Biblioteca Nacional (M) (see Af28).

B858 Martínez Montón, R[osa], ‘Espasa Calpe presenta una nueva edición de La Regenta’, El País (M) (23.3.1984), 29. On the presentation of Baquero Goyanes’s ed. (1:Ac19).

B859 ——, ‘La Regenta, para gustar a cinco o seis señores’, El País (M) (16.12.1984), 3–4. Rpt. in El País. Ed. Internacional (7.1.1985), vi–vii. Discusses the reception of LR in 1884–85; and the thesis of María José Tintoré (see B1410).

B860 Martínez Ruiz, José [pseud.: Azorín], ‘Los ciegos’, La Vanguardia (B) (10.12.1912). Rpt. in 1:B757. B861 ——, ‘Los cinco Cánovas’, ABC (M) (5.10.1912), 13. Rpt. in 1:B758.

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Secondary Material B862 ——, ‘Clarín’ (1:B759). Rpt. in his Las terceras de ‘ABC’, ed. Juan Sampelayo (Madrid: Editorial Prensa Española, 1976), pp.55–58. B863 ——, ‘Clarín’ (1:B761). Rpt. in his Madrid, Obras selectas (Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1982), pp.860–61. B864 ——, ‘Corresponsales en París’ (1:B764). Rpt. in his O.C., IX (Madrid: Aguilar, 1954), pp.1120–22. B865 ——, ‘La crítica literaria’, El Nuevo Heraldo (M) (22.2.1893), [1]. See 1:B766. B866 ——, ‘Crónica’, El Motín (M), 17, No.11 (13.3.1897), [3]. Rpt. in José Paya Bernabé’s ‘Ignorados artículos de Martínez Ruiz en El Motín’ (see B1021), pp.109–11. Questions LA’s praise of Balart’s Horizontes.

B867 ——, ‘Una lección de estilo’ (1:B770). Rpt. in his Ejercicios de castellano, Obras selectas (Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1982), pp.1351–52. B868 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas. I’, ABC (M) (13.12.1912), 5. Azorín is concerned about the project of publishing LA’s O.C. Clarín, like Stendhal, is a misunderstood writer.

B869 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas. II’, ABC (M) (18.12.1912), 7–8. Clarín as a writer of eclectic tendencies, who oscillated between tradition and innovation.

B870 ——, ‘Nicolás Serrano’ (1:B775). Rpt. in his España, Obras selectas (Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1982), pp.409– 10. B871 ——, ‘Unas notas de Cánovas’, ABC (M) (16.12.1913), 3–4. Comments on LA’s portrait of Cánovas, noting that the real historical figure has faded, and only ‘la efigie del Cánovas trazada por Clarín’ remains.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B872 ——, ‘Oviedo: en la biblioteca de Clarín’, *ABC (M) (17, 20.8.1905). Rpt. in 1:B778. B873 ——, ‘Un recuerdo – Clarín’ (1:B781). Rpt. in his Los pueblos, ed. José María Valverde (Madrid: Castalia, 1973), pp.143–48. B874 ——, ‘Su muerte (Navarro Ledesma)’, in his Obras selectas (Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1943), pp.1115–18. Orig. in *Los Lunes de El Imparcial (M) (26.9.1906). Azorín talks about LA’s librito de memorias, in which the writer jotted down lottery numbers he bet on, his wedding expenses, verses. Cites four lines of a poem in Castilian written with Greek letters.

B875 *——, ‘Los últimos estrenos. Echegaray y Clarín’, El Pueblo (Valencia) (25.3.1895). B876 ——, Los valores literarios, 2nd ed. (Buenos Aires: Losada, 1957), p.47. Compares LA and Emilio Bobadilla (Fray Candil) as critics; and notes that later generations owe much to the ‘catálogo de las ideas nuevas’ created by both critics.

B877 Martínez Sierra, G[regorio], ‘Placas’, Instantáneas (M), 2, No.56 (28.10.1899), n. pag. Criticises LA as the director of Madrid Cómico for favouring ‘firmas acreditadas’ and ignoring young, unknown writers.

B878 ——, ‘Placas’, Instantáneas (M), 2, No.58 (11.11.1899), n. pag. Raves over publication of ‘Las dos cajas’ in the Biblioteca Mignon series (see Ad12); then talks of LA and Valle-Inclán together, ‘un viejo y un joven’.

B879 Martínez Torrón, Diego, ‘Ediciones recientes de La Regenta’, CHA, No.415 (Jan. 1985), 64–74. Reviews editions prepared by Cabezas, Martínez Cachero, Sobejano, Baquero Goyanes, and Oleza. M.T. objects to the downplaying of LA’s naturalism in most of these editions.

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Secondary Material B880 ——, ‘El naturalismo de La Regenta’ (1:B787). Rpt., revised, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.587–628; and in his Estudios de literatura española (Barcelona: Anthropos, 1987), pp.91–143. B881 Masip Acevedo, Julio, ‘Alrededor de La Regenta. Don Fermín de Pas y Don José María de Cos’, BIDEA (O), 38, No.113 (1984), 845–58. Superficial parallels between the characterization of Fermín de Pas and the real-life Archbishop Cos.

B882 ——, ‘El arzobispo Cos y Fermín de Pas: de lo vivo a lo pintado’, La Nueva España (O) (9, 16.9.1979), 23–24, 33– 34. See 1:B788. Details of the life of José María de Cos, the presumed historical model for Fermín de Pas.

B883 Masip Hidalgo, Antonio, ‘“Clarín” y La Regenta en su tiempo’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.vii–ix. Also in Vetusta (O), No.7 (Dec. 1984), 2–3. The mayor’s words of welcome to the 400 participants in the 1984 Oviedo Symposium; with observations on the Vetusta/Oviedo of past and present.

B884 ——, ‘El deporte y La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.629–48. Relates references to sports in LR to similar interests expressed in the Asturias of Clarín’s time.

B885 ——, ‘[Presentación]’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [1 p.]. Presents this book as an imaginative recreation of LR’s world.

B886 ——, ‘La Regenta, en francés y portugués’, La Nueva España (O) (26.2.1988), 2. Comments on the French and Portuguese translations of LR.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B887 Matamoro, Blas, ‘Magias, niñas, adúlteras y travestis’, CHA, No.415 (Jan. 1985), 25–36. An interesting, comparative article on the usurpation of the traditional hero’s role by women often characterized as hysterics, but who really are frustrated male figures, in nineteenth-century fiction (Emma Bovary and Ana Ozores, for example).

B888 Mateo, Eduardo, ‘Análisis del final de dos novelas de Clarín’, Scriptura (Lleida), 6–7 (1991), 83–90. Sees resemblances in the endings of LR and SUH, namely, in the attempt by both Ana Ozores and Bonifacio Reyes, two insecure and idealistic characters who rely overmuch on externals, to come full circle by the end of the novels, to make an impossible return to the beginning.

B889 Mattauch, Hans, ‘Don Juan Tenorio in Vetusta: zum rezeptionsgeschichtlichen Stellenwert der Tenorio – Aufführung in La Regenta’, in De orbis. Hispani linguis litteris historia moribus. Festschrift für Dietrich Briesemeister zum 60.Geburtstag, I, ed. Axel Schönberger & Klaus Zimmermann (Frankfurt am Main: Domus Editoria Europaea, 1994), pp.869–76. Contextualizes the Don Juan Tenorio theatre scene in LR by discussing the conflicting traditions and reception of the play: on the one hand, religious prohibitions during All Saints’ Day and criticisms of the play’s presumed immorality and, on the other, the secularized acceptance of the yearly tradition as well as the prevalence of DJT parodies in the 1870s and 80s especially.

B890 Matzat, Wolfgang, ‘Natur und Gesellschaft bei Clarín und Galdós. Zum diskursgeschichtliche. Ort des spanischen Realismus/Naturalismus’, in Peripherie und Dialogizität, Untersuchungen zum realistisch-naturalistischen Roman in Spanien, ed. Wolfgang Matzat (Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag, 1995), pp.13–44. Ana in LR and Fortunata in Fortunata y Jacinta demonstrate the close connection between women and nature, the conflict between the individual and the social body. Also discusses LR as being situated on

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Secondary Material the geographical periphery (the provincial city of Vetusta) as well as on the periphery of modernity. Review: 1. Chamberlin, Vernon A. AGald, 31–32 (1996–97), 133–36.

B891 Medina, Jeremy T., Spanish Realism (1:B794). Review: 1. Klein, Richard B. Hispania, 65 (1982), 144–45.

B892 Medio, Dolores, ‘Oviedo, ciudad literaria’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (21.9.1984), 33. Personal reminiscences of Oviedo mixed with the city’s literary image in the works of LA, Palacio Valdés and Pérez de Ayala.

B893 ——, Oviedo en mi recuerdo (Gijón: Fundación Dolores Medio, 1990), pp.67–71. LR is a social novel.

B894 ——, ‘La Regenta y el pecado de amor’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.]. Stresses the contradictory, often hypocritical values of Restoration society toward sexual mores.

B895 Medrano, Christiane, ‘Estudio de las colaboraciones de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” en el periódico Madrid Cómico (1883–1885)’, Mémoire pour la Maîtrise d’Espagnol, Univ. de Toulouse-Le Mirail, 1974–75. 167 leaves, typescript. Gives a description of Madrid Cómico, LA’s disputes with Ricardo de la Vega, Navarro Gonzalvo, and Aniceto Valdivia in MC, and rpts, with annotations, sixteen of LA’s MC contributions from 1883–85.

B896 Mejías López, Alejandro, ‘George Sand y las literatas en España: nuevas aproximaciones a La Regenta de Clarín y El oro de Mallorca de Darío’, in Perspectivas sobre la cultura hispánica. XV aniversario de una colaboración interuniversitaria, ed. John P. Gabriele & Andreina Bianchini (Córdoba: Univ./PRESCHCO, 1997), pp.245–66. Argues that an LA hostile to ‘literatas’ modeled some of Ana Ozores’s fictional biography on the autobiography of George Sand.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B897 Melcón, Mary Luz, ‘Las mujeres de Vetusta’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.140–46. In this mostly descriptive article, author juxtaposes Ana Ozores as feminine myth to the secondary female characters in LR, who are demythicized.

B898 ——, ‘La Regenta: contrafigura de Carmen’, CHA, No.415 (Jan. 1985), 4–11. Both Ana and Carmen are two sides of the same coin: rebellious women desiring freedom, who are ultimately destroyed by a repressive society.

B899 Melibeo [pseud.], ‘Bibliografía’, Las Dominicales del Libre Pensamiento (M) (14.11.1885), 4. A mixed rev. of Sermón perdido.

B900 Mella, R., ‘A “Clarín”’, El Progreso (M), 1, No.39 (3.12.1899), 3. Takes LA to task for his presumably misguided criticisms of anarchists’ and other freethinkers’ views of religion.

B901 Melón Fernández, Santiago, ‘La Extensión Universitaria – Antecedentes y características’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.93–110. In reaction to the bureaucratized statism of Spanish education, the reformist Extensión Universitaria was created by Clarín and other university professors.

B902 ——, ‘Palabras preliminares’, in Dos discursos académicos sobre Leopoldo Alas, by Adolfo A. Buylla y G. Alegre & Pedro Sáinz y Rodríguez (Oviedo: Univ., 1986), pp.3–6. Observes that these now classic (and hard to find) studies are reproduced as early appreciations of Clarín. Both Buylla and Sáinz y Rodríguez were influenced by LA as an exemplary figure.

B903 ——, ‘Presentación’, in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), p.8. Gives contents of vol., pointing out that José Buylla’s class notes are published here for the first time.

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Secondary Material B904 ——, ‘Universidad y cultura durante la Restauración (1875–1902)’, in Historia general de Asturias, IV, Siglo XIX (Gijón: Silverio Cañada, Editor, 1978), pp.241–56. On LA as a member of the intellectual Movimiento de Oviedo, his activism in university politics, and the moral portrait of Oviedo drawn in LR (pp.252–56).

B905 Mencheta [pseud.], ‘El drama de “Clarín”’, El Día (M) (17.6.1895), [2]. The successful Barcelona debut of Teresa.

B906 Méndez-Leite, Fernando, ‘Mi Regenta, un viejo sueño’, in Oviedo. Ciudad Cultural (see B1007), pp.5–8. Explains genesis of his in-progress ten-and-a-half hour TV series of LR, his adaptation, and the cinematic qualities of LA’s novel. See also B937.

B907 Méndez Mori, Paciente, El Emmo. Sr. Cardenal Sanz y Forés (Obispo de Oviedo.– 1868–1882). Algunos datos biográficos (Oviedo: Imprenta ‘La Cruz’, 1928), pp.344– 45. See 1:B805. Without naming LA, refers to LR and the creation of Bishop Fortunato Camoirán as based on real-life figure Sanz y Forés.

Mendoza, Carlos [pseud.]: See Opisso y Viñas, Alfredo. B908 Meyer, Susanne, Literarische Schwestern: Ana Ozores – Effi Briest. Studien zur psychosozialen Genese fiktionaler Figuren (Aachen: Verlag Shaker, 1993). 192 pp. A psychoanalytic study of LA and Fontane, as seen through their two female characters. Reviews: 1. Ciplijauskaité, Biruté. BHS (Glasgow), 73 (1996), 470–71. 2. Graf, Marga. Ibero, No.42 (1995), 131–33.

B909 Miller, Stephen, ‘¿“Clarín” y/o Galdós?’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.134–39. Pointing out biographical and aesthetic differences between the two novelists, S.M. also sensibly suggests not pitting G. against LA and their respective scholars against one another competitively.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B910 ——, ‘De la cuentística de Alas y Pardo Bazán en los años noventa, con referencia a Galdós’, RQ, 45 (1998), 35–44. Argues that P.B.’s ‘Catholic imagination’ does not permit the same kind of in-depth analysis of ‘el hombre interior’ and problematizing of modern reality that Alas displays in many stories.

B911 ——, ‘Las dimensiones de la novela realista/naturalista: en torno al diálogo Galdós-Clarín sobre Fortunata y Jacinta’, in Galdós. Centenario de ‘Fortunata y Jacinta’ (1887– 1987). Actas, ed. Julián Ávila Arellano (Madrid: Univ. Complutense, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, 1989), pp.545–51. How LA and Galdós tried to come to grips with the excessive length of their fictions.

B912 ——, ‘Intertexts, Contexts and the Clarinian Canon: The Place of “El cura de Vericueto”’, BHS (Liverpool), 68 (1991), 463–77. A provocative intertextual study showing how Campoamor’s ‘Los grandes problemas’ and Galdós’s La Incógnita and Realidad incited LA to create a short story so rooted temporally and intertextually that for today’s readers, S.M. believes, it is no longer a ‘living text’.

B913 ——, ‘La novela ilustrada y Clarín: su opinión y nuestra interpretación’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.34–39. Notes how LA eventually became more favourable towards the use of illustrations accompanying his texts; and suggests that Llimona’s drawings for the first ed. of LR offer a kind of visual ‘reading’ of the text.

B914 ——, Del realismo/naturalismo al modernismo: Galdós, Zola, Revilla y Clarín (1870–1901) (Las Palmas: Biblioteca Galdosiana/Ediciones del Cabildo Insular de Gran Canaria, 1993). 218 pp. Glosses LA’s readings of Galdós’s novels and Galdós’s readings of LA’s work; and discusses their convergences-divergences, using Stephen Gilman’s notion of an intertextual, readerly dialogue between writers, albeit within the frame of an ‘external history’ (see 1:B496);

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Secondary Material also discusses the later crisis in realism/naturalism as part of a national crisis, in both writers. Reviews: 1. Bly, Peter. RQ, 44 (1997), 185–86. 2. Henn, David. BHS (Liverpool), 73 (1996), 332–33. 3. Kronik, John W. HR, 65 (1997), 435–37. 4. Lentzen, Manfred. RF, 106 (1994), 415–17. 5. Oleza, Joan. AGald, 33 (1998), 115–28. 6. Taylor, Teresia. Hispania, 77 (1994), 429–31. 7. Whiston, James. MLR, 91 (1996), 244–45.

Mínimo [pseud.]: See Ruiz y Contreras, Luis. Miquis, Alejandro [pseud.]: See González, Anselmo. B915 Miralles, Andrés, ‘Apolo en Pafos’, El Correo (M) (5.11.1887), [1]. A generally favourable rev. of Apolo en Pafos, although A.M. notes that LA is never ‘imparcial’ in his judgements.

B916 Miravalles Rodríguez, Luis, ‘¿El Magistral de La Regenta, personaje real o inventado? Paralelismos entre Fermín de Pas y José María de Cos y Macho’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.649–60. Fermín de Pas and his real-life model share these traits: physical resemblance; oratorical and mnemonic talents; a domineering mother; a preference for the confessional and the catechising of young girls; and a contradictory temperament.

Moncy, Agnes: See Gullón, Agnes Moncy. B917 Monner Sans, R[icardo], Breves noticias sobre la novela española contemporánea (Buenos Aires: Félix Lajouane, Editor, 1889), pp.16–18. Appreciates LA more as a critic than as a novelist.

Monreal Huegun, Beatriz: See Ruiz de Garibay Olaechea, Marta.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B918 Montero, Juan, ‘La paternidad equívoca y heroica de Bonifacio Reyes en Su único hijo de Clarín’, Philologia Hispalensis (Univ. de Sevilla), 3, No.1 (1989), 189–99. An interesting commentary on the equivocal nature of paternity in SUH, as a reflection of the narrative technique of withholding information (in contrast to traditional nineteenth-century omniscience) and as an indirect critique of the historical-cultural situation of fin de siglo Spain. J.M.’s use of the figure of incest as the central – but hidden – story behind the story of SUH merits further analysis. See also B1537.

B919 Montero, Manuel, ‘La Regenta: cien años de soledad’, Comunidad Escolar (M) (4–10.2.1985), 22. Makes note of the 1985 exhibit of Clariniana at the Biblioteca Nacional and the recuperation of LR’s place in Spanish and world literature.

B920 Montón Puerto, Pedro, ‘Los personajes aragoneses de La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.679–93. Like Horno Liria (1:B588), P.M.P. focuses attention on Don Cayetano Ripamilán and Víctor Quintanar, calling them both ‘vitalistas’.

B921 Montseny y Carret, Juan [pseud.: Urales, Federico], ‘Crónica de Federico Urales (sobre cosas y casos en Gijón)’, *El Noroeste (Gijón) (8.5.1898). Rpt. in Ángeles Barrio Alonso’s El anarquismo en Gijón (Industrialización y movimiento obrero 1850–1910) (Gijón: Silverio Cañada, Editor, 1982), pp.161–64. Encounters LA at a romería in Gijón.

B922 ——, ‘Cuatro palabras a Clarín’ (1:B825). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.134–37. B923 ——, ‘La evolución de la filosofía en España. Historia de este libro’, La Revista Blanca (M), 3, No.49 (1.7.1900), 1– 4. Noticeable here is Urales’s enmity toward LA, who refused to answer U.’s poll on national and foreign influences in his writing.

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Secondary Material B924 ——, ‘Va de réplica’, *El País (M) (25.12.1899), 3. Extracted in ‘Confluencias generacionales’ (see B22), p.247. Clarín as symptomatic of Spanish decadence.

B925 Mora, Magdalena, ‘La construcción de la identidad en el personaje novelístico. Madame Bovary (1857) y La Regenta (1884–1885)’, in Teoría del personaje, ed. Carlos Castilla del Pino (Madrid: Alianza, 1989), pp.75–95. M.M. argues that unlike Emma Bovary, Ana Ozores does not create or appropriate any role or model. Ana never succeeds in identifying with anyone and is thus an identity in permanent crisis.

B926 Morais Varela, Joana, ‘Dois anos com A Corregedora’, Jornal de Letras, Artes e Ideías (Lisbon), 7, No.296 (8– 14.3.1988), 24–26. The Portuguese translator of LR comments on LA and Eça de Queirós, and the collective-individual portraits of city, society and characters in LR.

B927 Morales Saro, María Cruces, ‘Crítica de arquitectura y urbanismo en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.695–705. LA’s tastes in architecture were classical and rationalist, hence his dislike of the baroque. For M.S., his criticism of la Vetusta arquitectónica reflects the growing disintegration and dysfunctionality of late nineteenth-century city life.

B928 Morán, P[róspero], ‘La edición de las obras completas de Clarín será rigurosa’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (27.2.1988), 15. Discusses the great success of the French translation of LR (three printings in rapid succession); and details of the Obras completas.

B929 ——, ‘Especialistas clarinianos se reúnen hoy en Oviedo’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (26.2.1988), 20. On the forthcoming O.C.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B930 ——, ‘Hoy se entrega al Rey el libro ‘La Regenta’ cien años después’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (17.10.1984), 24. Details of this limited (and expensive) edition of illustrations and texts inspired by LR.

B931 Moreno, Ricardo, ‘Presentada la primera versión en sueco de La Regenta’, El País (M) (4.11.1986), 33. Translator Peter Landelius received a silver medal from the Academia de las Artes de España for his work.

B932 Moreno García, César, ‘Historia literaria en España’, Revista Contemporánea (M), 87 (1892), 606–28. Fragment rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.395–96. Rev. of Blanco García (1:B161), in which he talks of B.G.’s unfair treatment of LA.

B933 Moreno Hernández, Carlos, ‘Seudorromanticismo y cursilería: Su único hijo’, LdD, No.45 (1989), 93–103. Rev. version rpt. as ‘Clarín y Su único hijo’, in his Literatura y Cursilería (Valladolid: Univ., 1995), pp.123–27. Analyses the situation and characters of SUH as examples of middleclass cursilería.

B934 Morote, Luis, ‘La Regenta’ (1:B826). Extracted in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ (1884–1984) (see B302), pp.101–2; and rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.192–99. Moscatel [pseud.]: See Granés, Salvador M. B935 Mudrick, Marvin, ‘Better Late than Never’, HudR, 39 (1986), 141–48. Rev.-art. of Ai8.

B936 Mundi Pedret, Francisco, ‘Los estamentos eclesiásticos en tiempo de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.707–22. Helpfully explains the various religious offices and figures found in LR.

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Secondary Material B937 Muñiz, Oscar, ‘La adaptación cinematográfica de la obra literaria La Regenta’, in Oviedo. Ciudad Cultural (see B1007), pp.77–82. Like Méndez-Leite (see B906), O.M. views LR as an inherently filmable object.

B938 Muñoz Marquina, Francisco, ‘Introducción’, in ¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros relatos (see Ad13), pp.15–37. General, with little analysis of individual stories.

B939 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Cuentos del realismo y del naturalismo, Colección Clásicos Edelvives, 8 (Zaragoza: Editorial Luis Vives, 1990), pp.19–20, 25–27. With annotations and activities for students.

B940 Muratori-Philip, Anne, ‘Le Flaubert des Asturies’, Le Figaro (Paris) (21.9.1987), xii. Brief biobibliographical sketch.

B941 Muruais, Jesús, ‘Los plagios de Clarín’ (1:B834). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.366–70. B942 N.N.N., ‘Teatros’, La Esquella de la Torratxa (B), 17, No.858 (21.6.1895), 394–95. Wonders why Teresa, a play he considers of great social and dramatic interest, stayed so little time in Barcelona.

B943 Navarro, Felipe Benicio, Letters to Narcís Oller (Archivo Histórico Municipal de Barcelona), in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.291–300. Letters dated 14.6, 9.8, 2.10, and 30.12.1885. F.B.N. calls LR the first modern novel of its time and later tries to raise the spirits of a depressed Oller, overwhelmed by LA’s masterful artistry.

——: See also Frézals, G[eorges?] de.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Navarro Gonzalvo, E[duardo]: See Navarro [y Mediano], Calixto. B944 Navarro y Ledesma, Francisco, ‘“Clarín” (Apuntes para un estudio psicográfico)’ (1:B845). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.193–201. B945 Navarro [y Mediano], Calixto, & E[duardo] Navarro Gonzalvo, ‘Carta. Sr. D. Leopoldo Alas (a) “Clarín”’, Madrid Cómico, 2, No.72 (8.5.1881), 7. A response to LA’s critique of their play, Ley de amor, in El Mundo Moderno (M) (No.60).

B946 *Neininger, Nancy Marie, ‘The Female Orphan in the Hispanic Novels: María (Jorge Isaacs, 1867), Sotileza (José María de Pereda, 1885), La Regenta (Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”, 1885), and Doña Bárbara (Rómulo Gallegos, 1929)’, unpubl. diss., Florida State Univ., 1995. 182 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 56, No.10 (1996), 3990A. ‘The orphans María, Sotileza, Ana, and Bárbara view themselves as morally deficient within their isolated environments.’

B947 Neira, Javier, ‘Ozores’, Vetusta (O), No.7 (Dec. 1984), 8. Vetusta as a ‘territorio de la ambigüedad’.

B948 ——, ‘Sobre los supuestos plagios de “Clarín”’, La Nueva España (O) (25.4.1954), 8. Taking issue with Martínez Cachero (see 1:B726), J.N. believes Bonafoux was right to accuse LA of plagiarism; M.C.’s brief reply is included.

B949 Niedermayer, Franz, ‘Spaniens Madame Bovary?’, SZ, 204 (1986), 349–53. Rev.-art. of Ai20.

B950 Nimetz, Michael, ‘Eros and Ecclesia in Clarín’s Vetusta’ (1:B856). Rpt. as ‘Eros e iglesia en la Vetusta de Clarín’, in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.190–203.

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Secondary Material B951 ——, ‘The Goodbyes of “Clarín”’, AGald, 34 (1999), pp.89–96. Parallels between ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ and Zola’s La Débâcle.

B952 ——, ‘Introduction’, in A Hoax/Superchería (see Ai11), pp.i–v. Good commentary on a major theme in ‘Superchería’, the retreat from emotion.

Nitármez [pseud.]: See Fernández Martínez Elorza, Jesús. B953 Noroeste (El) (Gijón), 5, No.1553 (18.6.1901), [1–2]. Issue devoted largely to LA. See B14, 295, and 1651.

B954 Novo Mier, Lorenzo, ‘Clarín, literatos y literatura’, La Nueva España (O) (29.2.1984), 27. Because LA didn’t write in bable, he isn’t an Asturian writer, says N.M.

B955 Núñez, C[armen], & C[armen] Sáiz, ‘La sensualidad fetichista en La Regenta’, Scriptura (Lleida), No.3 (1987), 105–13. Suggests a triple eroticism: the eroticism of power, mysticism and the material, concentrating on the latter, with examples of body and clothing fetishes in LR.

B956 Núñez, Carmen, Carmen Sáiz, & Neus Samblancat, ‘Emma Bovary y Ana Ozores: lectura comparada’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.723–30. See Clavería, Eoff, Hatzfeld, Laffitte, Sobejano, etc. (in 1:B281,348, 576,640,1160,1163), for earlier analyses.

B957 Núñez Rey, Concepción, ‘La Regenta y O primo Basílio’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.731– 50. See Fedorchek, García Álvarez, and Sobejano (in 1:B364,453,1167) for earlier treatments of the subject.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B958 Núñez Rey, Concha, ‘Clarín, La Regenta y Vetusta’, Liberación (M), No.55 (11.12.1984), 21. Sums up the highlights of the Nov. 1984 Symposium in Oviedo.

B959 Ochart, Luz Ivonne, ‘La Restauración española a través de las lecturas de los personajes en La Regenta’, unpubl. diss., State Univ. of New York at Stony Brook, 1981. 211 pp. See 1:B864. Using a sociology of literature approach, O. aims to reconstruct the socio-economic, political and educational tenor of the Restoration through an analysis of characters’ literary readings, their social class and gender, and the uses to which they put their reading.

B960 *Ochoa [Betancourt], Juan, ‘Sobre un folleto de Clarín’, El Atlántico (Santander) (7.5.1888). B961 ——, ‘[Teresa]’ (1:B867). Rpt. in David Torres, ‘Juan Ochoa escribe sobre Teresa’ (see B1428), pp.953–55. B962 O’Connor, D.J., ‘Galdós’ First Two Series of Episodios nacionales as a Model for the Realist Novel’, REH, 19, No.3 (1985), 97–115. Only Clarín and Manuel de la Revilla, among contemporary critics, saw that Galdós’s early commitment to the detailed transcription of reality in the episodios nacionales linked the historical novels with the new realist novel.

B963 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas and the Spanish Realist Novel, 1876– 1890’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of California-Berkeley, 1982. 314 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 43, No.9 (1983), 3007A. See 1:B868. Concludes that as a literary critic LA was ‘spurred on by the conviction that the novel has a superior social function and [was] armed with two principal criteria, historical validity and poetic resonance’.

B964 Oleza [Simó], Juan, ‘De novelas y paternidades: Clarín, Bourget, Rod y Margueritte’, in Homenaje al profesor Antonio Vilanova, II, coord. Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez; ed.

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Secondary Material Marta Cristina Carbonell (Barcelona: Univ./PPU, 1989), pp.473–85. In the fin de siècle spiritual crisis, personal regeneration is often attained through fatherhood, in novels by Édouard Rod, Paul Bourget, Paul Margueritte, and LA (SUH).

B965 ——, ‘Espiritualismo y fin de siglo: convergencia y divergencia de respuestas’, in Imágenes de Francia en las letras hispánicas, ed. Francisco Lafarga (Barcelona: PPU, 1989), pp.97–82. LA’s main character in SUH, unlike Édouard Rod’s in Le Sens de la vie (1889), does not reintegrate himself into society.

B966 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Su único hijo (see Ac40), pp.9– 131. Extracted as ‘El narrador en Su único hijo’, in Romanticismo y realismo. Primer suplemento, ed. Iris M. Zavala (Barcelona: Crítica, 1994), pp.363–67. B967 ——, La novela del siglo XIX. Del parto a la crisis de una ideología, 2nd ed. (Barcelona: Laia, 1984). See 1:B870. Review: 1. Rodríguez, Rodney T. AGald, 23 (1988), 162–65.

B968 ——, ‘Opciones y posiciones a propósito del realismo/ naturalismo. Un libro de S. Miller’, AGald, 33 (1998), 115– 28. A rev.-art. of B914.

B969 ——, ‘La Regenta y el mundo del joven “Clarín”’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.163–80. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.15–35. LR was written in LA’s most virulently anti-Cánovas (or, antiRestoration) phase. The novel, which also reflects his personal circumstances, is prefigured by other LA texts and marked by Galdós’s influence. See also the introduction to J.O.’s ed. of LR (1:Ac19).

B970 ——, ‘Su único hijo’, in Siglo XIX, II, ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar, Historia de la literatura española, IX, gen.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) ed. Víctor García de la Concha (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1998), pp.639–60. Reviews the genesis of SUH and its subversion of naturalist tenets.

B971 ——, ‘Su único hijo versus La Regenta: una clave espiritualista’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España (see B745), pp.421–44. Contextualises SUH as a product of various fin de siglo spiritual tendencies (the Russian novel, the novela novelesca, vitalism, Bourget and company).

B972 ——, ‘Su único hijo y la disolución de la fábrica naturalista’, Ínsula, No.514 (Oct. 1989), 27–28. Notes vestiges of naturalistic traits in SUH, but suggests, as earlier critics do, that the novel transgresses naturalism and is a novel of ‘evocation’ and memory.

B973 ——, ‘Las transformaciones de la novela en el siglo XIX’, El País (M) (14.3.1985), iii. Observes how the omnipotent narrator in LR comes into play with a polyphonic perspective in which the style indirect libre creates a pact between narrator and characters.

B974 Oliver, Walter, ‘Clarín’s “¡Adiós, Cordera!” as a Critical Assessment of Provincial Life and Politics’, RomN, 28, No.1 (1989), 77–83. Focuses on LA’s criticism of the casería system as part of the narrative ironic tension.

B975 Ontañón de Lope [Blanch], Paciencia, Ana Ozores, La Regenta. Estudio psicoanalítico (Mexico: UNAM, 1987). 134 pp. A somewhat literal and belaboured Freudian analysis, in which author ignores nearly all previous Clarinian studies and post-Freudianism. Reviews: 1. Barbieri, Marie E. HR, 60 (1992), 96–97. 2. Fernández, Sergio. Anuario de Letras (Mexico), 27 (1989), 392–98. 3. Larsen, Kevin S. Ometeca, 1, No.1 (1989), 147–49.

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Secondary Material B976 ——, ‘Dos viajes de bodas: el de la Regenta y el de Clarín’, Anuario de Letras (Mexico), 30 (1992), 191–95. Suggests that LA partly had in mind his own honeymoon when describing Ana Ozores’s.

B977 ——, ‘El matrimonio de la Regenta (Un enfoque psicoanalítico)’, in Homenaje a Álvaro Galmés Fuentes, I (Madrid: Gredos, 1985), pp.531–44. Relying on Freud, Horney and Adler, O. de L.B. focuses on Ana Ozores’s hysterical, neurotic self-idealized character. Although she largely goes over old territory, the use of modern-day psychoanalysis is of interest.

B978 ——, ‘La Regenta a la luz del psicoanálisis’, in Actas del VI Congreso Internacional de la Asociación de Lingüística y Filología de la América Latina (Phoenix, Sept. 1981) (Mexico: UNAM, 1988), pp.985–91. Focuses on the trauma and repression of Ana Ozores’s childhood and adolescence as the psychoanalytic key to the rest of the novel.

B979 ——, ‘Tormento y La Regenta’, in her El donjuanismo en las novelas de Galdós y otros estudios, Cuadernos del Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, 21 (Mexico: UNAM, 1993), pp.127–36. Notes similarities of plot (a woman desired by two men) and character depiction (especially between Fermín de Pas and Pedro Polo) in LR and Tormento.

B980 Opisso y Viñas, Alfredo [pseud.: Carlos Mendoza], ‘Bibliografía’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 13, No.649 (8.6.1895), 366. Favourable rev. of Torrendell’s “Clarín” y su ensayo (1:B1205).

B981 ——, ‘Bibliografía. Celebridades españolas contemporáneas. I. B. Pérez Galdós, por L. Alas’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 7, No.322 (2.3.1889), 142–43. Positive rev.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B982 ——, ‘Bibliografía. Doña Berta, por Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 10, No.483 (2.4.1892), 215. Favourable rev.

B983 ——, ‘Bibliografía: Folletos literarios, III. Apolo en Pafos’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 5, No.251 (22.10.1887), 686. Favourable rev.

B984 ——, ‘Bibliografía. Folletos literarios de Clarín. Cánovas y su tiempo’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 5, No.220 (19.3.1887), 190. Positive rev.

B985 ——, ‘Bibliografía. Folletos literarios. Mis plagios’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 6, No.278 (28.4.1888), 270. An admiring rev.: ‘si uno es devorado [criticado duro] por el monstruo [LA], tiene el consuelo de decir, con el otro, que ha sido devorado por un hermoso monstruo’.

B986 ——, ‘Bibliografía. Folletos literarios. VI: Rafael Calvo y el Teatro Español, por Clarín’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 8, No.370 (1.2.1890), 75, 78. Favourable rev.: ‘es Clarín no sólo un crítico de primer orden sino también un educador como pocos, un vulgarizador de estética cuyas lecciones no serán nunca bastante encomiadas’.

B987 ——, ‘Bibliografía: Mezclilla’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 7, No.321 (23.2.1889), 126. Highly favourable rev.

B988 ——, ‘Bibliografía. La Regenta’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 3, No.109 (31.1.1885), 71. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.115–16. Favourable rev.

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Secondary Material B989 ——, ‘Bibliografía. Su único hijo.– Novela por Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 9, No.448 (1.8.1891), 482–83. Strong rev. in which he calls the novel an ‘estudio de psico-fisiología provinciana’. ‘Tiempo hace’, he writes, ‘que las más interesantes causas célebres, las monstruosidades pasionales más asombrosas, los más vergonzosos escándalos, ocurren fuera de los grandes centros. Ahí está la vieja alma española, el alma de la España cacóquima, decrépita, caduca, paralítica, de fin de siglo (de fin de siglos, mejor dicho)’.

B990 ——, ‘Bibliografía. Teresa. Ensayo dramático en un acto y en prosa … por D. Leopoldo Alas’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 13, No.644 (4.5.1895), 282–83. A measured, mixed rev., in which O. criticises LA’s theatrical inexperience and praises the figure of Teresa as a luminous Mater Dolorosa.

B991 *—— [A.O.], ‘Leopoldo Alas’, La Vanguardia (B) (14.6.1901). *Rpt. in ‘100 años de la vida del mundo’, fasc. 34 (1981), according to Tintoré, p.403 (see B1410). B992 ——, ‘Necrología: Leopoldo Alas Clarín – José Luis Pellicer’, Iris (B), 3, No.111 (22.6.1901), n. pag. Notes, admiringly, LA’s astonishing productivity; and his character, for example: ‘Era D. Leopoldo Alas amigo de sus amigos, a toda prueba’.

B993 *—— [A.O.], ‘Revista de Madrid’, Diario de Barcelona (23.6.1901). B994 Orejas, Francisco G., ‘El poder y sus metáforas en La Regenta’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.]. On the cathedral tower and Ana Ozores as images of power and the struggle for dominance between competing forces.

Orlando [pseud.]: See Lara y Pedrajas, Antonio.

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Ors, Eugenio D’, ‘Palique’, Nuevo Mundo (M), 32, No.1627 (27.3.1925), n. pag. Compares Valera and LA as critics; notes LA’s influence on other writers; and his trace in Oviedo.

B996

Ortega, José, ‘Don Fermín de Pas: un estudio “de superbia et concupiscentia catholicis”’ (1:B887). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.204–19.

B997

Ortega Munilla, José, ‘Leopoldo Alas’, El Imparcial (M) (14.6.1901), [2]. See 1:B889. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.256–62.

B998

——, ‘Los maestros. Leopoldo Alas (“Clarín”)’, La Esfera (M), 5, No.236 (6.7.1918), n. pag. Praise for Alas, whose critical spirit and intelligence are sorely needed today, O.M. says, remembering also the last time he saw LA, shortly before his death.

B999

Ortiz, Gloria M., ‘La Regenta y Fortunata y Jacinta’, Torre (Río Piedras PR), 2, No.6 (1988), 375–80. Discusses the LA-Galdós exchange of letters concerning LR. See also 1:B448.

B1000 ——, ‘El señorito literario: antecedentes y dos casos’, REH (Río Piedras PR), 9 (1982 [1984]), 181–86. The two examples described are Juanito Santa Cruz in Fortunata y Jacinta and Álvaro Mesía in LR.

B1001 *Ortiz Jiménez, Isabelle, ‘La sociedad española del siglo XIX a través de La Regenta’, Mémoire de maîtrise, Univ. de Haute Bretagne, 1971. 93 leaves, typescript. B1002 Ortiz de Pinedo, J., Viejos retratos amigos (Madrid: Sociedad General Española de Librería, 1949), pp.31, 130. Contrasts LA with Gómez de Baquero and Bernardo G. de Candamo as critics.

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Secondary Material B1003 Ossorio, Ángel, ‘Después del vil asesinato de Leopoldo Alas. Los intelectuales españoles protestan por este crimen y denuncian la calidad moral de los que luchan contra la inteligencia y la cultura’, *Ahora (M) (26.2.1937). Rpt. in Fernando Díaz-Plaja, ed., Si mi pluma valiera tu pistola. Los escritores españoles en la guerra civil (Barcelona: Plaza y Janés, 1979), pp.498–99. Protest over the death of LA’s son, executed by Franco’s forces in 1937.

B1004 Ossorio y Gallardo, Carlos, ‘Vida moderna’, Blanco y Negro (M), No.10 (12.7.1891), 147–48. Announces publication of SUH.

B1005 Oteo Sans, Ramón, ‘La primera edición de La Regenta, una muestra bibliográfica del esteticismo catalán’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.195– 200. Situates the first ed. of LR within the rich premodernist period of Catalan arts and crafts.

B1006 Otro [pseud.], ‘Libros. La Regenta’, La República (M), 2, No.370 (7.4.1885), 3. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.138–41. LR requires a slow, thoughtful reading, he says.

B1007 Oviedo. Ciudad Cultural (O), No.2 (Oct. 1990). 95 pp. Monograph dedicated to LR, subtitled: ‘La Regenta de la literatura al cine’. Anon. prol. (p.3). Contains Fernando Méndez-Leite’s script for the TV series, sequences 1–61 (Aj11). See also: B906, 937, and 1714.

B1008 Ovín de la Vega, José Manuel, ‘La aportación de un coro’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [1 p.]. Tells how the recently created coro de La Ferrería will celebrate LR’s centenary by playing music found in the novel, such as Rossini’s ‘Stabat Mater’ and the more popular, ‘Flores a María’, by Víctor Sáez, organist and professor of music, for LA’s wife.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) P. de O. [pseud.]: See Roca i Roca, Josep. P.P.A.: See Alonso, Pedro Pablo. P.R.: See Rubiera, Pilar. B1009 Padrós de Palacios, Esteban, ‘La religiosidad de Clarín’, Turia (Teruel), No.26 (Nov. 1993), 43–46. LR is not a ‘religious novel’, but the idea of God is omnipresent.

B1010 Pageard, Robert, Goethe en España. Trans. Francisco de A. Caballero (Madrid: CSIC, 1958), pp.113–16, et passim. LA as an admirer of Goethe’s works, especially Wilhelm Meister.

B1011 Palacio, Manuel del, ‘Sepan cuantos …’, in his Mi vida en prosa. Crónicas íntimas (Madrid: Victoriano Suárez, n.d.), pp.253–56. Defends himself against LA’s charge of being only half a poet, adding, ‘que no soy enemigo personal de “Clarín”’.

B1012 Palacio Valdés, Armando, ‘Correo de Madrid’, in Brian J. Dendle’s ‘Ocho artículos no recogidos de Armando Palacio Valdés publicados en revistas asturianas, 1878– 1881’, BRIDEA (O), 50, No.147 (1996), pp.126–28. Orig. in *Revista de Asturias (O) (25.3.1878). Announces a literary review, El Domingo, with LA as editor-in-chief; and notes LA’s harsh criticism of Eugenio Sellés’s play, Maldades que son justicias.

Palette, Juan: See Aullón de Haro, Pedro. B1013 Pallarés Sisón, Eva María, ‘El paraíso perdido en “Doña Berta” y otros relatos’, BRIDEA (O), 48, No.144 (1994), 423–34. Studies a pattern common to ‘Doña Berta’, ‘Boroña’, ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, and SUH: the presentation of a paradisiacal space, subsequent threatening elements, expulsion from paradise, the fall into the space of hell, and, ultimately, failure.

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Secondary Material B1014 Palls, Byron P., ‘El naturalismo de La Regenta’ (1:B910). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.150– 69. Palmerín de Oliva [pseud.]: See Ruiz Contreras, Luis. B1015 Palomo, María del Pilar, ‘Las “ocultas congruencias” clarinianas: hacia un texto total’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.873–96. Rather ambitiously attempts to pull LA’s opus into one allencompassing set of thematics, in which a victim-protagonist’s childhood loss of faith is a constant throughout his work. At times P. relies too heavily on Baquero Goyanes (lo vital vs. lo anti-vital; analysis of Frígilis, etc.), to whom this essay is dedicated. (The ‘ocultas congruencias’ of the title comes from ‘Speraindeo’.)

B1016 Pardo Bazán, Emilia, ‘Notas bibliográficas. Mezclilla’ (1:B914). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.30–33. B1017 París, Luis, ‘Otro libro de Clarín. Notas de un lector’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (12.4.1892), 1. On Doña Berta – Cuervo – Superchería. For him these stories are ‘ideas madres, bocetos, apuntes, para otros estudios’. The best of these ‘borradores’ is ‘Doña Berta’. See also B174.

B1018 Parreño, José María, ‘Prólogo’, in Cuentos del 98 (see Ad31), pp.5–7. On LA, Eugenio Noel, Ramón Pérez de Ayala, and José María Salaverría as ‘hombres del 98’.

B1019 Pau Pedrón, Antonio, ‘La idea del derecho de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’, in his Clarín, Ganivet, Azaña. Pensamiento y vivencia del Derecho, Colección Ventana Abierta (Madrid: Tecnos, 1994), pp.13–34. A thoughtful, clear presentation of LA’s ideas concerning law, which, A.P.P. argues, are less Krausist than is usually believed. LA’s factic emphasis on law as incarnated in acts and individuals in effect rejects

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) the predominantly metaphysical, abstract approach of Krausism towards law. See also pp.9–11, 135–36.

B1020 Paya Bernabé, José, ‘Ignorados artículos de Martínez Ruiz en El Motín’, Anales Azorinianos (Monóvar, Alicante), No.3 (1986), 81–117. Inter alia, on the LA-Azorín literary relationship. See B866.

B1021 Pelegrín, Benito, ‘Doña Ana en la cama, la Regenta en el diván’ (1:B924). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.272–98. B1022 Peña [pseud.], ‘Entierro de “Clarín”’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (16.6.1901), [1]. On the funeral, ‘acto [que] ha revestido todos los caracteres de una verdadera manifestación de duelo’.

B1023 ——, ‘Entierro de Leopoldo Alas’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (15.6.1901), [2]. Funeral notice.

B1024 Peña, Nicolás M., ‘Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, La Revista de Chile (Santiago), 6 (Jan.–June 1901), 246–48. An obituary, written by an admirer of LA’s fighting, open spirit, his tolerance and his manias.

B1025 Peña, Vidal, ‘Algunas retóricas de La Regenta’ (1:B925). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín (see B383), pp.115–25. B1026 Peña y Goñi, Antonio, ‘Cuyadas’, Madrid Cómico, 9, No.315 (2.3.1889), 3, 6. A response to a ‘Palique’ publ. in MC, 23.2.1889, in which LA criticised the use of a grammatical expression (‘cuya consecuencia’) in Peña y Goñi. (LA answered in another ‘Palique’, MC, 9.3.1889.)

B1027 ——, ‘Instrumentación’, Madrid Cómico, 9, No.317 (16.3.1889), 3, 6. The dispute over the correct usage of ‘cuyo’ continues.

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Secondary Material B1028 *Peña-Marín, Cristina, Identidad y relaciones sociales: un análisis de ‘La Regenta’ (Madrid: El Arquero, 19–?). B1029 ——, ‘Ironía y violencia’, La Balsa de la Medusa (M), Nos 10–11 (1989), 23–51. Focusing on the duplicity and non-objectivity of language, author tries to integrate the complex use of irony and free indirect discourse in LR into her discussion of the theories of Bakhtin, Rorty, Goffman, et al, concerning the perception of other persons and other cultures.

B1030 *——, ‘La Regenta, documento histórico contemporáneo. Metodología y análisis de las relaciones sociales’, unpubl. diss., Univ. Complutense de Madrid, 1987. B1031 ——, ‘Subjectivity and Temporality in Narrative’ (Trans. Frances Meuser-Blincow), in Critical Practices in PostFranco Spain, ed. Silvia L. López, Jenaro Talens, & Darío Villanueva (Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota Press, 1994), pp.129–42. Analyses passages of self-narration by Fermín de Pas, in which the voices of the narrator in LR and of the character tend, in free indirect style, to merge; narrated time and the time of events also become confused. Using Ricoeur’s idea that identity is narrative, P.-M. in addition suggests that ‘the construction of identity is not a linear or continuous process, but a constant displacement of elements of itself that the subject recognizes’.

B1032 Peñaranda, Rafael, et al, ‘Sr. Director de La Época’, in M.A. Serrano Monteavaro’s ‘El conflicto de la Marina con “Clarín”’ (see B1309), pp.190–91. Orig. publ. in La Época (M) (26.9.1895), an open letter from several naval officers to the director of the Heraldo de Madrid (who refused to publish it), complaining about LA’s harsh criticism of the Spanish Navy in a ‘Palique’ (25.9.1895).

B1033 Peraire Vidal, Roberto, ‘La Regenta’, Colección Resumen y Comentarios, 35 (Río Piedras PR: Editorial Edil, 1985). 95 pp. A study guide for university students. Gives the plot of LR, lists

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) characters, and touches upon narrative techniques and themes. As in Baquero Goyanes’s ed. (1:Ac19), includes an ‘Índice de personajes’.

B1034 Peralta, Víctor Julio, ‘Prólogo’, in El centauro (see Ad17), pp.7–13. General introduction.

B1035 Percival, Anthony, Galdós and His Critics (Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1985), pp.12–13, 63–64, 129, 173–74, 181–84, 186–87, 191–93, 195, 198–99, 249–50, et passim. Reviews LA’s opinions of Galdós’s novels and plays.

B1036 Pereda, José María de, Letter to Narcís Oller. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), p.301. In this fragment, dated 9.11.1885, P., like F.B. Navarro (see B943), praises Oller’s novels as ‘bien acreditadas’, to be judged apart from LR.

B1037 ——, ‘[Carta a “Clarín”]’, Madrid Cómico, 18, No.790 (9.4.1898), 287. On Juan Ochoa’s Un alma de Dios (in a letter dated 2.4.1898, which LA inserts in a ‘Palique’).

B1038 Perés [y Perés], R[amón] D[omingo], ‘Un drama de Clarín’, La Vanguardia (B) (13.4. 1895), 4. A thoughtful rev. of Teresa, in which he highlights its merits and defects; and suggests that the critical and popular response was largely disrespectful of LA’s worth.

B1039 *——, ‘Hojeando libros’, La Vanguardia (B) (5.7.1901). B1040 ——, ‘Pequeñeces. Teresa en Barcelona’, La Vanguardia (B) (26.6.1895), 4. P. rejects the suggestion that Teresa was a claque-manufactured success in Barcelona.

B1041 Pérez de Ayala, Ramón, ‘[Clarín y don Leopoldo Alas]’ (1:B934). Rpt. as ‘Prólogo’, in Su único hijo (see Ac39),

238

Secondary Material pp.ix–xx. Extracted in Leopoldo Alas universitario (see B516), pp.242–49. B1042 ——, ‘Don Juan’, Las máscaras, O.C., III, ed. J. García Mercadal (Madrid: Aguilar, 1966), pp.170–75. Uses the theatre scene in Ch. XVI of LR to talk about seeing Zorrilla’s Don Juan as a fresh, first-time experience and about the seductiveness of Don Juan’s character.

B1043 Pérez Carrera, José Manuel, Andrenio: Gómez de Baquero y la crítica literaria de su época (Madrid: Turner/Ayuntamiento de Madrid, 1991), pp.181–83, 218– 19, 227–28, et passim. On Andrenio’s high opinion of LA as a critic and his short-sighted view of him as a novelist.

B1044 Pérez de Castro, J.[osé] L[uis], ‘Don Aniceto Sela como fundador de “El Folklore Asturiano”’, RDTP, 27 (1971), 49–79. Pp.53, 56–58, 61–62, 68, 73–76 deal with failed efforts to recruit Alas into a new folklore society.

B1045 ——, Los estudios de folklore en Asturias (Oviedo: Ayalga Ediciones, 1984), pp.32–36, 39, 42–45. On the same subject as B1044.

B1046 Pérez Ferrero, Miguel [pseud.: Donald], ‘La Regenta, novela de “Clarín”, en la pantalla’ (1:B330). B1047 Pérez Galdós, Benito, ‘Prólogo’ (1:B952). Rpt. in *La Publicidad (B) (3–4.6.1901); in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ (1884–1984) (see B302), pp.102–8; in LR, I (see Ac3), pp.11–21; in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.322–34; in LR (see Ac13), pp.3– 14; and in LR (see Ac27), pp.3–14. ——: See also Armas Ayala, Alfonso.

239

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1048 Pérez Gutiérrez, Francisco, Renan en España (Religión, ética y política) (Madrid: Taurus, 1988), pp.162–81, 228– 30; 295–98, et passim. Reviews the significant, if contradictory, influence of Renan on LA’s idealism and scepticism.

Pérez Minik, Domingo: See Ac3. B1049 Pérez-Rasilla Bayo, E[duardo], & J[uan] M[anuel] Joya Torres, ‘La Regenta’, in their Obras claves de la narrativa española (Madrid: Ciclo Editorial, 1990), pp.158–62. Analysis of the plot, themes, characters, structure and style, reception and influence of LR.

B1050 Pérez Villanueva, Joaquín, Ramón Menéndez Pidal. Su vida y su tiempo (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1991), pp.32, 45– 47, 113–14, 119–20, et passim. On LA’s attacks against members of the Pidal family (Juan and Ramón), his political enemies.

B1051 Permanyer, Lluís, ‘Regenta barcelonesa’, La Vanguardia (B) (23.5.1984), 21. Comments on the first ed. of LR, published in Barcelona.

B1052 *Peyró Carrió, Felipe, ‘Madrid. Leopoldo Alas’, El Mercantil Valenciano (17.10.1902). B1053 Picón, Jacinto Octavio, ‘La Regenta. Novela de Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’ (1:B961). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.120–26. B1054 Piñeiro Sanjurjo, Valentín, ‘El paisaje como contrapunto’, La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (20.6.1985), n. pag. Landscape in LR acts as another frame to the novel, in counterpoint to the urban setting.

B1055 Piquero, Alberto, ‘La poderosa vigencia de Clarín’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (12.5.1994), 49. An interview with Noël Valis, on the narrative significance and power of LR.

240

Secondary Material Plácido [pseud.]: See Heras, Dionisio de las. B1056 Plans, Juan José, ‘“Cuento futuro” y la ciencia-ficción de Clarín’, EstLit (M), No.418 (15.4.1969), 12–13. Suggests ‘Cuento futuro’ as a precursor of twentieth-century science fiction, but does not develop the idea.

B1057 ——, ‘La gran muralla’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [4 pp.]. Labelled a ‘ficción de ficción’, this free verse poem takes its inspiration from Ch. III of LR, the description of Ana Ozores as an artist’s model.

B1058 Plauderir [pseud.], ‘…Como me lo contaron te lo cuento’, Lecturas (B), 8, No.87 (Aug. 1928), 936–39. An anecdote illustrating LA’s quick wit.

B1059 Poblet, Fernando, ‘El jubileo actual’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [1 p.]. An ironic view of LA’s rising star in 1984 as juxtaposed to presentday provincialism.

B1060 Polo de Bernabé, José Manuel, ‘Mito y símbolo en la estructuración de La Regenta’ (1:B964). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.401–14. B1061 Pons, F., ‘El Simposio sobre Clarín y La Regenta “murió” a la misma hora que Quintanar’, La Nueva España (O) (2.12.1984), 5. Summarises Alarcos Llorach’s paper given at the Oviedo Symposium.

B1062 Pons y Umbert, Adolfo, ‘Clarín’, in his Vagando. Colección de artículos (Madrid: Hijos de M.G. Hernández, 1903), pp.61–65. A reader’s personal reflections on the influence LA’s works had on his formative years. Dated June 1901.

241

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1063 Pope, Randolph D., ‘Las sirenas de Vario y la visión de Clarín’, RHM, 48 (1995), 106–13. In the story ‘Vario’, LA attempts to unite life and death, being and nothingness, feeling and intellect, writing and its erasure, into a single vision.

B1064 Portela, Juan A., ‘[Críticas al general Aranda]’, El País (M) (6.3.1979), 9–10. In the letters section, P. declares that it was under General Aranda’s command that LA’s son was shot in 1937. See also B461.

B1065 Posada, Adolfo, ‘De Alas adentro’ (1:B969). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.231–34. B1066 ——, ‘De “Vetusta” a Oviedo’, in his Para América desde España (Paris: Paul Ollendorff, 1910), pp.217–29. Dated Oviedo, 26.9.1907. Points out that Oviedo, the model for LA’s fictional city, is now a modernized, much changed Vetusta.

B1067 *——, ‘Leopoldo Alas Clarín. Fragmentos biográficos (De un libro en preparación)’, Verba (Gijón), 2 (Feb. 1926), 23–24. B1068 ——, ‘Nota introductoria’, in La lucha por el derecho, by Rudolph von Jhering. Presentación, by Luis Díez-Picazo. Prólogo, by LA (Madrid: Cívitas, 1985), pp.17–19. Dated 8 Apr. 1921. Explains how LA encouraged him to translate von Jhering, promising a prologue.

B1069 ——, ‘Sinfonía asturiana’, in Para América desde España (see B1066), pp.204–16. On the unfinished project, ‘Tambor y gaita’; and the character, Manín de Pepa José. Essay dated Avilés-Salinas, 1 Aug. 1906.

B1070 Poupard, Dennis, & Paula Kepos, ed., ‘Leopoldo Alas (y Ureña) 1852–1901’, in their Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, XXIX (Detroit: Gale Research Inc., 1988), pp.1–35. Rpts in excerpted form the following: B85, 211, 218, 380, 394, 1195,

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Secondary Material 1222, 1407, 1527, 1739; and complete (less notes): B1476. With annotated bibliography; and introd. (pp.1–2).

B1071 Poveda, Julio, ‘Clarín’, Gente Conocida (M), 1, No.18 (11.12.1900), 9. ‘Atacar a “Clarín” ha estado siempre de moda entre los que para darse a conocer necesitan recurrir a malas artes.’

B1072 Prado, Javier del, ‘Lo que Clarín dice y lo que acalla en su traducción de Zola’, in Traducción y adaptación cultural: España-Francia, ed. María Luisa Donaire & Francisco Lafarga (Oviedo: Univ., 1991), pp.175–88. Interesting article on how LA situates himself, in the prologue and in the translation itself, with regard to Zola’s Travail, a work whose radical ideological and symbolic significance Clarín did not altogether understand.

B1073 Pratt, Dale J., ‘Frígilis and Decorative Science in La Regenta’, AGald, 27–28 (1992–93), 131–43. Analyses Frígilis as a Bakhtinian ‘character zone’ who ratifies the narrator’s ironic critique and who represents ‘the artistic image of scientific language in a heteroglot world’.

B1074 *——, ‘Literary Images of Spanish Science Since 1868’, unpubl. diss., Cornell Univ., 1995. 262 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 55, No.12 (1995), 3863A. On the ideological and aesthetic functions of science as a modernizing discourse in LR and other texts.

B1075 Préneron Vinche, Paula, El influjo de Sade en Flaubert y Clarín (Alicante: Univ., 1996). 225 pp. An unconvincing analysis of the Marquis de Sade’s influence on LA’s two novels. P.P.V. simplistically pits Clarín the ‘Christian moralist’ against the perverse universe of de Sade, but nowhere shows adequately why the animal imagery, sexual anomalies, and emphasis on voluptuosidad are uniquely Sadean.

B1076 ——, ‘Madame Bovary’–‘La Regenta’. Parodia y contraste (Murcia: Univ., 1996). 330 pp. Argues rather reductively that LR is a deliberate anti-Madame Bovary

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) and that LA is a moralist who condemns the false romanticism of Flaubert’s character, as well as the French influence on Spanish culture and morals. This reading turns Clarín into a rather limited traditionalist.

B1077 *——, ‘La Regenta’. (Contra novela de ‘Madame Bovary’) (Alicante: Ed. Club Universitario, 1995). 500 pp. Also: *(San Vicente, Alicante: Gamma, 1995). 344 pp. B1078 P[rieto] de la T[orre], S[ecundino], ‘La velada’, in En memoria del homenaje que al excmo novelista Armando Palacio Valdés dedicaron el jueves 5 de abril de 1906 los alumnos de la Universidad de Oviedo, ed. Secundino Prieto de la Torre, José R. Pérez Bances, & Benito Eguiagaray Malgor (Gijón: Compañía Asturiana de Artes Gráficas, [1906]), pp.26–30. Comments on Pío González Rubín’s memories (see B594), of Tomás Tuero, Palacio Valdés, G.R., and LA reading aloud together Victor Hugo’s Les Misérables; and sees parallels between LA’s use of satire and P.V.’s.

B1079 Proaño, Franklin, ‘Cambios de identidad en Ana Ozores’ (1:B981). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.250–57. B1080 *Publicidad (La) (B) (23.7.1901). Homage to LA, with articles by Félix de Aramburu, Francisco Giner de los Ríos, Santiago Valentí Camp, Adolfo Posada, Rafael Altamira, and Aniceto Sela.

B1081 Quesada, Luis, La novela española y el cine (Madrid: Ediciones JC, 1986), pp.102–8. Compares LR with the 1974 film version, which L.Q. calls a ‘película de productor’, with a weak script; also comments on the film adaptation of ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, made in 1966–67 and shown in 1969.

B1082 Quesnel, Léo, ‘La Littérature contemporaine en Espagne’, La Nouvelle Revue (Paris), 72 (1891), 547–68. On SUH: ‘sérieux, profond et fort’.

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Secondary Material B1083 ——, ‘La Littérature contemporaine en Espagne’, La Nouvelle Revue (Paris), 78 (1892), 118–41. A favourable rev. of Ensayos y revistas.

B1084 ——, ‘La Littérature espagnole’, La Nouvelle Revue (Paris), 54 (1888), 378–97. Pp.386–87: on Nueva campaña. Q. sees insatiable curiosity and artistic perfectionism in LA.

B1085 ——, ‘Revue des publications espagnoles’, La Nouvelle Revue (Paris), 45 (1887), 736–53. Fermín de Pas as ‘un prêtre de la décadence’.

B1086 Quiñonero, Juan Pedro, ‘“Clarín” despierta del injusto sueño de los justos en la lengua de Molière’, ABC (M) (12.9.1987), 44. On the French translation of LR, in which Q. notes that French critics mistakenly think LR is an ‘isolated’ case of nineteenth-century Spanish realism.

Quiñones, Fernando: See Ad15. B1087 *Quintanilla, José María [pseud.: Pedro Sánchez], ‘Gacetilla – Adhesión y protesta’, El Atlántico (Santander) (8.5.1890). On LA’s ‘Pompas y vanidades’, Madrid Cómico (3.5.1890).

B1088 ——, ‘Gacetilla. Su único hijo’, El Atlántico (Santander) (23.8.1891), [1–2]. Rpt. in J.M. González Herrán’s ‘Una reseña olvidada de SUH’ (see B588), pp.357–63. Unlike much critical reaction to SUH, this is a very appreciative rev. SUH is, he says, ‘una novela excelente excelentísima, de gran mérito, pero no gusta ni puede gustar a los que no tienen formado el oído’.

B1089 ——, ‘Gacetilla. Tres novelas cortas’, El Atlántico (Santander) (29.2.1892), [1]. Comments very favourably on Doña Berta – Cuervo – Superchería as examples of ‘realismo espiritualista’.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1090 R., ‘Boletín bibliográfico. Folletos literarios. VII. Museum, por Clarín’, Revista Contemporánea (M), 79 (15.8.1890), 335–36. Brief rev.

B1091 R.S., ‘La adaptación teatral de La Regenta será presentada en Oviedo en 1984’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (4.9.1983), 10. Álvaro Custodio’s adaptation, produced at the Real Coliseo Carlos III de El Escorial a few days before, will be presented in Oviedo as well.

B1092 Rad, José Manuel, ‘Martínez Cachero recopila cuentos de Leopoldo Alas’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (27.5.1987), 8. M.C. comments on his ed. of Cuentos (see Ad22).

B1093 Ramoneda, Arturo, ‘Álbum’, in La Regenta (see Ac32), pp.1–81 (separately paged). A chronology of LA’s life and works, through text and illustrations.

B1094 Ramos, Vicente, Rafael Altamira (Madrid/Barcelona: Alfaguara, 1968), pp.102–3. Cites from two letters written by the Álvarez Quintero brothers to R.A. (14, 19.6.1901), in which the subject is LA’s death.

B1095 Ramos González, Rosario, ‘La política de los fluidos: colonialismo, y saberes del cuerpo, en sor Juana Inés de la Cruz y Paula Raíces’, unpubl. diss., Johns Hopkins Univ., 1998. 174 pp. Abstracted in DAI 60, No.2 (Aug. 1999), 443A. A subtle and suggestive analysis of the colonial presence and imperial mind-set in LR, seen through the metaphor of fluidity. R.G. concentrates especially on the figure and meaning of Paula Raíces and of Fermín de Pas, as symbolic and metaphoric constructs of the indiano.

Rata Sabia [pseud.]: See Roca i Roca, Josep.

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Secondary Material B1096 Rebustiello [pseud.], ‘Acuñadas medallas para conmemorar La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (16.9.1984), 16. Describes the medal honouring LA, designed by Francisco de Castro, and issued in a numbered, limited ed. of 1,000. See Aj50.

B1097 ——, ‘Homenaje del Ayuntamiento de Oviedo a Jaime Salinas’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (14.6.1985), 9. Words of praise for Salinas, who fomented the translation of LR into different languages and the exhibit of Clariniana at the Biblioteca Nacional. Alfonso Guerra spoke on the personal impact of LR.

B1098 ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (Oviedo: Miguel Ángel Lombardía, 1984). [74 pp., with 14 pp. illus.]. Modification of 1:B1447. See B8, 46, 68, 124, 235, 282, 320, 341, 418–19, 445, 496, 502, 557, 571, 611, 752, 885, 894, 994, 1008, 1057, 1059, 1323, 1324, and 1404. B1099 Reinholtz, Eric L., ‘The Immolation of the Author in Clarín’s “Pipá”: A Naturalist Allegory for Cultural Production in Nineteenth-Century Spain’, JAISA, 2, No.2 (1997), 35–43. A somewhat forced attempt to read LA’s story as ‘an ideological statement on the status of the writer in Restoration Spain’.

B1100 *——, ‘The Re-Creation of the Author in the Narrative of Clarín’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Florida, 1996. 287 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 58, No.7 (1998), 2686A. Uses Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of cultural production to examine the relationship between artistic consecration and economic market success.

B1101 Rentz, Mariano, ‘Perfiles. I. Notas literarias’, La Unión (M) (29.9.1887), [1–2]. Attacks Apolo en Pafos.

B1102 ——, ‘Perfiles. II’, La Unión (M) (30.9.1887), [1–2]. Continues his attack.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1103 ——, ‘Perfiles. Notas literarias’, La Unión (M) (6.10.1887), [1–2]. Prefers Antonio Sánchez Pérez as a critic to LA.

B1104 ——, ‘Perfiles. Notas sueltas’, La Unión (M) (4.10.1887), [1]. LA is ‘un infeliz ambicioso de notoriedad, y creo que también de dinero’.

B1105 Resina, Joan Ramon, ‘La ambigüedad temporal en Su único hijo’, NRFH, 39 (1991), 1025–49. Discusses the subjective nature of time in SUH as both Flaubertian and bourgeois, suggesting that subjective duration and the suppression of history reinforce, paradoxically, the realism of the novel.

B1106 ——, ‘Tiempo mítico y “tajada de vida” en Su único hijo, novela de “Clarín”’, RCEH, 14 (1989), 95–116. Argues that there is a disjunction between the narrator, who works towards open-endedness, and the protagonist, who seeks closure.

Revenga, Luis: See Amorós, Andrés (B56). B1107 *Revilla, Federico, ‘La Regenta en imágenes’, Melibea, No.0 (1995), 1–2. B1108 *Revista Popular (La) (O) (30.11.1901). Número extraordinario dedicado ‘Al Maestro de Maestros Leopoldo Alas (“Clarín”)’. B1109 Revuelta Sañudo, Manuel, ed., Epistolario. Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo, 15 vols (Madrid: Fundación Universitaria Española, 1982–87). See the Índice de nombres y temas, and especially vols II, III, VI–XV, et passim, for LA material. See also Af13.

B1110 Rey Faraldos, Gloria, ‘Jacinta: un diálogo con el “bovarysmo”’, ABC (M), No.315 (14.2.1987), xii. In comparing Emma Bovary and Ana Ozores to Galdós’s Jacinta, R.F. suggests that the discrepancy between the real and the illusory is overcome only in Jacinta’s case.

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Secondary Material B1111 Richmond, Carolyn, ‘Análisis de un personaje secundario de La Regenta: Don Saturnino Bermúdez’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.329–52. Notes parallels between LA himself and his character creation; literary antecedents for Don Saturnino; and his ambiguous role as both insider and outsider within the narrative.

B1112 ——, ‘“Clarín”, proyectos novelescos y relatos cortos’, in Siglo XIX, II, ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar, Historia de la literatura española, IX, gen. ed. Víctor García de la Concha (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1998), pp.611–23. Traces the trajectory and development of LA’s short-story writing.

B1113 ——, ‘Clarín y el teatro: el cuento de un crítico’ (1:B1026). Rpt. in ‘Vario’ … y varia (see Ad43), pp.97– 122. B1114 ——, ‘Los clásicos en la obra de Clarín’, in La ínsula sin nombre (Madrid: Orígenes, 1990), pp.115–19. Reviews LA’s defence of the classical tradition and its lamented contemporary decay.

B1115 ——, ‘Conexiones temáticas y estilísticas entre el libro Pipá y La Regenta de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.229–50. Gives a detailed study of themes, techniques, and characters found in Pipá which anticipate and probably contributed to the making of LR. Also analyses the chronology and composition of Pipá, as well as the possible connections between narrator and author.

B1116 ——, ‘Los demonios de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”: una indagación musical’, Hispania, 81 (1998), 853–63. Traces the Faustian, or demonic, character of LA’s writings, as mediated through the operas of Gounod, Boïto and Meyerbeer, in several stories, the novels, and unfinished projects like ‘Una medianía’.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1117 ——, ‘“Un documento” (vivo, literario y crítico)’ (1:B1028). Rpt. in ‘Vario’ … y varia (see Ad43), pp.77– 96. B1118 ——, ‘“Las dos cajas” de Clarín y otras dos de Marsillach’ (1:B1440). Rpt. in ‘Vario’ … y varia (see Ad43), pp.135–49. B1119 ——, ‘En torno al vacío. La mujer, idea hecha carne de ficción, en La Regenta de Clarín’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España (see B745), pp.341–67. Discusses her dissatisfaction with the character and creation of Ana Ozores, for being an unlived, intellectual analysis of a female character, in which LA presents Ana as a ‘case study’, didactically, to his reading public.

B1120 ——, ‘El escritor y la casada: un comentario al cuento “Rivales”, de “Clarín”’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.127–31. Rpt. in ‘Vario’ … y varia (see Ad43), pp.123–33. An interesting commentary on the multi-layered role of reading and readers in this short story.

B1121 ——, ‘Experiencias operáticas en La Regenta: Il Barbiere di Siviglia y el Fausto’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.108–19. Traces allusions to these two operas in various works pre-dating LR, noting that Gounod and Rossini utilized plot situations dear to LA: the marriage of unequals (el viejo y la niña) and the frustrated sabio.

B1122 ——, ‘La figura del escritor en un cuento clariniano: el romano Vario’, in ‘Vario’ … y varia (see Ad43), pp.17– 76. A sensitive examination of the parallels between LA and the protagonist-poet Lucius Varius Rufus, noting their mutual inner search for meaning and the vital significance of writing for both. The story ‘Vario’ also reflects LA’s love of the classics.

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Secondary Material B1123 ——, ‘Gérmenes de La Regenta en tres cuentos de Clarín’ (1:B1032). Rpt. in Actas del VIII Congreso de la Asociación Internacional de Hispanistas, II, ed. A. David Kossoff, José Amor y Vázquez, Ruth H. Kossoff, & Geoffrey W. Ribbans (Madrid: Ediciones Istmo, 1986), pp.499–506. B1124 ——, ‘Las ideas de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”, sobre la mujer en sus escritos previos a La Regenta’, in Homenaje al profesor Antonio Vilanova, II, coord. Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez; ed. Marta Cristina Carbonell (Barcelona: Univ./PPU, 1989), pp.523–39. A chronological tracing of LA’s nearly misogynist posture in early articles and stories.

B1125 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Su único hijo (see Ac35), pp.9– 39. Incorporates recent bibliography on LA into her revised introd.

B1126 ——, ‘Juan Ruiz al descubierto: un inédito de Leopoldo Alas’, Ínsula, Nos 470–71 (Jan.-Feb. 1986), 12, 26. Comments on the multiple narrative voices and hints of LA’s more mature works present in this curious but suggestive piece of juvenilia.

B1127 ——, ‘Juan Ruiz, o el vehículo de aprendizaje literario de Leopoldo Alas’, CHA, No.448 (Oct. 1987), 112–18. Rpt. as ‘Juan Ruiz, or Leopoldo Alas’s Literary Apprenticeship’ in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.183–92. On the various ‘voices’ or early character/narrator developments attempted by a youthful Clarín in his in-house newspaper (1868–69).

B1128 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Cuentos completos (see Ad27), pp.13– 65. Overview and trajectory of LA’s career.

B1129 ——, ‘La Regenta, mirada y vista’ (1:B1041). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.352–57.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1130 ——, ‘Relatos para casi todos los gustos’ (1:B1043). Rpt. as ‘A modo de preámbulo: Clarín a través de sus relatos’, in ‘Vario’ … y varia (see Ad43), pp.11–13. B1131 Rico [pseud.], ‘Ventanal. Un amigo y un enemigo de Clarín’, La Nueva España (O) (11.4.1954), 8. On the LA-Azorín literary friendship and the LA-Bonafoux enmity.

B1132 Rico, Eduardo G., ‘Escritores asturianos. Leopoldo Alas, Clarín’, Asturamérica (O), Nos 6–7 (1954), n. pag. [1 p.]. Makes note of recent re-evaluation of LA’s work.

B1133 Rico-Avello, Carlos, ‘Aspectos psicosexuales en La Regenta’, BIDEA (O), 39, No.116 (1985), 841–72. A description of psychological quirks in Ana, Fermín, Álvaro Mesía, and Víctor Quintanar.

B1134 Riera, A., ‘Crítica de críticos’, El Gato Negro (B), 1, No.7 (26.2.1898), n. pag. Sees Clarín’s harshness as proof of a failed novelist.

B1135 Riera, Carme, ‘Ana sólo quería un cuento’, La Vanguardia (B) (20.3.1984), 44. Focuses on the childhood episode of Ana and Germán, as a prefiguration of the heroine’s disastrous adult life.

B1136 ——, Cuestión de amor propio (Barcelona: Tusquets, 1988), pp.28–29, 31. In this novel, first publ. in Catalan in 1987, C.R. cleverly comments on LR’s eroticism all the while using LA’s work as an intertextual incitation to her characters.

B1137 Río, Ángel del, Historia de la literatura española, II (Barcelona: Bruguera, 1982), pp.313–16, 318–22, et passim. Also, 1985; 1988. See 1:B1046. B1138 Riofranco, ‘¡De obispos es errar!’, *Las Dominicales del Libre Pensamiento (M), 3, No.120 (24.5.1885). Rpt. in

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Secondary Material ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.345–46. Predictably, R. goes after Bishop Martínez Vigil for attacking LR as immoral.

B1139 Rioja, Eugenio de, ‘Ayalga remonta la crisis y prepara una edición de toda la obra de Clarín’, La Nueva España (O) (4.9.1983), 18. Despite the closing of the Latin-American market, Ayalga promises a six-vol. O.C. (It didn’t appear.)

B1140 ——, ‘Posada y el escándalo de la aparición de La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (27.5.1983), 6. On Adolfo Posada’s LA-related comments in his Fragmentos de mis memorias (1:B971).

B1141 Riopérez y Milá, Santiago, ‘Clarín, a través de sus cartas. El autor de La Regenta fue un crítico duro y un novelista humilde’, Ya (M) (20.8.1981), 30. On the LA-Galdós correspondence and LR.

B1142 ——, ‘“Clarín” y “Azorín”: relaciones literarias y personales (Nuevas aportaciones documentales)’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.201– 15. The new part refers to a previously unpubl. letter, another only partly reproduced before, and extracts from others. See also Af 9 –10.

B1143 ——, ‘Comienzos literarios de “Azorín” en Madrid’, CHA, No.138 (June 1961), 290–303. Pp.294–95, 298 deal with LA’s favourable reaction to Azorín’s first articles in El País in 1896 and his book, Charivari, in 1897.

B1144 ——, ‘Cuatro cartas inéditas entre Leopoldo Alas y Azorín’, Ya (M) (23.8.1981), 35. Three letters to Azorín (13.1.1897; 16.4.1900; and 13.2.1899); and one letter to LA (8.11.1898 [?]). See also Af9.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1145 *Rippon, Maria Rose, ‘Whose Crime and Whose Punishment? Adultery in the Nineteenth-Century Novel’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 1997. 261 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 58, No.8 (1998), 3122A. The naturalist tenets of heredity and milieu mitigate societal condemnation of Ana’s adulterous behavior in LR.

B1146 Rivas Andrés, Victoriano, ‘Una conferencia de “Clarín” en Gijón’, El Comercio (Gijón) (18.11.1984), 29. Comments on LA’s talk given at the Círculo de la Unión Mercantil e Industrial, Gijón, on 20 Jan. 1900. The theme was ‘El materialismo económico’. Also cites liberally from local papers, their reaction to LA’s conferencia.

B1147 ——, ‘Crónica apresurada de un libro nuevo’, El Comercio (Gijón) (30.5.1987), 22. On the presentation of Ad22.

B1148 ——, ‘“Me nacieron en Zamora”. Circunstancias y puntualizaciones’, Anuario Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos ‘Florián de Ocampo’ (1985), 825–38. Rpt. in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.217–29. Reproduces LA’s birth certificate (first publ. in a letter from LA to Ramos Carrión [see Af19]), and other documents concerning the Clarín-Zamora connection. See also B1708.

B1149 ——, ‘La Regenta, mesa redonda en Madrid’, El Comercio (Gijón) (23.11.1984), 46. Reports on a round-table at the Centro Asturiano de Madrid. The speakers were: Francisco Ynduráin, who spoke on Fermín de Pas; J.M. Martínez Cachero, on LR as a roman à clef; Antonio Prieto, on LR’s vitalismo and modernity; and Álvaro Custodio, on his dramatization of LR and LA’s Teresa.

B1150 Rivera Hernández, Norma A., ‘La dualidad en “Superchería”: una novela corta de “Clarín”’, Dactylus (Austin TX), No.11 (1991), 43–46. Goes over the thematic polarities of LA’s story and suggests that the unresolved nature of the ending may not be so problematic as it appears.

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Secondary Material B1151 Rivkin, Laura, ‘Clarín’s “Cuesta abajo”: Anticipating Proust’, MLS, 16 (1986), 255–63. L.R. makes clear Clarín’s lack of confidence in his own work, reflected in the self-doubting narrator, Narciso Arroyo.

B1152 ——, ‘El ideal musical de Clarín’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.68–75. Rpt. as ‘Clarín’s Musical Ideal’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.205–20. Focuses on three stories, ‘Las dos cajas’, ‘Cambio de luz’, and ‘Viaje redondo’, to show how the problem of representing the ineffable takes on an increasingly linguistic dimension, by stressing the analogies between music and language. Under the influence of Schopenhauerian metaphysics, says L.R., music becomes more spiritualized, as in ‘Viaje redondo’. A densely suggestive article.

B1153 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Cuesta abajo y otros relatos (see Ad32), pp.9–18. B1154 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Cuesta abajo y otros relatos (see Ad32), pp.29–81. B1155 ——, ‘Melodramatic Plotting in Clarín’s La Regenta’, RQ, 33 (1986), 191–200. Rpt. as ‘El argumento melodramático de La Regenta’, in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.358–70. A suggestive article on the role of coincidence, chance, intrigue, and diabolical forces in the creation of plot as ‘an artifice-accompanied disturbance of the middle ground of realism’.

B1156 ——, ‘Seeing, Painting, and Picturing in La Regenta’, HR, 55 (1987), 301–22. L.R. contends that Clarín’s use of the visual and the plastic in LR reveals a debased fictional world, which derealizes ‘the illusion of the real’. She then suggests that the visual techniques of LR ‘signal moral and functional inadequacies in a literary aesthetic based on observation’. While sensitively delineated, the argument is flawed by her confusing the author with his fictional world, and LA’s critique of society with his technique of literary illusion. The real-world referent always inserts itself within illusion as a form of allusion. Unlike Clarín himself, she seems to forget that all aesthetic mimesis is a

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) mimesis of appearances, even nineteenth-century realism. The fact that LA’s novelistic universe is debased does not inevitably lead to the conclusion that the novel in its realistic form is also debased.

B1157 Robin, Claire-Nicole, ‘Análisis de correspondencias: textos de 1882 sobre el naturalismo’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España (see B745), pp.118–32. Uses texts like ‘Del naturalismo’, the prologue to La cuestión palpitante, and others to highlight statistically, with minimal useful results, key words and phrases.

B1158 Rocamora, José, ‘Un pensador menos. Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’ (1:B1058). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.274–88. B1159 Roca i Roca, Josep [pseud.: P. de O.], ‘Crónica’, La Esquella de la Torratxa (B), No.858 (21.6.1895), 386. Defends passionately the social message of Teresa.

B1160 ——, ‘Crónica’, La Esquella de la Torratxa (B), No.982 (19.8. 1897), 690–91. Thinks the Univ. de Barcelona needs a professor like LA in its law school.

B1161 —— [pseud.: Rata Sabia], ‘Llibres’, La Esquella de la Torratxa (B), No.471 (21.1.1888), 39. Labels superficial Clarín y sus folletos, by M. García Rey (1:B474).

B1162 ——, ‘La semana en Barcelona’, La Vanguardia (B) (23.6.1895), 4. Compares the theatre audiences of Madrid and Barcelona. Madrid’s tastes are behind the times. Barcelona understood Teresa, Madrid didn’t. LA also has more friends in Barcelona than in Madrid.

B1163 Rodas, J., ‘Cosas del oficio’, Madrid Alegre, 2, No.19 (8.2.1890), 3. A satiric poem praising critic LA’s harsh honesty: ‘¡Si hubiera más Clarines / no sobrarían tantos Bobadillas!’

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Secondary Material B1164 Rodgers, Eamonn, From Enlightenment to Realism: The Novels of Galdós 1870–1887 (Dublin: Jack Hade & Co., 1987), pp.131–34. LA’s view of Galdós largely coincides with E.R.’s in his conclusion.

B1165 Rodiek, Christoph, ‘Probleme der vergleichenden Rangbestimmung literarischer Werke (Effi Briest, La Regenta, O primo Basílio)’, Neohelicon, 15 (1988), 275– 300. While focusing on the symbolic use of theatre in these three works, C.R. emphasizes the importance of historical and national context in understanding literary works within a comparatist framework.

B1166 Rodó, José Enrique, ‘Correspondencia - Con Leopoldo Alas’ (1:B1060–61). Rpt. in his O.C., 2nd ed., ed. Emir Rodríguez Monegal (Madrid: Aguilar, 1967), pp.1322–28. B1167 ——, ‘La crítica de “Clarín”’ (1:B1062). Rpt. in O.C. (see B1166), pp.772–78; and in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.89–99. B1168 Rodríguez, Alfred, ‘Un coeur simple de Flaubert y dos obras maestras españolas: Doña Berta y Misericordia’, Hispano, No.104 (Jan. 1992), 25–29. LA inverts the social identity of the main character in ‘Doña Berta’, in contradistinction to Flaubert’s servant Félicité in Un coeur simple, here considered an intertext of LA’s story.

B1169 ——, & Darcy Donahue, ‘The Exceptional Function of Some Names in Su único hijo’, LOS, 11 (1984), 197–207. Discusses the symbolism and irony found in the names of several characters (Bonifacio, Marta Körner, Serafina, Eufemia, and Juan Nepomuceno).

B1170 ——, & Susan Dorich, ‘King Lear and Galdós’s El abuelo: A Critical Reassessment’, Es (Univ. de Valladolid), No.10 (Sept. 1980), 215–23. On LA’s insightful analysis of El abuelo (pp.215–17).

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1171 Rodríguez, Mercedes, ‘Clarín, en “El arte de vivir”’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (10.2.1984), 30. The television programme, ‘El arte de vivir’, devotes itself to LA, this day. See also Aj7.

B1172 Rodríguez-Alcalde, José María G., ‘Clarín y Menéndez y Pelayo’, La Revista de Santander, 4, No.5 (1931), 226–36; & No.6 (1931), 251–61. See 1:B1065. B1173 ——, ‘Leopoldo G. Alas y Ureña “Clarín”’, La Revista de Santander, 4, No.3 (1931), 100–19. See 1:B1065. Rodríguez Arrieta, Esteban: See Gómez-Tabanera, José M. B1174 Rodríguez Blanco, Julio, ‘Teresa, de Clarín, casi un siglo después’, El Público (M), No.26 (Nov. 1985), 45–46. Comments on the dramatic insufficiency of LA’s play and its (then) recent presentation at the 1984 centennial celebration of LR in Oviedo.

B1175 Rodríguez Bravo, Juan L., ‘La Regenta y La Conquête de Plassans: notas sobre una posible relación’, RL, 47, No.94 (1985), 179–86. Mostly a mechanical comparison of characters.

B1176 Rodríguez Fer, Claudio, ‘De “Clarín” a Antón Tovar’, Boletín Galego de Literatura, No.7 (May 1992), 69–72. Parallels in the tripartite structure and the tender treatment of childhood are drawn between ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ and Antón Tovar’s poem, ‘O can’.

B1177 Rodríguez Fernández, J[osé], ‘Azorín. VII’, La Comarca (Ribadeo) (14.12.1958), [3]. Talks about Azorín’s appreciation of LA’s ‘Tirso de Molina’ (El gallo de Sócrates), in Escritores. See 1:B769.

B1178 ——, ‘Azorín. VIII’, La Comarca (Ribadeo) (1.2.1959), [3]. Despite the title, this article deals, rather disjointedly, with LA,

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Secondary Material Azorín’s commentary on the maestro, conversations with LA’s son Leopoldo, and an autographed copy of Ricardo Palma’s Recuerdos de España (1897), once in the possession of Clarín.

B1179 ——, ‘D. Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”, panegirista de Covadonga’, Covadonga (Covadonga), 5, No.101 (7.9.1926), 719–20. If Clarín had lived in another century, says J.R.F., he would have been a fervent Catholic traditionalist. He was an ardent patriot and admired the ‘hecho histórico de Covadonga’.

B1180 Rodríguez y García, Fabián, Ensayo para una galería de asturianos ilustres (Cebú, Phillipines: Est. Tip. ‘El Boletín de Cebú’, 1888), pp.4–5. Short biographical sketch. His brother Genaro (pp.5–6) gets a longer one.

B1181 Rodríguez Marín, Rafael, ‘Descripciones proyectantes en la narrativa de “Clarín”’, Dianium (Denia, Alicante), 4 (1989), 375–83. These are descriptions that project a character’s or the author’s state of mind.

B1182 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Relatos breves (see Ad49), pp.17– 30. Reviews LA’s literary career and attempts to categorize his shorter fiction.

B1183 ——, ‘El lenguaje como elemento caracterizador en la novela de la Restauración’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España (see B745), pp.98–117. Routine analysis of literary language as a characterizing device (topoi, colloquialisms, tics, in LR).

B1184 ——, ‘Orientaciones para el estudio de los Relatos breves de “Clarín”’, in Relatos breves (see Ad49), pp.279–92. Comments on the autobiographical element, religiosity, anticlericalism, the themes of isolation and loneliness, absence of love, settings, humour, and style in LA’s stories.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1185 ——, ‘Teoría de la lengua y práctica narrativa en los relatos breves de Clarín’, in Teoría e interpretación del cuento, ed. Peter Fröhlicher & Georges Günter (New York: Peter Lang, 1995), pp.282–302. 2nd ed. rev., 1997, pp.279–96. LA’s ideas on appropriate language use in fiction writing are well illustrated in the stories, in particular, the use of asturianismos and local expressions in general, the limited examples of vulgarismos or colloquialisms, and the critique of topoi and clichés.

B1186 Rodríguez Sánchez de León, María José, ‘La recepción crítica de Fortunata y Jacinta en el siglo XIX’, in Galdós. Centenario de ‘Fortunata y Jacinta’ (1887–1987). Actas, ed. Julián Ávila Arellano (Madrid: Univ. Complutense, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, 1989), pp.607–16. LA as one of the principal critics to discuss Fortunata y Jacinta.

B1187 Rodríguez Suárez, Carlos, ‘Juan Ochoa. Periodista asturiano’, Tesina para la Escuela Oficial de Periodismo, n.p., n.d. 102 leaves, typescript (Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, 4/132233). Rpts the LA-related material found in Avello (1:B399; and B441).

Roger de Flor [pseud.]: See Broutá y Herlinvaux, Julio. B1188 Rogers, Douglass, ‘Don Juan, Donjuanismo, and Death in Clarín’ (1:B1074). Rpt. as ‘Don Juan, el Donjuanismo y la muerte en Clarín’, in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.93–114. B1189 ——, ‘Lenguaje, imagen y proceso mental en el Pipá de “Clarín”’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.81–85. Rpt. as ‘Language, Image and the Thought Process in Clarín’s “Pipá”’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.193–204. Clarín uses light images instead of a specific linguistic technique to reveal an inarticulate character’s thought processes and inner life.

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Secondary Material B1190 Román Gutiérrez, Isabel, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, in her Persona y forma: una historia interna de la novela española del siglo XIX, II. La novela realista (Sevilla: Alfar, 1988), pp.212–36. Reviews several critics’ commentaries about point of view in LA’s novels.

B1191 Romera Castillo, José, ‘Análisis semiótico de un cuento de “Clarín”: “El viejo y la niña”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.897–910. Ostensibly realistic, this story is really an example of an ‘opera aperta’.

B1192 ——, ‘Espacio y tiempo, elementos connotadores, en “El dúo de la tos” de Clarín’, LdD, 15, No.32 (May–Aug. 1985), 199–206. Weak attempt to correlate temporal and spatial references to the theme of solitude and lack of communication.

Romero Frías, Marina: See Bayle, Françoise. B1193 Romero Tobar, Leonardo, ‘El año académico y literario de “Clarín” en Zaragoza (1882–1883)’, El Heraldo de Aragón (Zaragoza) (20.3.1983), n. pag. (1:B1076). Traces LA’s presence in Zaragoza through his writings, newspaper references, and letters. See also 1:B1077.

B1194 ——, ‘“Doña Berta” en su pintura (sobre la evolución narrativa de “Clarín”)’, in Homenaje a Alonso Zamora Vicente. IV. Literatura española de los siglos XIX y XX, ed. Pedro Peira, et al. (Madrid: Castalia, 1994), pp.327–43. Notes impressionist painting techniques and the complex use of indirect free discourse and focalization in ‘Doña Berta’. The article, written in 1985, lacks bibliographic updating.

B1195 Round, Nicholas G., ‘The Fictional Integrity of Leopoldo Alas’ “Superchería”’ (1:B1081). Extracted in TwentiethCentury Literary Criticism (see B1070), pp.22–26.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1196 Rubiera, Carlos, ‘Lliteratura asturiana y Clarín’, Lletres Asturianes (O), 16 (1985), 67–78. LA is not an Asturian writer, because he does not write in bable, says C.R., who also claims Clarín does not know very much about Asturian culture or even seem to like the Asturian country folk that much!

B1197 ——, ‘Retruque (en cuatro tiempos)’, La Nueva España (O) (9.2.1984), 26. Defends vehemently the position that non-bablista LA is not an Asturian writer.

B1198 Rubiera, Pilar, ‘Clarín fue un gran intelectual de su época, según los expertos en su obra’, La Nueva España (O) (27.2.1988), 5. Five scholars (C. Richmond, J.M. Martínez Cachero, L. Bonet, J.-F. Botrel, and Y. Lissorgues) met in Oviedo to plan the six-vol. O.C.

B1199 ——, ‘Expertos en Clarín prepararán en Oviedo la edición de su obra completa’, La Nueva España (O) (26.2.1988), 6. The five-member team of scholars (Martínez Cachero, Richmond, Bonet, Lissorgues, Botrel) met with representatives of publisher Aguilar to set the format and editorial standards.

B1200 ——, ‘Martínez Cachero: “Sigo pensando que Ana Ozores es un personaje de ficción”’, La Nueva España (O) (19.3.1991), 38. Comments on the O.C. of LA being readied for Aguilar. M.C. prepared vol. I (including LR, SUH and fragments of projected novels).

B1201 ——, ‘El Principado presenta hoy en Lisboa la I edición portuguesa de La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (26.2.1988), 6. On the formal presentation of LR in Portuguese.

B1202 ——, ‘Yvan Lissorgues: “La traducción de La Regenta se impuso como imperativo”’, La Nueva España (O) (27.2.1988), 5. An interview with the coordinator of the French translators.

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Secondary Material B1203 *Rubino, Damian Richard, ‘History, Fiction, and Metafiction in Benito Pérez Galdós’ “Novelas de Torquemada”’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Connecticut, 1994. 163 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 56, No.3 (1995), 963A. Ch. 4 studies Galdós’s metafictionality in relation to LA and Pereda.

B1204 Rubio, Fanny, ‘Un novelista periférico: Leopoldo Alas’, Las Nuevas Letras (Almería), 1 (Dec. 1984), 23–26. LA’s meditation on provincial life as marginality is embodied in a woman, Ana Ozores.

B1205 Rubio Cremades, Enrique, ‘Anotaciones y acotaciones azorinianas a los textos de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.1089–97. R.C. consulted Azorín’s personal library in the Casa-Museo Azorín (Monóvar) and found annotations in ‘Alcalá Galiano’, Teresa, Un viaje a Madrid, and other folletos, but above all, in SUH, a novel which obviously fascinated ‘el pequeño filósofo’. In contrast, there are no comments whatsoever in his copy of LR.

B1206 ——, ‘“Azorín”, crítico literario de Leopoldo Alas’, LdD, 15, No.32 (May–Aug. 1985), 185–98. Gives a summary of Azorín’s numerous articles on LA, concluding that A. was ‘el mejor valedor de la obra de Clarín’.

B1207 Rubio Gámez, Francisca, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, in Historia de la literatura española e hispanoamericana, V (Madrid: Ediciones Orgaz, 1980), pp.233–43. Provides a life-and-works overview. With illus.

B1208 Rubio Jiménez, Jesús, ‘La recepción crítica del naturalismo teatral en España’, BBMP (Santander), 62 (1986), 345–57. Pp.350–55: LA was the first to advocate Zola’s naturalist (hence modern) theatre.

B1209 Rueda Martínez, José-Alejo, ‘Una faceta desconocida en la vida de Clarín: firmante de una oposición a cátedra de

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Derecho mercantil’, BIDEA (O), 42, No.127 (1988), 693– 746. Explains the circumstances surrounding the competition for a chair of mercantile law at the Univ. de Madrid in 1884. Rpts LA’s proposed program, dated 5 Feb. 1885. See also Ah101.

B1210 Rugg, Marilyn D., ‘“Doña Berta”: Clarín’s Allegory of Signification’, MLN, 103 (1988), 449–56. A somewhat forced deconstructive reading in which Doña Berta’s search for her lost son turns into a self-reflexive allegory of irresolvable textual meaning.

B1211 Ruiz, Valentín, ‘Hoy se inaugura, en El Entrego, la escultura en homenaje a “Clarín”’, La Nueva España (O) (29.8.1984), 12. The homage coincided with LA’s wedding day (29.8.1882). See Aj46.

B1212 *Ruiz Contreras, Luis [pseud.: Palmerín de Oliva], ‘Los folletos de Clarín’, El Globo (M) (29.5.1886). B1213 ——, ‘Palabras y plumas’, Revista Contemporánea (M), 77 (15.2.1890), 307–17. R.C. admits LA’s importance as a critic, but throws darts at him anyway. Addressed to Emilia Pardo Bazán.

B1214 *——, ‘“Pipá”, “Amor è furbo”, novelas de Clarín’, La Publicidad (B) (8.4.1886). B1215 Ruiz de Garibay Olaechea, Marta, & Beatriz Monreal Huegun, ‘Humanización y deshumanización en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.661–77. On the dehumanization of the human and the humanization of the animal and vegetal.

B1216 Ruiz de la Peña, Álvaro, ‘El indiano en la narrativa asturiana’, Asturias (O) (22.3.1979), 4–5. On LA’s disdain for the indiano figure in LR and his more positive portrait of the same figure in ‘Boroña’.

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Secondary Material B1217 ——, Introducción a la literatura asturiana (Oviedo: Biblioteca Popular Asturiana, 1981), pp.174, 176–78, 206–7, 226–27, 241–42, et passim. Discusses LA as a member of the ‘escuela asturiana’; the politicalcultural implications of the 1952 Oviedo homage; and the echoes from LR in José María Jove’s Un tal Suárez and Dolores Medio’s Nosotros, los Rivero.

B1218 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Obras selectas, I (see Aa2), pp.6–19. Introd. to LA’s life and historical context.

B1219 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Obras selectas, II (see Aa2), pp.6–11. On the reception and main characters of LR.

B1220 Rutherford, John, ‘Fortunato y Frígilis en La Regenta’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.251–64. Makes a convincing case for the ironic – hence unfavourable – presentation of presumably ‘pure’ characters.

B1221 ——, ‘“La heroica ciudad…”: el desafío del lenguaje de La Regenta’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.15–19. A stimulating analysis of the first two paragraphs of LR as an indication of its subversive, linguistic nature. The contradictory, parodic overtones of Clarinian language undermine textual authority and undo the apparently clear-cut dichotomies of romantic-realistic by stressing a continuous dialectical interaction between the two modes.

B1222 ——, ‘Introduction’, La Regenta (1:B1094). Extracted in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism (see B1070), pp.31– 34. B1223 ——, ‘On Translating La Regenta: Sameness and Otherness’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.47–66. Reflects on the problems of translating a text from a distinct culture, drawing on the concrete example of the opening paragraphs of LR.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1224 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Un rincón de hojas y hierbas (see B313), pp.xii–xiii. Praise for Coletes Blanco’s localist interpretation of LA’s life and work.

B1225 ——, ‘La Regenta’ y el lector cómplice (Murcia: Univ., 1988). 189 pp. A revised, remodelled and enlarged version of 1:B1095, incorporating recent critical trends in theory and in Clarín studies. Bibliography (pp.185–89). Reviews: 1. Catelli, N. El País (M) (11.6.1989), 3.

2. Franz, Thomas R. AGald, 25 (1990), 151–52. 3. García Sarriá, Francisco. BHS (Liverpool), 67 (1990), 429. 4. O’Connor, D.J. RQ, 37 (1990), 372–73. 5. Turner, Harriet S. RHM, 43 (1990), 253–58.

B1226 S.A., ‘Nueva campaña por Clarín’, El Globo (M) (14.6.1887), [1]. Clarín critiques decadentismo as a European phenomenon, not simply a Spanish one.

B1227 S.E., ‘Vuelve La Regenta al Real Coliseo de Carlos III’, ABC (M) (20.6.1984), 78. Notice of play production of LR for 21, 22 and 24 June 1984, in San Lorenzo de El Escorial.

B1228 Saavedra, Luis [Fernando], ‘Clarín’, una interpretación (Madrid: Taurus, 1987). 362 pp. Stresses the ideological inconsistencies between LA’s fiction and nonfiction, without, however, taking into account the conflicting aims of literature and politics. Thus, L.S. reduces much of the fiction to mere ‘content’, as though literature were simply an ideological mouthpiece. Frequently makes unfounded statements and seems unaware of the enormous bibliography on Clarín. Occasionally incisive commentary is marred by judging LA’s vacillations out of context. A misinterpretation. Reviews: 1. García Sarriá, Francisco. BHS (Liverpool), 67 (1990), 193.

2. Lissorgues, Yvan. RHM, 42 (1989), 86–88.

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Secondary Material 3. López [-Barxas], Francisco. Diario 16 (M) (19.12.1987),iii; & La Nueva España (O) (6.1.1988), 42. 4. Ontañón de Lope, Paciencia. Anuario de Letras (Mexico), 26 (1988), 275–79. 5. Valis, Noël. HR, 58 (1990), 281–84.

B1229 ——, ‘El escritor y su ideología. Interpretación de los personajes femeninos en la obra de Clarín’, in Literatura y vida cotidiana. Actas de las Cuartas Jornadas de Investigación Interdisciplinaria, Seminario de Estudios de la Mujer (Madrid/Zaragoza: Univ. Autónoma/Univ. de Zaragoza, 1989), pp.261–75. Notes discrepancy between LA’s anti-feminist opinions in his essays and a presumed ‘feminism’ in LR and ‘Doña Berta’, but doesn’t know what to make of it.

B1230 *——, ‘La sociedad en Leopoldo Alas’, tesis doctoral, Univ. Complutense de Madrid, 198–? B1231 Sabater, Gaspar, ed., ‘Alas y Ureña (Leopoldo)’, in his Diccionario biográfico español, I (Palma de Mallorca: Instituto Español de Estudios Biográficos, 1950), pp.54–55. The usual dictionary entry.

B1232 Sabincano [pseud.], ‘“Clarín”’, El Globo (M) (15.6.1901), [2]. On LA’s funeral.

B1233 Sabarit, Andrés, ‘Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’, in his Asturias y sus hombres (Toulouse: Imprimerie Dulaurier, 1964), pp.56–59. Somewhat disjointed introductory material.

B1234 Saillard, Simone, ‘Ana Ozores, de la mystique à l’hystérie’, in Leopoldo Alas, ‘Clarín’: ‘La Regenta’ (see B714), pp.65–131. Suggestive, well-documented study of medical sources for Ana’s hysteria and of the contemporary medical view of Santa Teresa as a mystic-hysteric which may well have influenced LA’s conception of

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ana Ozores; also discusses similarities between LR and the Goncourts’ Madame Gervaisais (1869).

B1235 ——, ‘Un figurón político en La Regenta: el misterioso obispo de Nauplia’, in Actas del X Congreso de la Asociación Internacional de Hispanistas, II, ed. Antonio Vilanova (Barcelona: PPU, 1992), pp.1459–73. Well-documented article which suggests that the minor character, the Bishop of Nauplia, is taken from a historical figure, the Carlist Bishop of Daulia, and that some of Daulia’s traits are cleverly incorporated into Fermín de Pas’s characterization. See Ah98.

B1236 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas, Clarín et la préface de Nana, Madrid, A. de Carlos Hierro, ed. 1880’, Textures (Cahiers du C.E.M.I.A., Univ. Lumière-Lyon 2), No.1 (June 1995), pp.57–75. Convincingly attributes authorship of the preface to LA; rpts the preface (Ag6) and part of a ‘Palique’ (Ah88).

B1237 ——, ‘La peritonitis de Don Víctor y la fiebre histérica de Ana Ozores: dos calas en la documentación médica de Leopoldo Alas novelista’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España (see B745), pp.315–27. Finds the source for Don Víctor’s form of death in the Goncourts’ Renée Mauperin (1864); and Ana’s attacks of hysteria in a number of contemporary medical texts, such as Legrand du Saulle’s Les Hystériques, état physique et mental (1883).

B1238 ——, ‘Pour une histoire de la traduction moderne: à propos de Travail/Trabajo, Zola/Clarín, 1901’, in La Traduction. Actes du XXIIIe Congrès de la Société des Hispanistes Français, ed. J. Canavaggio & B. Darbord (Caen: Univ., 1989), pp.35–57. Studies the text and context of LA’s translation of Zola’s Travail, analysing, for example, the kinds of cuts that LA made. Informative, interesting and well-documented, using to good effect the ZolaMaucci correspondence, Posada memoirs, and a comparison of the first proofs of Travail with the translation. Review: 1. Larose, Henri. LLNL, 84, No.272 (1990), 24–26.

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Secondary Material ——: See also B714. B1239 Sainz de Robles, Federico Carlos, ‘Alas y Ureña, Leopoldo S. (“Clarín”)’, in his Ensayo de un diccionario de la literatura, II, 4th ed. (Madrid: Aguilar, 1973), pp.33–34. *1st ed., 1949. Standard dictionary entry.

Sáinz y Rodríguez, Pedro: See Álvarez Buylla, Adolfo. Sáiz, Carmen: See Núñez, Carmen. B1240 Salgado, Alfonso, ‘La Regenta cumple 100 años’, Región (O) (27.12.1984), 3. On the structure and characterization of LR.

Salinas, Jaime: See Amorós, Andrés, & José María Martínez Cachero. B1241 *Salmerón García, Nicolás, ‘Germinal y “Clarín”’, El Pueblo (Valencia) (22.5.1900). B1242 Salvat Monguillot, Manuel, ‘Palique, de Leopoldo Alas’, El Mercurio (Santiago de Chile) (19.2.1978), iii. Discusses LA’s opinions of Pardo Bazán, the Academia Española, the discovery of America, and other subjects.

Samblancat, Neus: See Jofre, Montserrat. ——: See also Núñez, Carmen. B1243 Sánchez, Elizabeth D., ‘La dinámica del espacio en La Regenta de Clarín’ (1:B1109). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.371–82. B1244 ——, ‘From World to Word: Realism and Reflexivity in Don Quijote and La Regenta’, HR, 55 (1987), 27–39. An interesting study on how the realist convention in LR is undermined through the use of self-conscious parody in the narrative

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) voice, the creation of character, and the changing distance in the narrative situation (author-story-reader).

B1245 ——, ‘Más allá del paradigma realista: estratagemas subversivas en La Regenta y Madame Bovary’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.63–67. Rpt. as ‘Beyond the Realist Paradigm: Subversive Stratagems in La Regenta and Madame Bovary’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.101–16. A suggestive study of the metafictional qualities of both novels. E.S. sees a more holistic and dialectical vision of the fictional world in LR than in Madame Bovary.

B1246 ——, ‘The Missing Mother: Locating the Feminine Other in La Regenta’, RLAn, 1 (1989 [1990]), 597–602. Looks at the feminine other as the repressed discourse found embedded in LR’s patriarchal discourse.

B1247 ——, ‘Order/Disorder and Complexity in La Regenta: A Case for Spiraling Outward and Upward’, South Central Review, 13, No.4 (1996), 5–17. Argues, without sufficient textual evidence, that LR demonstrates ‘“negentropy”, creative disorder, a turbulent state which may lead to greater complexity, a spiraling outward and upward’.

B1248 ——, ‘La Regenta as Fractal’, REH, 26 (1992), 251–76. A fascinating discussion of LR through the lens of chaos theory. S. studies ‘the metaphor of the novel as a dynamic, nonlinear system, and more specifically, as a turbulent flow’. While not a detailed examination of LR, this exploratory paper offers an initial view of a suggestive cross-disciplinary approach to LR.

B1249 ——, ‘La Regenta as Spatial-Form Narrative: A Twentieth-Century Perspective’, MLN, 103 (1988), 335–49. An interesting study of the textual relativism LA develops through techniques of characterization stressing non-dualistic interrelatedness. Noticeable bibliographical lacunae.

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Secondary Material Sánchez, Pedro [pseud.]: See Quintanilla, José María. B1250 Sánchez, Roberto G., ‘Clarín, su Teresa y los cómicos’, HR, 55 (1987), 463–74. Shows LA’s uneasy relationship with the actors performing Teresa and his inexperience in trying to deal with the independent-minded acting profession of the time.

B1251 Sánchez, Rodolfo, ‘Con La Regenta aprendí a ver la vida a través de la literatura’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (13.4.1984), 8. On the presentation of Los Cuadernos del Norte issue dedicated to LR (see 1:B297); sums up remarks by Juan Cueto, Alberto Marcos Vallaure, Francisco Ayala, Pedro de Silva, Santiago Roldán, and Alfonso Guerra.

B1252 ——, ‘La RDA, La Regenta y la Olimpiada’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (17.5.1984), 9. The German Democratic Republic’s ambassador gave the mayor of Oviedo, Antonio Masip, a copy of the German translation of LR (orig. 1971), practically unknown in Spain due to non-existent diplomatic relations.

B1253 Sánchez-Alarcos, Raúl F. ‘Introducción’, in Apolo en Pafos (see Ab1), pp.7–27. Situates the Apolo en Pafos text within the tradition of the viaje al Parnaso.

B1254 *Sánchez Alonso, Rafael, ‘The Question of Faith in the Late Nineteenth-Century Spanish Novel’, unpubl. diss., Tulane Univ., 1992. 420 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 53, No.6 (1992), 1939A. Examines the conflict between faith and unbelief in novels by Palacio Valdés, Pardo Bazán, Coloma, Galdós, and Clarín, comparing the texts to the official pronouncements of the Catholic Church.

B1255 Sánchez Cantón, F.J., ‘Don José Lázaro y su legado a España’, Arbor, 9, No.26 (Feb. 1948), 215–31. On the LA-Pardo Bazán blowup, which started with Lázaro’s editorial interference in La España Moderna (pp.216–18).

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1256 Sánchez-Eppler, Benigno, ‘Stakes: The Sexual Vulnerability of the Reader in La Regenta’, RR, 78 (1987), 202–17. In this noteworthy study, S.-E. sees a close connection between Ana Ozores’s sexual responses to her readings and ‘her final sexual victimization’.

B1257 Sánchez Martínez, F[rancisco] Javier, Sentido y función de los sueños en ‘La Regenta’ (Alcoy: Editorial Marfil, 1989). 175 pp. A rather weak analysis of the dream passages in LR, with extracts from the intertexts of Chateaubriand, Santa Teresa, and Nicholas Wiseman.

B1258 Sánchez Pérez, Antonio, ‘A propósito’, Madrid Cómico, 9, No.318 (23.3.1889), 3, 6. S.P. dives into the grammatical fray between LA and Peña y Goñi over the correct uses of ‘cuyo’. See B1026–27.

B1259 ——, ‘A romper tocan’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 11, No.554 (12.8.1893), 502–3. Why do people talk about Clarín so much in their writing: because Alas ‘está en juego, escribe mucho’; he is, in sum, a significant figure.

B1260 ——, ‘Bibliografía festiva’, Madrid Cómico, 13, No.538 (10.6.1893), 3, 6. On Catarineu’s Giraldillas and LA’s prologue, which S.P. finds too harsh.

B1261 ——, ‘Bibliografía festiva (Cuentas atrasadas)’, Madrid Cómico, 13, No.530 (15.4.1893), 3, 6. Notes that he is a federalista and, unlike LA, not a posibilista (supporter of Castelar); and reviews LA’s prologues to Carlyle’s Los héroes (see 1:Ag5) and Rafael Altamira’s Mi primera campaña (see 1:Ag1).

B1262 *——, ‘Clarín’, La Opinión (M) (5.10.1887).

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Secondary Material B1263 ——, ‘Clarín’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 15, No.750 (15.5.1897), 315–16. A commentary on the small-mindedness and hostility of some of LA’s critics and enemies, who refuse to recognize Clarín’s talents, he says.

B1264 ——, ‘Crítica literaria’, *La Opinión (M), 3, No.711 (1.5.1888). Rpt. in part in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.371–74. On Mis plagios. Un discurso de Núñez de Arce. Praises the section on N. de A., but believes LA should not have stooped to defend himself against ill-founded accusations of plagiarism.

B1265 ——, ‘Crítica literaria’, *La Opinión (M), 3, No.751 (12.6.1888); & No.765 (26.6.1888). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.385–88. Thinks neither Bonafoux nor LA should have bothered writing Yo y el plagiario or Mis plagios.

B1266 *——, ‘Crítica literaria. Apolo en Pafos’, La Opinión (M) (26.9.1887). B1267 ——, ‘En defensa propia. (A Clarín)’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 11, No.545 (10.6.1893), 359, 362. Makes reference to an unsigned ‘Revista literaria’ in El Imparcial (M), which he believes is LA’s, on the Real Academia Española’s inability to find a worthy recipient for its theatre prize. (LA’s reply to S.P. seems to be ‘Palique’, La Ilustración Ibérica, 11, No.550 [15.7.1893], 438.)

B1268 ——, ‘Literatura de Bonafoux, por Aramís’, *La Opinión (M), 2, No.527 (25.10.1887). Rpt. in part in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.356–57. Defends LA against Bonafoux’s attacks.

B1269 ——, ‘No hay tales borregos’, Madrid Cómico, 11, No.416 (7.2.1891), 6. A reply to LA’s ‘Palique’ (MC [31.1.1891]), in which S.P., a selfprofessed admirer of Clarín, begs to differ on the question of Joaquín Dicenta’s worth.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1270 *——, ‘Nueva campaña, por Clarín’, La Opinión (M), 2, No.398 (13.6.1887), 1. B1271 ——, ‘Para alusiones’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 14, No.716 (19.9.1896), 598–99. Tweaks LA’s ear for criticising those like S.P. himself who openly admit they either have not read the Ramayana or did not like it.

B1272 ——, ‘Para rectificar, … A Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 14, No.694 (18.4.1896), 246–47. A friendly argument with Clarín, who called him ‘el decano de los optimistas’, with respect to the infallible taste of theatre audiences.

B1273 ——, ‘Plagios y plagiarios’, *La Opinión (M), 2 (4.12.1887). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.358–63. Contrary to the opinion of Bonafoux (to whom this article is addressed), LA did not copy from Madame Bovary in his LR, says S.P.

B1274 ——, ‘¿Subvenciones? (A “Clarín”)’, La Ilustración Ibérica (B), 13, No.672 (16.11.1895), 730–31. Disagrees with Clarín’s cautious support of state subventions of the theatre.

B1275 ——, ‘[Su único hijo]’ (1:B1119). Rpt. as ‘Leopoldo Alas (Clarín), novelista’, in ¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos (Buenos Aires: Tor, 1939), pp.11–15. See 1:Ad25. B1276 *Sánchez Pérez, José, ‘Cosas de antaño. Carta a Castrovido’, El Pueblo (Valencia) (15.12.1900). On El Solfeo (M) and LA.

B1277 Sánchez Siscort, Montserrat, ‘La música en Su único hijo’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.120–26. Ignores earlier work written on opera and the musical parody of romanticism in SUH; a rather mechanical application of the sonata form to the novel.

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Secondary Material B1278 Sanguily, Manuel, ‘Críticos y gramáticos’, Hojas Literarias (La Habana), 5, No.3 (30.11.1894), 365–410. A detailed refutation of Pompeyo Gener’s rabid anti-Clarín attack in El caso Clarín (1:B487).

B1279 San Juan, Mario, ‘Boletín científico-literario’, La Ilustración Gallega y Asturiana (M), 4, No.1 (8.1.1882), 8–9. Rpt. in B194, pp.105–6. On LA’s defence of naturalism.

B1280 ——, ‘Don Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’ (1:B1121). Rpt. in El Carbayón (O), 23, No.8793 (14.6.1901), [2]; and in B194, pp.104–5. B1281 San Rafael, ‘Tiroteo’, Militares y Paisanos (M), 1, No.24 (7.6.1896), 7. An attack against LA’s eminence as a critic, and those who fawn in his powerful presence.

B1282 ——, ‘Tiroteo’, Militares y Paisanos (M), 1, No.29 (12.7.1896), 7. Attacks LA and his brother Genaro, imagining them in mock government ministries.

B1283 ——, ‘Tiroteo. A D. Leopoldo García Alas (a) Fagot’, Militares y Paisanos (M), 1, No.10 (1.3.1896), 3–5. Another polemic. LA attacked S.R.’s language as anafrodita.

B1284 ——, ‘Tiroteo. A D. Leopoldo García (a) “Clarín” – Oviedo’, Militares y Paisanos (M), 1, No.13 (22.3.1896), 7. Another satiric verbal assault on LA. S.R. calls him a crítico nauseabundo and uses the phrase, pulvis eris (from LR) to say that is what LA will be.

B1285 Santiáñez-Tió, Nil, ‘Nuevos mapas del universo: modernidad y ciencia ficción en la literatura española del siglo XIX (1804–1905)’, RHM, 47 (1994), 269–88. On LA’s ‘Cuento futuro’ (1886) as an example of dystopian literature (pp.279–81).

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1286 Santonja, Gonzalo, La novela revolucionaria de quiosco (1905–1939) (Madrid: El Museo Universal, 1993), pp.159–61. Sees the collectively authored Las vírgenes locas (1886) and, especially LA’s contribution, as a precedent for a similar kind of project in the 1930s, spearheaded by Ramón Sender.

B1287 Santullano, Luis, ‘“Clarín” en su Vetusta. Una lectura de L’Aiglon’, El Nacional (Suplemento) (Mexico) (9.5.1948), 6–7. Modification of 1:B1127. Speculates why LA chose for one of his last public lectures Edmond Rostand’s play, L’Aiglon (1900). Could the protagonist’s tubercular condition have reminded Clarín of his own losing battle with the same disease? Gives details of LA’s preparation for the reading and his public delivery of fragments from the play.

B1288 *——, ‘Clarín: sus amigos, sus enemigos’, El Nacional (Caracas) (5.8.1950). Modification of 1:B1124. B1289 Sanz, Orlando, ‘La Regenta será traducida al chino, al japonés, al sueco y al finlandés’, La Nueva España (O) (30.10.1984), 3. On the proliferation of LR translations.

B1290 Sanz Villanueva, Santos, ‘Introducción’, in O.C., I (see Aa3), pp.ix–xl. Incorporates the views of several critics (Sobejano, García Sarriá, Oleza, etc.); inexplicably downplays LA’s imaginative power in LR, stressing instead ‘la ordenación de los materiales y el tratamiento de la materia novelesca’.

B1291 ——, ‘Introducción’, in O.C., II (see Aa3), pp.ix–xl. An overview of themes, motifs, and character types found in LA’s stories.

B1292 Sarandeses Pérez, Francisco, Heráldica de los apellidos asturianos (Oviedo: IDEA, 1966), pp.34–35, 164, 290. With illus. Information relating to LA’s family tree.

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Secondary Material B1293 Schwartz, Marcy E., ‘The Function of the Fantastic in Clarín’s La Regenta’, RR, 84 (1993), 97–108. The fantastic, as a transgression into other worlds (especially the subconscious), penetrates LR, provoking mystery, plot turns, and narrative tension in the confusion of self and worlds.

B1294 Segovia, Pablo de, ‘A pluma y a pelo’, La Saeta (B), 6, No.232 (2.5.1895), 2. Dislikes LA, but admits Teresa is a worthwhile play and does not deserve harsh critical treatment.

B1295 ——, ‘A pluma y a pelo’, La Saeta (B), 6, No.233 (9.5.1895), 2. Continues with his defence of Teresa.

B1296 ——, ‘A pluma y a pelo’, La Saeta (B), 6, No.234 (16.5.1895), 2. Attacks anti-Teresa critics.

B1297 ——, ‘A pluma y a pelo’, La Saeta (B), 6, No.235 (23.5.1895), 2. Praises LA’s characterization, stage directions, and expression in Teresa.

B1298 Sela, Aniceto, ‘Once años de Extensión Universitaria en Oviedo’ (1:B1139). Rpt. in his La educación nacional. Hechos e ideas (Madrid: Librería General de Victoriano Suárez, 1910), pp.283, 289–90, 310–12, 325, et passim. B1299 Semprún Donahue, Moraima de, ‘La doble seducción de La Regenta’ (1:B1140). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.258–72. B1300 Senabre, Ricardo, ‘Ciencia y literatura en La Regenta’, in Homenaje a Enrique Segura Covarsí, Bernardo Muñoz Sánchez y Ricardo Puente Broncano (Badajoz: Excma. Diputación, 1986), pp.173–84. Argues that LR is an ‘experimental’ novel following the precepts of

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Claude Bernard’s Introduction à l’étude de la médecine expérimentale (1865).

B1301 ——, ‘Clarín y Galdós ante el público’, in Literatura popular y proletaria, by Francisco García Tortosa, Jorge Urrutia, et al (Sevilla: Univ., 1986 [1987]), pp.141–53. On LA’s attempt to rewrite the sentimental, popular novel in SUH (pp.141–47).

B1302 ——, ‘Desde España: umbrales del siglo XX. “Clarín” y el público’, Siglo XX/20th Century, 3, Nos 1–2 (1985–86), 36–37. Notes that LA’s initial desire to reach a more popular audience with SUH reflects the great acceptance sentimental novels had among Spanish readers.

B1303 ——, Literatura y público (Madrid: Paraninfo, 1987), pp.21–23, 65–66, 72–75. On the kind of reading public LA wanted for SUH (see also B1302); Teresa and the Spanish theatre audience; and LA’s comments on Galdós’s novelistic development.

B1304 Seoane, María Cruz, ‘Luis Bonafoux, un periodista en la encrucijada del cambio de siglo’, in Grandes periodistas olvidados, ed. Jesús Manuel Martínez (Madrid: Fundación Banco Exterior, 1987), pp.29–39. On the LA-Bonafoux literary quarrel (pp.30–32).

Serrano, Pío E.: See Aullón de Haro, Pedro. B1305 Serrano Asenjo, José Enrique, ‘La educación literaria y sentimental del héroe en Su único hijo’, BRIDEA (O), 49, No.145 (1995), 89–109. Focuses on the relationship between reading and life (Bonifacio’s), concluding that literature in SUH is a form of knowledge learned through the conduit of sentiment; and that the Odyssey is perhaps the single most important text in shaping LA’s novel.

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Secondary Material B1306 Serrano Castilla, Francisco, ‘Menéndez Pelayo, senador por la Universidad de Oviedo. Notas de su “Epistolario”’, BIDEA (O), 41, No.122 (1987), 429–32; & 42, No.125 (1988), 23–36. Comments mostly on the 1892–93 correspondence between M.P. and LA in vol. XII of M.P.’s Epistolario; and LA’s crucial support of M.P.’s senatorial campaigns in 1896 and 1898. See also Af13.

B1307 Serrano Menéndez, Javier, ‘Impresiones’, Vetusta (O), No.7 (Dec. 1984), 4–5. On the Nov. 1984 Oviedo Symposium.

B1308 ——, ‘La presencia de “Clarín” en los periódicos gijoneses a finales del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX’, El Comercio (Gijón) (25, 28, 30.11; 2.12.1984), 22, 19, 20, 12. Comments on LA’s obituary in El Comercio (14.6.1901); on several regeneracionista articles by LA, published in El Noroeste, between 1897 and 1899, on such topics as the politicization and religious extremism of Spanish universities, Cuba, Spanish modernization, el caciquismo, etc.; and on the Gijón press reaction to LA the critic, novelist and playwright.

B1309 Serrano Monteavaro, M.A., ‘El conflicto de la Marina con “Clarín”’, Militaria. Revista de Cultura Militar (M), 1 (1989), 185–202. Rpts several articles and other documents in an informative account of the dispute between LA and the Spanish Navy in 1895. Includes a letter from Miguel de Unamuno (2.10.1895), orig. in 1:B15. See also Ah86; B1032, 1606–8.

B1310 Serrano Poncela, Segundo, ‘Un estudio de La Regenta’ (1:B1146). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.129–49. Serrano Suárez, José María: See Carande, Bernardo Víctor.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1311 Servén Díez, Carmen, ‘De La dama de las camelias a la codorniz romántica: sobre la mujer liviana en la novelística de la Restauración’, RL, 58, No.115 (1996), 83–105. LA, like Valera, Palacio Valdés and Pérez Galdós, demythifies the romantic notion of the beautiful sinner redeemed.

B1312 Seybolt, Richard A., ‘The Function of Moisture in La Regenta’, RomN, 27, No.1 (Autumn 1986), 69–73. In relating images of moisture to the erotic in LR, R.S. unfortunately is covering not only very wet but old territory.

B1313 Shaw, Donald L., ‘From Romanticism to the 98. Recent Criticism of Nineteenth Century Spanish Literature’, España Contemporánea, 1, No.1 (1988), 95–117. An evaluation of Clarín criticism in the 1980s (pp.115–16).

B1314 Shoemaker, William H., La crítica literaria de Galdós (Madrid: Ínsula, 1979), pp.54, 75, 89, 91–92, 187, 217–18, 204, 213, et passim. Comments mostly on Galdós’s 1901 prologue to LR.

B1315 *Siboni [y Jiménez], Luis, Pan de compadres para Valbuena y Clarín, 2nd ed. Preface, by Pedro Díaz Cosau (Madrid: Imp. de Pedro Ortega, 1906). xii + 113 pp. See 1:B1155. B1316 Sicot, Bernard, ‘Quelques notes sur Octave Feuillet en Espagne’, CMHLB (Caravelle), 31 (1978), 173–77. Makes note of LA’s (and his public’s) familiarity with Feuillet; and suggests that LA’s allusion in LR to F.’s ‘heterodoxy’ refers to an 1868 scandal in the Spanish press over publication of F.’s thesis novel, Monsieur de Camors.

B1317 Sieburth, Stephanie Anne, ‘Ambivalence in La Regenta: Narratorial Discourse vs. Textual Structure’, unpubl. diss., Princeton Univ., 1984. 219 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 45, No.9 (1985), 2894A. We read LR in two different ways: first, mimetically through the

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Secondary Material narrator, and then structurally, through the self-representational nature of the text and its sub-texts.

B1318 ——, ‘Interpreting La Regenta: Coherence vs. Entropy’, MLN, 102 (1987), 274–91. Author concludes that LR achieves a balance ‘between the mimetic and self-reflexive tendencies of the text, which allows neither reading to overpower the other’; but S.S.’s often provocative analysis tends to see infinite meanings generated out of LR and a continual breakdown of textual order into multiple reflections, doubleness, repetitions, etc. She does not, however, see that the multiple reflections – for example, the parallels between Ana and Obdulia – indicate degraded mirror versions. Thus her interpretation of the presumably chaotic nature of the mise en abyme effect is put into question by an implicit hierarchy of values. Whether the narrator is unreliable or not does not do away with the existence of such hierarchies.

B1319 ——, ‘Kiss and Tell: The Toad in La Regenta’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.87–100. Focuses on the self-reflexive qualities of LR shown in the duplicitous use of discourse.

B1320 ——, Reading ‘La Regenta’: Duplicitous Discourse and the Entropy of Structure, Purdue Univ. Monographs in Romance Languages, 29 (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Co., 1990). 127 pp. See B1318 for a synthesis of S.’s book. Reviews: 1. Charnon-Deutsch, Lou. Hispania, 75 (1992), 322–23.

2. Dolgin, Stacey L. Ojáncano, No.4 (Oct. 1990), 85–87. 3. Donahue, Darcy. AGald, 26 (1991), 109–10. 4. Fernández, James D. RHM, 44 (1991), 153–56. 5. Franz, Thomas R. LetP, 5, No.3 (Winter 1992–93), 467– 68. 6. Gullón, Germán. RQ, 40 (1993), 125–26. 7. Henn, David. MLR, 87 (1992), 779. 8. Labanyi, Jo. BHS (Liverpool), 70 (1993), 276–77. 9. Marcus, Roxanne B. RCEH, 20 (1996), 594–97. 10. Steenmeijer, Maarten. FoH, 2 (1991), 137–40. 11. Valis, Noël. REH, 27 (1993), 162–63. 12. Vilarós, Teresa. MLN, 108 (1993), 357–60.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1321 ——, ‘La Regenta as Quixotic Novel: Imitation and Intertextuality’, RQ, 35 (1988), 319–29. An interesting article, in which S.S. stresses the metafictional interplay or dialogue among subtexts read by the characters and within the narrator’s main story, as a means of questioning, quixotically, the supposed realism and veracity of literature.

B1322 Silva Cienfuegos-Jovellanos, Pedro de, ‘I Centenario de La Regenta. Notas para un discurso’, Vetusta (O), No.1 (May-June 1984), 3. Rather incoherent musings on the fictionality of LR and the intermeshing of characters into the social order of Vetusta.

B1323 ——, ‘Vetusta existe’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [1 p.]. LA’s novel as a creator of realities.

B1324 ——, ‘“Vetusta” y el fabulador’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.]. Impressions of the Vetustan world and characters.

B1325 Silvan, Alfonso, [Review], Cinema 2002 (M), No.1 (Mar. 1975), 12–13. The 1974 film version of LR is ‘un tratamiento bastante lineal y simplificador’.

B1326 Simon, Irène, ‘La figura de la Madona y del Mesías en La Regenta: un estudio a partir del color’, Hispano, No.96 (May 1989), 121–34. Using colour symbolism (blue in association with the Virgin Mary and Ana Ozores; the negative connotations of yellow, green and red, associated with Fermín and Álvaro), LA creates a sterile Madonna figure (Ana) and two false Messiahs (Fermín and Álvaro), thus reflecting the cultural and spiritual degradation of Restoration Spain.

B1327 *——, ‘Fonction des couleurs dans Le Rouge et le Noir et La Regenta’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Arizona, 1983. 317 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 44, No.3 (1983), 768A. Studies the historical, social and religious functions of chromatic symbolism in the two works.

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Secondary Material B1328 Sinclair, Alison, ‘The Consuming Passion: Appetite and Hunger in La Regenta’, BHS (Liverpool), 69 (1992), 245–61. A noteworthy article on the use of ‘the language and the substance of food to highlight the sexual processes in the novel’. Sexual processes, in turn, point to issues of personal control, identity, and independence in characters like Ana Ozores and Fermín de Pas. A.S. also stresses the connections between collective and individual acts of consumption in LR; and the ‘sense of physical bloatedness’ with which the novel opens and ends.

B1329 ——, Dislocations of Desire: Gender, Identity and Strategy in ‘La Regenta’ (Chapel Hill: Univ. of North Carolina Studies in Romance Languages and Literatures, 1998). 229 pp. LR as a text permeated with boundlessness and uncertainty over the nature of the self. See also B1328, 1330–34, which are incorporated into this study. Reviews: 1. Charnon-Deutsch, Lou. HR, 68 (2000), 329–30.

2. Valis, Noël. RLMC, 53, No.2 (2000), 250–53.

B1330 ——, ‘The Force of Parental Presence in La Regenta’, in Culture and Gender in Nineteenth-Century Spain, ed. Lou Charnon-Deutsch & Jo Labanyi (Oxford: Univ. Press, 1995), pp.182–98. Focuses on Doña Paula’s influence on her son Fermín de Pas, in particular their infantile, essentially pre-Oedipal relationship and the unstable, topsy-turvy resonances of an honour/shame culture in the interaction between mother and son.

B1331 ——, ‘The Gendered Language of Desire in La Regenta’, Journal of Hispanic Research (Croydon), 3 (1994–95), 231–49. Examines key words related to desire, which are used to proclaim gender identity in a novel where gender is unclear and anxietyproducing, and desire is either prohibited or unnameable.

B1332 ——, ‘Liminal Anxieties: Nausea and Mud in La Regenta’, BHS (Glasgow), 74 (1997), 155–76. A provocative article in which the text is seen as ‘engaging in hysterical flight from the undefinable and frightening twin phenomena

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) of death and sexuality’, both of which subvert the notion of boundaries. But A.S. does not take into account the historical and ideological boundaries to the text and the characters.

B1333 ——, ‘Masculine Envy and Desire in La Regenta: The Skull and the Foot’, Tesserae (Cardiff), 1, No.2 (1995), 171–90. Discusses the problematic nature of gender and desire in LR through an examination of the mother/son dyad (Paula/Fermín) and the Fermín-Ana relationship, seeing a dislocation of Fermín’s ‘feminine’ side (his ‘phallic-narcissistic’ nature) as projected upon Ana, the presumed object of desire.

B1334 ——, ‘The Need for Zeal and the Dangers of Jealousy: Identity and Legitimacy in La Regenta’, in Scarlet Letters: Fictions of Adultery from Antiquity to the 1990s, ed. Nicholas White & Naomi Segal (New York/Houndmills: Macmillan/St. Martin’s, 1997), pp.174–85. Links forms of desire ‘to preoccupations about identity, uncertainties of definition, the need for legitimation, the lack of a proper place in the social structure’ in LR.

B1335 ——, ‘Triangles of Transition: La Regenta’, in her The Deceived Husband: A Kleinian Approach to the Literature of Infidelity (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993), pp.199–217. Concentrates on the various interlocking and shifting triangular relationships and the complex relationship between male characters based both on rivalry and identification.

B1336 Sirera Turó, Josep Lluis, ‘La historia política de España en el siglo XIX, vista a través de una familia: los Ozores de Vetusta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.751–66. On Ana Ozores’s father, Don Carlos, as a pre-Restoration republican.

——: See also Ac9. B1337 Six, Abigail Lee, ‘Mothers’ Voices and Medusas’ Eyes: Clarín’s Construction of Gender in Su único hijo’, in Culture and Gender in Nineteenth-Century Spain, ed. Lou

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Secondary Material Charnon-Deutsch & Jo Labanyi (Oxford: Univ. Press, 1995), pp.199–215. Focuses on voice and gaze in delineating role-reversals of gender and the archetypal features of femininity and masculinity.

B1338 Skinner, Curtis, ‘Alas (y Ureña), Leopoldo (Enrique García) 1852–1901 (Clarín)’, in Hispanic Writers: A Selection of Sketches from ‘Contemporary Authors’, ed. Bryan Ryan (Detroit: Gale Research Inc., 1991), pp.6–8. An introduction. The classic status of LR was achieved in part through a new generation of critics and the English translation. Some errors: C.S. attributes to Clarín two legal studies by his son and Insolación by Emilia Pardo Bazán!

B1339 Sklodowska, Elźvieta, ‘Wstepem opatrzyla’, in Regentka, I (see Ai26), pp.5–22. Introduction.

B1340 Sobejano, Gonzalo, Clarín en su obra ejemplar (Madrid: Castalia, 1985). 206 pp. Gives an overview of LA’s work in different genres, stressing ‘romanticismo crítico’ as a key to LA’s artistic sensibilities. With bibliography. Reviews: 1. Bly, Peter. RCEH, 12 (1988), 361–63.

2. Bonet, Laureano. HR, 54 (1986), 350–52; & Ínsula, Nos 470–71 (Jan.-Feb. 1986), 7–8. 3. Botrel, Jean-François. AGald, 23 (1988), 158–60. 4. Elizalde, Ignacio. LdD, 16, No.34 (Jan.-Apr. 1986), 210–11. 5. Round, Nicholas G. BHS (Liverpool), 67 (1990), 427–28. 6. Rutherford, John. MLR, 82 (1987), 1007–8. 7. Spieker, Joseph B. HisJ, 8, No.1 (1986), 196. 8. Valis, Noël. Hispania, 69 (1986), 544–45.

B1341 ——, ‘El cuento a la luz de la novela’, in Cuentos (see Ad25), pp.ix–xxiv. LA as ‘el modelador de la novela-corta española de tipo moderno’.

B1342 ——, ‘El final de La Regenta’, ABC (M) (15.12.1984), iii. On Ana’s external defeat but immanent triumph as an inadaptada.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1343 ——, ‘Las ideologías en la España decimonónica’, El País (M) (14.3.1985), ii–iii. LA puts the enduring values of romanticism – interiority, grandeur, and poetry – to the test through naturalist experimentation.

B1344 ——, ‘La inspiración de Ana Ozores’, AGald, 21 (1986), 223–30. Focuses on two moments from Chs IV and XXVII of LR, in which Ana Ozores functions as a ‘writer’ as she composes verses to the Virgin Mary and, later, a private diary.

B1345 ——, ‘Introducción’, in El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos (see Ad50), pp.9–37. Provides brief discussions of all the stories in El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos, dividing them into three categories: cuentos fabulísticos, cuentos novelísticos, and El Señor, novela corta.

B1346 ——, ‘El lenguaje de la novela naturalista’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España (see B745), pp.583–615. LA’s critical writings and LR serve to discuss four points essential to naturalism: la impersonalidad enunciativa (narratorial stance); la corporeidad y socialidad (thematic concern); la biomorfología (artistic reproduction of life); and el verismo impresionista (stylistics).

B1347 ——, ‘Madame Bovary en La Regenta’ (1:B1163). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.223–33. B1348 ——, ‘La obra ejemplar de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’, Boletín Informativo Fundación Juan March (M), No.106 (July-Aug. 1981), 41–45. A preview of B1340.

B1349 ——, ‘Poesía y prosa en La Regenta’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.293–316. Suggests that the story of Ana Ozores represents the conflict between ‘poetry’ (the protagonist) and ‘prose’ (Vetusta). See also B1340 on the same subject.

B1350 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Clarín político, I (see Ab5), pp.9–14. Praise for Lissorgues’s organization of Clarinian materials and periods.

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Secondary Material B1351 ——, ‘La quiebra del naturalismo en la literatura española del final del siglo’, in El camino hacia el 98. (Los escritores de la Restauración y la crisis del fin de siglo), ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar (Madrid: Fundación Duques de Soria/Visor, 1998), pp.13–28. See pp.22–23, 25–27, et passim, on LA’s espiritualismo as a broadening of the possibilities of naturalism.

B1352 ——, ‘La Regenta’, in Siglo XIX, II, ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar, Historia de la literatura española, IX, gen. ed. Víctor García de la Concha (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1998), pp.623–39. Reviews the naturalist and romantic characteristics of LR.

B1353 ——, ‘La Regenta: de su final a su finalidad’, in Homenaje al profesor Antonio Vilanova, II, coord. Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez; ed. Marta Cristina Carbonell (Barcelona: Univ./PPU, 1989), pp.699–724. G.S. reiterates his romanticizing view of LR and its ending.

B1354 ——, ‘Sentimientos sin nombre en La Regenta’ (1:B1168). Extracted in Romanticismo y realismo. Primer suplemento, ed. Iris M. Zavala (Barcelona: Crítica, 1994), pp.360–63. B1355 ——, ‘Tres ensayos sobre La Regenta’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), p. 7. Introduction to articles by G. Gullón, J. Rutherford, and Y. Lissorgues (see B633, 727, and 1221), originally given at a special MLA session in Washington DC, 1984.

B1356 Soldevilla, Fernando, El año político 1901. Año VII (Madrid: Imprenta de Ricardo Rojas, 1902), pp.159–60. An obituary notice.

B1357 Soler y Miquel, Josep, ‘Clarín’ (1:B1170). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.242–52. A thoughtful essay on LA’s spiritualism and idealism; and the

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) tendency to combine disparate, even contradictory, elements into one harmonious whole in his writings.

B1358 ——, ‘Los cuentos de Clarín’ (1:B1171). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.56–62. B1359 ——, ‘Cuentos morales, por Leopoldo Alas’ (1:B1172). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.62– 70. B1360 *——, ‘Teresa, otra impresión’, La Publicidad (B) (23.6.1895). B1361 Solís [Gutiérrez], Jesús Andrés, ‘“Clarín” en Guimarán’, Candás 79 (1979), 69. On the Alas properties in Guimarán as described in ‘Doña Berta’.

B1362 ——, Homenaje a Palacio Valdés en Asturias (Candás: Imprenta El Faro-Candás, 1976), pp.13–14, 71, 73–74. On LA’s speech inaugurating the first stone of the Teatro Palacio Valdés in Avilés, 5 Aug. 1900; his son Leopoldo’s words honouring P.V. and remembering his father (21 June 1926); and P.V.’s own memories of LA (21 June 1926).

B1363 ——, Narraciones breves de “Clarín” de ambiente asturiano (Madrid: Ed. Jesús Andrés Solís Gutiérrez, 1987). 101 pp. A tissue of quotations and plot summaries.

B1364 Somovilla, Miguel, ‘Emilio Alarcos’, El País (M) (28.9.1984), 60. On the transformation of Oviedo as compared to LA’s Vetusta.

B1365 ——, ‘Especialistas en la obra de Leopoldo Alas se reúnen en el centenario de La Regenta’, El País (M) (26.11.1984), 30. Rpt. in Spain. Boletín Cultural, No.38 (Dec. 1984), 31. Details on the Oviedo centennial celebration.

288

Secondary Material B1366 ——, ‘Pinturas y textos sobre La Regenta en una edición de bibliófilo’, El País (M) (18.11.1984), 40. Describes B1098; and the travelling exhibit of the work.

B1367 ——, ‘La Regenta cumple cien años’, Tiempo (M), No.83 (12.12.1983), 148–49, 151, 153. On the initial reception of LR, and the centenary preparations.

B1368 Sorela, Pedro, ‘Ofensiva de la novela española en Francia’, El País (M) (26.9.1987), 29. Rpt., abridged, in El País (Ed. Internacional) (28.9.1987), 3; and in Spain. Boletín Cultural, No.71 (Oct. 1987), 16–17. On the significance of the first French translation of LR.

B1369 Soriano, Manuel, ‘La palmeta de “Clarín”’, Arte y Letras (M), 2, No.25 (23.6.1901), 372. Rpt. in Ab17 [p. 47]. On LA’s possible successor as leading fustigator of literary mediocrities.

B1370 Sotelo Vázquez, Adolfo, ‘“Cambio de luz”, palimpsesto’, España Contemporánea, 8, No.2 (1995), 101–16; and as ‘“Cambio de luz” y el pensamiento krausista de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, BILE (M), 2a época, No.22 (May 1995), 45–60. Using a narratological approach, S.V. looks at such intertexts as Krausism, Schopenhauer, and Bergson in LA’s story.

B1371 ——, ‘Clarín, crítico de las novelas galdosianas’, LdD, 20, No.48 (Sept.-Dec. 1990), 5–25. Shows how LA’s criticism of Galdós’s fiction is also a reading of contemporary novelistic norms.

B1372 ——, ‘“Clarín”, crítico de Valera’, CHA, No.415 (Jan. 1985), 37–51. Points out some ambiguous statements by LA about Valera’s novelistic art; and notes that LA’s Hegelian background and naturalist tendencies colour his views of Valera’s literary idealism.

289

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1373 ——, ‘Clarín en torno a Realidad (1889)’, RHM, 44 (1991), 35–47. Documents LA’s evolving stance on naturalism through his critical evaluation of Galdós’s work.

B1374 ——, ‘“Clarín” y América. Introducción’, in Los artículos de Leopoldo Alas ‘Clarín’ publicados en ‘Las Novedades’ (see Ab4), pp.5–23. Discusses LA’s contributions to Las Novedades (New York, 1894–97) and his attitude towards Latin American writers.

B1375 ——, ‘Clarín y la crítica de teatros (dos artículos desconocidos en Faro Moderno, 1899)’, Segismundo (M), 43–44 (1986), 223–56. Gives a documented and balanced commentary on LA’s critique of bad theatre practices and bad drama critics, and his desire, both ethical and aesthetic, for a regenerated Spanish theatre; also rpts two previously unknown pieces buried in Faro Moderno (B) (15.2– 15.4.1899). See also Ah84–85.

B1376 ——, ‘La crítica de Clarín a la luz de José Enrique Rodó (Dos artículos de Rodó en la Revista Nacional de Literatura y Ciencias Sociales, 1895)’, CHA, No.462 (Dec. 1988), 7–22. Reviews the Rodó-LA literary relationship to underline LA’s complex set of attitudes toward modernismo and Rodó’s position as the first serious critic of Clarín’s essays. See also Ah90.

B1377 ——, ‘El crítico Clarín ante el novelista Galdós’, Ínsula, No.561 (Sept. 1993), 32–33. Reviews LA’s contributions to Galdós criticism.

B1378 ——, ‘La descripción como revelación del personaje en la novela realista: Ana Ozores y la insignificancia’, LetP, 2, No.1 (Spring 1989), 7–18. Illustrates how LA integrates into LR’s diegesis a ‘sub-narration’ achieved largely through description, in a passage from Ch. XVI. This description, while significant, focuses on the apparent insignificance of things in Ana’s life.

290

Secondary Material B1379 ——, ‘En torno a la forja de la “Generación del 98”’, Ínsula, No.613 (Jan. 1998), 7–9. LA as an important example of regenerationist thinking.

B1380 ——, ‘En torno a Mi primera campaña (1893) de Rafael Altamira’, Scriptura (Lleida), 6–7 (1991), 91–104. Points out the intellectual and literary filiación clariniana of Altamira’s book.

B1381 ——, ‘Los escritores catalanes ante la literatura española de la crisis finisecular’, in El camino hacia el 98 (Los escritores de la Restauración y la crisis del fin de siglo), ed. Leonardo Romero Tobar (Madrid: Fundación Duques de Soria/Visor, 1998), pp.57–89. See pp.66–75, 78–82, et passim, for LA’s appreciation of the cosmopolitanism of such Barcelona critics as Josep Soler i Miquel, Ramón D. Perés, and Fernando Las Heras, who, in turn, praised LA’s short stories and his ethical idealism; and for LA’s regenerationist influence on Unamuno.

B1382 ——, ‘Escritura, descripción y relato en La Regenta: el salón de doña Petronila’, in Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín” (see B714), pp.23–42. Uses Bakhtin’s notion of the chronotope to analyse Doña Petronila’s salon.

B1383 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Apolo en Pafos (see Ab2), pp.xiii–xlvi. Extracted as ‘Lo cómico, el humorismo y la sátira en Apolo en Pafos’, in Romanticismo y realismo. Primer suplemento, ed. Iris M. Zavala (Barcelona: Crítica, 1994), pp.368–72. On Alas’s conception of the humorous and the satirical as related to other nineteenth-century notions of the same (Revilla, Giner, Richter, etc.) and to Bakhtinian ideas of Menippean satire.

B1384 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Galdós, novelista (see Ab8), pp.iii–xlii. A re-elaboration of ‘Clarín, crítico de las novelas galdosianas’ and ‘Clarín en torno a Realidad (1889)’ (see B1371 and 1373).

291

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1385 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” en Nueva York (1894–97): las novedades de Hispanoamérica’, CHA, No.511 (Feb. 1993), 115–23. On the thirty-five ‘Revistas literarias’ that LA contributed to Las Novedades of New York, in which, to A.S.V.’s mind, he gives his most complete views of contemporary Latin American literature.

B1386 ——, ed., Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo, Colección Literatura y Pensamiento, 1 (Barcelona: PPU, 1988). 253 pp. Introd. (pp.13–19). A collection of contemporary critical views and opinions of LA, such as those of González Serrano, Soler i Miquel, Federico Urales, Navarro y Ledesma, and others, who are illustrative of ‘el regeneracionismo liberal’ of the period, says S. V. With useful commentaries and annotations by S.V. See: B105, 106, 239, 261, 280, 596, 597, 599, 798, 922, 944, 1016, 1065, 1167, 1358, 1359, 1458, and 1492. Reviews: 1. Fernández Insuela, Antonio. BBMP (Santander), 68 (1992), 343–48.

2. Schnepf, Michael A. LetP, 5, No.1 (Spring 1992), 192–93. 3. Valis, Noël. HR, 60 (1992), 234–36.

B1387 ——, ‘Schopenhauer, Zola y Clarín’, ALE (Alicante), No.12 (1996), Serie Monográfica, No.2 (Schopenhauer y la creación literaria en España), ed. Miguel Ángel Lozano, 13–26. Suggests the influence of Schopenhauer’s philosophy of suffering and pessimism on LR, as mediated through Zola’s La Joie de vivre.

B1388 ——, ‘Urbano González Serrano y el joven Martínez Ruiz’, Anales Azorinianos (Monóvar, Alicante), 3 (1987), 63–80. See pp.64–65, 67–68, et passim, for the LA-Azorín literary relationship.

B1389 ——, ‘Valera desde la óptica crítica de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.921–37. LA’s great appreciation of Valera’s art and humour is tempered by his Hegelian- and Krausist-influenced dislike of the Andalusian’s moral

292

Secondary Material relativism and vague scepticism which exempts art as a form of knowledge.

B1390 Sotelo Vázquez, María, ‘Ángel Guerra de Benito Pérez Galdós ante la crítica de su tiempo’, in Actas del Cuarto Congreso Internacional de Estudios Galdosianos, I (1990) (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Ediciones del Cabildo Insular de Gran Canaria, 1993), pp.545–68. A synthesis of B1391.

B1391 Sotelo Vázquez, Marisa, ‘Ángel Guerra’ de Benito Pérez Galdós y sus críticos (1891), Colección Literatura y Pensamiento, 6 (Barcelona: PPU, 1990), pp.18, 21, 23–25, 38–41, 51–57, et passim. Discusses LA’s opinion of G.’s novel.

B1392 *Sotillo, Antonio, ‘Actualidad literaria. La cuestión “Clarín”. La Madre Seigel. “Pitos y flautas. Lo que dice Ros”’, El Pueblo (Valencia) (6.5.1895). B1393 ——, ‘Clarín (Semblanza literaria)’ (1:B1176). Rpt. as ‘Algo de literatura. Clarín’, in El Noroeste (Gijón), 1, No.3 (13.2.1897), [1–2]; and in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ (1884–1984) (see B302), pp.36–39. B1394 *Spaeth, Marjorie Lyon, ‘The Religious Question in La Regenta by Leopoldo Alas: Artistic Creation at the Service of Philosophical Inquiry’, unpubl. diss., Bryn Mawr College, 1988. 314 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 50, No.2 (1989), 456A. This study is divided into five parts: the historical antecedents to the religious question (the struggle between philosophical liberalism and ultra-montaine Catholicism) and the intellectual surroundings of 1870s Madrid; LA’s personal spiritual trajectory; the influence of Giner de los Ríos; an analysis of LA’s early writings, including his doctoral thesis; and an analysis of LR as ‘a fusion of artistic creativity and philosophical inquiry’.

293

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1395 Stackhouse, Kenneth A., ‘Translator’s Introduction’, in The Moral Tales (see Ai10), pp.ix–xviii. Background to the social-religious concern and characterization of the Cuentos morales.

B1396 Suárez, Albino, ‘El disparate de Carlos Rubiera’, La Nueva España (O) (31.1.1984), 18. In ‘Cartas al Director’ section. LA as an example of an Asturian writer who did not write in bable. See B1196–97.

B1397 Suárez, Rubén, ‘La Regenta: un libro sobre la mesa’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (17.5.1963), 8. Reports on a round-table given at the Univ. de Oviedo on LR. Participants were E. Alarcos Llorach, Bueno Martínez (on ‘Los filósofos en LR’), Santiago Melón Fernández (on ‘Tipos sicológicos en LR’), Martínez Cachero (‘Oviedo ante LR’), a Sr. Aspiroz (‘El provincianismo en LR’), Gamallo Fierros (‘Cómo reaccionaron ante LR los grandes escritores’), and Manuel Fernández Avello (‘Periódicos y periodistas de LR’).

B1398 Suárez Blanco, Germán, ‘Meditaciones sobre La Regenta. ¿Son Mesía y Quintanar dos parábolas convergentes?’, Andecha Pedagógica (O), 4, No.12 (1984), 55–59. Shows how the presentation of Víctor Quintanar goes from the degraded to the dignified, and that of Álvaro Mesía, in the opposite direction; and stresses the relative impotence not only of Víctor but also of Álvaro Mesía.

B1399 ——, ‘Personajes malditos en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.767–77. A description of the acolyte Celedonio, the governess Camila, and the maid Petra as immoral and spiteful characters.

B1400 Suárez-Lafuente, María S., ‘A Presupposition of Intertextuality in Clarín’s La Regenta and Chopin’s The Awakening’, RR, 79 (1988), 492–501. Parallels in the lives of the two protagonists, to which is added an unconvincing ‘presupposition of intertextuality’.

294

Secondary Material B1401 Suárez Solís, Sara, ‘Gastronomía en La Regenta’, BRIDEA (O), 48, No.144 (1994), 701–9. Descriptive cuisine.

B1402 Sutherland, Erika M., ‘“Consejos, limosna y algún palo”: la novela decimonónica y la violencia doméstica’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1993. 229 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 54, No.6 (1993), 2169A. On the aesthetic and metaliterary functions of domestic violence in SUH and other nineteenth-century Spanish texts.

B1403 Taboada, Luis, ‘De todo un poco. A “Clarín”’, Madrid Cómico, 15, No.666 (23.11.1895), 390. Humorously compares his tight economic situation with LA’s supposedly more comfortable one as a writer.

B1404 Taibo I, Paco Ignacio, ‘¡La recuerdo tal y cómo no fue!’, in ‘La Regenta’ cien años después (see B1098), n. pag. [2 pp.]. Compares his first youthful reading of LR with later, less ‘innocent’ readings.

B1405 Talmor, Sascha, ‘La Regenta: Scenes from Provincial Life in Nineteenth-Century Spain’, DUJ, 53 (Jan. 1992), 123– 29. Using the English translation of LR as a point of departure, S.T. gives a general introduction to first-time readers of LR; and notes that LR, like Don Quijote, ‘is a very funny and a very serious book’.

B1406 Tannenberg, Boris de, ‘La Regenta, por Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, *Revue du Monde Latin (Montpellier), 7 (Sept.– Dec. 1885), 144. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.200–1. Favourable rev., in which T. notes resemblance to Madame Bovary.

Tarfe [pseud.]: See Friera, Ataúlfo.

295

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1407 Thompson, Clifford R., Jr., ‘Egoism and Alienation in the Works of Leopoldo Alas’ (1:B1191). Extracted in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism (see B1070), pp.19– 22. B1408 Tintoré [Espuny], María José, ‘Cada cual tiene su manera de matar pulgas’, Patio de Letras. Revista de Filologia i Literatura (Univ. de Barcelona), No.2 (Dec. 1982), 49–53. On the numerous errata in the first ed. of LR. LA’s own errors are the result of haste and his method of working without a draft.

B1409 *——, ‘La crítica a La Regenta en la prensa del siglo XIX’, tesis de licenciatura, Univ. de Barcelona, 1984. B1410 ——, ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo, Colección Palabra Crítica, 1 (Barcelona: Lumen, 1987). 407 pp. Prol. by Antonio Vilanova (pp.7–40). M.J.T.’s descriptive reception study is divided into six parts: 1. Primeras noticias; 2. Valoraciones de La Regenta en epistolarios particulares; 3. La prensa extranjera y los primeros intentos de traducción; 4. Otras ediciones de La Regenta en vida de Clarín; 5. Polémicas literarias a propósito de La Regenta; and 6. Temas y motivos de la crítica coetánea a La Regenta. But the appendices, in which she reprints hard-to-find reviews and reactions toward LR, constitute the most valuable part of this study. For these, see: Af11; B50, 89, 139, 173, 263, 285, 466, 491, 514, 654, 680, 704, 813, 932, 934, 941, 943, 988, 997, 1006, 1047, 1053, 1138, 1158, 1264, 1265, 1268, 1273, 1357, 1406, 1495–96, 1498, 1507, 1514, 1532, 1535, 1546, 1593–94, 1667–68, 1683, and 1702. Also includes a selective bibliography (pp.397–404). Some bibliographical inconsistencies and errors. Reviews: 1. González Herrán, José Manuel. Ínsula, No.487 (June 1987), 9.

2. López [-Barxas], Francisco. Diario 16 (M) (19.12.1987), iii; & La Nueva España (O) (6.1.1988), 42. 3. Richmond, Carolyn. HR, 59 (1991), 106–8. 4. Sotelo Vázquez, Adolfo. España Contemporánea, 2, No.3 (1989), 118–23. 5. Valis, Noël. RF, 100 (1988), 478–80.

296

Secondary Material B1411 ——, ‘La Regenta en la prensa de su época’, Los Cuadernos del Norte (O), 8, No.40 (Dec. 1986–Feb. 1987), 66–72. An extract from B1410.

B1412 ——, ‘Su único hijo, novela incomprendida’, in Homenaje al profesor Antonio Vilanova, II, coord. Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez; ed. Marta Cristina Carbonell (Barcelona: Univ./PPU, 1989), pp.777–97. Gives a useful overview of the largely uncomprehending reviews SUH received in its day.

Tirado, Carlos: See Aullón de Haro, Pedro. B1413 Toledano García, María Cruz, ‘La frustración como característica del bovarysmo en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.779–93. An oft-treated theme. Doesn’t seem to be aware of Albert Brent’s thesis of LR as an autobiographical study in frustration (see 1:B211).

B1414 ——, ‘Madame Bovary y La Regenta: semejanzas y diferencias en su proceso creativo y en su realidad estética’, unpubl. diss., Univ. de Málaga, 1989. 824 pp. 9 microfiches (No.27). A study of the personalities of Flaubert and LA; their theories of the novel; the structure and style of LR and Madame Bovary; the characterizations of Ana Ozores and Emma Bovary; bovarysm; and the critical reception of both novels.

B1415 ——, ‘Presencia de Flaubert en Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, in Imágenes de Francia en las letras hispánicas, ed. Francisco Lafarga (Barcelona: PPU, 1989), pp.389–97. Reviews parallels and differences in vision and style between Flaubert and LA.

B1416 *——, ‘La Regenta, casi cien años de soledad’, Sur (Málaga) (30.1.1984).

297

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1417 *——, ‘La Regenta y Vetusta’, Sur (Málaga) (26.1.1984). B1418 Tolivar Alas, Ana Cristina, ‘Clarín y la cultura francesa’, Ici et Là (M), No.8 (June 1988), 42–43. Comments on the French translation of LR and on LA’s well-informed interest in French culture.

B1419 ——, ‘El joven Leopoldo Alas traduce a Racine. Aspectos trágicos en La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.1099–1124. At age 17, LA translated part of La Thébaïde and began an introduction to a projected translation of all Racine’s tragedies (see Ah118). T. A. comments on the presence of Racine in LA’s work and the quality of the translation, citing examples. She also suggests, but does not develop, a possible reading of Ana Ozores as a modern Racinian tragic heroine.

B1420 Tolliver, Joyce, Cigar Smoke and Violet Water: Gendered Discourse in the Stories of Emilia Pardo Bazán (Lewisburg PA: Bucknell Univ. Press, 1998), pp.23–29. On LA’s anti-Pardo Bazán attacks.

B1421 Tomás, Paca, ‘La Universidad de Barcelona celebra el centenario de La Regenta con un simposio sobre “Clarín”’, El Correo Catalán (B) (26.3.1984), 13. Reports on the Symposium papers; and on Ac8.

Tomás Vilaplana, Luis de: See Díez Rodríguez, Miguel. B1422 Tomasso, Vincenzo de, ‘Leopoldo Alas e La Regenta’, CeS, 28, No.109 (Jan.–Mar. 1989), 37–43. Introductory pages on LA as critic and novelist and his changing reputation in the 1980s.

B1423 Tomsich, Maria Giovanna, ‘Histeria y narración en La Regenta’, ALE (Alicante), No.5 (1986–87), 495–517. Reads into LR a Freudian use of narration as a cathartic release for characters through remembering. Seems unaware of past work on hysteria and LR.

298

Secondary Material B1424 Torre, Guillermo de, ‘Clarín, crítico y novelista’ (1:B1200). Rpt., slightly abridged, as ‘Prólogo’, in Cuentos (see Ad18), pp.ix–xviii. B1425 *Torrendell, J., ‘Cuestiones literarias: Clarín y sus escritos’, La Publicidad (B) (22.6.1895). B1426 *——, ‘Teresa, después de la representación’, La Publicidad (B) (18.6.1895). B1427 Torres, David, ‘Clarín y las vírgenes locas: doce autores en busca de una novela’, CHA, No.415 (Jan. 1985), 53–63. A review of LA’s contribution to the collectively authored spoof, Las vírgenes locas. Seems unaware of previous criticism, notably Martínez Cachero’s (1:B719).

B1428 ——, ‘Juan Ochoa escribe sobre Teresa, de Clarín’, BIDEA (O), 38, No.113 (1984), 951–55. Introductory remarks on J. Ochoa preface the rpting of his 1895 rev. of Teresa. See also B961.

B1429 ——, Studies on Clarín: An Annotated Bibliography, Scarecrow Author Bibliographies, 79 (Metuchen NJ/London: Scarecrow Press, 1987). 204 pp. Contains 1128 entries, limited to secondary-source material and divided into the following categories: 1. Books and pamphlets; 2. Articles and prefaces; 3. Master’s and doctoral theses; 4. Reviews; and 5. Miscellaneous. Inconsistent annotations, inconvenient arrangement of entries, and poor indexing mar this otherwise useful bibliography. Reviews: 1. Eberenz, Rolf. RF, 101 (1989), 154.

2. Fernández Insuela, Antonio, BBMP (Santander), 66 (1990), 380–83. 3. Henderson, D.C., Jr. Choice, 25, No.4 (Dec. 1987), 605. 4. Junquera, Mercedes. REH, 22, No.1 (1988), 141–42. 5. Martínez Cachero, José María. BIDEA (O), 42, No.126 (1988), 469–72. 6. Richmond, Carolyn. HR, 57 (1989), 251–55. 7. Rutherford, John. MLR, 84 (1989), 1012–13. 8. Valis, Noël. Hispania, 71 (1988), 828–29.

299

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1430 ——, ‘Tres poesías desconocidas de Leopoldo Alas’, BIDEA (O), 40, No.117 (1986), 201–6. Briefly discusses and rpts three poems publ. in La Gran Vía (M), 1895: ‘Córdoba’, ‘Fragmentos de un incendio’, and ‘De la torre’. Gamallo Fierros in 1:B1411 also rpts these last two. See also Ah53–54 and 62.

B1431 Torrijos, José María, ‘La Regenta: claves de lectura en su primer centenario’, Religión y Cultura (M), 31 (May-June 1985), 359–97. Loosely connected series of topics, which is a tissue of earlier critics.

B1432 Tuero, Tomás, ‘Sombras en la sombra’, *El Solfeo (M) (11.1.1878). Rpt. in Fernández Rodríguez Avello’s Tomás Tuero (1:B398), pp.102–6. Defends his friend Clarín for having written an article titled ‘La verdad suficiente’ (in Eco del Nalón [30.12.1877]) on the ‘filosofía de lo relativo’. Conservative religious elements went after LA for seeming to attack church values.

B1433 Turin, Yvonne, La educación y la escuela en España de 1874 a 1902. Liberalismo y tradición. Trans. Josefa Hernández Alfonso (Madrid: Aguilar, 1967), pp.73–75, et passim. Spanish version of 1:B1217. B1434 Turner, Harriet S., ‘Dinámica reflexiva en “¡Adiós, Cordera!”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.911–19. Suggests that ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ is a self-reflexive, artistically selfconscious text which ends up placing in doubt the substantiality of the fictional world created through language.

B1435 ——, ‘From the Verbal to the Visual in La Regenta’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.67–86. Analyses how verbal communication is taken over by visual modes signifying ‘images of moral dissolution and absence’.

300

Secondary Material B1436 ——, ‘Vetusta: espacio-fuerza en La Regenta’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.31–41. Focuses on some of the ironic inversions and decadent motifs, read visually in the novel.

B1437 ——, ‘Vigencia de Clarín: vistas retrospectivas en torno a La Regenta’ (1:B1218). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.69–92. B1438 Ullman, P[ierre] L., ‘Alas Ureña, Leopoldo (Clarín)’, in Historical Dictionary of Modern Spain, 1700–1988, ed. Robert W. Kern; assoc. ed. Meredith D. Dodge (New York: Greenwood Press, 1990), pp.2–3. An introduction to LA.

B1439 ——, ‘The Cow as a Mock Christ Figure in Antifeminist Psychology: Clarín’s “¡Adiós, Cordera!”’, in his A Contrapuntal Method for Analyzing Spanish Literature (Potomac MD: Scripta Humanistica, 1988), pp.160–89. A reworked version of 1:B1222.

B1440 Unamuno, Miguel de, ‘La afanosa grandiosidad española’ (1:B1223). Rpt. in his De esto y de aquello, III (Buenos Aires: Ed. Sudamericana, 1953), pp.91–94. ——: See also Fernández Larraín, Sergio. Urales y Carret, Federico [pseud.]: See Montseny, Juan. B1441 Urdiales Campos, Millán, ‘Reminiscencias de Maupassant en un cuento de “Clarín”’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.939–47. Struggles to establish similarities between ‘En voyage’ (1883; publ. in Miss Harriet, 1884) and ‘El dúo de la tos’ (1894; publ. in Cuentos morales, 1896).

B1442 Urey, Diane F., ‘“Rumores estridentes”: Ana’s Resonance in Clarín’s La Regenta’, MLR, 82 (1987), 356–75. A Derridean analysis using his notions of différance and identity to

301

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) suggest that, through the medium and catalyst of sound, Ana attempts to achieve self-identity by making present Otherness (the mother, for example). But such Otherness and sounds are mere images.

B1443 ——, ‘Writing Ana in Clarín’s La Regenta’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.29–45. A deconstructive view of Ana Ozores’s textual/linguistic incompleteness, in which the protagonist is caught ‘in her own doubly representational process, unable to get beyond her self-images, but not recognizing them as images’.

B1444 Urioste Soto, Juan, ‘Semblanzas contemporáneas a vuela pluma’, La Saeta (B), 2, No.43 (17.9.1891), 603, 606. Light verses on LA as an intimidating critic.

B1445 Urrecha, Federico [pseud.: Amaniel], ‘Bocetos madrileños. “Clarín”’, El Heraldo de Madrid (27.1.1896), [1]. Favourable rev. of Cuentos morales.

B1446 ——, ‘Madrid’, El Imparcial (M) (13.7.1891), [3]. Another book of LA’s (SUH) means another attack from his numerous enemies, says F.U.

B1447 ——, ‘Madrid’, Los Lunes de El Imparcial (M) (29.1.1894), [6–7]. Agrees with LA that a homage to Campoamor immediately after one to Núñez de Arce would not go over well.

B1448 ——, ‘Madrid’, Los Lunes de El Imparcial (M) (10.9.1894), [2]. Asks LA’s opinion regarding recent declarations supposedly by Pardo Bazán on the state of Spanish theatre. LA’s reply comes on 18.9.1894, ‘Para alusiones’.

B1449 ——, ‘Madrid. A Clarín. En Oviedo’, Los Lunes de El Imparcial (M) (24.9.1894), [3]. Urges authors like Clarín to write for the theatre and hence bring new blood to it, even though the public may judge such plays on the basis

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Secondary Material of an author’s name and reputation alone. This is a reply to LA’s open letter of 14 Sept. on the same subject. Is Alas writing a play?, he asks.

B1450 *Urrecha, Fernando, [Rev. of El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos], Actualidades, 1 (1893), 62. Cited by B1043, p.68.

B1451 Utt, Roger L., ‘Introducción’, in Textos y con-textos de Clarín (see Ab15), pp.9–22. Utt explains the criteria for his ed. of LA’s eleven contributions to El Porvenir (M, 1882); and notes that the articles represent a Clarinian microcosmos periodístico, in which LA engages in a constant dialogue with his ‘interlocutores textuales’.

B1452 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas y su Liga Literaria HispanoPortuguesa’, Hispania, 71 (1988), 780–92. See Ch. 8 of his Textos y con-textos (Ab15), a modified version of same. Also rpts two LA articles on iberismo (Ah66 and 67).

B1453 Val, Mariano Miguel de, ‘Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, Chorizos y Polacos (M), 1, No.2 (23.6.1901), 3. Necrology.

B1454 Valbuena, Antonio de [pseud.: Escalada, Miguel de], ‘¡Cómo se escribe!… IV’, El Heraldo de Madrid (2.7.1892), [2]. Rpt. in his Agridulces, políticos y literarios. (Segunda toma), II (Madrid: Administración/J. Lerin, 1893), pp.112–15. A mixed rev. of Ensayos y revistas. V. likes LA’s writing but thinks he is too sectarian and passionate. ‘No es sectario tan apasionado y furioso como Picón, que arremete a ojos cerrados contra todo lo que huele a catolicismo; pero es algo sectario’.

B1455 Valdés, Juan Alfonso, ‘Prólogo’ (1:B1229). Rpt. in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ (1884–1984) (see B302), pp.40–41. B1456 Valdés, Mario J., ‘Hermenéutica de la representación fílmica de la mujer: La Regenta, ¿Qué he hecho yo para merecer esto? y Danzón’, RCEH, 20 (1995), 69–80. Sees the 1974 film version of LR as a cultural expression of a

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) particular social community, and the female protagonist as both victim and object of desire.

B1457 Valdivia, Aniceto, ‘El Señorito Octavio, de Armando Palacio Valdés’, Madrid Cómico, 2, No.66 (27.3.1881), 6– 7; No.67 (3.4.1881), 7. Disputes LA’s claim that El señorito Octavio is a ‘novela trascendental’. LA responded in a ‘Palique’ (El Mundo Moderno [M], No.30).

B1458 Valentí Camp, S[antiago], ‘“Clarín”’, in his *Atisbos y disquisiciones (Barcelona: Biblioteca Sociológica Internacional, 1908), pp.xi–xv. Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.215–17. Talks about the ‘don mágico de la fascinación’ of LA’s personality over those who came to know him.

B1459 Valis, Noël, ‘Another Clarín Prologue to Carlyle?’, LetP, 2, No.3 (Winter 1989), 303–12. Comments on the posthumous reappearance of parts of LA’s prologue to Carlyle’s On Heroes (1:Ag5) and rpts the text. See 1:Ag6; and Ag1.

B1460 ——, ‘Aspects of an Improper Birth: Clarín’s La Regenta’, in New Hispanisms: Literature, Culture, Theory, ed. Mark I. Millington & Paul Julian Smith (Ottawa: Dovehouse, 1994), pp.96–126. Using a cultural criticism approach, examines the centrality of the body and sexuality in LR to show that what emerges out of this body is not simply the consciousness of sin, but the shape of imagination. Review: 1. Fiore, Robert L. Hispania, 80 (Mar. 1997), 57–58.

B1461 ——, ‘Clarín’, in Dictionary of the Literature of the Iberian Peninsula, I, ed. Germán Bleiberg, Maureen Ihrie, & Janet Pérez (Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1993), pp.411–14. Overview of LA’s works; with bibliography.

B1462 ——, ‘Clarín en los años 80’, Boletín de la Asociación Internacional de Galdosistas, 6, No.1 (1985), [10–12]. Gives a bibliographical overview of Clarín editions and critical studies publ. in the 1980s.

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Secondary Material B1463 ——, ‘Clarín y la vida cultural del extranjero: tres artículos desconocidos (Miscelánea, 1900)’, BRIDEA (O), 47, No.141 (1993), 157–78. Discusses and reproduces three Clarinian articles on foreign literature and writers such as Sienkiewicz (Quo vadis?), Nietzsche, Solovief, Sidgwick, Eça de Queirós, Balzac, and Japanese drama and fiction. LA’s position is more than europeizante; it is internacionalizante, in these pieces. See also Ah71–73.

B1464 ——, ‘Clarín y su siglo’, in Hitos y mitos de ‘La Regenta’ (see B664), pp.32–33. An introduction to the selected proceedings of the 1985 Univ. of Georgia Symposium.

B1465 ——, ‘Confesión y cuerpo en Insolación, de Emilia Pardo Bazán’, in Estudios sobre Emilia Pardo Bazán. In Memoriam Maurice Hemingway, ed. José Manuel González Herrán (Santiago de Compostela: Univ., 1997), pp.321–51. Clarín’s visceral rejection of Insolación reveals not only unease with P.B.’s sense of sexual daring, but ironically, the same coenesthetic sensibility.

B1466 ——, ‘La crisis de la autoridad en el “fin de siglo” español: “Cuesta abajo”, de Clarín’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España, (see B745), pp.400–20. On the subversion of patriarchal authority through substitution of the feminized sentimental novel form, along with the tension and contradictions which this process, expressed as ‘modernity’, creates in the unfinished ‘Cuesta abajo’.

B1467 ——, ‘Dos poesías de almanaque, por Leopoldo Alas’, ALE (Alicante), No.7 (1991), 195–205. Discusses and reproduces, with annotations, two poems from the 1870s, one satirical and the other lyric. See also Ah58 and 62.

B1468 ——, ‘En busca de las huellas de una incomprensión histórica: el joven Leopoldo Alas y la cuestión cubana’, LetP, 5, No.1 (Spring 1992), 23–39. Rpts and discusses LA’s poem, ‘A la memoria de Gonzalo Castañón’

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) (1871), as a way of exploring LA’s early views on the ‘Cuban question’ and, in a larger context, the differing understandings of what constituted nation and nationalism. See also Ah50.

B1469 ——, ‘El espectro de Clarín’, in Homenaje al profesor Antonio Vilanova, II, coord. Adolfo Sotelo Vázquez; ed. Marta Cristina Carbonell (Barcelona: Univ./PPU, 1989), pp.799–807. Analyses how Clarín turns into a ‘meta-Clarín’ in modern fiction by Francisco G. Orejas (‘El asesinato de Clarín’ y otras ficciones, 1981) and Leopoldo Alas [Mínguez] (África entera tocando el tan-tan, 1981).

B1470 ——, ‘La función del arte y la historia en “Doña Berta” de Clarín’, BHS (Liverpool), 63 (1986), 67–78. Author argues that art functions as both a synthesizing and liberating force in ‘Doña Berta’, mediating between the dialectic poles of history and inner history (intrahistoria) in order to persuade us, paradoxically, of the superior value of life itself.

B1471 ——, ‘La huella del cardenal Wiseman en España’, BRAE, 64 (1984), 423–49. Pp.438–43 deal with the image of Ana Ozores as ‘la Fabiola moderna’, a darkened version of Wiseman’s 1857 heroine.

B1472 ——, Leopoldo Alas (Clarín): An Annotated Bibliography, Research Bibliographies and Checklists, 46 (London: Grant and Cutler, 1986). 279 pp. Divided into Primary Material (296 main entries, with 78 reviews) and Secondary Material (1452 main entries, with 117 reviews). Four indexes: Subject Index, Index of Alas’s Works, Literary Figures, and Scholars and Critics. Reviews: 1. Hemingway, Maurice. BHS (Liverpool), 67 (1990), 193.

2. López [-Barxas], Francisco. Diario 16 (M) (19.12.1987),iii; & La Nueva España (O) (6.1.1988), 42. 3. Martínez Cachero, José María. Ínsula, No.498 (May 1988), 8–9. 4. Miller, Stephen. Hispania, 74 (1991), 313. 5. Richmond, Carolyn. HR, 57 (1989), 251–55. 6. Woodbridge, Hensley C. RQ, 35 (1988), 378–79. 7. Anon. FMLS, 27, No.2 (1991), 192.

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Secondary Material B1473 ——, ed., ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (Ann Arbor: Michigan Romance Studies, vol. X, 1990). 220 pp. See: B379, 582, 626, 799, 1127, 1152, 1189, 1223, 1245, 1319, 1435, 1443, 1477–78. Reviews: 1. Bauer, Beth Wietelmann. RQ, 39 (1992), 502–4.

2. Bynum, Brant. LetP, 7, No.1 (1994), 386–88. 3. Gullón, Germán. Hispania, 75 (1992), 323–24. 4. Jaén Andrés, Victoria. An Annotated Bibliography of Hispanic Feminist Criticism, ed. Lou Charnon-Deutsch (Stony Brook NY: Feministas Unidas, 1994), pp.43–44. 5. Sutherland, Erika M. HR, 61 (1993), 577–79.

B1474 ——, ‘Novel into Painting: Transition in Spanish Realism’, AGald, 20 (1985), 9–22. On the fin de siècle move toward artistic autonomy in LA’s ‘Doña Berta’, Galdós’s Tristana and Picón’s Dulce y sabrosa. In ‘Doña Berta’, LA uses the forms of art to illuminate and heighten the dearness of life.

B1475 ——, ‘On Monstrous Birth: Leopoldo Alas’s La Regenta’, in Naturalism in the European Novel: New Critical Perspectives, ed. Brian Nelson (London/New York: Berg, 1992), pp.191–209. Focuses on Ana Ozores’s nightmare in Ch. XIX in order to examine how the traditional misogynist vision of a woman’s body is converted into a naturalist text as feminine construct. A woman’s body (Ana’s) acts as a kind of composition in the throes of de-composition, in the process allowing the monstrous, the larval, to make their strangeness known.

B1476 ——, ‘Order and Meaning in Clarín’s La Regenta’ (1:B1242). Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism (see B1040), pp.26–31 (minus footnotes); and as ‘Orden y sentido de La Regenta’, in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.336–51. B1477 ——, ‘The Perfect Copy: Clarín’s Su único hijo and the Flaubertian Connection’, PMLA, 104 (1989), 856–67. Rpt.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.117–40. On copying as both duplication and writing, both of which inform the structure and thematics of the novel. Where Flaubert’s Bouvard et Pécuchet is about copying and an absent father, Clarín’s novel is about the inescapable paternal presence, the sign of individuality, and the assertion of self.

B1478 ——, ‘Preface’, in ‘Malevolent Insemination’ and Other Essays on Clarín (see B1473), pp.vii–ix. Introduces points of contact among essays of the collection.

B1479 ——, ‘Rethinking the Canon’, ModA, 30 (1986), 333–35. Rev.-art. on Rutherford’s translation of LR; and on the present status of LA’s novel in Spain and beyond.

B1480 ——, ‘Simposio sobre Clarín en la Universidad de Georgia’, Hispania, 69 (1986), 139. Information on the Oct. 1985 Symposium.

B1481 ——, ‘Sobre la última frase de La Regenta’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.795–808. Discusses the connections LA establishes between the demoniacal presence of the toad and the eschatological vision, in the double sense of the word, with which the novel ends. Suggests that LR is constructed through a series of endings, or small apocalyptic moments, erupting at various points in the narrative.

B1482 ——, ‘“Tambor y gaita”: Clarín’s Last Project?’ (1:B1247). Review: 1. Llorente Maldonado de Guevara, Antonio. RFE, 67 (1987), 417.

B1483 *Valle, Evaristo, ‘Recuerdos de la vida de un pintor’ (1950), in his Caricaturas, humor gráfico y otras ironías de Evaristo Valle (Gijón: Museo Evaristo Valle, 1984), pp.12–16. Reminiscences of LA’s friendly arguments with the local Guimarán clergymen during his summer visits, according to B313, pp.65–67.

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Secondary Material B1484 *Vallejo Mejía, Mary Luz, ‘La crítica literaria como género periodístico’, unpubl. diss., Univ. de Navarra, 1992. 680 pp. Abstracted in DAI, 55, No.4 (1994), 1030C. Analyses newspaper writings by LA and others within a historical and cultural context.

B1485 Vargas Llosa, Mario, ‘El inca, ilustrado, y Oviedo’, Papeles Cine (Casa Municipal de Cultura, Avilés), 4, No.19–C (June 1984), 80. Extract from his La orgía perpetua (Madrid: Taurus, 1975); on LR.

B1486 Vázquez Cuesta, Pilar, ‘O efémero idílio de Clarín com a literatura portuguesa’, in her A Espanha ante o ‘Ultimatum’ (Lisbon: Livros Horizonte, 1975), pp.195–201. Briefly describes LA’s interest in starting a Liga Literaria HispanoPortuguesa and some of his reviews of contemporary Portuguese literature.

B1487 Vázquez Maldonado, F., ‘Un juicio de “Clarín”’, in his Pareceres (Almería: Diario de Almería, 1930), pp.31–36. Disagrees with LA’s opinion that the two main characters of Galdós’s La loca de la casa, Victoria and Pepet, are engaged in an insignificant, fruitless struggle.

B1488 *Vega, Enrique de la, Madroños. Primera y segunda serie (Con un ‘Palique’ de Clarín), 2 vols (Madrid: Renacimiento/Imprenta de Felipe Peña Cruz, 1913–14). See also Ah58.

B1489 Vega, Juan, ‘La Regenta como antiutopía’, La Nueva España (O) (7.8.1984), 2. Critics have a tendency to box in LR ideologically, when the novel is much more universal – and relativist – than such narrow views of it.

B1490 Vega, Ricardo de la, ‘Al poeta Velarde, en su poema Fray Juan’, Madrid Cómico, 1, No.5 (1.2.1880), 3–6. Responds with rather confusing satiric verses to LA’s critique of a Velarde poem (La Unión [M] [25.1.1880]). Vega’s poem incorporates,

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) mockingly, lines from LA’s early poetic effort, ‘El mártir de la duda’ (publ. in Revista Europea [M] [3.3.1878]).

B1491 Velázquez, Alberto, ‘Se rueda La Regenta’, El Semanal TV (M) (21.5.1994), 6–9. On the set of the three-part television series, being filmed by Fernando Méndez-Leite.

B1492 Verdes Montenegro, José, ‘Clarín’, *Madrid (18.6.1901). Rpt. in Leopoldo Alas y el fin de siglo (see B1386), pp.180–81. An appreciation of LA’s intellectual qualities.

B1493 Verdú de Gregorio, Joaquín, ‘Introducción’, in Viaje a Madrid (see Ab16), pp.13–89. V. divides his introduction into five parts: ‘La generación de 1868’; ‘La novela y el cuento’; ‘La mujer’; ‘La Regenta’; and ‘Madrid como encrucijada’.

B1494 Vicenti, Alfredo, ‘Bibliografía. La lucha por el derecho’, La Ilustración Gallega y Asturiana (M), 3, No.8 (18.3.1881), 94–95. Rpt. in Laureano Bonet (see B194), p.104. Praises LA’s prologue.

B1495 ——, ‘Una novela. La Regenta’, El Globo (M), 11, No.3428 (16.3.1885), 1–2. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.128–37. Favourable rev.; also discusses Spanish naturalism and readership in Spain.

B1496 Vida, Jerónimo, ‘La Regenta, de D. Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’ (1:B1268). Rpt. in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ (1884– 1984) (see B302), pp.98–101; and in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.160–66. B1497 ——, ‘… Sermón perdido (crítica y sátira) por Clarín’, El Progreso (M) (20.10.1885), [3]. Praises LA’s beneficial influence on Spanish letters, but feels he is excessively hard on second-rate figures.

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Secondary Material B1498 Vida, Natalio, ‘La Regenta, por don Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, *El Progreso (M), 5, No.1529 (24.7.1885), 3. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.151–59. Despite LR’s ‘pesadez’, its one great defect, for N.V., this is an excellent novel.

B1499 Vidal Tibbits, Mercedes, ‘El aislamiento del individuo en Cuentos morales, de Clarín’, in Estudios en homenaje a Enrique Ruiz Fornells, ed. Juan Fernández Jiménez, José J. Labrador Herraiz, & Teresa L. Valdivieso (Erie PA: Asociación de Licenciados y Doctores Españoles en Estados Unidos, 1990), pp.688–93. Divides the protagonists in Cuentos morales into three categories: ególatras, víctimas, and símbolos.

B1500 ——, ‘La ausencia de la madre de Ana en La Regenta’, Ojáncano, No.11 (Apr. 1996), 91–98. A descriptive summary of Ana Ozores’s orphaned loneliness.

B1501 ——, ‘Un cuento absurdo de Clarín: “La tara”’, in La Chispa ’93: Selected Proceedings, ed. Gilberto Paolini (New Orleans: Tulane Univ., 1993), pp.248–53. In parodying romantic drama, ‘La tara’ anticipates the theatre of the absurd.

B1502 ——, ‘La dinámica de la soledad de Ana Ozores en La Regenta’, in Actas del X Congreso de la Asociación Internacional de Hispanistas, II, ed. Antonio Vilanova (Barcelona: Univ./PPU, 1992), pp.1535–41. Largely descriptive article on Ana’s vacillations between accepting her solitary state and rebelling against it.

B1503 ——, ‘Ecos de las teorías de Émile Zola en la crítica teatral de Leopoldo Alas y Josep Yxart’, RCEH, 15 (1991), 334–41. Finds that Yxart is more directly influenced by Taine than by Zola, whereas LA’s ideas on theatre reflect Zola’s.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1504 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas y Josep Yxart, críticos teatrales’, in Selected Proceedings: The Thirty-Fourth Annual Mountain Interstate Foreign Language Conference, ed. Eduardo Zayas-Bazán & Christa I. Hungate (Johnson City: East Tennessee State Univ., 1986), pp.332–36. On similarities in the two critics’ ideas about reforms necessary in the Spanish theatre.

B1505 ——, ‘La maternidad parodiada y subvertida en La Regenta’, Ojáncano, No.12 (Apr. 1997), 57–67. Describes the lack of a maternal instinct in several characters of LR who are mothers or mother-substitutes, such as Doña Paula, the marquesa de Vegallana, Visitación, and Camila.

B1506 ——, ‘La Trinidad en La Regenta’, LetP, 8, No.2 (Fall 1995), 279–93. Sees in Víctor Quintanar (the Father), Álvaro Mesía (the Son), and Fermín de Pas (the Holy Spirit) a parodic reenactment of the Holy Trinity.

B1507 Vidart, Luis, ‘La Historia y la Novela’, Revista de España (M), 121, Nos 479–80 (May–June 1888), 19–29, 218–31. Rpt. in part in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.228–31. Considers LR an ‘epic’ of the Zola variety.

B1508 ——, ‘La novela del P. Coloma (Juicio público). Dos novelas’, El Heraldo de Madrid (16.4.1891), [1]. Compares Pequeñeces and LR as two novelas de costumbres.

B1509 Vigara Tauste, Ana María, ‘Clarín ante un actor del siglo XIX: Rafael Calvo’, Teatro en España (M), No.11 (Oct.– Nov. 1982), 15–23. Mostly gives a digest of LA’s ideas about Rafael Calvo (see 1:Ab18), with details about the actor from other sources.

B1510 Vigil, M[anuel], ‘La huelga de Gijón y la ponzoña anarquista. (Notas para la historia del movimiento obrero).

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Secondary Material XII. La intervención de “Clarín”’, El Socialista (M), 16, No.796 (7.6.1901), 2–3; and in *La Aurora Social (Gijón), No.87 (15.6.1901). Comments favourably on LA’s role as mediator in the strike. If Clarín’s efforts failed, it was because ‘los que entonces tenían vara alta entre los obreros no veían más allá de sus narices’.

B1511 Vila-Belda, Reyes, ‘La estrategia del injerto en La Regenta’, RHM, 51 (1998), 13–21. Grafting and hybridity are fundamental not only thematically as metaphors but structurally as a narrative strategy in LR.

B1512 Vilanova, Antonio, ‘El adulterio de Anita Ozores como problema fisiológico y moral’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.43–82. Discusses Ana Ozores’s sexual frustration as the physiological and emotional cause of her hysteria; and LA’s condemnation of sexual repression.

B1513 ——, ‘Introducción’, in Clarín y su obra (see B304), pp.9–12. Details on the Barcelona Symposium held 20–24 Mar. 1984.

B1514 ——, ‘Introducción’, in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.7–40. Goes over the genesis of LR and LA’s fear of a hostile critical reception. Despite some negative reviews and the silence of some colleagues, LR, over all, received thoughtful praise.

B1515 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Ensayos y revistas (see Ab7), pp.7–69. Reviews LA’s relationship to naturalism and his growing interest in a renewed spiritualism, as evidenced in Ensayos y revistas.

B1516 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Mezclilla (see Ab11), pp.7–38. Discusses the transitional nature of criticism found in Mezclilla, as LA moves away from the restrictions of naturalism and towards a more spiritual, less dogmatic stance; stresses Clarín’s personal, subjective approach to literary criticism; and the influence of Paul Bourget.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1517 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Nueva campaña (see Ab12), pp.7–62. Gives the literary and cultural context in which the Nueva campaña collection appeared in 1887, noting LA’s gradual distancing from a strict naturalism.

B1518 ——, ‘La Regenta de “Clarín” entre la ley natural y el deber moral’, in Clarín y ‘La Regenta’ en su tiempo (see B303), pp.353–83. Analyses Ana Ozores’s conflict between duty and desire in the light of LA’s interest in the experimental, naturalist novel.

——: See also Clarín y su obra (B304). B1519 Villanueva, Darío, El comentario de textos narrativos: la novela (Barcelona: Júcar, 1989). 2nd ed., 1992, pp.111– 41. Analyses Víctor’s reaction to Ana’s infidelity in Ch. XXIX of LR as an example of ‘psiconarración’, in which events and thoughts sifted through Víctor’s perspective influence the temporal structure of the novel.

B1520 Villapadierna, Maryse, ‘Brève rencontre: “Clarín” et La España Moderna’, Cahiers de l’U.E.R. d’Études Ibériques de la Sorbonne-Nouvelle (Paris), No.3 (1981), 184–99. Except for citing from a few hitherto unpublished letters, goes over old territory on LA’s break with La España Moderna. See 1:B1072 on the same topic.

B1521 Villa Pastur, J[esús], ‘La pintura de Ofelia y La Regenta 1884–1984’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (8.6.1984), 22. On the Clarín Exposición sponsored by the Caja de Ahorros de Asturias.

B1522 Villar Dégano, Juan F., ‘Algunas claves para la lectura de Su único hijo de Leopoldo Alas’, LdD, 15, No.32 (MayAug. 1985), 133–56. An interesting if diffusely explicated analysis of the mechanisms of parody and inversion as carriers of ambiguity and modernity in SUH. Seems unaware of current scholarship on the subject.

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Secondary Material B1523 Villarrazo, Bernardo, ‘La Regenta, cien años después’, El Comercio (Gijón) (21.11.1984), 46. One reader’s reaction to LR as an intense and ‘lived’ reading experience.

B1524 Viñuales, Pedro Pablo, ‘“Mi entierro” de Clarín: un cuento raro’, ALE (Alicante), No.8 (1992), 193–206. A somewhat diffuse article, in which P.P.V. reviews several categories of narrative (the fantastic, the marvellous, the grotesque, for example) and their applicability to ‘Mi entierro’, only to conclude that none of the above is adequate to describe the various ‘voices’ (discourses?) of the text.

B1525 Ward, Philip, ed., ‘Alas y Ureña, Leopoldo Enrique García’, in The Oxford Companion to Spanish Literature (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978), pp.9–10. Spanish ed.: Diccionario Oxford de literatura española e hispanoamericana (Barcelona: Crítica, 1984), pp.21–22. Usual dictionary entry.

B1526 Ward, Thomas, ‘El krausismo como base de la relación literatura-vida en La Regenta’, Ulula (Athens GA), No.2 (1986), 91–109. Uses Giner de los Ríos’s literary categories as the basis for the characterization and reading habits of Ana Ozores, Víctor Quintanar, and Álvaro Mesía.

B1527 Weber, Frances Wyers, ‘Ideology and Religious Parody in the Novels of Leopoldo Alas’ (1:B1283). Extracted in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism (see B1070), pp.14– 17. B1528 Weiner, Hadassah Ruth, ‘Integralismo de Clarín: los “interiores ahumados”’ (1:B1286). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.170–89. B1529 Wesseling, Peter, ‘Structure and its Implications in Leopoldo Alas’ La Regenta’ (1:B1291). Rpt. as ‘La

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Regenta: estructuras e implicaciones’, in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.383–400. B1530 Wiltrout, Ann, ‘El cosmos de La Regenta y el mundo de su autor’ (1:B1291). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Leopoldo Alas (see B383), pp.234–49. B1531 X., ‘Bibliografía. Torquemada y San Pedro, de Pérez Galdós; Teresa, de Clarín’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (5.4.1895), [1]. Reviewer did not really care for the play, but liked the published version, which seemed to him more like ‘un cuento’.

B1532 ——, ‘Impresiones de un lector’, *La Vanguardia (B), 12, No.3164 (3.3.1892), 3. Rpt. in part in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.393–94. Takes note of Blanco García’s hostile view of LA (see 1:B161).

B1533 Yáñez, María-Paz, ‘Ana Ozores entre la piel de tigre y el crucifijo’, in Peripherie und Dialogizität, Untersuchungen zum realistisch-naturalistischen Roman in Spanien, ed. Wolfgang Matzat (Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag, 1995), pp.135–55. Rpt. as ‘El espacio geométrico. Clarín y las vacilaciones de la línea vertical’, in her Siguiendo los hilos. Estudio de la configuración discursiva en algunas novelas españolas del siglo XIX (New York: Peter Lang, 1996), pp.55–81. Reviews several imagery motifs in LR centred spatially on the vertical/horizontal opposition.

B1534 ——, ‘Figuras de la naturaleza en La Regenta y su función en los diferentes niveles textuales’, in Realismo y naturalismo en España, (see B745), pp.328–40. An interesting analysis of two key passages, Ana’s mystical encounter with St Augustine and the Vegallana kitchen and eating scene. Y. notes how in the first scene the process of creation is metaphorized through the image of ‘la naturaleza viva’, and in the second scene,

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Secondary Material how ‘la naturaleza muerta’, as an object of consumption, is a metaphor of the process of reception.

B1535 Yxart, José (?), Cuartilla inédita, 1883?, in *Archivo Histórico Nacional (B). Rpt. in B1410, p.44; and B1411, pp.71–72. Questions about the kind and price of illustrations to be made for the first ed. of LR. Yxart was director of the collection Biblioteca Arte y Letras, in which LR appeared.

B1536 Z., ‘Intimidades. Don Leopoldo García Alas (Clarín)’, Militares y Paisanos (M), 1, No.12 (15.3.1896), 4. Funny. A satiric series of barbs directed against LA.

B1537 Zamora Juárez, Andrés, El doble silencio del Eunuco. Poéticas sexuales de la novela realista según Clarín, Series Espiral Hispano Americana, 39 (Madrid: Editorial Fundamentos, 1998). 350pp. Based on his ‘El doble silencio del eunuco. Poéticas sexuales de la novela realista, según el escribano Clarín’, unpubl. diss., Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, 1994. 471 pp. Using LA as a prime example, A.Z.J. argues, in a suggestive analysis, that the realist novel is the product of a metaphorical incestuous union of father (author) and offspring (characters), who are perceived as ‘feminine’ and feminized in opposition to the paternal virility of the author.

B1538 ——, ‘El secreto incesto de la novela realista’, AGald, 29– 30 (1994–95), 129–46. See B1537.

B1539 Zuleta, Ignacio M., ‘El modernismo hispanoamericano y Ramiro de Maeztu (1899–1903)’, Cuadernos para la Investigación de la Literatura Hispánica, Nos 2–3 (1980), 327–39. Pp.332–34: on Maeztu, LA, and their attitudes towards new writers and modernism.

317

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1540 ——, La polémica modernista. El modernismo de mar a mar (1898–1907) (Bogotá: Instituto Caro y Cuervo, 1988), pp.63–87. Suggests that rather than a collision between LA and the modernistas, there was a desencuentro of two aesthetics/approaches to literature that, nevertheless, had much in common.

B1541 Anon., ‘A caza de cosas’, Militares y Paisanos (M) 1, No.12 (15.3.1896), 6. ‘En el coche de los muertos / ayer he visto a Clarín. / Llevaba una pata fuera; / por eso lo conocí’.

B1542 ——, ‘A “Clarín”’, La Opinión (M), 4, No.827 (16.6.1901), [2]. A notice on various projects to honour LA in Oviedo.

B1543 ——, ‘A D. Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, El Socialista (M), 12, No.608 (29.10.1897), 3. Rpt. in Clarín político I (see Ab5), pp.387–88. Invitation to Clarín to participate in a discussion on Marx and marxism with members of the Socialist Party.

B1544 ——, ‘A D. Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, El Socialista (M), 12, No.610 (12.11.1897), 2–3. LA accuses socialists of being intolerant and attacking everyone as ‘bourgeois’. El Socialista replies, to the contrary.

B1545 ——, ‘Actualidades’, Por Esos Mundos (M), No.78 (July 1901), 90–96. Obituary.

B1546 ——, ‘Al menudeo’, El Correo (M), 6 (26.1.1885), [1]. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.119–20. Favourable rev. of LR, just released.

318

Secondary Material B1547 ——, ‘Alas, Leopoldo’, in Enciclopedia universal ilustrada europeo-americana, IV (1920; Madrid: EspasaCalpe, 1958), pp.41–42. The usual.

B1548 ——, ‘Alfonso Guerra presentará el próximo número de Los Cuadernos del Norte’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (7.4.1984), 11. On the special issue dedicated to LA.

B1549 ——, ‘Ante la Vetusta de “Clarín”’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (25.5.1984), 20. An interview with J.M. Gómez-Tabanera, who gave a paper on ‘Antropología y folklore en la “Vetusta” de Clarín’.

B1550 ——, ‘Antonio Masip reconoce que se le marginó en los actos de La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (18.4.1984), 9. Protests over the apparently politically motivated exclusion of the mayor of Oviedo from the presentation of Los Cuadernos del Norte’s issue on LA.

B1551 ——, ‘Apuntes biográficos. Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’, Revista Cultura en Asturias (Gijón), 1, No.0 (1988), 16– 17; No.1 (1988), 4–5. Introductory material.

B1552 ——, ‘Ateneo’, El Globo (M) (27.2.1886), [3]. An account of LA’s talk about Antonio Alcalá Galiano.

B1553 ——, ‘Ateneo’, El Globo (M) (6.3.1886), [3]. Details on LA’s continuation of his talk about Alcalá Galiano.

B1554 ——, ‘Ateneo’, La Iberia (M) (12.1.1882), [3]. An account of LA’s defence of naturalism. ‘Comenzó su discurso el Sr. Alas declarándose francamente naturalista’.

B1555 ——, ‘Ateneo’, La Iberia (M) (19.1.1881), [2]. LA continued speaking on naturalism, with a large crowd, despite the debut of Calderón’s La hija del aire at the same time.

319

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1556 ——, ‘Ateneo’, El Imparcial (M) (27.2.1886), [2]. The ‘Alcalá Galiano’ lecture.

B1557 ——, ‘Ateneos y Sociedades’, La Época (M) (27.2.1886), [2]. On LA’s Ateneo lecture, ‘Alcalá Galiano’.

B1558 ——, ‘Ateneos y Sociedades’, La Época (M) (6.3.1886), [2]. LA’s final Ateneo lecture on ‘Alcalá Galiano’, wherein he surprised his liberal audience by saying Spain was still not sufficiently prepared for ‘el ejercicio de la libertad’. LA also attacked a critic, unnamed, who talked about his ‘turbación’ and not ‘indisposición’, which terminated the first lecture rather abruptly.

B1559 ——, ‘Aula dedicada a “Clarín” en la Escuela del Profesorado de EGB’, La Nueva España (O) (15.1.1985), 3. The dedication included a talk by Dionisio Gamallo Fierros on ‘Giner de los Ríos, maestro espiritual y amigo de Clarín, relación epistolar entre ambos’.

B1560 ——, ‘Badia i Margarit inauguró el simposio sobre Clarín y su obra’, La Vanguardia (B) (21.3.1984), 35. Reports on the papers delivered by Alarcos Llorach, Harriet Turner, and Antonio Vilanova (see B9, 1436, and 1512).

B1561 ——, ‘El beneficio de la Guerrero’, La Unión Católica (M), 9, No.2307 (21.3.1895), [3]. Teresa put everyone to sleep, this reviewer says.

B1562 ——, ‘Bibliografía. Sermón perdido’, La Ilustración Nacional (M), 6, No.29 (20.10.1885), 440. LA writes well but lacks impartiality as a critic.

B1563 ——, ‘Bibliografía. Solos de Clarín’, El Día (M) (13.10.1891), [3]. Rev. of the 4th ed.

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Secondary Material B1564 ——, ‘La biblioteca de “Clarín”, adquirida por el Ayuntamiento y el Principado’, La Nueva España (O) (7.8.1985), 3. In private hands (Ignacio Soto), LA’s 900 volumes were sold for 7 million pesetas.

B1565 ——, ‘Books of the Year’, The Observer (London) (2.12.1984), 19. Paul Bailey chooses as his first choice the English translation of LR, ‘a major literary event’.

B1566 ——, ‘Books of the Year’, The Observer (London) (30.11.1986), 21. For Julian Barnes, the English translation of LR was ‘the foreign classic tardily discovered’.

B1567 ——, ‘El busto de Clarín será colocado en la Universidad’, La Nueva España (O) (27.5.1962), 5. Sculptor Víctor Hevia Granda’s work is given to the University.

B1568 ——, ‘El cadáver de Clarín’, El Heraldo de Madrid (14.6.1901), [1]. More details on the funeral and future homage planned for LA.

B1569 ——, ‘Cánovas y su tiempo’, El Globo (M) (15.3.1887), [3]. Favourable rev.

B1570 ——, ‘Carlos Rodríguez Junco, el hostelero clariniano’, La Nueva España (O) (5.12.1984), 7. A curious article on a Clarín aficionado, who runs a café named after LA.

B1571 ——, ‘El Centenario de “Clarín” en Madrid’, Asturias (M), 2, No.14 (May 1952), 11. On a talk by J.A. Cabezas called ‘Clarín, vivo’, delivered at the Centro Asturiano de Madrid, and the display of Clariniana at the Casa del Libro (Espasa-Calpe).

321

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1572 ——, ‘Centenario de La Regenta y I Semana de Música Barroca’, La Nueva España (O) (2.1.1985), 14. On cultural activities celebrating LR’s centenary, in Mieres, including a theatre production by the group ‘La Ferrería’.

B1573 ——, ‘Chirigotas’, La Semana Cómica (B), 5, No.42 (12.11.1891), 415–16. A reaction to the anti-Clarín piece, ‘A un tal Corzuelo’, by de Arpe (1:B79).

B1574 —— [Sinesio Delgado?], ‘Chismes y cuentos’, Madrid Cómico, 5, No.101 (25.1.1885), 7. Announces the publication of LR, vol. I. (S.D. usually wrote this section of MC.)

B1575 —— [Sinesio Delgado?], ‘Chismes y cuentos’, Madrid Cómico, 5, No.125 (12.7.1885), 7. Announces the publication of vol. II of LR.

B1576 —— [Sinesio Delgado?], ‘Chismes y cuentos’, Madrid Cómico, 8, No.269 (14.4.1888), 7. On the great publishing success of Mis plagios. Un discurso de Núñez de Arce.

B1577 —— [Sinesio Delgado?], ‘Chismes y cuentos’, Madrid Cómico, 14, No.618 (22.12.1894), 431–32. Praises ‘El cura de Vericueto’ (publ. in MC, last installment in No.618) and ‘La conversión de Chiripa’.

B1578 —— [Sinesio Delgado?], ‘Chismes y cuentos’, Madrid Cómico, 18, No.800 (18.6.1898), 449–50. Says that LA is not the author of the ‘Chismes y cuentos’ column; also makes note of LA’s terrible handwriting.

B1579 ——, ‘Clarín’, La Gran Vía (M), 3, No.80 (6.1.1895), n. pag. Announces that LA is to contribute three poems to La Gran Vía (‘Córdoba’, ‘Fragmentos de un incendio’, and ‘De la torre’). See Ah53–54, 62.

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Secondary Material B1580 ——, ‘“Clarín”’, Arte y Letras (M), 2, No.25 (23.6.1901), 362. Modification of 1:B1311. Rpt. in Ab17 [p. 47]. B1581 ——, ‘“Clarín”’, La Época (M) (15.6.1901), [1]. Detailed report on the funeral of LA.

B1582 ——, ‘Clarín’, El País (M) (14.6.1901), [1]. A republican newspaper praises the republican writer, and observes that LA was unjustly attacked throughout his career.

B1583 *——, ‘Clarín’, La Publicidad (B) (14.6.1901). B1584 ——, ‘Clarín’, El Siglo Futuro (M) (14.6.1901), [2]. An obituary in which LA is attacked by a rabid Catholic.

B1585 ——, ‘“Clarín” en Barcelona’, La Unión Católica (M), 9, No.2380 (19.6.1895), [3]. Miquel y Badía’s hostile rev. of Teresa, which appeared in the Diario de Barcelona (see 1:B816), is transcribed here.

B1586 ——, ‘“Clarín” en Madrid’, La Unión Republicana (O), 2, No.90 (14.11.1897), 5–6. Comments on the success of LA’s Ateneo lectures (‘Las teorías religiosas en la filosofía novísima’), also citing from one of Azorín’s articles in El Progreso (see 1:B749).

B1587 ——, ‘Clarín ha muerto’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (14.6.1901), [1]. An obituary.

B1588 ——, ‘“Clarín”, la Marina y la prensa’, El Atlántico (Santander) (29.9.1895), [1]. Sums up various opinions of the press in reaction to LA’s attacks on the competence of the Spanish Navy (see ‘Palique’, El Heraldo de Madrid, No.1782). Extracts from El Tiempo, El Imparcial, El Heraldo de Madrid, El Nacional, El Correo, El Correo Militar, El Liberal, La Unión Católica, and El Movimiento Católico.

323

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1589 ——, ‘“Clarín”, la Marina y la prensa’, El Atlántico (Santander) (30.9.1895), [1]. Rpts more press comments on LA’s dealings with the Spanish Navy. Extracts from El Heraldo, El Correo Militar, La Nación, El Tiempo, El Globo, El Estander, El Movimiento Católico, El Correo Español, and El Imparcial.

B1590 ——, ‘Clarín, “marino”’, La Unión Católica (M), 9, No.2463 (27.9.1895), [1]. Attacks LA’s ‘Palique’ on the Barcáiztegui ship disaster, publ. in the Heraldo de Madrid (25.9.1895); says he doesn’t know what he is talking about.

B1591 ——, ‘Clarín, por ejemplo’, La Nueva España (O) (21.1.1984), 1. Despite LA’s use of Spanish, not bable, he is an ‘escritor asturiano’.

B1592 ——, ‘“Clarín”, un clásico vivo’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (24.3.1984), 36. An interview with Alarcos Llorach on LR as a living classic.

B1593 ——, ‘Clarín y el Obispo de Oviedo’, *El Globo (M), 2a época, 11, No.3489 (17.5.1885), 1–2. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.337– 44. Defends LA against the Bishop’s charges of immorality in LR; and also rpts LA’s letter (11.5.1885) to Martínez Vigil (1:Af13).

B1594 ——, ‘Clarín y la crítica literaria’, *La Publicidad (B) (18.6.1901). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.271–73. Sees LA primarily as a critic (even in LR), who found it easier to criticise the bad rather than praise the good.

B1595 ——, ‘Clarín y la Marina’, El Atlántico (Santander) (3.10.1895), [1]. Quotes from La Opinión de Asturias (O), which notes that all Oviedo is talking about nothing else except el asunto Clarín. Palacio Valdés and A. Buylla were LA’s representatives in this affair.

324

Secondary Material B1596 ——, ‘“Clarín” y la Marina’, El Atlántico (Santander) (4.10.1895), [1]. The feud between LA and the Spanish Navy comes to a peaceful end. Comments from La Opinión de Asturias (O).

B1597 ——, ‘“Clarín” y los marinos’, La Unión Católica (M) (2.10.1895), [3]. On the satisfactory conclusion to the LA-Arturo Armada affair.

B1598 ——, ‘“Clarín” y los marinos’, La Unión Católica (M), 9, No.2465 (30.9.1895), [1]. Cites from La Opinión de Asturias (O) on the LA-Arturo Armada affair and the question of the Spanish Navy’s preparedness.

B1599 ——, ‘Concurso de memorias de licenciatura y tesis doctorales sobre La Regenta y Clarín’, Lanza (Ciudad Real) (25.3.1984), 11. Part of the homage to LA, organized by the Caja de Ahorros de Asturias (see B318).

B1600 ——, ‘Concursos de dibujo y pintura con motivo del centenario de La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (14.2.1984), 35. The prize is 150,000 pesetas for five illustrations.

B1601 ——, ‘La conferencia del Sr. Alas’, El Comercio (Gijón) (23.1.1900),[2]. Rpt. as ‘Extensión Universitaria’, in El Carbayón (O) (24.1.1900), [2]. Reports LA’s talk on material and economic progress, regeneration, and Marx.

B1602 ——, ‘Constituida la Comisión de Seguimiento del Centenario de La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (28.1.1984), 17. On the need to avoid duplication of cultural acts regarding LA; on a project to collect LA materials published in 1984–85 and other years.

325

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1603 ——, ‘Controversia con el Sr. Alas (Clarín)’, El Socialista (M), 13, No.624 (18.2.1898), 3. Rpt. in Clarín político, I (see Ab5), pp.389–90. On an ideological dispute between LA and the Spanish socialists. LA promises to deliver a talk on marxism from a philosophical point of view.

B1604 *——, ‘Los críticos de hoy’, Juan Rana (M) (20.3.1897). B1605 ——, ‘Cuentos morales de Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (8.2.1896), [1]. Favourable notice.

B1606 ——, ‘La cuestión del día’, El Heraldo de Madrid (27.9.1895), [1]. Rpt. in B1309, pp.191–94. An editorial which defends LA’s right of free speech and also claims that his ‘Palique’ of 25 Sept. did not attack the honour of the Navy, only professional incompetence demonstrated in the collision between the cruiser ‘Sánchez Barcáiztegui’ and the merchant ship ‘Conde de la Mortera’.

B1607 ——, ‘La cuestión de la Marina’, *El Carbayón (O) (30.9.1895). Rpt. in B1309, pp.195–97. Details on a pending duel between LA and a representative of the Spanish Navy, over LA’s article berating naval incompetence.

B1608 ——, ‘La cuestión de la Marina’, *El Carbayón (O) (1.10.1895). Rpt. in B1309, p.198. The LA-Navy dispute seems to be coming to an end.

B1609 ——, ‘La cuestión de la Marina. Asunto terminado’, El Carbayón (O) (2.10.1895). Rpt. in B1309, pp.198–200. On the peaceful conclusion to the LA-Navy dispute, followed by two actas, in which both parties finally agree to disagree. See also 1:B1300.

B1610 ——, ‘La cuestión de los marinos’, El Atlántico (Santander) (2.10.1895), [1]. Gives many details and quotes from El Carbayón about the dispute between LA and Arturo Armada.

326

Secondary Material B1611 ——, ‘La cuestión de los marinos’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (2.10.1895), [2]. Details (largely taken from El Carbayón, Oviedo) on the resolution of the dispute between LA and the Spanish Navy.

B1612 ——, ‘La cuestión de los marinos’, El Heraldo de Madrid (30.9.1895), n. pag. More details on the arrival of members of the Navy to meet with Clarín in Oviedo.

B1613 ——, ‘La cuestión de los marinos’, El Heraldo de Madrid (1.10.1895), [1]. Rpts news from El Carbayón (30.9.1895) on the arrival of Navy representatives in Oviedo.

B1614 ——, ‘La cuestión de los marinos’, El Heraldo de Madrid (2.10.1895), [1]. The conflict between LA and the Navy is over. The actas are printed here.

B1615 ——, ‘Cuestión desagradable’, La Iberia (M) (6.11.1897), [3]. Briefly reports on an altercation between LA and Navarro y Ledesma at the Ateneo.

B1616 ——, ‘Cuestión personal’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (8.11.1897), [2]. The dispute between LA and Navarro y Ledesma is satisfactorily resolved. N.L. admits he lost control in LA’s presence.

B1617 ——, ‘Cuestión personal’, La Unión Católica (M), No.3012 (8.11.1897), [3]. On the peaceful ending of the Navarro y Ledesma-LA quarrel. Prints the acta.

B1618 ——, ‘Cuestión terminada’, El Ejército Español (M) (8.11.1897), [2]. On the official end of the pending duel between Navarro y Ledesma and LA.

327

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1619 ——, ‘Cuestión terminada’, La Iberia (M) (7.11.1897), [2]. The duel between LA and Navarro y Ledesma is avoided.

B1620 ——, ‘Cueto Alas y Martínez Cachero presentaron una nueva edición de La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (15.3.1984), 12. Presentation of Baquero Goyanes’s ed. (1:Ac19).

B1621 ——, ‘Cueto destacó el modernismo de la narrativa clariniana’, La Nueva España (O) (27.2.1988), 5. On Juan Cueto Alas’s participation in the Lisbon presentation of the first Portuguese translation of LR (Ai28).

B1622 ——, ‘Defendiéndonos’, El Socialista (M), 15, No.759 (21.9.1900), 2. Under ‘Injusticia’, the paper decries a Clarín attack (in a ‘Revista mínima’ of La Publicidad) against socialist fanaticism and historical materialism. LA should have debated the socialists earlier (see B1727). Anon. says, ‘No es justo “Clarín” con los socialistas españoles’.

B1623 ——, ‘Don Leopoldo Alas’, La Opinión (M), 4, No.825 (14.6.1901), [3]. Obituary notice.

B1624 ——, ‘D. Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, El Carbayón (O) (14.6.1901), [1]. Modification of 1:B1357. An obituary, noting the deep sense of loss felt in Oviedo.

B1625 ——, ‘Dos discursos’, La Unión Republicana (O), 2, No.92 (28.11.1897), 6. On the banquet given LA by the staff of El Progreso; cites from talks by Alejandro Lerroux and LA, who declares his life-long republicanism.

B1626 ——, ‘Dossier’, Vetusta (O), No.15 (Jan.–Feb. 1986), 25. About the cultural presence of LR at the Feria Internacional de Turismo in Madrid.

328

Secondary Material B1627 ——, ‘Ecos de todas partes. Bofetada ateneísta’, La Unión Católica (M), No.3010 (6.11.1897), [1]. On the Navarro y Lesdesma-LA fracas. N.L. struck Clarín.

B1628 ——, ‘Edición de La Regenta, con xerografías de Lombardía’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (30.10.1984), 27. ‘La Regenta’ cien años después was presented in Fuensanta (Nave).

B1629 ——, ‘En el Ateneo’, El Tribuno (M), 1, No.20 (28.2.1886), n. pag. LA’s talk on Alcalá Galiano was a dazzling success, despite the speaker’s indisposition, which cut short his speech. Excerpts from El Globo’s account also given.

B1630 ——, ‘Entierro de “Clarín”’, La Opinión (M), 4, No.826 (15.6.1901), [2]. Details on the burial.

B1631 ——, ‘Especialistas en Clarín se reúnen para reeditar su obra’, La Nueva España (O) (18.2.1988), 3. The six-vol. O.C. will form part of Aguilar’s ‘Obras eternas’ collection. (It didn’t.)

B1632 ——, ‘Especialistas en Clarín subrayan la universalidad del escritor asturiano’, La Nueva España (O) (27.2.1988). On the nearly simultaneous presentation of the French and Portuguese translations of LR and the announcement of the O.C.

B1633 ——, ‘Este mes finaliza la exposición sobre Leopoldo Alas y La Regenta’, Información Cultural (M), No.21 (Feb. 1985), 22. On the great success of the exhibit.

B1634 ——, ‘Estrenada ayer, en El Escorial, la primera adaptación de La Regenta al teatro’, La Nueva España (O) (2.9.1983), 32. Details on the play adaptation, which, according to the director, is faithful to the original text.

329

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1635 ——, ‘Extensión Universitaria. La conferencia de D. Leopoldo Alas’, El Noroeste (Gijón), 4, No.1069 (22.1.1900), [2]. LA spoke on material – and economic – progress in modern history and on contradictions found in Marx’s theory. A summary.

B1636 ——, ‘Los folletos de Clarín’, El Globo (M) (29.5.1886), [1]. Favourable notice of the first vol. of folletos literarios, with a generous excerpt from Viaje a Madrid.

B1637 ——, ‘Fracaso de una traición’, La Unión Católica (M), 10, No.2640 (30.4.1896), [1]. Believes LA is working against Menéndez y Pelayo’s re-election as senator.

B1638 ——, ‘El Gobierno del Principado convoca dos concursos de ilustraciones sobre obras de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (23.2.1984), 10. Details the rules for the two competitions, one to illustrate LR and the other, ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, ‘La trampa’, and ‘El Quin’.

B1639 ——, ‘Gran edición de La Regenta’, El Urogallo (M), No.19 (Nov. 1987), 8. Comments on critical reception of the French translation of LR, citing specifically from Pierre Lepape’s rev. (see B715).

B1640 *——, [Rev. of Los héroes, by Carlyle], L’Avenç (B) (Nov. 1892). B1641 ——, ‘Homenaje a “Clarín”’, La Época (M) (19.6.1901), [1]. LA’s colleagues at the Univ. de Oviedo met to discuss various forms of homage.

B1642 ——, ‘Importante estudio sobre La Regenta en Valencia’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (27.7.1984), 36. Rev. of Ac9.

330

Secondary Material B1643 ——, ‘Inaugurada en la Biblioteca Nacional una exposición sobre La Regenta’, El País (M) (22.12.1984), 41. Details on the exhibit of Clariniana shown in Oviedo, Gijón, and Madrid.

B1644 ——, ‘Instalación en El Entrego de un busto de “Clarín”’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (2.9.1983), 15. The garden of El Entrego is located in San Martín del Rey Aurelio.

B1645 ——, ‘Introducción’, in ¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos (see Ad9), pp.3–5. B1646 ——, ‘Introducción’, in El caballero de la mesa redonda y otros relatos (see Ad16), pp.5–8. B1647 ——, ‘Introducción’, in El dúo de la tos y otros relatos (see Ad41), pp.5–7. B1648 ——, ‘Laboratorio de Danza de la Universidad de Oviedo. Los sapos de Vetusta’, Pipirijaina (M), No.16 (Sept.–Oct. 1980), 32. ‘Los sapos de Vetusta’ was presented at the XIII Festival Internacional de Teatre de Sitges (24.10–2.11.1980). Brief commentary by José Benito Álvarez-Buylla and J.M. Martínez Cachero. See also 1:Aj5.

B1649 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas’, El Comercio (Gijón) (14.6.1901), [2]. An obituary.

B1650 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas’, El Heraldo de Madrid (13.6.1901), [1]. Necrology.

B1651 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas’, El Nuevo Régimen (M), 11, No.545 (15.6.1901), 2. Rpt. in El Noroeste (O) (18.6.1901). An appreciation of LA.

331

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1652 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, in ¡Adiós, Cordera! (see Ad1), n. pag. B1653 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, Magister (O), No.3 (May 1985), 314. Reports another homage, the unveiling of a plaque in an Escuela Universitaria classroom on 15 Jan. 1985.

B1654 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, El Noroeste (Gijón), 5, No.1549 (14.6.1901), [1]. An obituary.

B1655 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’, El País (M) (15.10.1987), 12. On the French translation of LR.

B1656 *——, ‘Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, La Publicidad (B) (14.6.1901). B1657 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’, in La Regenta (see Ac7), pp.7–19. A general introd.

B1658 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”, el profesor y el escritor’, in Doña Berta y otro relato (see Ad38), pp.5–6. Introductory material.

B1659 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas. Conducción del cadáver’, El Heraldo de Madrid (13.6.1901), [2]. LA’s burial.

B1660 ——, ‘Leopoldo Alas y La Regenta, protagonistas culturales de 1984’, La Nueva España (O) (30.12.1984), 30. Remarks on the flurry of activities of the past year for the centenary of LR.

332

Secondary Material B1661 ——, ‘Libros enviados a esta redacción por autores o editores. Su único hijo’, La Ilustración Artística (B), 10, No.502 (10.8.1891), 512. Favourable rev. Notes the novedad of less external description and heavy emphasis on ‘el elemento interno o psicológico’.

B1662 ——, ‘Libros enviados a esta redacción. Un discurso’, La Ilustración Artística (B), 10, No.517 (23.11.1891), 752. Rev.

B1663 ——, ‘Libros enviados a esta redacción. El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos’, La Ilustración Artística (B), 12, No.609 (28.8.1893), 568. Favourable notice.

B1664 ——, ‘Libros enviados a esta redacción. Palique’, La Ilustración Artística (B), 13, No.634 (19.2.1894), 128. Favourable rev.

B1665 ——, ‘Libros enviados a esta redacción. [Torrendell, J., “Clarín” y su ensayo; Teresa]’, La Ilustración Artística (B), 14, No.699 (20.5.1895), 368. Favourable rev. of LA’s play. See also 1:B1205.

B1666 ——, ‘Libros. Folletos literarios. – III. – Apolo en Pafos’, El Mundo (M), 1, No.137 (24.9.1887), 1. Rev. LA’s ‘exclusivismo’ prevents him from being the most popular writer in Spain.

B1667 ——, ‘Literatura, ciencias, artes, comercio. La Regenta’, *El Día (M), No.1713 (15.2.1885) (ed. de la noche). Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.117–18. Favourable rev.

B1668 ——, ‘Literatura, ciencias, artes. La Regenta’, El Día (M), No.1943 (27.9.1885) (ed. de la noche), n. pag. Rpt. in ‘La

333

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.167–68. Generally favourable rev. of vol. II.

B1669 ——, ‘Literatura. - Ciencias. - Artes. Bibliografía. Sermón perdido’, El Día (M) (11.10.1885), n. pag. Favourable rev. A number of these Clarín pieces from Sermón perdido first appeared in El Día.

B1670 *——, ‘Literatura con cascabeles’, Juan Rana (M) (20.5.1897). B1671 ——, ‘Madrid’, El Día (M) (19.7.1891), [1]. A brief rev. of SUH.

B1672 ——, ‘Mañana se inaugura el Simposio sobre “Clarín y La Regenta en su tiempo”’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (25.11.1984), 16. Details of the programme.

B1673 ——, ‘Los marinos y “Clarín”’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (3.10.1895), [3]. The Spanish Navy vs. Clarín affair is resolved.

B1674 ——, ‘Los marinos y “Clarín”’, La Iberia (M) (28.9. 1895), [1]. Rpts some of the reactions from La Época and El Heraldo de Madrid to LA’s criticism of the Spanish Navy.

B1675 ——, ‘Los marinos y Clarín’, La Iberia (M) (30.9.1895), [1]. Rpts an article from La Opinión de Asturias (O) (29.9) on the confrontation between LA and representatives of the Navy.

B1676 ——, ‘Los marinos y Clarín’, La Iberia (M) (1.10.1895), [1]. More (from El Carbayón) on the representatives of the Spanish Navy, who demanded a retraction from LA after his harsh words about naval incompetence.

334

Secondary Material B1677 ——, ‘Los marinos y Clarín’, La Iberia (M) (2.10.1895), [2]. The question of honour between the Navy and LA is now settled.

B1678 ——, ‘Los marinos y Clarín’, La Iberia (M) (3.10.1895), [1]. The statement which resolved the conflict between the Navy and Clarín.

B1679 ——, ‘Martínez Cachero explicó en Madrid la complejidad del universo de La Regenta’, La Nueva España (O) (9.11.1984), 5. On the Fundación Juan March talks. See B821.

B1680 ——, ‘Más de cuatrocientos especialistas participan en el simposio internacional sobre “Clarín y La Regenta en su tiempo”’, El Comercio (Gijón) (27.11.1984), 36. Comments on the acto de apertura, citing from Antonio Masip, Tolivar Alas, and Alberto Marcos Vallaure.

B1681 ——, ‘Masip pide a TVE que realice una serie sobre La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (23.8.1983), 9. Masip got his wish: eleven years later…

B1682 ——, ‘El ministro de Cultura inaugura hoy la exposición “Clarín y La Regenta”’, La Nueva España (O) (21.12.1984), 6. A report on the Biblioteca Nacional exhibit.

B1683 ——, ‘Movimiento bibliográfico’, El Globo (M), 2a época, 11, No.3372 (19.1.1885), [4]. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.127– 28. Brief, favourable rev. of LR.

B1684 ——, ‘Muerte de “Clarín”’, El Liberal (Sevilla) (14.6.1901), [1]. Details telegraphed to the paper on LA’s last days.

335

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1685 ——, ‘Muerte de Leopoldo Alas’, El Globo (M) (14.6.1901), [1]. Obituary.

B1686 ——, ‘La muerte de Leopoldo Alas’, El Liberal (Sevilla) (15.6.1901), [3]. Telegraphed details on the funeral.

B1687 ——, ‘Muerte de Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, La Época (M) (13.6.1901), [3]. Necrology.

B1688 ——, ‘Muerte de Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, La Época (M) (14.6.1901), [4]. Details on LA’s last illness.

B1689 *——, [Necrology], La Aurora Social (Gijón), 3, No.87 (15.6.1901), 4. B1690 *——, [Necrology], El Correo de Asturias (O) (14.6.1901). B1691 *——, [Necrology], El Heraldo de Zamora (14.6.1901). B1692 *——, [Necrology], La Opinión de Asturias (O) (15.6.1901). B1693 *——, [Necrology], El Progreso de Asturias (O) (14.6.1901). B1694 *——, ‘No lo creemos’, La Opinión de Asturias (O) (28.6.1901). B1695 ——, ‘Nota del Editor’, in Doce cuentos (see Ad34), pp.9–16.

336

Secondary Material B1696 ——, ‘Notas bibliográficas. Pipá, por Clarín (Leopoldo Alas)’, Revista de España (M), 19, 109 (Mar.–Apr. 1886), 318–19. Favourable rev.

B1697 ——, ‘Notas bibliográficas. Sermón perdido, por Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, Revista de España (M), 18, No.426 (Nov.–Dec. 1885), 309–11. ‘Una lectura sabrosísima’, says the anon. reviewer.

B1698 ——, [Noticia], *La Victoria de la Cruz (O) (22.3.1892). Rpt. in B835, p.379. Satiric commentary on the LA-Bobadilla duel.

B1699 ——, ‘Noticia bibliográfica’, El Mundo Moderno (M), 1, No.110 (3.7.1881), [3]. Rev. of Solos de Clarín.

B1700 ——, ‘Noticias del Centenario de “Clarín”’, Asturias (M), 2, No.12 (Mar. 1952), 3. On the need to celebrate LA’s centenary.

B1701 ——, ‘Noticias y recortes. Los marinos, la prensa y el Gobierno’, El Heraldo de Madrid (28.9.1895), [1]. Details of the varied reactions from several newspapers and Cánovas to the controversy between LA and the Spanish Navy.

B1702 ——, ‘Nuestro grabado. Don Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, El Globo (M), 3a época, 11, No.3716 (31.12.1885), [1]. Rpt. in ‘La Regenta’ de Clarín y la crítica de su tiempo (see B1410), pp.205–11. See also Aj27. Favourable rev. of LR, in which this anon. reviewer takes note of initial reaction to the first vol.: ‘Sus numerosos enemigos se estremecieron de gozo; iban a tomar la revancha’.

B1703 *——, ‘Obsequio a “Clarín”’, El Globo (M) (26.12.1897), 2.

337

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1704 *——, ‘El octavo no mentir’, La Publicidad (B) (19.6.1895). B1705 ——, ‘El Padre Mir y Clarín’, El Nuevo Heraldo (M) (29.5.1893), [1]. Agrees with Clarín that Mir’s Historia de la Pasión de Jesucristo is not a rigorously written book, but more a ‘novel’. LA thought it strange that Sr. Cos, the Bishop of Madrid, approved the book. The anon. reviewer prints the licencia and a letter from Cardinal Rampolla.

B1706 ——, ‘Palique, por Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, La Correspondencia de España (M) (19.1.1894), [1]. Rev. which largely rpts an article taken from El Carbayón (O).

B1707 ——, ‘Para la historia’, Vetusta (O), No.11 (May 1985), 100–1. An overview of Asturian publications on LA and LR, from 1984–85.

B1708 *——, [Partida de bautismo], El Heraldo de Zamora (17.6.1901). LA’s birth certificate (Zamora, 27.4.1852) is reproduced. Also in 1:B514, p.200; and B1148.

B1709 ——, ‘El Patrocinio de la Virgen’, *El Correo de Asturias (O) (12.11.1895), 2. Rpt. in part in B818, p.515. LA detected a personal insult in this anon. suelto.

B1710 ——, ‘Pegatinas dedicadas a Clarín y La Regenta’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (3.3.1984), 8. Another example of Clarín mania during the centenary year.

B1711 ——, ‘La Peña Cultural “Clarín” celebra hoy el 84 aniversario de su muerte’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (12.6.1985), 11. Commemorative act before LA’s grave.

B1712 ——, ‘Personalísimo’, La Nueva España (O) (6.7.1984), 32. On Gerald Brenan’s negative opinion of LR (see B210).

338

Secondary Material B1713 ——, ‘Presentado en Oviedo el billete de 200 pesetas dedicado a Clarín’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (28.4.1984), 1. With illus. of the banknote.

B1714 ——, ‘Prólogo’, in Oviedo. Ciudad Cultural (see B1007), p.3. The forthcoming television production of LR is the main reason for this monographic number.

B1715 ——, ‘Publicaciones’, El Liberal (M) (8.7.1885), [3]. Publisher Cortezo y Compañía offers subscribers ‘La Regenta, t. II, y las obras de Cadalso’ in ‘el reparto 14’.

B1716 ——, ‘La Regenta’, El Comercio (Gijón) (12.2.1885), [3]. Rpt. in B489 [16.10.1983], p.21. Favourable rev.

B1717 ——, ‘La Regenta, al Festival Cervantino’, ABC (M) (9.2.1984), 70. On an invitation to participate in the Festival Internacional Cervantino, Guanajuato, Mexico, with Álvaro Custodio’s theatrical adaptation of LR.

B1718 ——, ‘La Regenta: asedio, acoso, análisis, homenaje, reconocimiento’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (22.7.1984), 46. On the publication of homage issues of Los Cuadernos del Norte, Argumentos, and Ínsula, as well as recent eds of LR.

B1719 ——, ‘“La Regenta”, cien años después’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (1.11.1984), 18–19. Offers snippets from the book. See B1098.

B1720 ——, ‘“La Regenta”, cien años después, entregada al Rey’, La Nueva España (O) (18.10.1984), 6. M.A. Lombardía’s limited edition book is presented to the king.

B1721 ——, ‘La Regenta en cine. Crítica objetiva’, Papeles Cine (Casa Municipal de Cultura, Avilés), 4, No.19–C (June 1984), 78. A negative critique of the 1974 film version of LR, in latín macarrónico (more or less).

339

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1722 ——, ‘La Regenta. Novela por Leopoldo Alas - tomo I’, El Día (M) (15.2.1885), [3–4]. Brief, favourable rev., with excerpt.

B1723 ——, ‘La Regenta, traducida al chino’, Ya (M) (25.5.1987), 41. Translation is based on the Alianza ed.

B1724 ——, ‘Revista de revistas’, CdD (San Lorenzo de El Escorial), 61 (20.9.1901), 136. Commentary on Navarro y Ledesma’s ‘Clarín (Apuntes para un estudio psicográfico)’ (1:B845).

B1725 ——, ‘El Rey recibió la obra “La Regenta” cien años después’, La Voz de Asturias (O) (18.10.1984), 40. Juan Carlos I received the first, numbered copy.

B1726 ——, ‘La segunda parte de “La Regenta” logró casi tanta audiencia como el fútbol’, El País (M) (20.1.1995), 55. On the popularity of the televised series.

B1727 ——, ‘La semana burguesa’, El Socialista (M), 15, No.765 (2.11.1900), 1. LA, in response to ‘Defendiéndonos’ (see B1622), promises another article on socialism.

B1728 ——, ‘El Sr. Alas’, Papeles Cine (Casa Municipal de Cultura, Avilés), 4, No.19–C (June 1984), 79. Introductory material on the life and works of LA.

B1729 ——, ‘Simposio Internacional sobre “Clarín y La Regenta en su tiempo”’, El Comercio (Gijón) (22.11.1984), 28. Details on the 1984 Oviedo Symposium.

B1730 ——, ‘Su único hijo’, El Día (M) (5.7.1891), [2]. ‘Mañana se pondrá a la venta en la librería de don Fernando Fe.’

340

Secondary Material B1731 ——, ‘Su único hijo’, El Heraldo de Madrid (4.7.1891), [1]. Announcement of novel; with excerpt.

B1732 ——, ‘Su único hijo’, El Imparcial (M) (6.7.1891), [2]. Praise and an excerpt.

B1733 ——, ‘Su único hijo’, Revista Contemporánea (M), No.83 (30.7.1891), 221–22. Criticises the excessive naturalist inclination towards depicting ‘extravíos viciosos y repugnantes’.

B1734 ——, ‘Su único hijo, novela por Leopoldo Alas’, El Heraldo de Madrid (4.7.1891). Publication announced, with excerpt.

B1735 ——, ‘Teatro de Novedades. El estreno de Teresa’, La Vanguardia (B) (16.6.1895), 6. Glowing reception of the play’s debut in Barcelona.

B1736 ——, ‘Teatro Español. Beneficio de María Guerrero. Teresa’, La Iberia (M) (21.3.1895), [3]. Modification of 1:B1374. This play is so bad that the reviewer will not even mention the playwright’s name!

B1737 *——, ‘Teresa de Clarín’, La Publicidad (B) (18.6.1895). A success.

B1738 *——, ‘Teresa, drama en un acte de N’Leopoldo Alas’, Lo Teatro Regional (B) (28.12.1895). B1739 ——, ‘The Toads of Vetusta’ (1:B1379). Extracted in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism (see B1070), pp.17– 19.

341

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1740 ——, ‘Trastornos nerviosos, digestivos, y la tuberculosis, condicionaron la vida de “Clarín”’, La Nueva España (O) (29.5.1984), 8. On a talk given by Dr. José María Izquierdo Rojo, in which he discusses LA’s nervousness and ill health.

B1741 ——, ‘Tres actos culturales’, Asturias (M), 2, No.15 (June 1952), 5. The Centro Asturiano de Madrid celebrated LA’s centenary with two talks, by Juan Antonio Cabezas and Marino Gómez Santos.

B1742 *——, ‘La vanidad de un crítico. Proceso seguido por Juan Rana contra D. Leopoldo Alas (Clarín)’, Juan Rana (M) (27.5; 3.6.1897). B1743 ——, ‘Vargas Llosa se reencontró con Clarín’, Vetusta (O), No.25 (19.12.1986), 11. During a visit to Oviedo, V.Ll. talks about his deep admiration for LR.

B1744 ——, ‘Y aquí no ha pasado “naa”’, El Atlántico (Santander) (1.10.1895), [1]. More on LA’s dealings with the Spanish Navy, in particular, with Arturo Armada, who challenged him to a duel.

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ADDENDA TO PRIMARY MATERIAL Ab CRITICISM

Ab17 Siglo pasado, ed. José Luis García Martín (Gijón: Llibros del Pexe, 1999). 217 pp. With illus. ‘Introducción. Cuesta abajo’, by J.L. García Martín. Reproduces orig. ed. (see 1:Ab25), plus: ‘Lecturas’; ‘Sinesio’; ‘De fuera’; ‘Notas de un enfermo’. See also Ah127–128, 130, 132; B1761. Ac NOVELS

Ac44 *La Regenta, 2 vols (Tudela: Edilibro, 1998). Ac45 *La Regenta, 2 vols, Millenium (Barcelona: Bibliotex, 1999). 384; 360 pp. Ac46 *La Regenta, 1 vol., Grandes Obras (Barcelona: Óptima, 1999). 701 pp. Ac47 La Regenta, 1 vol., ed. Víctor Fuentes, Nuestros Clásicos, 25 (Madrid: Akal, 1999). 988 pp. Illus. by Gómez Polo. ‘Estudio preliminar’, by Víctor Fuentes (see B1760) (pp.5–32). With Bibliografía (pp.35–45); Cuadro cronológico (pp.46–64). Annotated. Based on text established by G. Sobejano (1:Ac12).

Ac48 *La Regenta, 1 vol., Biblioteca Edaf (Madrid: Edaf, 2000). 1048 pp. Ac49 *Sinfonía de dos novelas. Su único hijo, ed. Francisco Muñoz Marquina, Nuestros Clásicos, 24 (Torrejón de Ardoz: Akal, 1998). 269 pp.

343

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ad SHORT STORY COLLECTIONS

Ad59 *¡Adiós, Cordera! (Gijón: Trea, 1998). 30 pp. Illus. José Arias. Ad60 *¡Adiós, Cordera!, Biblioteca de Literatura Universal ([Murcia]: Bibliotex, 1998). 95 pp. Contents: ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’; ‘La imperfecta casada’.

Ad61 *¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos, Biblioteca Centenario (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1998). 152 pp. Ad62 *14 Cuentos, ed. José María Martínez Cachero (Oviedo: Gofer, 1997). 266 pp. Grabados, Jaime Herrero. Ad63 *Cuentos, Selección de Clásicos Españoles (Madrid: Tormes, 1998). 93 pp. Illus. Javier Vázquez. Edición especial para Centros Comerciales Pryca, S.A. Ad64 *Cuentos, ed. José María Martínez Cachero, Clásicos Libertarias, 3 (Madrid: Libertarias, 1998). 347 pp. Ad65 Los mejores cuentos, Colección Narrativa (Barcelona: Ediciones Río Negro, 1989). 158 pp. Introd. (Anon.) (pp.9– 17). Contents: ‘Doña Berta’; ‘Benedictino’; ‘Manín de Pepa José’; ‘El Quin’; ‘Zurita’; ‘Dos sabios’; ‘Cambio de luz’; ‘La conversión de Chiripa’.

Ad66 *La mosca sabia y otros cuentos, Biblioteca Clásica (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1999). 122 pp. Contents: ‘La mosca sabia’; ‘Rivales’; ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’; ‘Doña Berta’.

Ad67 *El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos, Trazos, 6 (Barcelona: Bígaro, 1998). 207 pp.

344

Addenda to Primary Material Ah REPRINTS

I Stories Ah122 *Cuentos, ed. Kepa Osoro Iturbe, Serie Castalia Prima, 1 (Madrid: Castalia, 1999). 184 pp. Stories by LA, Pereda, Alarcón, Galdós, and Valera.

Ah123 ‘En que, por fin, se presentan las verdaderas vírgenes locas, aunque tarde y con daño’, in Las vírgenes locas, Rescatador Lengua de Trapo, 10 (Madrid: Lengua de Trapo, 1999), pp.51–63. Prol. Rafael Reig. See also Ah124; B1780. Ah124 ‘Un paraíso sin manzanas’, in Las vírgenes locas (see Ah123), pp.65–92. See also B1780. II Parts of Novels Ah125 La Regenta, in B1784, pp.507–12. Ah126 La Regenta, in Antología de la novela realista, ed. María del Carmen Herrero Aísa (Madrid: Santillana, 1995), pp.83–110. Excerpts from Chs III, VIII, X, XIII, XXII, XXIV–XXV, XXVIII– XXX.

IV Criticism Ah127 ‘De fuera’, in Ab17, pp.196–211. On Flaubert’s juvenilia; Zola’s ‘social pedagogy’; René Doumic’s critique of Verlaine; the historical novel; and Rostand’s L’Aiglon. Three articles orig. publ. in Arte y Letras (M) (6.1., 3.2., 24.2.1901).

Ah128 ‘Lecturas’, in Ab17, pp.157–74. On Renan’s Historia del pueblo de Israel; Victor Hugo’s Toda la lira; and Émile Zola’s El doctor Pascal. Orig. in La Ilustración Ibérica (12.8–30.12.1893).

345

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Ah129 ‘Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”, crítico de Campoamor’, in Releer a Campoamor. Antología verso-prosa. Recepción crítica-Clarín, ed. Víctor Montolí Bernadas (Barcelona: PPU, 1995), pp.347–95. Rpts either in toto or as extracts material on Campoamor from Solos de Clarín, La literatura en 1881, Sermón perdido, Nueva campaña, Apolo en Pafos, Mis plagios. Un discurso de Núñez de Arce, Mezclilla, Museum, Ensayos y revistas, Palique, Obra olvidada, and Los prólogos de Leopoldo Alas.

Ah130 ‘Notas de un enfermo’, in Ab17, pp.213–15. On el subjetivismo. Orig. in Arte y Letras (M) (19.5.1901).

Ah131 ‘El problema social’, in B1756, pp.234–38. Orig. in El Liberal (M) (26.4.1891). On the Asturian working classes and an interview with a tailor.

Ah132 ‘Sinesio’, in Ab17, pp.175–80. On Bishop Sinesio de Cirene. Orig. in Madrid Cómico (13.7.1895). Ai TRANSLATIONS

VI English Short Story

Ai35

Ten Tales. Trans. Robert M. Fedorchek (Lewisburg PA: Bucknell Univ. Press, 2000). 206 pp. Translator’s Preface, by R. Fedorchek (pp.11–12). Introduction, by John W. Kronik (pp.13–25). Illus. With Notes and Select Bibliography. Contents: ‘The Two Boxes’ (‘Las dos cajas’); ‘Doña Berta’ (‘Doña Berta’); ‘The Lord’ (‘El Señor’); ‘A Day Laborer’ (‘Un jornalero’); ‘Change of Light’ (‘Cambio de luz’); ‘The Golden Rose’ (‘La rosa de oro’); ‘Queen Margaret’ (‘La Reina Margarita’); ‘Torso’ (‘El Torso’); ‘The Burial of the Sardine’ (‘El entierro de la sardina’); and ‘Two Scholars’ (‘Dos sabios’). See also B1758, 1767.

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Addenda to Primary Material XII Italian Novel Su único hijo

Ai36 *Il suo unico figlio. Ed. A. Morino. Trans. G. Arese, Il castello, 65 (Palermo: Sellerio di Giorgianni, 1993). 280 pp. Short Story

Ai37 *Cuentos/[Racconti] (La Spiga-Meravigli, 1997). 97 pp. Doña Berta

Ai38 Donna Berta. Trans. Maria Rosaria Alfani, Il castello, 93 (Palermo: Sellerio, 1997). 77 pp. With Introd., by M.R. Alfani (pp.11–17). See also B1745.

[‘La mosca sabia’ y otros cuentos]

Ai39 *La mosca saggia e altri racconti. Trans. & ed. L. Rovatti, I racconti fantastici (Enzo Editrice, 1999). 104 pp. Aj MISCELLANEOUS

III Adaptations Aj78 La Regenta (graphic novel). Adapted and illus. Isaac del Rivero de la Llana (Gijón: Esmena, 1999). 159 pp. Prol., by Pedro de Silva Cienfuegos Jovellanos (pp.5–8). Beautiful visual rendition of Vol.I of LR.

347

ADDENDA TO SECONDARY MATERIAL B1745 Alfani, Maria Rosaria, ‘Introduzione’, in Ai38, pp.11–17. On the regenerative capacity of the individual in ‘Doña Berta’.

B1746 ——, Il ritorno di Don Chisciotte. Clarín e il romanzo (Rome: Donzelli Editore, 2000). 121 pp. Sees LR and SUH as part of a Clarinian project of cultural-spiritual modernization of the national and individual psyche.

B1747 *Amador de los Ríos, Rodrigo, [Rev. of Solos], Revista Ilustrada (M) (23.7.1881). B1748 Behiels, L., ‘La visión y el saber en la obra de Galdós y Clarín’, in Actas del I Coloquio. Del Romanticismo al Realismo. Sociedad de Literatura Española del Siglo XIX (Barcelona, 24–26.10.1996), ed. Luis F. Díaz Larios & Enrique Miralles (Barcelona: Univ., 1998), pp.487–95. ‘El abuelo plantea un problema de relaciones humanas, Cambio de luz una cuestión metafísica’.

B1749 Bly, Peter A., ‘Don Juan Tenorio de Zorrilla: opiniones galdosianas y clarinianas’, in Actas del I Coloquio. Del Romanticismo al Realismo. Sociedad de Literatura Española del Siglo XIX (Barcelona, 24–26.10.1996), ed. Luis F. Díaz Larios & Enrique Miralles (Barcelona: Univ., 1998), pp.185–94. On the ‘poetic realism’ of Ana’s identification with Zorrilla’s Inés.

B1750 ——, ‘Eighty-one Years of Articles on NineteenthCentury Spanish Realist/Naturalist Novelists in Hispania

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Addenda to Secondary Material (1917–98): An Overview and Listing’, Hispania, 81 (1998), 811–17. On the surprising paucity of Clarín-related articles (6).

B1751 Bonet, Laureano, ‘La sangre del pelícano: Goethe y las letras de la Restauración’, in Pensamiento y literatura en España en el siglo XIX. Idealismo, positivismo, espiritualismo, ed. Yvan Lissorgues & Gonzalo Sobejano (Toulouse: Presses Universitaires du Mirail, 1998), pp.89– 107. Pp.98–107, et passim: a nuanced reading of Goethe’s influence on LA as a sign of Clarinian modernity.

B1752 Castilla, Amelia, ‘Recuperada una novela escrita por Clarín, Vital Aza y José Ortega’, El País (M), No.1337 (31.12.1999). Describes origins of the collectively authored Las vírgenes locas, to which LA contributed. See also Ah123.

B1753 Chamberlin, Vernon A., ‘Nicknames as Artistic Technique in La Regenta’, AGald, 34 (1999), 75–88. The use of nicknames adds ‘variety and liveliness to the author’s narrative art’, enriching characterization and thematic development.

B1754 Cruz Vives, Miguel Ángel de la, ‘El universo filosófico de La Regenta’, Espéculo (Univ. Complutense de Madrid), Año 6, No.14 (Mar.-June 2000), 24 pp. Available at http:// www.ucm.es/info/especulo/numero14/regenta.html. Discusses LA’s intellectual and ethical formation; and the themes of education and inauthenticity in LR.

B1755 Cuartas, Javier, ‘La familia de Clarín entrega a los expertos 100 páginas clave para entender La Regenta’, El País (M), No.1286 (10.11.1999), 48. Y. Lissorgues, J.-F. Botrel, and A.C. Tolivar Alas are studying the only extant pages of the original ms. of LR.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1756 Dendle, Brian J., ‘Leopoldo Alas y el 1 de Mayo de 1891’, BRIDEA (O), 52, No.152 (1998), 233–38. Briefly comments on LA’s article, ‘El problema social’, rptd here. See also Ah131.

B1757 Faccini-Brufau, María del Carmen, ‘Su único hijo de “Clarín”: semiótica gestual en la comunicación erótica’, España Contemporánea, 11, No.2 (1998), 73–86. Following Louis Hjelmslev, F.-B. focuses on examples of a nonlinguistic code of gestures in SUH, which is presented parodically through the third-person narrator.

B1758 Fedorchek, Robert M., ‘Translator’s Preface’, in Ten Tales (see Ai35), pp.11–12. Brief introd. to his trans.

B1759 Fernández-Cifuentes, Luis, ‘Doña Berta: poética y política de la terminación’, in Ideas en sus paisajes. Homenaje al profesor Russell P. Sebold, ed. Guillermo Carnero, Ignacio Javier López, & Enrique Rubio (Alicante: Univ., 1999), pp.177–94. Comments on the disconcerting inconclusiveness of the ending, which F.-C. sees as registering the political tension between Ancien Régime power and the democratic power of modernity.

B1760 Fuentes, Víctor, ‘Estudio preliminar’, in Ac45, pp.5–32. Situates LA’s novel within the historical-cultural context of decadence and the fin de siglo, making reference to current criticism on LA; emphasizes the role of desire, the erotic, and the unconscious in LR.

B1761 García Martín, José Luis, ‘Introducción. Cuesta abajo’, in Ab17, pp.7–26. Stresses LA’s waning critical powers in Siglo pasado.

B1762 *Gargano, A[ntonio], ‘La Regenta di Clarín: dramma e romanzo in una piccola città spagnola’, L’Asino d’Oro 2 (1990), 43–53.

350

Addenda to Secondary Material B1763 Gold, Hazel, ‘Painting and Representation in Two Nineteenth-Century Novels: Galdós’s and Alas’s Skeptical Appraisal of Realism’, Hispania, 81 (1998), 830–41. In Galdós’s La Sombra and Alas’s ‘Doña Berta’ painting ‘is used allegorically to signal an impending crisis of representation’.

B1764 González Herrán, José Manuel, ‘Trenes en el paisaje (1872–1901). Pérez Galdós, Ortega Munilla, Pardo Bazán, Pereda, Zola, Alas’, in Paisaje, juego y multilingüismo, I. X Simposio de la Sociedad Española de Literatura General y Comparada (Santiago de Compostela, 18–21 Oct. 1994), ed. Darío Villanueva & Fernando Cabo Aseguinolaza (Santiago de Compostela: Univ./Consorcio, 1996), pp.345–58. On the symbolism of the train in ‘Tirso de Molina’ and ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’.

B1765 Gullón, Germán, La novela en libertad (Introducción a la lectura cultural de la narrativa), Colección Trópica, Anexos de Tropelías, 6 (Zaragoza: Univ., 1999), pp.130– 34. Focuses on the last scene between Ana Ozores and Fermín de Pas in LR, stressing the ‘worldliness’ of the text.

B1766 J.C., ‘Se reedita en Oviedo el libro póstumo de Clarín, Siglo pasado’, El País (M), No.1341 (4.1.2000). Describes the publishing circumstances of the volume. See also Ab17.

B1767 Kronik, John W., ‘Introduction’, in Ten Tales (see Ai35), pp.13–25. Discusses individually each of the ten tales.

B1768 ——, ‘La resonancia del realismo: Galdós y Clarín entre fines de siglo’, in Del 98 al 98. Literatura e historia literaria en el siglo XX hispánico. Rilce, 15, No.1 (1999) (Univ. de Navarra), ed. Víctor García Ruiz, Rosa Fernández Urtasun, & David Herzberger, pp.93–104. On the critical reception, then and now, of Galdós and LA.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1769 *Lezcano, Arturo, ‘Cartas inéditas de la Pardo Bazán a Clarín, según Gamallo Fierros’, La Voz de Galicia (La Coruña) (27.8.1987). B1770 Medina Arjona, Encarnación, ‘Émile Zola a través de la crítica de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”’, Excavatio: Émile Zola and Naturalism (San Diego), 11 (1998), 217–24. Reviews LA’s opinions of Zola.

B1771 ——, ‘Zola-Clarín’, unpubl. diss., Univ. Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, 1996 [1998, microfiche]. 443 pp. Reviews the reception of naturalism and Zola in Spain; notes the Spanish editions and translations of his work; and compares the narrative structure and themes in Zola and LA. Offers some new information on Zola in Spain, found in unpublished correspondence in the collection J. Émile-Zola, but gives few insights into LA as a naturalist.

B1772 Mitchell, Timothy, ‘La Regenta: The Psychology of Priestly Desire’, in his Betrayal of the Innocents: Desire, Power, and the Catholic Church in Spain (Philadelphia: Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 1998), pp.48–55. An unnuanced reading of priestly ‘authoritarian sexuality’ and the anticlerical element in LR.

B1773 Montero, Rosa, ‘Con la piel encendida. La Regenta, de Leopoldo Alas, “Clarín”’, El País Semanal (M), No.1175 (4.4.1999), 107–11. Touches on the reception of LR; its eroticism; and Ana Ozores.

B1774 Núñez Puente, Sonia, ‘De la carne a la estatua: fetichismo y representación en La Regenta’, Verba Hispánica (Univ. of Ljubljana, Slovenia), 7 (1999), 141–47. Suggestively argues that medieval accidia is modernized in LR.

B1775 *——, ‘La dimensión visual de La Regenta de Clarín’, Actas del XII Congreso de Investigadores (Salamanca:

352

Addenda to Secondary Material Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas de España, 1997), pp.193–99. B1776 ——, ‘Entre la estatua y la representación: La Regenta y las corrientes pictóricas del siglo XIX’, Actas del Congreso Luchas de género en la historia a través de la imagen (Univ. de Málaga, Oct. 1999), ed. Lourdes Jiménez & Teresa Sauret (in press). Focuses on the pictorial and textual image of Ana Ozores, in which her eroticization is presented as verbal sculpture.

B1777 ——, ‘El tedio y la figura femenina en La Regenta y la novela europea de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX’, unpubl. diss., Univ. de Salamanca, 1999. 350 pp. Using an interdisciplinary approach, N.P. discusses the relationship between ennui, sexuality, and the feminine in LR, Madame Bovary, and Middlemarch.

B1778 ——, ‘A través de un tiempo circular: temporalidad y ennui en La Regenta y Madame Bovary’, Tropelías (Zaragoza), Nos 9–10 (1998–99), 313–36. On the relation between the feminine and time as regressive and repetitive.

B1779 Quiñones, Fernando, La visita (Barcelona: Planeta, 1998). 342 pp. Essay disguised as a novel, based on an imaginary encounter between LA and Proust. Review: 1. Ayala-Dip, J. Ernesto. El País (M) (14.11.1998).

B1780 Reig, Rafael, ‘Las vírgenes locas, algoritmo narrativo’, in Las vírgenes locas (see Ah123), pp.ix–xix. Lively remarks on the literary, historico-cultural, and critical interest of this text, which invents its own ‘author’.

B1781 Reinstädler, Janett, ‘“¡Qué vida tan estúpida!”. Ideale, frustrierte Frauen und der “realistische” Roman der Restauration’, in Frauenbilder. Männerwelten. Weibliche

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Diskurse und Diskurse der Weiblichkeit in der spanischen Literatur und Kunst 1833–1936, ed. Jochen Heymann & Montserrat Mullor-Heymann, Gender Studies Romanistik, 4 (Berlin: Edition Tranvía/Verlag Walter Frey, 1999), pp.203–26. Pp.216–20: on Ana Ozores as the hysterical femme fragile and as a possible figure of the artist/writer inscribed within LR.

B1782 Reis, Carlos, ‘Eça de Queiroz y Clarín o la novela como discurso ideológico’, in Sin fronteras: ensayos de literatura comparada. En homenaje a Claudio Guillén, ed. Darío Villanueva, Antonio Monegal, & Enric Bou (Madrid: Castalia/Univ. Pompeu Fabra/Univ. Santiago de Compostela, 1999), pp.141–152. Using Bakhtinian and semiotic jargon, C.R. says that Clarín’s and Eça de Queiroz’s naturalism is similar.

B1783 Ríos Sánchez, Patrocinio, ‘“Diálogo edificante”, alegoría de Clarín sobre la intolerancia religiosa española a fines del siglo XIX’, RL, 60, No.120 (1998), 463–89. Well-documented study of the specific circumstances in 1892 which prompted LA’s allegorical Renanian dialogue on religious tolerance. LA steers a course midway between patriotic Catholicism and spiritual openness.

B1784 Riquer, Martín de, & José María Valverde, Historia de la literatura universal. Romanticismo y realismo, vol.7 (Barcelona: Planeta, 1994), pp.480–82, 507–12. Introductory material; and extract from LR. See Ah125.

B1785 Rivera de la Cruz, Marta, ‘John Rutherford: de La Regenta al Quijote’, Espéculo (Univ. Complutense de Madrid) [Año 2], No.4 (March 1996), 4 pp. Available at http:// www.ucm.es/info/especulo/numero4/rutherfo.htm. Interview with the English translator of LR, who comments on his first encounter with the novel.

354

Addenda to Secondary Material B1786 Rodríguez Marín, Rafael, ‘Del latín subestándar en La Regenta de Clarín’, Archivum (O), 46–47 (1996–97), 425–49. Latinismos, cultismos, and substandard Spanish are used for purposes of characterization and of parody.

B1787 Ruiz Pérez, Ángel, ‘Clarín y el mundo clásico’, Estudios Clásicos (M), 111 (1997), 61–71. Discusses LA’s use of the classics as a humanist model of understanding.

B1788 Sanz Villanueva, Santos, ‘Introducción’, in O.C., IV (see Aa4), pp.ix–xl. Comments on the genesis and contents of the Folletos literarios, stressing their subjective quality.

B1789 Sotelo Vázquez, Adolfo, ‘Los discursos del Naturalismo en España (1881–1889)’, in Actas del I Coloquio. Del Romanticismo al Realismo. Sociedad de Literatura Española del Siglo XIX (Barcelona, 24–26 Oct. 1996), ed. Luis F. Díaz Larios & Enrique Miralles (Barcelona: Univ., 1998), pp.453–64. On the dialogue between LA’s views of naturalism and their application in LR.

B1790 ——, ‘“En este rito no canta misa el que quiere”: Leopoldo Alas, teórico de la novela’, in Pensamiento y literatura en España en el siglo XIX. Idealismo, positivismo, espiritualismo, ed. Yvan Lissorgues & Gonzalo Sobejano (Toulouse: Presses Universitaires du Mirail, 1998), pp.123–39. Following Henri Mitterand, S.V. analyses LA’s critical writings as falling into either the modelo de recepción or the modelo de producción categories.

B1791 Suárez Martínez, Pedro Manuel, ‘Clarín y El gallo de Sócrates’, Archivum (O), 46–47 (1996–97), 473–86. The gallo’s views represent a defence not only of Socrates but of Clarín himself.

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) B1792 Suárez Solís, Sara, ‘“Clarín” y el jubileo de León XIII, según El Carbayón’, BRIDEA (O), 52, No.151 (1998), 215–24. Interesting details on LA’s opposition to mixing State and Church affairs during Leo XIII’s Jubilee in 1888.

B1793 Ubach Medina, Antonio, ‘Don Juan y La Regenta’, Espéculo (Univ. Complutense de Madrid), [Año 2], No.2 (Mar. 1996), 11 pp. Available at http://www.ucm.es/info/ especulo/numero2/djuanreg.htm. A largely descriptive article on the presence of Don Juan Tenorio in LR.

B1794 Valis, Noël, ‘Hysteria and Historical Context in La Regenta’, RHM, 53 (2000), 325–51. A study of the relation between religion, politics, and personality in LR. Focuses on Ana Ozores’s hysteria as a religious phenomenon related to the politicization of Santa Teresa de Jesús in the early 1880s.

B1795 ——, ‘True Confessions: Carme Riera’s Cuestión de amor propio’, RCEH, 23 (1999), 311–27. On the intertextual use of LR as a way to explore the relationship between women writers, gender, and the institutionalization of writing in Spain.

B1796 Wagschal, Steven, ‘¿“Incertidumbre moderna” o “moralismo medieval”?: la interpretación de la ambigüedad textual en Su único hijo de Clarín’, RHM, 51 (1998), 257–72. An interesting, though not always convincing, attempt to explain the built-in ambiguity of SUH as an untraditional way to choose, morally, between hope and despair.

356

SUBJECT INDEX Accidia: B1774 Adultery, theme of: B120, 165, 558, 697, 707, 1145, 1512 Aguirre, Goico: Aj21, 45 Alas, Leopoldo: Aesthetics, conception of: B381, 658, 804, 1156, 1394, 1470; see also Novel, conception of; Poetry, conception of; and Theatre, conception of, under Alas, Leopoldo Anticlericalism: Ah98; see also Anticlericalism; Priest, theme of; and Religion, theme of antiflamenquismo: B506 antimadrileñismo: B560 Architecture, views on: B927 asturianismo: Ah69; B45, 61, 485, 505, 560, 580–81, 607, 609, 954, 1185, 1196–97, 1217, 1363, 1396, 1591; see also Asturias; and bable Ateneo lectures: B194, 370–71, 517, 585, 788, 1552–58, 1586, 1629; see also Ateneo (Madrid) Attacks on: Af6;B5, 69, 147, 170, 174–86, 216, 248, 299, 397, 426, 435, 615, 816, 845, 924, 932, 1011, 1071, 1101–4, 1138, 1213, 1263, 1268, 1278, 1281–84, 1288, 1296, 1304, 1315, 1432, 1446, 1490, 1532, 1536, 1541, 1573; see also Polemics, under Alas, Leopoldo Autograph mss: Af2, 21, 25–31; Ah101; Aj16–19; B439, 857, 1755 Banknote, creation of: Aj76; B569, 1713

Banquet for: B49, 1625 Bibliography on: B198, 302–3, 743, 822, 1125, 1313, 1410, 1429, 1437, 1462, 1472, 1707 Biography: B56, 65, 98, 202, 232– 34, 243, 302–3, 430, 516, 522, 803, 820, 834–35, 909, 921, 998, 1067–68, 1093, 1148, 1171, 1180, 1207, 1218, 1292, 1461, 1708 Bullfight, views on: B485 Caricatured: Aj22–25, 30–33, 35, 37, 41–43, 51, 53–55, 63–73; B375 Censorship, attitude towards: Ab15 Centennial: B1, 19, 21, 55, 78, 129, 267, 282, 442, 583, 773–74, 1008, 1174, 1365, 1367, 1416, 1431, 1559, 1571–72, 1599–1600, 1602, 1638, 1660, 1700, 1710, 1741 Círculo de la Unión Mercantil e Industrial (Gijón), talk at: B1146 Classics, interest in: B350, 1114, 1122, 1787 Contemporaries, relationship with: Ab15; Af9, 15; B22, 77, 125, 283, 347, 488–89, 561, 579, 594, 687– 88, 782, 1011, 1020, 1078, 1131, 1142–44, 1205–6, 1255, 1288, 1380–81, 1388–89, 1420; see also Attacks on; and Polemics, under Alas, Leopoldo Contradictions in: B199–200, 1357 Correspondence: Af1–31; B77, 199, 201, 206, 250, 273, 302, 476, 487, 489, 491–92, 561, 818–19, 857, 943, 999, 1109, 1141–42, 1144, 1166, 1306, 1769 Councilman, position of: B233, 617

357

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Alas, Leopoldo (cont.) Critics, attitudes of: B125, 139, 142, 278, 296, 325, 376, 388, 1768 Culture, ideas on: B189, 385, 675, 741 Death: B14, 233, 239, 249, 357–58, 399–400, 450, 596, 598, 747–48, 814, 1022–23, 1094, 1232, 1568, 1581, 1630, 1659, 1684–86, 1688, 1711; see also Obituary, under Alas, Leopoldo Economic circumstances: B237, 1403 Editions, description of: B427, 433, 549, 821, 879, 1005, 1408 Editorship: Af20; B1012 Education, views on: Ab6; Ah96; B53, 725, 835; see also Educator, under Alas, Leopoldo; and Utilitarianism, in education Educator: B15, 402, 501, 508, 986, 1433; see also Education, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo Exhibit of Clariniana: Aj60; B302, 474, 479, 794, 819, 1097, 1366, 1521, 1571, 1633, 1643, 1682 Family: B1755 Folklore, interest in: B297, 1044–45, 1549 Gijón strike, role in: Ah70; B233, 837, 1510; see also Working classes, relationship with, under Alas, Leopoldo Grammar, concern with: B675, 1026–27, 1258 Guimarán (summer retreat): B33, 40, 220–22, 224–25, 247, 303, 310, 313, 333, 1361, 1483 hispanismo: Ah104; B79, 274; see also iberismo, under Alas, Leopoldo History, conception of: Ag1; Ah127; B962–63; see also History, use of Homage volumes: B63, 72, 302–4, 318, 328–29, 339, 428, 664, 708, 714, 716, 745, 952, 1007, 1080, 1098, 1108, 1473, 1548, 1718, 1719–20, 1725; see also Symposia on, under Alas, Leopoldo

Humanism: B502–3, 727, 1787 Humour: Ab9; B613, 1383 iberismo: Ab15; Ah66–67;Ai27; B67, 1452; see also hispanismo, under Alas, Leopoldo; and Liga Literaria Hispano-Portuguesa Iconography: Aj20–77; B316–17, 1702 Ideology: B4, 212, 276, 354, 518–19, 731, 1072, 1228 Illness: B207, 223, 236, 678, 1287, 1740 Influences on: B579, 651, 705, 707, 781, 829, 855, 912, 923, 969, 1048, 1075–77, 1152, 1387, 1477, 1746, 1751; see also NonHispanic writers, relationship to, under Alas, Leopoldo Intellectual development: Ac40; B517–18, 656, 731, 812, 1492, 1754 Journalist: Af15, 29; B201, 360, 392, 741, 743, 895, 1308, 1484 Juvenilia: Ab9; B1126–27 Language, use of: B3, 9, 695, 712, 1029, 1152, 1183, 1185, 1188, 1221, 1757, 1786 Latin-American writers, attitude towards: Ab4; Ah76; B90, 510, 778, 1166–67, 1374, 1376, 1385; see also Non-Hispanic writers, relationship to, under Alas, Leopoldo Law, concept of: Ab3; Ag2; Ah101; B226–27, 271, 279, 353, 516, 519, 614, 625, 659, 903, 1019, 1209; see also Juridical, motif of Library: B439, 443, 872, 874, 1178, 1564 Literary critic: Ab1–2, 4, 11–12; Af26; B83, 125, 130–31, 134, 142, 172, 380, 393, 423, 595, 630, 672, 825, 876, 986, 1002, 1043, 1134, 1163, 1186, 1371–77, 1384, 1390–91, 1454, 1497, 1515–17, 1562, 1594 Literary development: B130, 197, 656, 1127, 1194

358

Subject Index Marriage: B36, 335, 490, 874, 976, 1211 Medal, commemorative: Aj50; B639, 1096 Melodrama, views on: Ad32; see also Melodrama (in narrative) Modernity: B121, 526, 636–37, 774, 1285, 1466, 1746, 1751, 1759 Monuments to: Aj46, 48, 59, 61, 75; B36, 335, 827, 1211, 1567, 1644, 1653 Moral sensibility: B727–28, 1075–76 Navy (Spanish), dispute with: Ah89; B173, 1032, 1309, 1588–90, 1595–98, 1606–14, 1673–78, 1701, 1744; see also Armada, Arturo de Neglect of: B82, 338, 409, 526, 604, 1750; see also Popularity, under Alas, Leopoldo Non-Hispanic writers, relationship to: Ab15; Ah71–73; B1463; see also Influence on, under Alas, Leopoldo; and Latin-American writers, attitude towards, under Alas, Leopoldo Novel, conception of: Ab8, 10; Ah75; B133, 1790; see also Aesthetics, conception of, under Alas, Leopoldo Obituary: B143, 280, 295, 813, 992, 1024, 1158, 1280, 1308, 1356, 1453, 1545, 1584, 1587, 1623–24, 1649–51, 1654, 1656, 1687, 1689–93; see also Death, under Alas, Leopoldo Obras completas: Aa3; B265, 409, 791, 868, 928–29, 1139, 1198– 1200, 1631–32 Patriotism: B381, 1179 Personality: Ad22; B200, 402, 444, 463, 944, 998, 1058, 1458, 1724 Pessimism: Af21; B1387 Philosophy, ideas on: B191, 494, 519, 659, 677, 739–40, 1432, 1754 Plagiarism, accused of: Ah86; B89, 96, 102, 171, 175, 179–80, 183,

185–86, 514, 680, 941, 948, 1264–65, 1273 Poems dedicated to: B73, 1444 Poetic element, presence of: B363, 734, 963, 1343, 1349 Poetry: Ah50–63; B194, 1430, 1467– 68, 1579 Poetry, conception of: B404, 417; see also Aesthetics, conception of, under Alas, Leopoldo Polemics: B38, 69, 122, 186, 206, 248, 272, 277, 297, 349, 366, 388, 540, 543, 565, 612, 826, 835–36, 842, 1131, 1410, 1615–19, 1627, 1698, 1709, 1742; see also Attacks on, under Alas, Leopoldo Politics: Ab5, 13, 15; B191, 541, 677, 731, 900, 1228, 1308, 1792 Popularity: B338, 427, 570, 1059, 1422, 1626, 1666, 1726; see also Neglect of, under Alas, Leopoldo Postage stamp, creation of: Aj77 Projects, unfinished: Ad32; Aei; B572, 1069, 1112, 1116, 1151, 1153–54, 1466, 1482 Pseudonyms: Ag6; Ah59; B483, 1236 Public, relationship with: B1302–3 Publishing rights: B427 Quarrels: see Polemics Regenerationism, attitude towards: Ab5; Ah77; B590, 669, 735, 812, 1308, 1379, 1381, 1386 Regionalism, attitude towards: Ah94; B192, 1381 Religious beliefs: Af7; B59–60, 191, 389, 518–19, 567, 656–57, 727, 730, 739–40, 1009, 1179, 1357, 1394, 1515–16, 1783, 1792 Republicanism: B541, 1582 Self-dissatisfaction: Af21; B1151 Sex, views on: Ah105; see also Women, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo; Sex, theme of; and Sexuality, theme of Short stories: Ad23, 25–26, 43, 45, 49; B95–96, 289, 381, 386, 404– 7, 451, 726, 734, 775, 780, 815, 830, 910, 1112, 1128, 1130, 1182,

359

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) role of; and Women, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo Working classes, relationship with: Ah70, 131; B214, 621, 647, 1756; see also Class conflict, theme of; Extensión Universitaria (Gijón); Extensión Universitaria (Oviedo); and Gijón strike, role in, under Alas, Leopoldo Alas Argüelles, Leopoldo (son of LA): B231, 233–34, 252, 330, 338, 461, 690, 767, 1003, 1064, 1178, 1338, 1362 Alas de la Llave, Elisa (daughter of LA): B75 Alas y Ureña, Adolfo (brother of LA): Af2; B476 Alas y Ureña, Genaro (brother of LA): B1180, 1282 Alba, Fernando: Aj46; B36 Alienation, theme of: B952, 1192, 1407, 1499, 1502 Álvarez, Melquíades: B233, 523 Álvarez Carabia, Ruperto: Aj47 Álvarez Laviada: Aj48 Anarchism: B731, 900, 921, 1510 Animalization, technique of: B326, 1215 Antiapocalypse, theme of: see Apocalypse, theme of Anticlericalism: Ah98; B1772; see also Anticlericalism, under Alas, Leopoldo; Priest, theme of; and Religion, theme of Antifeminism: see Feminism anti-modernismo: see modernismo Apocalypse, theme of: B1481 Aragonese element (in narrative): B240, 920 Arial, Jorge: B64, 327; see also ‘Cambio de luz’ Armada, Arturo de: B1597–98, 1610, 1744; see also Navy (Spanish), dispute with, under Alas, Leopoldo Arroyo, Narciso: B1151; see also ‘Cuesta abajo’ Arte y Letras: Ah127, 130

Alas, Leopoldo: Short stories (cont.) 1184–85, 1291, 1341, 1345, 1358, 1363 Social reality, view of: Ab5; Ah112, 115; B385, 590, 669, 736, 969, 974, 1230 Socialism, attitude towards: B731, 766–67, 1543–44, 1603, 1622, 1727 Sociologist: B368 Street, naming of: B509 Style: B4, 378, 484, 629, 654, 769 Symposia on: B23–26, 30–34, 37, 78, 244–46, 303–4, 424, 434, 446, 513, 701, 762, 811, 883, 958, 1061, 1307, 1421, 1464, 1480, 1513, 1560, 1672, 1680, 1729; see also Homage volumes, under Alas, Leopoldo Theatre, conception of: Ah84–85, 108, 118; B219, 278, 456, 467, 655, 1113, 1208, 1272, 1274, 1375, 1448–49, 1503–4; see also Aesthetics, conception of, under Alas, Leopoldo; and Teresa Translation, conception of: Aj1–5; B769, 1072; see also Translation, problems of Univ. de Madrid (position): Ah101; B1209 Univ. de Oviedo (position): Af18 Univ. de Zaragoza (position): B530, 1193 University professorship: B464, 835, 1160 Urbanism, views on: B927 Virgin Mary, preoccupation with: B818, 1344, 1709; see also Maternal, theme of Women, views on: Ah105; B593, 1124, 1229; see also Feminism; Sex, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo; Women, role of; and Women writers, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo Women writers, views on: B136, 147, 896; see also Feminism; Pardo Bazán, Emilia; Women,

360

Subject Index Asturias: B61, 270, 282, 315, 419, 485; see also asturianismo, under Alas, Leopoldo; and bable Ateneo: B483, 1615, 1627; see also Ateneo lectures, under Alas, Leopoldo Augustine, St: B1534

Catholic Church (Spanish): B76, 416, 504, 936, 950, 1254, 1394, 1432; see also Priest, theme of; Religion, theme of; and Religious beliefs, under Alas, Leopoldo Celedonio: B1399; see also La Regenta Centenario de 1892: B652 cervantismo: B41, 94, 258, 1321; see also Cervantes, Miguel de; and Illusion, theme of Chaos theory, use of: B1248 Characterization, use of: B112, 154, 156, 160, 258, 288, 379, 458, 481, 497, 542, 623, 636, 796, 925, 1249, 1526, 1753, 1786; see also Characters, secondary Characters, secondary: B138, 145, 159, 285, 547, 1111, 1220, 1399; see also Characterization, use of Child, role of: B108, 534, 707, 978, 1015, 1135, 1176 Childhood: see Child, role of Chronotope, use of: B1382 Cilla: see Cilla, Francisco Ramón Cilla, Francisco Ramón [pseud.: Cilla]: Aj30–31, 51 Cinematic techniques, use of: B34, 149, 586, 776, 937 Cirene, Sinesio de (Bishop): Ah132 Clarín: see Alas, Leopoldo Class conflict, theme of: B574, 623, 802; see also Working Classes, relationship with, under Alas, Leopoldo Coenesthesia, use of: B1465 Colón, Cristóbal: B652 Colonialism, motif of: B1095; see also New World, motif of Colour, use of: B27, 1326–27 El Comercio: B489, 1308 Confession, function of: B17, 114, 163, 165, 200, 558, 643, 1021, 1795 Copying, motif of: B1477 El Correo de Asturias: Af23; B818 Cos y Macho, José María de (Cardinal): B76, 591–92, 881–82, 916, 1705; see also Pas, Fermín de costumbrismo: B406, 458, 1508

bable: B45, 498, 581, 607, 619, 954, 1196–97, 1396, 1591; see also asturianismo, under Alas, Leopoldo; and Asturias Badillo: Aj29, 49 barroco, concept of: B927 Bedoya, Amadeo: B611; see also La Regenta Bermúdez, Saturnino: B1111; see also La Regenta Bilis-Club: B563 Binarisms, use of: B686; see also Dualism, use of; and Manicheanism Blindness, motif of: B327; see also Sight, motif of Boïto, Arrigo: B1116 Boredom, theme of: B320, 524, 1777– 78 Bourgeoisie (Spanish): B52, 416, 546, 548, 933, 1106 Bovary, Emma: see Flaubert, Gustave bovarysme: B465, 1110, 1413–14; see also Flaubert, Gustave caciquismo: B1308 Calvo, Rafael: B1509 Camoirán, Fortunato: B76, 553, 643, 689, 907, 1220; see also La Regenta; and Sanz y Forés, Benito Candás: see Carreño, Concejo de Carbayón: B233 El Carbayón: B489 La Caricatura: B284 Carreño, Concejo de: B224, 310, 313; see also Guimarán (summer retreat), under Alas, Leopoldo casería, system of: B974 Castle, motif of: B140 Castro, Francisco de: Aj50; B1096

361

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Country/city, theme of: B697 Crespo, Tomás: see Frígilis Los Cuadernos del Norte: Aj25; B32, 339, 1251, 1550 Cuba, problem of: B91, 173, 1308, 1468 cultismos: B1786

Dualism, use of: B1150; see also Binarisms, use of; and Manicheanism Dystopian literature: see Science fiction, motif of Education, role of: B108, 1305, 1754; see also Education, under Alas, Leopoldo Elections: Af12; B1306, 1637 Elías/Santamarina: Aj53 English culture, influence of: B309, 311–12 ensayos: Ab7; see also Ensayos y revistas Entropy, theme of: B706, 1320 La Época: B1032 Eroticism, role of: B124, 196, 406, 507, 729, 785, 955, 1136, 1312, 1757, 1760, 1773–74, 1776; see also Sex, theme of; and Sexuality, theme of La España Moderna: B80, 284, 1255, 1520 Estrada, Guillermo: B460 Eufemia: B1169; see also Su único hijo Extensión Universitaria (Gijón): B1601, 1635; see also Working classes, relationship with, under Alas, Leopoldo Extensión Universitaria (Oviedo): B51, 233, 621, 901, 1298; see also Working classes, relationship with, under Alas, Leopoldo

Daulia, Bishop of: Ah98; B1235; see also Nauplia, Bishop of; and La Regenta Death, theme of: B398, 406, 582, 796, 1063, 1188 Decadence, theme of: B324, 398, 692, 989, 1085, 1436, 1760; see also Decadentism; and fin de siècle/fin de siglo Decadentism: Ah92; B106, 274, 1226; see also Decadence, theme of; and fin de siècle/fin de siglo Dehumanization: see Animalization, technique of Delgado, Álvaro: Aj52 Demonic, motif of: B1116, 1155, 1481 Description, use of: B577, 694, 856, 1181, 1378, 1382; see also detallismo detallismo: B558–59; see also Description, use of Determinism: see Free will, theme of Devouring, motif of: B86; see also Food, motif of Dialogue, use of: B150, 153 Díaz de Laspra y Gutiérrez, Manuel Antonio: B314 Digression, use of: B545 Disorder, theme of: B1247, 1476 Domestic violence, theme of: B1402 El Domingo: B1012 Don Juan: see Don Juanism Don Juanism: B495, 499, 530, 637, 755, 757, 799–800, 889, 1042, 1188 Don Quijote (periodical): Af30 Don Quijote, typology of: B637 Doña Berta: B390, 1168, 1745; see also ‘Doña Berta’ Dreams, motif of: B1257, 1475; see also Reverie, motif of

Falo [pseud.]: Aj54 Fantastic, use of: B1293, 1524 Faro Moderno: B1375 federalismo: B1261 Feminism: B527–28, 1229, 1439; see also Feminist criticism; Women, role of; Women, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo; and Women writers, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo Feminist criticism: B58, 290–94, 301, 525, 527–28, 663, 799; see also

362

Subject Index Feminism; Gender, problem of; Women, role of; Women, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo; and Women writers, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo femme fragile: B1781 Fernández, Calixto: Aj55 Fetishism: see Eroticism, role of Figure: see Metaphor, use of fin de siècle/fin de siglo: B195, 520, 692, 735, 964–65, 971, 1386, 1466, 1474, 1760; see also Decadence, theme of; Decadentism; and modernismo Fluidity, image of: B1095, 1248 Focalization: see Point of view (in narrative) Food, motif of: B574, 706, 1328, 1401, 1534; see also Devouring, motif of Free will, theme of: B141, 163, 319 French culture, influence of: B411, 1076, 1418 Freudianism: B975, 1423 Frígilis (Tomás Crespo): B1015, 1073, 1220; see also La Regenta Frustration, theme of: B211, 1413

Germán: B1135; see also La Regenta Gil Blas: B483 Gómez Soler, Francisco: B203 Gorgheggi, Serafina: B309, 1169; see also Su único hijo Gounod, Charles: B350, 1116, 1121 Grotesque, use of: B693, 1524 Guadalajara, presence of: B369, 430 Guerra, Alfonso: B32, 1097, 1251, 1548 Guerrero, María: Ah83; B2, 403 Guimarán, Pompeyo: B506; see also La Regenta Hell, theme of: B1013 El Heraldo de Madrid: B14, 1032 Herrero, Jaime: Ad62; Aj56–57 Herrero y Espinosa, Sebastián (Bishop of Oviedo): B76 Hevia Granda, Víctor: Aj58–59 History, use of: B962, 1470, 1507, 1794; see also History, conception of, under Alas, Leopoldo Humanization: see Animalization, technique of Hunger, motif of: see Food, motif of Hybridity, motif of: B1511 Hygiene, role of: B406 Hysteria, use of: B16, 148, 698, 723, 887, 977, 1234, 1237, 1423, 1781, 1794; see also Medical discourse, use of

García Alas, Genaro (father of LA): B430, 487, 618, 819 García Alas, Leocadia Ureña de (mother of LA): B487 García Alix, Antonio: B835 Garden, motif of: B683 Gender, problem of: B288, 692, 1328– 35, 1337, 1795; see also Feminist criticism Generation of 1898: B99–101, 283, 368, 687–88, 1018, 1379; see also gente nueva Generation of 1868: B99–101 Genre, question of: Ad25; B96, 136, 289, 724, 1341, 1524 gente nueva: B260, 366, 824, 877–78; see also Generation of 1898; and gente vieja gente vieja: B105–7, 260, 824; see also gente nueva

Identity, theme of: B415, 698, 925, 1028, 1030–31, 1079, 1328–35, 1442–43, 1794; see also Alienation, theme of Illusion, theme of: B12, 637–38, 1156; see also cervantismo Illustrations, use of: B203–4, 913, 1535 La Ilustración Española y Americana: B284 La Ilustración Gallega y Asturiana: B194 La Ilustración Ibérica: Ah128 Imagination, role of: B1460 El Imparcial: Ad43; Af31; B14 Inauthenticity, theme of: B1754

363

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Incest, figure of: B918, 1537–38 indianos: B87, 555, 610, 847, 1095, 1216 Inner monologue, technique of: B57 Intellectual, theme of: B1121 Interiority (in narrative): B135, 363, 1528 Intertextuality, use of: B722–23, 855, 912, 1136, 1168, 1321, 1370, 1400 intrahistoria: B1470 Introversion, novel of: B717 Irony, use of: B292, 300, 311–12, 354, 378, 702, 1029, 1221, 1436; see also Satire, use of

Lombardía, Miguel Ángel: Aj60; B27– 28, 419, 475, 1720 López Hernández, J.: Aj61 Lorezana: B315; see also 'Viaje redondo' Love, theme of: B350, 369, 394, 405, 536, 950 Madonna, figure of: B1326; see also Virgin Mary, preoccupation with, under Alas, Leopoldo Madrid Cómico: Af3, 19–20; Ah132; B199, 206, 284, 375, 798, 877,895 Manicheanism: B702; see also Binarisms, use of; and Dualism, use of Manín de Pepa José: B1069; see also ‘Manín de Pepa José’ mano negra: B126, 214, 517; see also ‘El hambre en Andalucía’ Marginality, theme of: B1204 Marriage, theme of: B118, 323, 1121 Martínez Abades, Juan: Aj62 Martínez Vigil, Ramón (Bishop of Oviedo): B76, 273, 831, 1138, 1593 Marxism: B731, 1543, 1601, 1603, 1635 Materialism, theme of: B1146, 1601 Maternal, theme of: B288, 395, 990, 1246, 1337, 1442, 1500, 1505; see also Paternity, theme of; and Virgin Mary, preoccupation with, under Alas, Leopoldo Medical discourse, use of: B16, 698, 723, 1234, 1237; see also Hygiene, role of; and Hysteria, use of Melodrama (in narrative): B1155; see also Melodrama, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo Memory, theme of: B195, 972 Menchís [pseud.]: Aj42, 63 Menéndez Pidal, Luis [pseud.: MorCilla]: Aj41, 64 Mero [pseud.]: see Pérez Sierra y Suárez del Otero, Alberto Mesía, Álvaro: B140, 217, 319, 499, 784, 1000, 1133, 1326, 1398, 1506; see also La Regenta Messiah, figure of: B1326

Juan Rana: B366, 368, 1742 Juridical, motif of: B314, 614; see also Law, concept of, under Alas, Leopoldo Kempis, Thomas à: B553 Kinesthesia, use of: B112 Knowledge, theme of: B1748 Körner, Marta: B1169; see also Su único hijo krausismo: Ab15; B353, 412–13, 518, 567, 590, 593, 656, 659, 685, 689–90, 765–66, 812, 1019, 1370, 1389, 1526 Landscape, description of: B104, 1054, 1764; see also Setting (in narrative); and Space (in narrative) latinismos: B1786 Leal de la Cámara: see Pérez de Ayala, Ramón La Lectura: B284 Leo XIII: B1792 Lerroux, Alejandro: Af10; B1625 liber naturae: B188 El Liberal: Ah131 Liga Literaria Hispano-Portuguesa: Ab15; Ah66–67; B67, 1452, 1486; see also iberismo, under Alas, Leopoldo Light, motif of: B1188 literaturización: B387, 651 Litotes, use of: B756 Llaneza, Manuel: B767 Llimona, Juan: B203, 913

364

Subject Index 1495, 1515–18, 1554–55, 1733, 1770–71, 1782, 1789 Nauplia, Bishop of: B1235; see also Daulia, Bishop of Nausea, motif of: B189, 1332 Negentropy: B1247 Nepomuceno, Juan: B1169; see also Su único hijo New World, motif of: B415; see also Colonialism, motif of Nicknames, use of: B1753 Nocedal, Cándido: Ah98 El Noroeste: B1308 Las Novedades: Ab4; B1374, 1385 novela novelesca: B971 novela poética: B363, 656 Nuestro Tiempo: B284

Metafictionality, use of: B264, 584, 723, 1203, 1244–45, 1317–21, 1434; see also mise-en-abyme Metaphor, use of: B149, 208, 542, 575, 756, 849, 1095, 1188, 1248, 1435, 1533–34 Meyerbeer, Giacomo: B1116 Military, motif of: B350, 393 mirada, motif of: see Sight, motif of Miscelánea: Ah71–73; B1463 mise-en-abyme: B162, 1318; see also Metafictionality, use of modernismo: B64, 90, 105, 195, 274, 368, 782, 1376, 1539–40; see also fin de siècle/fin de siglo Moisture, motif of: B1312 Money, theme of: B118, 569 Monstrous, motif of: B1475 Montage: see Cinematic techniques, use of Monte, [Juan Manuel]: Aj65 Monteseriu: Aj36, 66 Mor-Cilla: see Menéndez Pidal, Luis Moreno Nieto, José de: Ah24 ‘Movimiento de Oviedo’: B33, 765, 904 ‘El Mozo’: see Vicente, Paulino Mud, motif of: B1332 ‘La Mujer Virtuosa’: B662 Museum, motif of: B548 Music, role of: B195, 350, 496, 546, 1116, 1121, 1152, 1277 Mysticism, role of: B42, 116–17, 350, 698, 1234, 1534 Myth, use of: B480, 1060

Objects, use of: B120, 132, 425, 624, 777 Occultism: B358 Olías de Cuervo, Visitación: B1505; see also La Regenta Opera: see Music, role of Order, theme of: see Disorder, theme of Orgaz, Joaquín: B506; see also La Regenta Orphan (female), theme of: B946, 1500 Oviedo: see Vetusta Ozores, Ana: B7, 16–18, 48, 57, 93, 108, 116, 140–41, 217, 241, 247, 255, 288, 290–93, 311, 319–20, 343, 377, 390, 416, 497, 527–28, 530, 558, 601, 606, 611, 662–63, 698, 711, 723, 733, 742, 768, 777, 785, 793, 887–88, 890, 896–98, 908, 925, 946, 956, 975–79, 994, 1057, 1110, 1119, 1133, 1135, 1145, 1200, 1204, 1234, 1237, 1256, 1326, 1328, 1333, 1342, 1344, 1349, 1378, 1414, 1419, 1442–43, 1471, 1475, 1500, 1502, 1512, 1518, 1519, 1533–34, 1749, 1765, 1773, 1776, 1781, 1794; see also La Regenta Ozores, Carlos: B768, 1336; see also La Regenta

Naming (in narrative): B626, 1169 Narrative endings: B113, 115, 119, 289, 888, 1106, 1150, 1191, 1353, 1481 Nation, question of: B381, 415, 1095, 1308, 1468 Naturalism: Ab15; Ag3; Ah87; Aj2; B62, 104, 110, 141, 193, 212, 218, 264, 275–76, 285, 306, 345, 386, 401, 454, 483, 544, 589, 729, 738, 744–45, 758, 771–72, 879–80, 890, 911, 914, 968, 970, 972, 1014, 1099, 1145, 1157, 1279, 1343, 1346, 1351–52, 1373, 1475,

365

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Catholic Church (Spanish); and Religion, theme of Procession, motif of: B165 El Progreso: Af10; B49, 1625 prólogos: Ab14; B500, 676, 1236, 1459 Pseudoromanticism: see Romanticism La Publicidad: B549

Painting, motif of: B1194, 1763 paliques: Ab15; B14; see also Palique; and ‘Palique’ Paradise, theme of: B1013 Parody, use of: B311, 359, 723, 1076, 1221, 1522, 1527, 1786 Pas, Fermín de: B7, 17–18, 46, 57, 76, 140, 152, 158, 217, 242, 319, 497, 553, 689, 723, 742, 768, 793, 848, 881–82, 916, 979, 996, 1031, 1085, 1095, 1133, 1149, 1235, 1326, 1328, 1330, 1333, 1506, 1765; see also La Regenta Pastiche: see Parody, use of Paternity, theme of: B119, 350, 413, 707, 918, 964, 1477, 1537–38; see also Maternal, theme of Patriarchy, presence of: B118, 289, 799, 1246, 1466 Pedro el Ciego: B14 Pérez de Ayala, Ramón [pseud.: Leal de la Cámara]: Aj43, 67 Pérez Sierra y Suárez del Otero, Alberto [pseud.: Mero]: Aj22, 68 Perspective (in narrative): see Point of view (in narrative) Petra: B1399; see also La Regenta Physiognomy, role of: B406, 458 Pidal [y Mon], Alejandro: B476 Plato: B705 Point of view (in narrative): B95, 155, 542, 626, 629, 632–33, 636, 663, 737, 848, 853, 973, 1190, 1194, 1225, 1519 Politics, role of: Ab5; B1759, 1794 Pons, Ángel: Aj23, 33, 37, 69 Pornography, role of: B293 Portocarrero, Camila: B1399, 1505; see also La Regenta El Porvenir: Ab15; B1451 Posada Herrera, José: Af18; B819 posibilismo: B541, 1261 Positivism: B191, 685 Power, theme of: B416, 848, 994 Pre-Raphaelitism: B309 Priest, theme of: B396, 742, 779, 1085, 1772; see also Anticlericalism;

Quintanar, Víctor: B41, 109, 319, 553, 611, 777, 920, 1133, 1237, 1398, 1506, 1519; see also La Regenta R.P.: Aj70 Raíces, Paula: B1095, 1330, 1505; see also La Regenta Ramayana: B1271 Rampolla, Cardinal: B1705 Reader-response theory: B71, 157, 289, 633; see also Reading, motif of Reading, motif of: B71, 611, 633, 635–36, 650, 663, 959, 1120, 1225, 1256, 1303, 1305, 1318, 1321, 1526; see also Reader-response theory Real Academia Española: B1242, 1267 Realism: Aj2; B79, 324, 341, 462, 665, 694–95, 723, 744–45, 759, 801, 890–91, 911, 914, 962–63, 968, 1086, 1244–45, 1537–38, 1749, 1763, 1768 Reception (of LR): B20, 29, 68, 71, 129, 157, 235, 382, 427, 443, 489, 491, 587, 603–4, 622, 715, 753, 764, 821, 831, 843, 859, 1062, 1219, 1367, 1404, 1409– 11, 1414, 1479, 1514, 1523, 1760, 1773 Reception (of SUH): B832, 1301–3, 1412 Regoyos, Darío de: B270 Religion, theme of: B116–17, 120, 146, 191, 553, 709, 786–87, 810, 965, 1254, 1395, 1506, 1527, 1783, 1794; see also Catholic Church (Spanish); Priest, theme of; and Religious beliefs, under Alas, Leopoldo Restoration (Spanish): B65, 392, 894, 959, 969, 1001, 1099, 1326

366

Subject Index Reverie, motif of: B195; see also Dreams, motif of revistas: Ab7; Ah109–13; B14; see also Ensayos y revistas Reyes, Bonifacio: B288, 536–37, 717, 888, 918, 965, 1169, 1305; see also Su único hijo Rianzares, Petronila: B1382; see also La Regenta Ripamilán, Cayetano: B920; see also La Regenta Rodríguez, Ramón: Aj71 Rodríguez Junco, Carlos: B1570 Romanticism: B102, 116, 141, 564, 733, 850, 855, 933, 1076, 1311, 1340, 1343, 1352–54 Rossini, Gioachino: B1121

Sight, motif of: B154, 290, 293, 575, 633, 848–49, 852, 1129, 1156, 1748, 1775; see also Blindness, motif of signatura rerum: B188 Socrates: B1791 El Solfeo: B417, 483 Soto Buznego, Ignacio: B439, 443, 1564 Soto Buznego, Raquel: B439, 443 Space (in narrative): B123, 132, 154, 156, 165, 289, 310, 313, 493, 542, 576, 634, 831, 1013, 1192, 1243, 1249, 1436, 1533; see also Landscape, description of; and Setting (in narrative) Specularity, use of (in narrative): B162, 849, 851–52, 1156, 1318, 1435 Speech, role of: B292 Spirit/flesh conflict, theme of: B661; see also Sex, theme of Sports, theme of: B884 Structure (in narrative): B121, 133, 145, 155, 158, 228, 289, 379, 481, 624, 636, 1060, 1225, 1317, 1320, 1529 style indirect libre: B629, 710, 973, 1031 Subjectivity (in narrative): B1031, 1105–6 subjetivismo: Ah130 Sutured subject, theory of: B290–91 Symbolism, use of: B188, 195, 520 Synesthesia, use of: B575

Salinas, Jaime: B302, 794, 1097 Sancha [pseud.]: Aj32, 72; B375 Sanz y Forés, Benito (Cardinal): Ah116; B59, 76, 643, 818, 907; see also Camoirán, Fortunato ‘Los sapos de Vetusta’: B1648; see also Toad, motif of Satire, use of: B85, 300, 311–12, 354, 724, 1383; see also Irony, use of Science, motif of: B1073–74, 1300 Science fiction, motif of: Ah14; B1056, 1285 Sculpture, motif of: B1776 Sea, function of: B111 Self-reflexivity: see Metafictionality, use of señorito, theme of: B1000 Sensation, motif of: B537, 575, 856, 1465 Setting (in narration): B247, 257, 436, 821; see also Landscape, description of; and Space (in narrative) Sex, theme of: B16, 86, 1512; see also Sex, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo; Sexuality, theme of; and Spirit/flesh conflict, theme of Sexuality, theme of: B16, 114, 574, 1256, 1328–35, 1460, 1772, 1777; see also Gender, problems of; and Sex, theme of

Tambor y Gaita: B435 Teatro Campoamor: B233 Teresa de Jesús, Santa: B1794 Theatre, motif of: B350, 379, 495, 571, 800, 889, 1042, 1165 Time (in narrative): B9, 109, 127–28, 164–67, 195, 289, 481, 493, 542, 623, 831, 1031, 1105–6, 1192, 1519, 1778 Toad, motif of: B693, 1319, 1481; see also ‘Los sapos de Vetusta’ Tragedy, use of: B702 Train, theme of: B1764 Translation, problems of: B137, 1223, 1238; see also Translation,

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) conception of, under Alas, Leopoldo El Trasgo: B5

La Vida Literaria: B284 Vida Nueva: B284 viejo verde, topos of: B52 Vision, use of: see Specularity, use of (in narrative) La Voz de Galicia: B374 Voyeurism, role of: B288, 293

La Unión Católica: B298 Univ. de Oviedo: B15, 681, 765–66, 904 Utilitarianism, in education: Ab6; see also Education, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo

Weather, role of: B557 Women, role of: Ah105; B58, 93, 288, 293, 301, 601, 662, 711, 887, 890, 896–98, 1119, 1311, 1456, 1475, 1777, 1781, 1795; see also Feminism; Women, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo; and Women writers, views on, under Alas, Leopoldo Writer, theme of: B187, 212, 1063, 1099–1100, 1120, 1122, 1344, 1781, 1795

Valcárcel, Emma: B390; see also Su único hijo Valle, Evaristo: Aj73 Varius Rufus, Lucius: B1063, 1122; see also ‘Vario’ Vegallana, marquesa de: B1505; see also La Regenta Vetusta: B37, 111, 247, 263, 265–66, 268, 302, 321, 337, 436, 524, 602, 779, 844, 846, 883, 892–93, 904, 947, 1066, 1322–23, 1364, 1417, 1549; see also La Regenta viaje al Parnaso, use of: B1253 Vicente, Paulino [pseud.: ‘El Mozo’]: Aj74

‘Z’ (pseud. of LA?): Ag6; see also Pseudonyms, under Alas, Leopoldo

368

INDEX OF ALAS’S WORKS ‘¡Adeu, Cordera!’: See ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Valencian tr.) ‘Adeus, Cordeira!’: See ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘¡Adiaũ, Cordera!’: See ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Esperanto tr.) ‘Adieu, la Douce!’: See ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (French tr.) ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’, Aa2; Ad1–14, 17– 23, 25–26, 34, 38, 39, 50, 59–60; Ah1–10; Aj6, 16; B75, 208, 302, 452, 556, 619, 951, 974, 1013, 1176, 1434, 1439, 1638, 1764; see also ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Bable [Asturian] tr.); ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Catalan tr.); ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Esperanto tr.); ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (French tr.); ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Portuguese tr.); and ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Valencian tr.) ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Bable [Asturian] tr.), Ai1 ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Catalan tr.), Ai2 ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Esperanto tr.), Ai12 ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (French tr.), Ai18 ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 ‘¡Adiós, Cordera!’ (Valencian tr.), Ai34 ‘Adiós, Cordera! (Clarín)’ (film version), Aj6; B1081 ¡Adiós, Cordera!, Ad1–2; B1652 ¡Adiós, Cordera! Doña Berta, Ad3 ¡Adiós, Cordera! y lo demás son cuentos, Ad4 ¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros cuentos, Aa2; Ad5–12, 61; B74, 673, 1275, 1645 ¡Adiós, Cordera! y otros relatos, Ad13– 14

‘Afinidades electivas’, Ah64 ‘Alcalá Galiano’, B1205, 1552–53, 1556–58, 1629 ‘La aldea. El cacique’, Ah51 ‘Amor’ è furbo’, Ad8, 18, 34, 55; B1214 Apolo en Pafos, Ab1–2; Ah129; B229, 719, 915, 983, 1101, 1253, 1266, 1383, 1666 ‘Aprensiones’, Ad18, 34, 42, 51 Apuntes de clase de “Clarín”, Ab3; B271, 353, 517–18 Los artículos de Leopoldo Alas “Clarín” publicados en “Las Novedades”. Nueva York, 1894– 1897, Ab4; B1374, 1385 ‘Avecilla’, Ad7, 22, 36, 55; B12 ‘Bad Habits’: See ‘Para vicios’ (English tr.) ‘Benedictino’, Ad6–7, 18, 20, 31, 34, 49–51, 65; Ai29 Benito Pérez Galdós, B981 ‘Boroña’, Ad21–22, 30, 33, 45, 55; Ah 11–12; B61, 225, 415, 555, 610, 847, 1013, 1216; see also ‘Boroña’ (Czech tr.); ‘Boroña’ (English tr.); and ‘Boroña’ (French tr.) ‘Boroña’ (Czech tr.), Ai5 ‘Boroña’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Boroña’ (French tr.), Ai18 ‘Breaker’s Conversion’: See ‘La conversión de Chiripa’ (English tr.) ‘Breve noticia sobre la vida y obra de Carlyle’, Ag1; B1459 ‘Breves’, Ah65

369

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) ‘Un buen propósito. Una Liga Literaria Hispano-Portuguesa’, Ab15; Ah66–67; B1452 ‘Un buen propósito. Una Liga Literaria Hispano-Portuguesa’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai27 ‘The Burial of the Sardine’: See ‘El entierro de la sardina’ (English tr.) ‘Bustamante’, B430

Contes: See Cuentos (Valencian tr.) ‘Conto futuro’: See ‘Cuento futuro’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘La contribución’, Ab5; Ad25, 45 ‘La conversión de Chiripa’, Ad7, 9, 19– 20, 22, 30, 49, 65; B4, 452, 1577; see also ‘La conversión de Chiripa’ (English tr.) ‘La conversión de Chiripa’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Le coq de Socrate’: See ‘El gallo de Sócrates’ (French tr.) Le coq de Socrate et autres contes: See El gallo de Sócrates y otros cuentos (French tr.) ‘Córdoba’, Ah53; B1430, 1579 ‘Cornbread’: See ‘Boroña’ (English tr.) A Corregedora: See La Regenta (Portuguese tr.) ‘Corriente’, Ad45; Ah13; B724 ‘Las costas de Asturias’, Ah69; B485 ‘Cristales’, Ad26, 30, 34, 41, 51; see also ‘Cristales’ (English tr.) ‘Cristales’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘El Cristo de la Vega…de Ribadeo’, Ad18, 42 ‘La crítica mística’, Ab15 Crítica popular, B302 ‘Críticos a real y medio’, Ab15 ‘Cuento futuro’, Ad17–18, 23, 39, 50; Ah14; B289, 1056, 1285; see also ‘Cuento futuro’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘Cuento futuro’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 Cuentos, Ad18–26, 63–64; Ah122; B407, 451–53, 600, 775, 830, 1092, 1147, 1341, 1424; see also Cuentos (Italian tr.); and Cuentos (Valencian tr.) Cuentos/[Racconti] (Italian tr.), Ai37 Cuentos (Valencian tr.), Ai34; B669 Cuentos completos, Ad27; B1128 [Cuentos españoles] (Serbo-Croat tr.), Ai32 Cuentos morales, Aa3; Ad13, 28–30, 43, 48; B281, 539, 1359, 1395, 1441, 1445, 1499, 1605; see also Cuentos morales (English tr.)

‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’, Ad16, 51; B52; see also ‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’ (English tr.); and ‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’ (Esperanto tr.) ‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’ (Esperanto tr.), Ai14 El caballero de la mesa redonda y otros relatos, Ad16; B1646 ‘Cambio de luz’, Ad17–18, 22, 25–26, 39–40, 45, 49–51, 65; B64, 327, 1152, 1370, 1748; see also ‘Cambio de luz’ (English tr.); and ‘Cambio de luz’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘Cambio de luz’ (English tr.), Ai35 ‘Cambio de luz’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 ‘Un candidato’, Ad18 Cánovas y su tiempo, B984, 1569; see also Cánovas del Castillo, Antonio ‘Carne de crítico’, Ah52; Aj17 14 cuentos, Ad62 ‘El centauro’, Ad17–18, 22, 25–26, 39– 40, 45, 49–51; see also ‘El centauro’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘El centauro’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 El centauro, Ad17; B1034 ‘O Centauro’: See ‘El centauro’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘Change of Light’: See ‘Cambio de luz’ (English tr.) Clarín político, Ab5; B253 Clarín político I, B732, 1350, 1543, 1603 Clarín político II, B725, 736, 741 ‘Cold and the Pope’: See ‘El frío del Papa’ (English tr.) ‘Como gustéis’, Ah68; B746

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Index of Alas’s Work Cuentos morales (English tr.), Ai10; B1395 ‘Cuervo’, Aa3; Ac39; Ad8, 25, 37, 48, 54–55, 58; B12, 406, 582 ‘Cuervo’ [and other stories] (German tr.), Ai21 ‘Cuesta abajo’, Ad32; Ah15; B313, 584, 1151, 1466 Cuesta abajo y otros relatos inconclusos, Ad32; B1153–54 ‘La cuestión obrera en Gijón’, Ah70 ‘El cura de Vericueto’, Ad1, 21, 45; B12, 912, 1577; see also ‘El cura de Vericueto’ (English tr.) ‘El cura de Vericueto’ (English tr.), Ai10

Doce cuentos, Ad34; B1695 ‘Doctor Angelicus’, Ad18, 55; Ah18; B302 ‘El doctor Pértinax’, Ad18 ‘Doctor Sutilis’, Ad18, 20, 51, 55 Doctor Sutilis, B404 ‘Un documento’, Ad8, 26, 43, 45; B1117 ‘Don Patricio o el premio gordo en Melilla’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Don Patricio or the Grand Prize in Melilla’: See ‘Don Patricio o el premio gordo en Melilla’ (English tr.) ‘Don Urbano’, Ad41; Ai10 ‘Doña Berta’, Aa3; Ac39; Ad1, 8, 15, 23, 25, 35–40, 48–49, 54, 65–66; B12, 104, 289, 313, 355, 363, 395, 398, 656, 658, 780, 795–96, 802, 815, 982, 1013, 1017, 1168, 1194, 1210, 1229, 1361, 1470, 1474, 1745, 1759, 1763; see also ‘Doña Berta’ (English tr.); ‘Doña Berta’ (French tr.); and ‘Doña Berta’ (Italian tr.) ‘Doña Berta’ (English tr.), Ai35 ‘Doña Berta’ (French tr.), Ai19 ‘Doña Berta’ (Italian tr.), Ai38 Doña Berta, Aa3; Ad35, 48 Doña Berta (Italian tr.), Ai38 Doña Berta. Avecilla. Pipá, Ad36 Doña Berta. Cuervo. Superchería, Aa3; Ac39; Ad37, 48; B174, 176, 1017, 1089 Doña Berta y otro relato, Ad38; B1658 Doña Berta y otros relatos (Chinese tr.), Ai4 Doña Berta y otros cuentos, Ad39 Donna Berta: See Doña Berta (Italian tr.) ‘Las dos cajas’, Ad7, 13, 18, 40, 43, 55; Aj34; B12, 780–81, 815, 878, 1118, 1152; see also ‘Las dos cajas’ (English tr.) ‘Las dos cajas’ (English tr.), Ai35 Las dos cajas, Doña Berta y otros relatos, Ad40; B780 ‘Dos sabios’, Ad7, 18–20, 31, 42, 49, 51, 65; B452

‘A Day Laborer’: See ‘Un jornalero’ (English tr.) ‘De fuera’, Ab17; Ah71–73, 127; B1463 ‘De la comisión’, Ad18 ‘De la torre’, Ah62; B1430, 1579 ‘Del estilo en la novela’, Ab8; Ah75; B302 ‘Del naturalismo’, Ah87; B302, 585, 772, 1157 ‘La desheredada’, Ah74; B302; see also ‘La desheredada (Primera parte)’ (English tr.) ‘La desheredada (Primera parte)’ (English tr.), Ai7 ‘Le diable en Semaine Sainte’: See ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’ (French tr.) ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’, Ac13; Ad8, 25, 33–34, 45, 66; Ah16–17; B95, 302, 773; see also ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’ (French tr.) El diablo en Semana Santa, Ac13 ‘El diablo en Semana Santa’ (French tr.), Ai18 El diablo en Semana Santa y otros relatos, Ad33 ‘Diálogo edificante’, B1783 Un discurso, Ab6; B516–517, 789, 1662 ‘El discurso de la prerrogativa’, Ab15 Un discurso de Núñez de Arce: See Mis plagios ‘Doble vía’, Ad18, 55

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) ‘Dos sabios’ (English tr.), Ai35 ‘The Duet’: See ‘El dúo de la tos’ (English tr.) ‘El duo de la tos’: See ‘El dúo de la tos’ (Valencian tr.) ‘El dúo de la tos’, Ad9, 19–23, 25–26, 30, 34, 41, 45, 51; Ah19; B452, 656, 686, 1192, 1441; see also ‘El dúo de la tos’ (English tr.); ‘El dúo de la tos’ (Esperanto tr.); ‘El dúo de la tos’ (French tr.); and ‘El dúo de la tos’ (Valencian tr.) ‘El dúo de la tos’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘El dúo de la tos’ (Esperanto tr.), Ai13 ‘El dúo de la tos’ (French tr.), Ai18 ‘El dúo de la tos’ (Valencian tr.), Ai34 El dúo de la tos y otros relatos, Ad41; B1647 ‘La duopo de la tusoj’: See ‘El dúo de la tos’ (Esperanto tr.) ‘Le duo de la toux’: See ‘El dúo de la tos’ (French tr.)

‘La fantasía de un Delegado de Hacienda’, Ad18, 42 La fantasía de un delegado de Hacienda y otros cuentos, Ad42 ‘“Flirtation” legítima’, Ad16, 30; Ai10 Folletos literarios, Af26; B599, 1788 Four Spanish Short Stories from the Nineteenth Century, Ah47 ‘Fragmentos de un incendio’, Ah54; B1430, 1579 ‘El frío del Papa’, Ad13, 21, 30, 41, 51; see also ‘El frío del Papa’ (English tr.) ‘El frío del Papa’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Los futuros’, Ah77, 106 Galdós, novelista, Ab8; B1384 ‘El gallo de Sócrates’, Aa3; Ad13, 18, 20, 25–26, 34, 42, 45, 48, 51; Ah20–22; B1791; see also ‘El gallo de Sócrates’ (French tr.) ‘El gallo de Sócrates’ (French tr.), Ai18 El gallo de Sócrates, Aa3; Ad48; Aj26; B1177; see also El gallo de Sócrates y otros cuentos (French tr.) El gallo de Sócrates y otros cuentos (French tr.), Ai18; 734 ‘A genrocracia’: See ‘La yernocracia’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘The Golden Rose’: See ‘La rosa de oro’ (English tr.) ‘González Bribón’, Ad16; Ai10 ‘Un grabado’, Ad41; see also ‘Un grabado’ (English tr.) ‘Un grabado’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Gratis (Polilla literaria)’, Ab15 ‘La guitarra’, Ad22; Ah23; B619

‘En el tren’, Ad13, 18, 22, 42; B95 ‘En la droguería’, Ad18, 42 ‘En que, por fin, se presentan las verdaderas vírgenes locas, aunque tarde y con daño’, Ah123; see also Las vírgenes locas ‘The Engraving’: See ‘Un grabado’ (English tr.) Ensayos y revistas, Ab7; Ah129; B1083, 1454, 1515 ‘L’enterrement de la sardine’: See ‘El entierro de la sardina’ (French tr.) ‘El entierro de la sardina’, Ad7, 18–20, 23, 26, 40, 42, 45, 51; B452; see also ‘El entierro de la sardina’ (English tr.); and ‘El entierro de la sardina’ (French tr.) ‘El entierro de la sardina’ (English tr.), Ai35 ‘El entierro de la sardina’ (French tr.), Ai18 ‘España contemporánea de Rubén Darío’, Ah76 ‘Esperaindeo’: See ‘Speraindeo’

‘El hambre en Andalucía’, B590 His Only Son: See Su único hijo (English tr.) ‘A hispanofobia literária dos portugueses’: See ‘Un buen propósito. Una Liga Literaria Hispano-Portuguesa’ (Portuguese tr.)

372

Index of Alas’s Work A Hoax/Superchería: See ‘Superchería’ (English tr.) ‘Hombre al agua. Al Sr. D. Pedro A. Alarcón’, Ah55 ‘El hombre de los estrenos’, Ad23, 44 ‘The Imperfect Wife’: See ‘La imperfecta casada’ (English tr.) ‘La imperfecta casada’, Ad9, 20, 33, 41, 51, 60; B95; see also ‘La imperfecta casada’ (English tr.) ‘La imperfecta casada’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Instantáneas. Marineda’, Ah78

‘León Benavides’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Libertad perdida’, Ah56 ‘El libre examen y nuestra literatura presente’, Ah79–80; B302 ‘Un libro de González Serrano. Preocupaciones sociales. - Ensayos de psicología popular’, Ab15 La literatura en 1881, Ah129; B325, 423 ‘Literatura extranjera. Lira Íntima. Poesías portuguesas de Joaquín de Araujo’, Ab15 ‘Literatura portuguesa. Sonetos. - Por Anthero de Quental’, Ah81 ‘The Lord’: See ‘El Señor’ (English tr.) ‘Lucius Varius’: See ‘Vario’ (English tr.)

‘Jorge’, Ad25 ‘Um jornaleiro’: See ‘Un jornalero’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘Un jornalero’, Ad6, 13, 18, 22, 45, 50; B214; see also ‘Un jornalero’ (English tr.); ‘Un jornalero’ (French tr.); and ‘Un jornalero’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘Un jornalero’ (English tr.), Ai35 ‘Un jornalero’ (French tr.), Ai18 ‘Un jornalero’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 Juan Ruiz, Aa3; Ab9; B81, 440, 817, 1126–27 ‘Juanito Reseco’, Ac41; Ah24; B832

‘Mal humor (Artículo humorístico)’, Ah82 ‘Malos humores (diálogo y no platónico)’, Ah25; B404 ‘Manín de Pepa José’, Ad13, 22, 31, 49, 65; see also ‘Manín de Pepa José’ (Valencian tr.) ‘Manín de Pepa José’ (Valencian tr.), Ai34 ‘María Guerrero’, Ah83 ‘El mártir de la duda’, B1490 ‘Medalla . . . de perro chico’, Ad18 ‘Una medianía’, Ac35, 40–41, 49; Ad32; Ah26–28, 40; B80, 488, 567, 832, 1116 ‘La médica’, Ad18, 42; Ah29 Los mejores cuentos, Ad65 ‘A la memoria de Gonzalo Castañón’, Ah50; B1468 Mezclilla, Ab11; Af30; Ah129; B44, 168, 987, 1016, 1516 ‘¿¡Mi caricatura!?’, Aj30 ‘Mi entierro’, Ad8–9, 20, 23, 25–26, 34, 44–45; Ah30; B1524; see also ‘Mi entierro’ (French tr.) ‘Mi entierro’ (French tr.), Ai18 Mi entierro (Discurso de un loco). El hombre de los estrenos, Ad44 ‘Mi propósito’, Ah84, 117 ‘Mi propósito (Conclusión)’, Ah85 ‘La Millonaria’, Ae1; B572

‘La Kavaliro de la tablo ronda’: See ‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’ (Esperanto tr.) ‘Keen’: See ‘El Quin’ (English tr.) ‘Knight of the Round Table’: See ‘El caballero de la mesa redonda’ (English tr.) Kustnannsosakeyntio: See La Regenta (Finnish tr.) ‘Lecturas’, Ab17; Ah128 Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”. “Vario”… y varia: Clarín a través de cinco cuentos suyos, Ad43; B1113, 1117–18, 1120, 1122, 1130 Leopoldo Alas: teoría y crítica de la novela española, Ab10 ‘León Benavides’, Ad30, 41; see also ‘León Benavides’ (English tr.)

373

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) ‘Mis plagios’, Ah86, 129 Mis plagios. Un discurso de Núñez de Arce, Ah129; B985, 1264–65, 1576 ‘Mon enterrement’: See ‘Mi entierro’ (French tr.) The Moral Tales: See Cuentos morales (English tr.) ‘La mosca sabia’, Ad8, 18, 45, 55, 66; B92, 381, 412, 656; see also ‘La mosca sabia’ (Italian tr.) ‘La mosca sabia’ (Italian tr.), Ai39 La mosca saggia e altri racconti [‘La mosca sabia’ and other tales], Ai39 ‘Mr. Insula’: See ‘El señor Isla’ (English tr.) ‘Mudança da luz’: See ‘Cambio de luz’ (Portuguese tr.) Museum (Mi Revista), Ah129; B147, 599, 645, 1090

‘Ordalías’, Ai10; see also ‘Ordalías’ (Valencian tr.) ‘Ordalías’ (Valencian tr.), Ai34 ‘Ordalies’: See ‘Ordalías’ (Valencian tr.) ‘Origen del lenguaje’, B788 ‘El oso mayor’, Ad25; Ah34; B405 ‘Le pain jaune’: See ‘Boroña’ (French tr.) ‘Palique’, Ab5, 8, 15; Ah58, 88–96, Ah107–108; B91, 216, 248, 644, 1026, 1032, 1037, 1236, 1242, 1267, 1269, 1457, 1488, 1588, 1590, 1606, 1664, 1706 ‘Palique’ (musical composition), Aj15 Palique, Ah108, 129; B712 ‘Palique. Resumen: Fernanflor y el naturalismo - Pensamientos de Grandallana. - Ruiz Gómez en el arte’, Ab15 ‘Palique del palique’, B644 ‘Palomares’, Ad32 ‘Para alusiones’, B1448 ‘Para pensar un rato’, Ah97, 111 ‘Para vicios’, Ad26, 33; see also ‘Para vicios’ (English tr.) ‘Para vicios’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Un paraíso sin manzanas’, Ah124; B350, 482; see also Las vírgenes locas ‘El Parany’: See ‘Manín de Pepa José’ (Valencian tr.) Pasiunea Anei Ozores: See La Regenta (Romanian tr.) ‘Pastoral, breve, o encíclica, o como quieran ustedes llamarlo’, Ah98 ‘El pecado original’, Ad18, 42 ‘La perfecta casada’, Ad18, 23, 51; B95 ‘¡Piano! . . . Poeta (vamos al decir)’, Ah59 ‘Pipá’, Aa2–3; Ad7–8, 18, 20, 22, 25, 36, 46–48; Ah35–36; Aj35; B12, 96, 289, 430, 656, 702, 792, 823, 1099, 1115, 1188, 1214, 1696 Pipá, Aa2–3; Ad36, 46–48; B1696 ‘El poeta-búho’, Ad25 ‘Un poeta portugués. - A musa em férias por Guerra Junqueiro’, Ah99 ‘Pompas y vanidades’, B1087

Narraciones breves, Ad45; B726 ‘Noche Buena’, Ah57; B1467 ‘La noche-mala del diablo’, Ad51; Ah31; B95; see also ‘La nochemala del diablo’ (English tr.) ‘La noche-mala del diablo’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Notas de un enfermo’, Ab17; Ah130 'Notas para un libro (Moreno Nieto)', Ah24 Una novela y ocho cuentos, Ad36 Nueva campaña, Ab12; Ah129; B393, 666, 1084, 1226, 1270, 1517 ‘Numero uno’: See ‘El número uno’ (English tr.) ‘El número uno’, Ad30,33; Ah32–33; see also ‘El número uno’ (English tr.) ‘El número uno’ (English tr.), Ai10 Obra olvidada, Ah129 Obras completas, Aa3–4; Ac27; Ad26, 48; B409, 761, 791, 928–29, 1139, 1198–1200, 1290–91, 1631–32 Obras selectas, Aa1–2; Ac20, 41; Ad10, 47; B427, 791, 1218–19

374

Index of Alas’s Work ‘Post prandium. Cuento transcendental’, B590 Die Präsidentin: See La Regenta (German tr.) Preludios de “Clarín”, Ab13; B197, 392 ‘La prerrogativa’, Ah100 La Presidentessa: See La Regenta (Italian tr.) Presidentskan: See La Regenta (Swedish tr.) ‘The Priest of Vericueto’; See ‘El cura de Vericueto’ (English tr.) ‘El problema social’, Ah131; B1756 ‘Programa de derecho mercantil de España y de las principales naciones de Europa y de América’, Ah101 Prólogo (to Ariel), Ag4; B500; see also Rodó, José Enrique Prólogo (to Cuentos morales), Ad13, 26; Ah102–3; Ai10 Prólogo (to La cuestión palpitante), Ag3; B302, 585, 1157; see also Pardo Bazán, Emilia Prólogo (to Giraldillas), B1260; see also Catarineu, Ricardo J. Prólogo (to Goethe), B459, 500; see also González Serrano, Urbano Prólogo (to Los héroes), Ag1; B517, 1261, 1459, 1640; see also Carlyle, Thomas Prólogo (to La lucha por el derecho), Ag2; B517, 1068, 1494; see also Jhering, Rudolf von Prólogo (to Mi primera campaña), B500, 1261; see also Altamira [y Crevea], Rafael Prólogo (to Nana), Ag6; B1236; see also Zola, Émile Prólogo (to Resurrección), Ag5; see also Tolstoy, Leo Prólogo (to Tipos y bocetos de la inmigración asturiana), B61; see also González Velasco, Eduardo Prólogo (to Trabajo), Ag7; Aj3, 5; see also Zola, Émile Los prólogos de Leopoldo Alas, Ab14; Ah129

‘Proposiciones de la Universidad de Oviedo al Congreso Hispanoamericano’, Ah104; B79 ‘Protesto’, Ad6, 17–18, 39, 50; see also ‘Protesto’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘Protesto’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 ‘Psicología del sexo’, Ah105; B593 ‘Pulso la lira, y en las cuerdas de oro’, Ah60; B194 ‘Queen Margaret’: See ‘La Reina Margarita’ (English tr.) ‘El Quin’, Ad25, 30–31, 40, 45, 49, 65; B1638; see also ‘El Quin’ (English tr.) ‘El Quin’ (English tr.), Ai10 Der Rabe und andere Erzählungen: See ‘Cuervo’ [and other stories] (German tr.) [Racconti]: See Cuentos/[Racconti] (Italian tr.) Rafael Calvo y el Teatro Español, B986 ‘El Rana’, Ad18, 20–22; Ah37; B95, 381 ‘Reflejo’, Ad18, 42, 45, 51; B289 ‘La regeneración en España. Opinión de Don Leopoldo Alas Clarín’, Ah77, 106 La Regenta, Aa2–3; Ac1–32, 35, 40, 44–48; Ad32; Af11; Ah48–49, 125–26; Aj8, 20; B1, 3, 7–11, 13, 16–21, 23–24, 26–30, 32, 47–48, 55–58, 61, 65–66, 70–71, 76–78, 82, 86–89, 93, 98, 108–9, 111–14, 117, 120–21, 123–24, 127–29, 132–33, 138–41, 145–46, 149–52, 154–63, 165–67, 189, 195–96, 203–5, 211, 213, 217, 230, 233, 235, 237–38, 244, 246–47, 250, 254, 257, 263–68, 279, 285, 288, 290–93, 300, 302–4, 308–9, 311, 313, 318–20, 322–24, 326, 334, 336–38, 340–44, 354, 359, 362, 364, 373, 378–79, 382–83, 385, 387, 389–90, 396, 401, 408, 410– 11, 414, 416, 418–19, 421, 427, 431, 433, 435–36, 442–43, 445,

375

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) La Regenta (cont.) 449, 460, 462, 466, 470, 474–75, 479–81, 487, 489, 491–92, 495, 497, 503–4, 506–7, 514, 521, 525–27, 532–33, 542, 545, 547– 49, 553, 556–59, 568, 570–71, 574–77, 582–83, 586–87, 591–92, 601, 603–4, 610–11, 614, 616, 618, 620, 622–24, 626, 629, 632– 39, 643, 646, 649–51, 660–64, 671, 675–76, 677, 680, 682–84, 689, 693, 696–701, 704–6, 708– 11, 714–16, 718, 720, 722, 727, 729, 737–38, 742, 749, 752–56, 764, 768, 770, 773–74, 776–77, 779, 783–87, 793–94, 799–801, 810, 813, 821, 829, 831, 843–45, 847–48, 855–56, 858–59, 879–81, 883–85, 888–90, 893–94, 896–98, 904, 907, 913, 916, 919–20, 925– 928, 934–936, 943, 946, 950, 955–58, 969, 971, 973, 975, 978– 79, 988, 994, 996, 999–1001, 1005–9, 1014, 1021, 1025, 1028– 31, 1033, 1036, 1042, 1046–47, 1049, 1051, 1053–55, 1057, 1060–61, 1073–77, 1079, 1081, 1091, 1093, 1095, 1097–98, 1107, 1111, 1115, 1119, 1121, 1123–24, 1129, 1133, 1136, 1138, 1140–41, 1145, 1149, 1155–56, 1165, 1174–75, 1183, 1200, 1205, 1215–17, 1219–23, 1225, 1227, 1229, 1234–35, 1237, 1240, 1243–49, 1251–52, 1256–57, 1273, 1284, 1289–90, 1293, 1299–1300, 1310, 1312, 1314, 1316–23, 1326–35, 1338, 1342, 1344, 1346–47, 1349, 1352–55, 1365–68, 1378, 1382, 1387, 1394, 1397–1401, 1404–6, 1408, 1410– 11, 1413–14, 1416–17, 1421–23, 1431, 1435–37, 1442–43, 1456, 1460, 1475–76, 1479, 1481, 1485, 1489, 1493, 1495–96, 1498, 1500, 1502, 1505–8, 1511, 1514, 1518– 19, 1521, 1523, 1528–30, 1533– 35, 1546, 1550, 1572, 1574–75,

1593–94, 1599–1600, 1602, 1620–21, 1626, 1628, 1633–34, 1638, 1642–43, 1657, 1660, 1667–68, 1672, 1679–80, 1682– 83, 1702, 1707, 1710, 1712, 1714–20, 1722, 1725, 1729, 1739, 1743, 1746, 1753–55, 1760, 1762, 1765, 1772–78, 1781, 1784–86, 1789, 1793–95; see also La Regenta (Chinese tr.); La Regenta (Dutch tr.); La Regenta (English tr.); La Regenta (Finnish tr.); La Regenta (French tr.); La Regenta (German tr.); La Regenta (Greek tr.); La Regenta (Italian tr.); La Regenta (Japanese tr.); La Regenta (Norwegian tr.); La Regenta (Polish tr.); La Regenta (Portuguese tr.); La Regenta (Romanian tr.); La Regenta (Swedish tr.); La Regenta (film versions); La Regenta (graphic novel); La Regenta (play version); and La Regenta (television version) La Regenta (Chinese tr.), Ai3; B1289, 1723 La Regenta (Dutch tr.), Ai6 La Regenta (English tr.), Ai8; B29, 935, 1565–66, 1739 La Regenta (Finnish tr.), Ai15; B1289 La Regenta (French tr.), Ai16; B409, 721, 733, 886, 1086, 1202, 1418, 1632, 1639, 1655 La Regenta (German tr.), Ai20; B949 La Regenta (Greek tr.), Ai22 La Regenta (Italian tr.), Ai23 La Regenta (Japanese tr.), Ai24; B1289 La Regenta (Norwegian tr.), Ai25 La Regenta (Polish tr.), Ai26; B256–57, 1339 La Regenta (Portuguese tr.), Ai28; B437, 886, 1201, 1632 La Regenta (Romanian tr.), Ai30 La Regenta (Swedish tr.), Ai33; B438, 703, 931, 1289 La Regenta (film versions), Aj9–12; B348, 790, 937, 1325, 1721

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Index of Alas’s Work La Regenta (graphic novel), Aj78 La Regenta (play version), Aj14; B343– 44, 783, 1717 La Regenta (television version), Aj8, 11–12; B13, 331, 336, 682, 906, 937, 1491, 1681, 1714, 1726 La Regenta. El diablo en Semana Santa, Ac13 La Régente: See La Regenta (French tr.) Regentka: See La Regenta (Polish tr.) ‘La Reina Margarita’, Ad7, 16, 20–22, 30, 51; see also ‘La Reina Margarita’ (English tr.) ‘La Reina Margarita’ (English tr.), Ai10, 35 Relatos breves, Ad49; B1182, 1184 Relatos sueltos y narraciones incompletas, Aa3 ‘Un repatriado’, Ad18, 26, 45, 55; Ah38; B95, 381 ‘El repórter y el gondolero (palique)’, Ah107; B374 ‘Resumen. - El teatro. - Tentativas. Los cuatro elementos. - Autores (Galdós, Echegaray). - El público. - La crítica. - Los cómicos. Realidad y El hijo de Don Juan, como ensayos de renovación dramática’, Ah108 ‘Retour aux sources’: See ‘Viaje redondo’ (French tr.) Rettspresidentens Hustru: See La Regenta (Norwegian tr.) ‘Review of Part I of La desheredada’: See ‘La desheredada (Primera parte)’ (English tr.) ‘Revista del año cómico (1875 a 1876)’, Ah61; B1467 ‘Revista literaria’, Ah109–110; Aj18; B1267 ‘Revista literaria (marzo, 1892)’, Af31 ‘Revista literaria. Morsamor por Valera’, Ah111 ‘Revista mínima’, Ah76, 112–113; B1622 ‘El rey Baltasar’, Ad7, 18, 22–23, 26, 42 ‘Rivais’: See ‘Rivales’ (Portuguese tr.)

‘Rivales’, Ad17–18, 39, 43, 50–51, 66; B1120; see also ‘Rivales’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘Rivales’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 ‘Romano’, Ah39; B332 ‘A Ronca’: See ‘La Ronca’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘La Ronca’, Ad6, 18–19, 21, 25, 34, 43, 50–51; B289; see also ‘La Ronca’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘La Ronca’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 La Ronca (film version), Aj13 ‘La rosa de oro’, Ad7, 17–18, 45, 50; see also ‘La rosa de oro’ (English tr.); and ‘La rosa de oro’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘La rosa de oro’ (English tr.), Ai35 ‘La rosa de oro’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 ‘A rosa de ouro’: See ‘La rosa de oro’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘Round Trip’: See ‘Viaje redondo’ (English tr.) ‘San Juan de la Cruz y la Srta. Valencia’, Ah114 ‘Santa Bárbara’, Ah115 ‘Sanz y Forés’, Ah116 ‘Satanmas Eve’: See ‘La noche-mala del diablo’ (English tr.) ‘O Senhor’: See ‘El Señor’ (Portuguese tr.) O Senhor e o resto são histórias: See El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos (Portuguese tr.) ‘El Señor’, Aa3; Ad20, 22, 25, 39, 48, 50–52, 66; B12, 289, 656–57, 1345; see also ‘El Señor’ (English tr.); and ‘El Señor’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘El Señor’ (English tr.), Ai35 ‘El Señor’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 ‘El señor Isla’, Ad30; see also ‘El señor Isla’ (English tr.) ‘El señor Isla’ (English tr.), Ai10 El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos, Aa3; Ad48, 50–52, 66; B42, 673–74, 1345, 1450, 1663; see also El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos (Portuguese tr.)

377

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) El Señor y lo demás, son cuentos (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 Sermón perdido, Ah129; B286–87, 899, 1497, 1562, 1669, 1697 Siglo pasado, Ab5, 17; B302, 332, 1761, 1766 ‘Sinesio’, Ab17; Ah132 ‘Sinfonía de dos novelas’: See ‘Una medianía’ ‘Snob’, Ad30; B312; see also ‘Snob’ (English tr.) ‘Snob’ (English tr.), Ai10 Solos de Clarín, Ah129; B188, 420, 589, 641, 1563, 1699, 1747 ‘El sombrero del señor cura’, Ad18, 42, 55; Ah41–42 Son fils unique: See Su único hijo (French tr.) Spanjolske pripovijetke: See [Cuentos españoles] (Serbo-Croat tr.) ‘Speraindeo’, Ac35; Ad32; Ah43; B430, 1015 Su único hijo, Aa2–3; Ac33–43, 49; Ad32; Ah26–28, 40; B26, 61–62, 80, 102, 115, 118–19, 135, 144, 148, 195, 251, 288, 309, 314, 345, 408, 413, 465, 493, 520, 535–37, 546, 588, 614, 640, 642, 707, 713, 717–18, 728, 832, 849, 853, 888, 918, 933, 964–66, 970–72, 989, 1004, 1013, 1041, 1075, 1082, 1088, 1105–6, 1125, 1169, 1200, 1205, 1275, 1277, 1301–3, 1305, 1337, 1402, 1412, 1446, 1477, 1522, 1661, 1671, 1730–34, 1746, 1757, 1796; see also Su único hijo (English tr.); Su único hijo (French tr.); Su único hijo (Italian tr.); and Su único hijo (Romanian tr.) Su único hijo (English tr.), Ai9 Su único hijo (French tr.), Ai17 Su único hijo (Italian tr.), Ai36 Su único hijo (Romanian tr.), Ai31 Su único hijo. Doña Berta. Cuervo. Superchería, Ac39 ‘El substitut’: See ‘El sustituto’ (Valencian tr.)

‘The Substitute’: See ‘El sustituto’ (English tr.) Il suo unico figlio: See Su único hijo (Italian tr.) ‘Superchería’, Aa3; Ac39; Ad8, 25, 48, 53–56; Ah44; B12, 289, 367, 369, 430, 952, 1150, 1195; see also ‘Superchería’ (English tr.) ‘Superchería’ (English tr.), Ai11 Superchería, Ad53 Superchería. Cuervo. Doña Berta, Ad54 Superchería y otras narraciones, Ad55; B478 Superchería y otros relatos, Ad56 ‘El sustituto’, Ad7, 9, 19–23, 26, 30; B61, 95, 137, 381; see also ‘El sustituto’ (English tr.); and ‘El sustituto’ (Valencian tr.) ‘El sustituto’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘El sustituto’ (Valencian tr.), Ai34 ‘Tambor y gaita’, Ad32; B1069, 1482 [Tangna Bei’erta He Qita Gushi]: See “Doña Berta” y otros relatos (Chinese tr.) ‘La tara’, Ad16; Ai10; B1501 ‘Tarde y con daño’, Ah45; B374 ‘Teatros. Mi propósito’, Ah84, 117; B1375 Ten Tales, Ai35; B1758, 1767 ‘Teorías religiosas en la filosofía novísima’, B371, 1586 Teresa, Ae2; Af6; B2, 35, 43, 60, 201, 403, 426, 429, 447, 468–69, 473, 511, 529, 538, 572, 647, 691, 751, 854, 905, 942, 961, 990, 1038, 1040, 1149, 1159, 1162, 1174, 1205, 1250, 1294–97, 1303, 1360, 1426, 1428, 1531, 1561, 1585, 1665, 1735–38 Textos y con-textos de Clarín: Los artículos de Leopoldo Alas en “El Porvenir” (Madrid, 1882), Ab15 ‘Tirso de Molina’, Ad18, 42; B1177, 1764 ‘El Tors’: See ‘El Torso’ (Valencian tr.) ‘Torso’: See ‘El Torso’ (English tr.)

378

Index of Alas’s Work ‘El Torso’, Ad22, 30, 41; B312; see also ‘El Torso’ (English tr.); and ‘El Torso’ (Valencian tr.) ‘El Torso’ (English tr.), Ai10, 35 ‘El Torso’ (Valencian tr.), Ai34 ‘The Torso’: See ‘El Torso’ (English tr.) Trabajo (tr.), Aj1–5; B276, 769, 1072, 1238 ‘Tragedias de Juan Racine’, Ah118 ‘La trampa’, Ad13, 21–22, 30; B1638; see also ‘La trampa’ (English tr.) ‘La trampa’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Trap’: See ‘La trampa’ (English tr.) ‘Un travailleur’: See ‘Un jornalero’ (French tr.) Treinta relatos, Ad57 ‘The Two Boxes’: See ‘Las dos cajas’ (English tr.) ‘Two Scholars’: See ‘Dos sabios’ (English tr.)

‘Vejeces’, Ah63; Aj19 ‘Um velho verde’: See ‘Un viejo verde’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘La verdad suficiente’, B1432 ‘Versicultura Grilus vastatrix’, Ah121; B325 Un viaje a Madrid, Ab16; B1205, 1493, 1636 ‘Viaje redondo’, Ad13, 25, 45, 51; B188, 315, 1152; see also ‘Viaje redondo’ (English tr.); and ‘Viaje redondo’ (French tr.) ‘Viaje redondo’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Viaje redondo’ (French tr.), Ai18 ‘Un viejo verde’, Ad6–7, 9, 18, 34, 39, 50–51; B289; see also ‘Un viejo verde’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘Un viejo verde’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 ‘El viejo y la niña’, Ad13, 18, 51, 55; Ah46; B1191 Las vírgenes locas, Ad27, 32; Ah123– 24; B294, 350, 482, 584, 1286, 1427, 1752, 1780 ‘Un voto’, Ad18, 42, 45

Unicul sau fiu: See Su único hijo (Romanian tr.) ‘La Universidad de Oviedo. Discurso de Don Rafael Ureña’, Ah119; B194 ‘El utilitarismo en la educación’, Ab6

‘Windows’: See ‘Cristales’ (English tr.)

Vá de cuentos, Ad58 ‘Valera’, Ah120 ‘Vario’, Ad21, 25, 34, 41, 43, 45, 51; B1063, 1122; see also ‘Vario’ (English tr.); and ‘Vario’ (French tr.) ‘Vario’ (English tr.), Ai10 ‘Vario’ (French tr.), Ai18 ‘Varius’: See ‘Vario’ (French tr.)

‘La yernocracia’, Ad17–18, 39, 50; see also ‘La yernocracia’ (Portuguese tr.) ‘La yernocracia’ (Portuguese tr.), Ai29 ‘Zurita’, Ad18, 22, 45, 49, 55, 58, 65; B12, 289, 381, 412, 430, 656

379

INDEX OF LITERARY FIGURES Alarcón, Pedro Antonio de, Ah47, 122, 55; B94 Alas [Mínguez], Leopoldo, B1469 Alcalá Galiano, Antonio, B1205, 1552– 53, 1556–58, 1629 Aldecoa, Ignacio, B47 Álvarez Quintero, Joaquín & Serafín, Ah3; B1094 Araujo, Joaquín de, Ab15; B67 Ayala, Francisco, B32, 1251 Aza, Vital, B1752 Azorín [pseud.]: See Martínez Ruiz, José

Carlyle, Thomas, Ab14; Ag1; B517, 1261, 1459, 1640 Castelar, Emilio, B67, 541, 1261 Catarineu, Ricardo J., B1260 Cervantes y Saavedra, Miguel de, Af30; B47, 55, 57, 94, 123, 258, 637, 1244, 1321, 1405, 1746, 1785 Chateaubriand, René de, B1257 Choderlos de Laclos, Pierre Ambroise François, B410 Chopin, Kate, B1400 Coetzee, J.M., B88 Coloma, Luis, B1254, 1508 Cruz, San Juan de la, Ah114 Cruz, Juana Inés de la, B1095 Cuenca, Luis Alberto de, Ah39; B332 Cuesta, Teodoro, B486 Custodio, Álvaro, Aj14; B342–44, 783, 1091, 1149, 1717

Balart, Federico, B866 Balzac, Honoré de, B1463 Barnes, Julian, B1566 Baroja, Pío, Ad26 Baudelaire, Charles, B188, 648 Benavente, Jacinto, B366 Beyle, Henri: See Stendhal [pseud.] Blasco Ibáñez, Vicente, Aj2; B386 Böhl de Faber, Cecilia: See Fernán Caballero [pseud.] Bourget, Paul, B964, 971, 1516 Brañas, Alfredo, B375 Buero Vallejo, Antonio, B794

Darío, Rubén, Ah76; B346, 363–64, 753, 778, 896 Delgado, Sinesio, Af3; B199, 206, 349, 1574–78 Díaz-Pérez, Viriato, Af4, 25; B358 Dicenta, Joaquín, B511, 561, 797, 1269 Dorfman, Ariel, B88 Dumas, Alexandre (fils), B1311 Dupin, Lucile-Aurore: See Sand, George [pseud.]

Cadalso, José, B1715 Calderón, Alfredo, Ah110; B239 Calderón de la Barca, Pedro, B324, 1555 Campoamor, Ramón de, Af2; Ah129; B187, 232, 476, 487, 783, 912, 1447 Cánovas del Castillo, Antonio, B184, 551, 565, 861, 871, 969, 984, 1569, 1701

Echegaray, José, Ah108; B456, 655, 875 Eliot, George [pseud.], B1777 Espronceda, José de, B855 Evans, Mary Ann: See Eliot, George [pseud.]

381

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Faulkner, William, B88 Fernán Caballero [pseud.], Ah47 Fernanflor [pseud.]: See Fernández Flórez, Isidoro Fernández Flórez, Isidoro [pseud.: Fernanflor], Ab15; Ad22; B96, 180, 422 Fernández Grilo, Antonio, Ah121; B325 Ferrari, Emilio, B826, 842 Feuillet, Octave, B1316 Flaubert, Gustave, Ah127; B93, 102, 120, 373, 465, 528, 650, 715, 776, 887, 925, 940, 949, 956, 1075–77, 1105, 1110, 1168, 1245, 1273, 1347, 1406, 1413–15, 1477, 1777–78; see also bovarysme Fontane, Theodor, B93, 255, 908, 1165

Lewis, C.S., B633 Lewis, Sinclair, B465 Llanas Aguilaniedo, José María, Ah110; B215, 240–41, 749 López Bago, Eduardo, B417 Machado, Antonio, B688, 730 Maeztu, Ramiro de, Ah93; B579, 797, 1539 Margueritte, Paul, B964 Marsillach, Joaquín, Ad13, 43; B760, 1118 Martínez Ruiz, José [pseud.: Azorín], Af9–10; Aj35; B46, 366–67, 388, 484, 523, 561, 579, 687–88, 781, 860, 866, 868, 874, 1020, 1131, 1142–44, 1177–78, 1205–6, 1388, 1586 Maupassant, Guy de, Ad15; B534–35, 537, 1441 Medio, Dolores, B892–94, 1217 Melville, Herman, Ad15 Méndez-Leite, Fernando, Aj11–12; B331, 696, 906, 937, 1007, 1491 Mérimée, Prosper, B898 Mesonero Romanos, Ramón de, B476 Michelet, Jules, B742 Miró, Gabriel, B779, 781 Moratín, Leandro Fernández de, B323

Gallegos, Rómulo, B946 Ganivet, Ángel, B494, 1019 García Domínguez, Elías, Aj8 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, B459, 500, 707, 818, 1010, 1751 Gómez Martínez, Pedro, Aj6 Goncourt, Edmond & Jules de, B1234, 1237 Goytisolo, José Agustín, B602 Goytisolo, Juan, B526, 603–4 Gracián, Baltasar, B280 Grilo, Antonio: See Fernández Grilo, Antonio Guerra Junqueiro, Manuel Abilio, Ah99

Navarro Gonzalvo, Eduardo, B895, 945 Noel, Eugenio, Ad31; B1018 Novo y Colson, Pedro, B422 Núñez de Arce, Gaspar, Ah129; B1264, 1447, 1576

Hardy, Thomas, B465 Hernández, Alipio, Aj8 Homer, B1305 Hugo, Victor, Ah128; B1078

Ochoa [Betancourt], Juan, B441, 960– 61, 1037, 1187, 1428 Oller, Narcís, B192, 943, 1036 Orejas, Francisco G., B994, 1469 Ortega [y] Munilla, José, B508, 758, 997–98, 1752, 1764

Isaacs, Jorge, B946 James, Henry, B632 Jean Paul [pseud.], B188, 1383 Jove, José María, B1217 Jovellanos, Gaspar Melchor de, B580, 609, 762

Palacio, Manuel del, B38, 206, 349, 388, 1011 Palacio Valdés, Armando, Af14; B50, 116, 146, 423, 580, 594, 892,

La Fayette, Madame de, B421 Larra, Mariano José de, Aj6; B724

382

Index of Literary Figures 1012, 1078, 1254, 1311, 1362, 1457, 1595 Palma, Ricardo, B1178 Pardo Bazán, Emilia, Ad26; Af14; Ag3; Ah47, 78; Aj18; B22, 104, 136, 147, 212, 216, 305, 345, 347, 386, 458, 476, 483, 492, 544, 554, 585, 601, 645, 652, 655, 801, 804, 910, 1016, 1213, 1242, 1254–55, 1338, 1420, 1448, 1465, 1764, 1769 Pereda, José María de, Ah122; B94, 192, 281, 412, 489, 946, 1203, 1764 Pérez de Ayala, Ramón, Ac39; Ad31; Aj35, 43, 67; B233, 413, 444, 501, 508, 516, 579, 755, 781–82, 892, 1018, 1041–42 Pérez Galdós, Benito, Ab8; Ac3, 13, 27; Af16; Ah108, 122; Ai7; B19, 58, 66, 77, 99, 102, 115, 145, 153, 192, 258, 275, 302, 345, 416, 439, 456, 469, 477, 480, 483, 491, 520, 531–32, 601, 630, 655, 668, 676, 683, 687, 694–95, 755, 757–59, 777, 801, 890, 909–12, 914, 962, 969, 979, 981, 999–1000, 1035, 1047, 1110, 1141, 1164, 1168, 1170, 1186, 1203, 1245, 1254, 1301, 1303, 1311, 1314, 1371, 1373, 1377, 1384, 1390–91, 1474, 1487, 1531, 1748–49, 1763–64, 1768 Picón, Jacinto Octavio, Af17; B148, 281, 294, 302, 439, 843, 1053, 1454, 1474 Proust, Marcel, Ad32; B1151, 1779

Rodó, José Enrique, Ag4; Ah90; B274, 500, 510, 1166–67, 1376 Rojas, Fernando de, B57 Rostand, Edmond, Ah127; B1287 Rueda [y Santos], Salvador, Af21, 28; B471, 857 Sade, Donatien Alphonse François, comte de, B1075 Salaverría, José María, Ad31; B1018 Sand, George [pseud.], B896 Sartre, Jean-Paul, B189 Segovia Rocaberti, Enrique, B294 Sellés, Eugenio, B366, 647, 1012 Sender, Ramón, B1286 Shakespeare, William, B1170 Sienkiewicz, Henryk, B1463 Staël, Anne Louise-Germaine Necker, Mme de, B406 Stendhal [pseud.], B465, 868, 1327 Suárez Bravo, Ceferino, B839, 842 Tamayo y Baus, Manuel, B422 Teresa de Jesús, Santa, B723, 1234, 1257 Tolstoy, Leo, Ag5; Ag65; B735 Tovar, Antón, B1176 Tuero, Tomás [Fernández], B594, 625, 758, 1078, 1432 Umbral, Francisco, B322 Unamuno, Miguel de, B53, 100, 146, 251, 258, 274, 373, 432, 494, 525, 579, 687–88, 730, 746, 755, 781– 82, 1309, 1381, 1440 Valencia, Carolina, Ah114 Valera, Juan, Af14; Ah95, 111, 120, 122; B94, 117, 125, 209, 281, 358, 544, 652, 995, 1311, 1372, 1389 Valle-Inclán, Ramón del, Ah91–92; B87, 667, 878 Vargas Llosa, Mario, B1485, 1743 Velarde, José, B1490 Verlaine, Paul, Ah127 Villaviciosa, José de, B92, 592

Quental, Antero de, Ah81; B351, 750 Queirós, Eça de, B542, 755, 926, 957, 1165, 1463, 1782 Quevedo, José, Ad22 Racine, Jean, Ah118; B1419 Ramos Carrión, Miguel, Af19; B1148 Renan, Ernest, Ah128; B579, 1048, 1783 Richter, Johann Paul Friedrich: See Jean Paul [pseud.] Riera, Carme, B1135–36, 1795 Rod, Édouard, B964–65

Wiseman, Nicholas, B1257, 1471

383

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Zola, Émile, Ag6–7; Ah88, 127–28; Aj1–5; B104, 275–76, 401, 616, 684, 769–70, 772, 914, 951, 1072, 1175, 1208, 1236, 1238, 1241, 1387, 1503, 1507, 1764, 1770–71

Zorrilla [y Moral], José, Af24; B39, 237, 476, 495, 499, 533, 637, 799–800, 855, 889, 1042, 1188, 1749, 1793

384

INDEX OF SCHOLARS AND CRITICS Acebal, José María, Ab3; B271 Adler, Alfred, B977 Aguiar, Elsa, Ad2 Alarcos Llorach, Emilio, B31, 133, 244, 1061, 1397, 1560, 1592 Albornoz, Álvaro, B516 Alfani, Maria Rosaria, Ai38; B1745–46 Alfonso, Luis, B388, 758 Alonso y Orera, M., Af27, 30 Alperi, Víctor, Ac8.1 Altamira [y Crevea], Rafael, Ad22; Af1; B51, 79, 193, 500, 516, 1080, 1094, 1261, 1380 Álvarez Buylla, Adolfo, Af8; Ah104; B566, 765, 902, 1595 Álvarez-Buylla, José Benito, B903, 1348, 1648 Alonso Megido, Genaro, Ai1 Amaniel [pseud.]: See Urrecha, Federico Amine, Patrick, Ai16.1 Amor y Vásquez, José, B1123 Amorós, Andrés, B302, 764 Andrenio [pseud.]: See Gómez de Baquero, Eduardo Antolín, Enriqueta, Ad57.1 Antonio Domínguez, Valentina de, B163.1 Aramburu, Félix de, Ah104; B1080 Aramís [pseud.]: See Bonafoux [y Quintero], Luis Arce, Evaristo, Af5.1 Arese, G., Ai36 Arias, Miguel Ángel, Ad7 Armiño, Mauro, B408 Arpe, C. José de, B1573 Asins, Joan Carles, Ai34 Aspiroz, Sr., B1397

Asún, Raquel, Ab9.1 Avello [pseud.]: See Fernández Rodríguez-Avello, Manuel Avello, Manuel: See Fernández Rodríguez-Avello, Manuel Ávila Arellano, Julián, B911, 1186 Azaña, Manuel, B1019 Babín, María Teresa, B277 Bacarisse, Salvador, B301.1 Badia i Margarit, Antonio María, B1560 Bailey, Paul, Ai8.1; B1565 Bakhtin, Mikhail, B88, 359, 636, 1029, 1073, 1382–83, 1782 Baquero Escudero, Ana L., Ac8; B96, 362 Baquero Goyanes, Mariano, Ac8; Ad23; B47, 55, 238, 361–62, 858, 879, 1015, 1033, 1421, 1620 Barbieri, Marie E., B975.1 Barcia [Trelles], Augusto F., B516 Barrio Alonso, Ángeles, B921 Barthes, Roland, B785 Bauer, Beth Wietelmann, Ab2.1; B1473.1 Bauer, Roger, B787 Bayley, John, Ai8.1 Bédé, Jean-Albert, B627 Bell-Villada, Gene H., B683 Bellmunt y Traver, Octavio, Ah12 Belot, Albert, Ai16 Benezech, Jean-Louis, B712 Bensoussan, Albert, Ai16.2, 18.1 Bergson, Henri, B1370 Bernard, Claude, B1300 Beser, Sergio, Ac13; B34, 382 Bianchini, Andreina, B896

385

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Blanco García, Francisco, Aj18; B544, 932, 1532 Blanquat, Josette, Af5 Blasco Pascual, Javier, B495 Bleiberg, Germán, B1461 Blesa, Túa, B711 Bleton, Claude, Ai16–17 Bleton, Isabelle, Ad44 Bloom, Harold, B650 Bly, Peter, Ac40.1; Ai8.2; B914.1, 1340.1 Bobadilla, Emilio [pseud.: Fray Candil], B147, 272, 835, 876, 1163, 1698 Bobes Naves, María del Carmen, B127 Bonafoux [y Quintero], Luis [pseud.: Aramís], B69, 89, 96, 170-86, 272, 277, 514, 540, 543, 565, 680, 836, 842–43, 948, 1131, 1265, 1268, 1273, 1304 Bonet, Laureano, B31, 33, 383.1, 739, 841.1, 1198–99, 1340.2, 1494 Booth, Wayne, B727 Bortolussi, Marisa, B163.2 Bosse, Monika, Ai21 Botrel, Jean-François, Ab10.1, 13; Ad57.2; Af5; Ai16, 18; B31, 33, 213, 245, 392, 1198–99, 1340.3, 1755 Bou, Enric, B1782 Boudreau, H[arold] L., B702 Bourdieu, Pierre, B1100 Brenan, Gerald, B1712 Brent, Albert, B1413 Brey, Gérard, Ai16.3 Broto Salanova, Justo, B749 Brown, G.G., B613.1 Brownlow, Jeanne P., B136, 546 Bueno Martínez, Gustavo, B1397 Busto, Marino, B303 Buylla, Adolfo A.: See Álvarez Buylla, Adolfo Buylla y G. Alegre, Adolfo: See Álvarez Buylla, Adolfo Buylla y Godino, José, B516, 1473.2 Bynum, Brant, B1473.2

Cabezas, Juan Antonio, Aa1; B246, 303.1, 879, 1571, 1741 Cabo Asequinolaza, Fernando, B1764 Cacho, María Teresa, B711 Caistor, Nick, Ai7 Caminals-Heath, Roser, Ai8.3 Campal, José Luis, B739 Campos Cervera, Luis Aurelio, B358 Canavaggio, J., B1238 Candamo, Bernardo G. de, B1002 Candil, Fray [pseud.]: See Bobadilla, Emilio Canella y Secades, Fermín, Ah12, 104 Cano, José Luis, B170 Canto Nieto, José Ramón del, Ac38 Carandell, Luis, Ab5.1 Carbonell, Marta Cristina, B381, 835, 964, 1124, 1353, 1412, 1469 Cardona, Francesc-Lluis, Ac21 Cardona, Rodolfo, Ai8.4 Carlos Hierro, A[lfredo] de, B1236 Carlson, Janina, Ai26 Carnero, Guillermo, B1759 Caro, M.A., Aj18 Carter, Boyd G., B644 Carter, Mary Eileen, B644 Castañón, Gonzalo, Ah50; B1468 Castañón, José Manuel, Ab3 Castilla del Pino, Carlos, B925 Catelli, N., B1225.1 Caudet, Francisco, Aj5; B477 Cavia, Mariano de, Af14 Cerdan, Francis, B742 Certeau, Michel de, B545 Chamberlin, Vernon A., B890.1 Charaudean, Patrick, B712 Charnon-Deutsch, Lou, B386.1, 662, 1320.1, 1329.1, 1330, 1337, 1473.4 Chevrel, Yves, B771 Ciplijauskaité, Biruté, B908.1 Clarke, Anthony, B289.1 Clavería, Carlos, B956 Cohen, Bernard, Ai16.6 Colaço Barreiros, José, Ai29 Coletes Blanco, Agustín, B1224 Collins, Marsha S., B288.1 Colmeiro, José, B692

C.J., Ai16.4 Caballero, Francisco de A., B1010 Caballero, Oscar, Ai16.5

386

Index of Scholars and Critics Colón, Isabel, Ac35.1 Condé, L[isa] P., B698 Corzuelo, Andrés, B720 Crispin, John, B393 Cueto [Alas], Juan, Ac32; B32, 238, 308, 569, 1251, 1620–21 Cunchillos Jaime, Carmelo, B311 Cunningham, Valentine, Ai8.5

Españolito [pseud.]: See Suárez, Constantino Estevan, José María, Af26 Estévanez, Maximino, B516 Ezama, Ángeles, Ad25 Fe, Fernando, Af5; B1730 Fedorchek, Robert M., Ai35; B957, 1758 Fernández, James D., B1320.4 Fernández, Sergio, B975.2 Fernández Insuela, Antonio, Ab2.2; Ad22.1; B303.2, 1386.1, 1429.2 Fernández Jiménez, Juan, B1499 Fernández Lasanta, Manuel, Af5 Fernández Rodríguez-Avello, Manuel, B246, 436, 828, 1187, 1397, 1432 Fernández Urtasun, Rosa, B1768 Ferraz Martínez, Antonio, Ad19; B631.1 Ferrer Solà, Jesús, B386.2 Ferrús, Wilson, Ai34 Fiore, Robert L., B1460.1 Fleury, Claude, Ai16.7 Flor, José Luis R. de la, Ah58 Flores García, Francisco, B563 Fogel, Jean-François, Ai16.8 Fokkema, Douwe, B787 Forbes, F. William, B601 Foster, David William, Ah9 Foucault, Michel, B416, 848 Fraile Miguélez, Juan, B842 Franz, Thomas R., B631.2, 1225.2, 1320.5 Fray Candil [pseud.]: See Bobadilla, Emilio Freire, Ana María: See Freire López, Ana María Freire López, Ana María, Af14; B837 Freud, Sigmund, B799, 975, 977, 1423 Friedman, E.H., Ai10.1, 11.1 Friera, Ataúlfo [pseud.: Tarfe], Af6 Fries, F[ritz] R[udolf], Ai20 Fröhlicher, Peter, B1185 Fuente Ballesteros, Ricardo de la, B495 Fuente Martín, Lilliam de la, Ad55 Fuentes, Víctor, Ac47

Darbord, B., B1238 De Lauretis, Teresa, B290 Dendle, Brian, Ad50.1; B116, 1012 Dengler Gassin, Roberto, B769 Derrida, Jacques, B1442 Diago, Manuel, Ac9 Díaz, Elías, Ab3 Díaz Cosau, Pedro, B1315 Díaz de Escovar, Narciso, Ah56 Díaz-Diocaretz, Myriam, B196 Díaz Larios, Luis F., B203, 1748–49, 1789 Díaz Ordóñez, Víctor, B517 Díaz Orviz, Raquel, B739 Díaz-Pérez, Rodrigo, Af4; B358 Díaz-Plaja, Fernando, B1003 Diego, Fernando de, Ai12–14 Díez Borque, José María, Ab13.1 Díez de Revenga, Francisco Javier, Ac8.2–3; Ad50.2 Díez-Picazo, Luis, Ag2; B1068 Dodge, Meredith D., B1438 Dolgin, Stacey L., B1320.2 Domínguez, Eleonor, Ad15 Donahue, Darcy, B1320.3 Donaire, María Luisa, B1072 Doumic, René, Ah127 Dupláa, Christina, B692 Durand, Frank, B31, 133 Eberenz, Rolf, Ac35.2; B1429.1 Edgerton, William B., B627 Eguiagaray-Malgor, Benito, B594, 1078 Eliade, Mircea, B480 Elizalde, Ignacio, B716, 1340.4 Elorza, Antonio, Ab13.1 Entenza de Solare, Beatriz, Ac5.1 Eoff, Sherman H., B956

Gabriele, John P., B688, 896 Gallego Morell, Antonio, Ag4

387

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Gamallo Fierros, Dionisio, B152, 667, 1397, 1430, 1559, 1769 García, Marina, Ac3 García Álvarez, María Teresa Cristina, B957 García de la Concha, Víctor, B130, 824, 970, 1112, 1352 García Delgado, José Luis, B214 García Linares, B794 García Lorca, Laura de los Ríos, B605 García Martín, José Luis, Ab17 García Mercadal, José, Ah21; B1042 García-Posada, Miguel, Ad32.1 García Rey, M., B1161 García Ruíz, Víctor, B1768 García-San Miguel, Luis, Ab3; B677 García Sánchez, Justo, B227 García Sarriá, Francisco, Ab2.3; Ad57.3; Af5.2; B163.3, 1225.3, 1228.1, 1290 García Tortosa, Francisco, B1301 García Venero, Maximiano, Af12 Garrido Gallardo, Miguel Ángel, B160 Gateau, Jean-Charles, Ai16.9 Gener, Pompeyo, B1278 Genette, Gérard, B809 Gil González, Gonzalo, Ac9.1 Gill, Mary McVey, Ah33 Gilman, Stephen, B755, 914 Giménez, Antonio, B683 Giner de los Ríos, Francisco, Af7–8; B274, 353, 567, 659, 1080, 1383, 1394, 1526, 1559 Girard, Réné, B754, 799 Girón, Socorro, B172 Goffman, Erving, B1029 Goldman, Peter B., B631.3, 740.1 Gómez, José Luis, Ac13 Gómez, Ulpiano, Ad22; B516 Gómez de Baquero, Eduardo [pseud.:Andrenio], B1002, 1043 Gómez Santos, Marino, B246, 1741 Gómez-Tabanera, J.M., B1549 González-del-Valle, Luis T., B702 González Herrán, José Manuel, Ag3; B304.1, 1088, 1410.1, 1465 González Rubín, Pío, B1078

González Serrano, Urbano, Ab15; B459, 500, 685, 1386, 1388 González Velasco, Eduardo, B61 Gonzalo, Gerardo, Ad26 Graat, Michail de, B787 Gracia Noriega, José [Ignacio], B186.1, 841.2 Graf, Marga, B908.2 Greene, Patricia, B692 Greimas, Algirdas Julien, B289, 784 Grossi Fernández, Rodrigo, Aj14 Gullón, Agnes M[oncy], Ai8.6 Gullón, Germán, Ac4.1; Af16; B1320.6, 1355, 1473.3 Gullón, Ricardo, Ac2; B628 Günter, Georges, B1185 Gutiérrez Girardot, Rafael, B134.1 Hamon, Philippe, B577 Hart, S[tephen] M., B698 Hartmann, Egon, Ai20 Hatzfeld, Helmut, B956 Haverbeck Ojeda, Erwin, B163.4 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, B1372, 1389 Heinrich, Dieter, B638 Hemingway, Maurice, Ai8.7; B289.2, 383.2, 1465, 1472.1 Henderson, D.C., Jr., B1429.3 Henn, David, B914.2, 1320.7 Henrich, Dieter, B638 Heras, Dionisio de las, B842 Hernández Alfonso, Josefa, B1433 Herrero Aísa, María del Carmen, Ah126 Herzberger, David, B1768 Heymann, Jochen, B1781 Higashitani, Hidehito, Ai24 Hjelmslev, Louis, B1757 Holtus, Günter, B161 Hormigón, Juan Antonio, Ah91 Horney, Karen, B977 Horno Liria, Luis, B920 Huguet, Jesús, Ai34 Hungate, Christa I., B1504 Ibáñez Campos, José, Ac21 Ibáñez Soler, Federico, Ai4 Iglesia, Rosario de la, Ad8, 51

388

Index of Scholars and Critics Iglesias, Mercedes, Ah30 Ihrie, Maureen, B1461 Iranzo, Carmen, B604, 716.1 Irigaray, Luce, B698 Iser, Wolfgang, B638 Izquierdo, Pascual, Ad4 Izquierdo Rojo, José María, B1740

Larose, Henri, B1238.1 Larsen, Kevin S., B975.3 Las Heras, Fernando, B1381 Laurenti, Joseph L., B162 Lavater, Johann Kaspar, B458 Lázaro, José, B1255 Le Bigot, Claude, B1429.5 Legrand du Saulle, Henri, B1237 Lentzen, Manfred, B914.4 Lepape, Pierre, Ai16.3; B1639 Lissorgues, Yvan, Ab5; Ad45; Ai16, 18; B26, 191, 213, 253, 275.1, 410, 519, 700, 1198–99, 1202, 1228.2, 1350, 1355, 1751, 1755, 1790 Llorente Maldonado de Guevara, Antonio, B1482.1 Longares, Manuel, Ab5.2 López, Ignacio Javier, B1759 López, Silvia L., B1031 López [-Barxas], Francisco, Ab9.2, 11.1; Ad57.4; Ai16.14; B328.1, 1228.3, 1410.2, 1472.2 López Pujal, A., Ah47 López Serrano, Ricardo, Ad23 Lorente, Antonio, B837 Lorenzo-Rivero, Luis, B393 Lozano, Miguel Ángel: See Lozano Marco, Miguel Ángel Lozano Marco, Miguel Ángel, Ab12.1; Ad40; B841.3, 1387 Luizet, M., Ai19

J.-L.J., Ai16.10 J.M., Ab7.1 Jaén Andrés, Victoria, B1473.4 Jammes, Robert, Ai16; B700 Jhering, Rudolf von, Ag2; B517, 659, 1068 Jiménez, Lourdes, B1776 Johnson, Harvey L., Ai9.1 Jones, Julie, Ai9 Juderías, Alfredo, B806–8 Junquera, Mercedes, B1429.4 Karoubi, Line, Ai16.11 Kemp, Peter, Ai8.8 Kern, Robert W., B1438 Kienzle, Beverly Mayne, Ah10 Kirby, Harry L., Jr., B776 Kirk, Clara Marburg, B668 Kirk, Rudolf, B668 Klein, Richard B., Ab15.1; Ai8.9; B891.1 Kossoff, A. David, B1123 Kossoff, Ruth H., B1123 Krause, Karl, B576, 659, 766 Kristeva, Julia, B114 Kronik, John W., Ai35; B136, 163.5, 383.3, 546, 914.3

McBride, Charles A., B289.3 McRobbie, Angela, Ai8.10 M.B., Ab8.1 Maestro, Jesús G., B163.6 Magill, Frank N., B547 Mainer, José-Carlos, Ah55 Máinez, Ramón León, B842–43, 845 Mandrell, James, B163.7 Manzanares, Joaquín, B269 March, Kathleen N., B582 Marcos Vallaure, Alberto, B1251, 1680 Marcus, Roxanne B., B1320.9 Marey, Juan, Ai16.15 Mariscal, Nicasio, B262 Martín, Nemesio, Ad40

Labanyi, Jo, Ai7; B683, 1320.8, 1330, 1337 Labrador Herraiz, José J., B1499 Lacan, Jacques, B114, 294, 799 Lafarga, Francisco, B411, 537, 965, 1072, 1415 Lafarge, Michel, Ai16.12 Laffitte, G., B956 Laguerre, Enrique A., Ah6 Landelius, Peter, Ai33; B931 Lapesa, Rafael, Aj14 Lara y Pedrajas, Antonio [pseud.: Orlando], B843

389

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) Martín Fernández, Mariano [pseud.: Martinete], B842 Martín Galí, Emilio, B842 Martín-Gamero, Sofía, Ab9 Martinete [pseud.]: See Martín Fernández, Mariano Martínez, Jesús Manuel, B1304 Martínez Cachero, José María, Ac25, 41; Ad22, 24, 62, 64; Ah36, 114; Aj14; B31, 51, 69, 186, 190, 238, 242, 266, 302, 334, 382, 436, 477, 516, 570, 608, 612, 676, 682, 816, 879, 948, 1092, 1147, 1149, 1198–1200, 1397, 1427, 1429.6, 1472.3, 1620, 1648, 1679 Martínez Martínez, M.G., Af21 Martínez San Martín, Ángel, B163.8 Martínez Vigil, Ramón, Af11; B273, 1593 Marx, Karl, B1543, 1601 Masip, Antonio, B1252, 1550, 1680–81 Mateos Paramio, Alfredo, B495 Matzat, Wolfgang, B723, 890, 1533 Maucci, Manuel, B1238 Maura, Antonio, Af12 Melena, José L., B297 Melón Fernández, Santiago, B33, 516, 1397 Méndez-Faith, Teresa, Ah10, 33; B601 Méndez Leite, Fernando, B331 Menéndez Pelayo, Marcelino: See Menéndez y Pelayo, Marcelino Menéndez Pidal, Juan, B5, 297–99, 1050 Menéndez Pidal, Ramón, B1050 Menéndez y Pelayo, Marcelino, Af13; Ah65; Aj18; B302, 307, 441, 544, 630, 804, 840, 1109, 1172, 1306, 1637 Metzeltin, Michael, B161 Meuser-Blincow, Frances, B1031 Miguélez, Juan Fraile, B842 Míguez, José Antonio, B163.9 Miller, Stephen, Ab15.2; Ac40.2; Ai10.2; B116, 289.4, 968, 1472.4 Millington, Mark I., B1460 Miquel y Badía, F., B1585 Mir y Noguera, Miguel, B1705

Miralles, Alberto, B343 Miralles, Enrique, B203, 1748–49, 1789 Miravalles, Luis, B29 Mitchell, Juliet, B698 Mitterand, Henri, B1790 Monegal, Antonio, B1782 Montesinos, María Isabel, B401 Montolí Bernadas, Víctor, Ah129 Montrémy, Jean-Maurice de, Ai16.16 Montseny y Carret, Juan [pseud.: Urales, Federico], B921, 1386 Morais Varela, Joana, Ai28 Moreno Fernández-Caparros, Raimundo, Ai25.1 Morino, A., Ai36 Morote, Luis, B302, 843 Mudrick, Marvin, Ai8.11 Muecke, D.C., B354 Mugica, Pedro de, B432 Mullor-Heymann, Montserrat, B1781 Muñoz Marquina, Francisco, Ac49; Ad13; Ah8 Munteanu, Dan, Ai30; B414 Muratori-Philip, Anne, Ai16.17 Muruais, Jesús, B376 Navarro, Felipe Benicio, B1036 Navarro Ledesma, Francisco: See Navarro y Ledesma, Francisco Navarro y Ledesma, Francisco, B488, 1386, 1616–19, 1627, 1724 Neira, Jesús, B840.1 Nelson, Brian, B1475 Niedermayer, Franz, Ai20.1 Nietzsche, Friedrich, B1463 Nimitz, Michael, Ai11 O’Connor, D.J., B1225.4 Oleza [Simó], Juan, Ac9, 40–41; B26, 879, 914.5, 1290, 1642 Oliveira Martins, Joaquim Pedro, B67 Ontañón de Lope, Paciencia, B1228.4 Orbón, Julián, Af8; B566 Orlando [pseud.]: See Lara y Pedrajas, Antonio Ortega, Virgilio, Ad20 Ortega y Gasset, José, B442, 494, 558– 59

390

Index of Scholars and Critics Ortí y Lara, Juan Manuel, Ab15 Osoro Iturbe, Kepa, Ah122 Otero Pérez, Jesús, B232.1 Ow, Viktor von, B603

Quintanilla, José María [pseud.: Sánchez, Pedro], B588, 1088 Rad, José Manuel, Ad22.2 Ramoneda, Arturo, Ac32; Aj20 Ramos-Gascón, Antonio, Ad46 Reichenberger, Kurt, B151 Reichenberger, Theo, B151 Reig, Rafael, Ah123; B1780 Ressot, Jean-Pierre, Ai16.19 Revilla, Manuel de la, B914, 962, 1383 Revuelta Sañudo, Manuel, Af13 Reynolds, Stanley, Ai8.12 Ribbans, Geoffrey W., B1123 Richmond, Carolyn, Ac35, 40–41; Ad27, 32.2, 43, 57; B34, 154, 472, 740.2, 760–61, 1198–99, 1410.3, 1429.7, 1472.5 Rico, Francisco, B198 Ricoeur, Paul, B1031 Riquer, Martín de, B78 Rivero de la Llana, Isaac del, Aj78 Rivkin, Laura, Ab14.1; Ad32 Robles, Laureano, B367 Rodríguez, Bernardo, Af20 Rodríguez, Rodney T., B967.1 Rodríguez, Tomás, Ad57.5 Rodríguez Marín, Rafael, Ad49 Rodríguez Monegal, Emir, B1166 Rodríguez Neira, Teófilo, B522 Roldán, Santiago, B1251 Roloff, Volker, B722 Romera Castillo, José, B87, 156, 163.10, 837 Romero Tobar, Leonardo, Ah95; B22, 130, 283, 401, 735, 824, 970, 1112, 1351–52, 1381 Rorty, Richard, B1029 Rossini, Flaviarosa Nicoletti, Ai23 Roubaud, M.-L., Ai16.20 Round, Nicholas G., Ac5.2; B1340.5 Rovatti, L., Ai39 Rubiera, Carlos, B581, 607, 1396 Rubio Cremades, Enrique, Ah120; B1759 Ruiz de la Peña, Álvaro, Aa2; Ac20, 42; Ad10, 47

Padrós de Palacios, Esteban, Ac11 Palacios Fernández, Emilio, B384 Palop Peña, Isabel María, Ac8.4 Paolini, Gilberto, B1501 Pardo Canalis, Enrique, B280 París, Luis, Af15; B174, 201 Parreño, José María, Ad31 Paya Bernabé, José, B866 Peira, Pedro, B844, 1194 Pellicer, José Luis, B992 Peña y Goñi, Antonio, B1258 Peralta, Víctor Julio, Ad17 Perés, Ramón D., B192, 1381 Pérez, Janet, B1461 Pérez Bances, José R., B594, 1078 Pérez de Mendiola, Marina, B415 Pérez Minik, Domingo, Ac3 Pérez Tapia, María Teresa, Ab9.3 Pi y Margall, Francisco, B687 Pikhart, A[ntonín], Ai5 Piñel Vallejo, Santiago, Ab9.3 Pistorius, George, B683 Pol, Barber van de, Ai6 Pont, Jaume, B92 Porto-Bompiani, González, B803 Posada, Adolfo, Af8; Ag2; Ah104; B566, 1080, 1140, 1238 Posada Herrera, José, Af18; B819 Prado, Javier del, Aj2 Prieto, Antonio, B1149 Prieto Bances, Ramón, B51 Prieto de la Torre, Secundino, B594, 1078 Pritchard, David, Ai9.2 Propp, Vladimir, B796 Puccini, Dario, Ai23 Pupo-Walker, Enrique, B393 Quiñonero, Juan Pedro, Ai16.18 Quiñones, Fernando, Ad15 Quintana, Ignacio, B794 Quintana Docio, Francisco, B386.3

391

Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) 722.1, 733, 781, 879, 956–57, 1290, 1751, 1790 Sojo, Eduardo, Af30 Soler i Miquel, Josep, B1381, 1386 Solovief, Vladimir Sergeyevich, B1463 Sotelo Vázquez, Adolfo, Ab2, 4, 8, 11.2, 12.2; B304.2, 381, 835, 964, 1124, 1353, 1410.4, 1412, 1469 Sotillo, Antonio, B302 Southworth, E.A., Ac8.5 Spieker, Joseph B., B1340.7 Stackhouse, Kenneth A., Ai10 Steenmeijer, Maarten, Ai6; B1320.10 Strausfeld, Michi, B603 Suárez, Gonzalo, Ac26 Suárez, Constantino [pseud.: Españolito], Ah5 Sutherland, Erika M., B1473.5

Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez, Francisco J., B311 Ruiz de Velasco, Luis, Af20 Rutherford, John, Ac35.3; Ad49.1; Ai8; Aj5.1; B29, 34, 313, 1340.6, 1355, 1429.8, 1479, 1785 Ryan, Bryan, B1338 Sabadell, Juana, B692 Saillard, Simone, Ag6 Sáinz y Rodríguez, Pedro, B902 Sampelayo, Juan, B862 San Juan, Mario, B194 Sánchez, Pedro [pseud.]: See Quintanilla, José María Sánchez-Alarcos, Raúl F., Ab1 Sánchez Alfaro, M., Ac29 Sánchez Calvo, Estanislao, Af4, 25, 30; B358 Sánchez Pérez, Antonio, B1103 Sánchez Ramón, Antonio, Af29 Santa Cruz, Marqués de, B267 Santiáñez-Tió, Nil, Ah14 Sanz Villanueva, Santos, Aa3; Ac27; Ad48 Sauret, Teresa, B1776 Schmitt, Christian, B161 Schnepf, Michael A., B94.1, 1386.2 Schönberger, Axel, B889 Schopenhauer, Arthur, B781, 1152, 1370, 1387 Segal, Naomi, B1334 Sela, Aniceto, B1044, 1080 Sela Sampil, Luis, B51 Serrano Monteavaro, M.A., B1032 Serrano Suárez, José María, B252 Serrano y Branat, Eduardo, Af23; B818 Shakespeare, Nicholas, Ai8.13 Siboni [y Jiménez], Luis, B843 Sidgwick, Henry, B1463 Sieburth, Stephanie, B163.11 Silva, Pedro de, Aj78; B32, 569, 1251 Sirera, Josep Lluis, Ac9 Sklodowska, Elźvieta, Ai26 Smith, Paul Julian, B1460 Sobejano, Gonzalo, Ab5; Ac4–5, 9, 25, 47; Ad25–26, 50; B23, 190, 676,

Tabak, Josip, Ai32 Taine, Hippolyte, B1503 Talens, Jenaro, B1031 Tanner, Tony, B697 Tarfe [pseud.]: See Friera, Ataúlfo Taylor, Teresia, B914.6 Tintoré [Espuny], María José, B491, 587, 843, 859, 991, 1535 Todorov, Tzvetan, B289, 784 Tolivar Alas, Ana Cristina, B1680, 1755 Tomachevski, Boris, B121 Torre, Guillermo de, Ad18 Torrendell, J., B1665 Torres, David, Ab14; B543 Truyols Santonja, Jaime, B505 Turner, Harriet S., B31, 1225.5, 1560 Ullman, Pierre, Ai12.1 Urales, Federico [pseud.]: See Montseny y Carret, Juan Ureña, Rafael, B194 Uría Ríu, Juan, B505 Urrecha, Federico [pseud.: Amaniel], Af31 Urrutia, Jorge, B1301 Utt, Roger L., Ab15 Val Julián, Carmen, Ad44

392

Index of Scholars and Critics Valdés, J. Alfonso, B302 Valdivia, Aniceto, B895 Valdivieso, Teresa L., B1499 Valentí Camp, Santiago, B1080 Valis, Noël, Ab5.3, 8.2, 11.3, 15.3; Ac9.2; Ad32.3, 43.1, 49.2; Ai8.14–15; B289.5, 386.4, 1055, 1228.5, 1320.11, 1329.2, 1340.8, 1386.3, 1410.5, 1429.9 Valverde, José María, B873 Vega, Enrique de la, Ah58 Vega, Ricardo de la, B895 Verdú de Gregorio, Joaquín, Ab16 Vetterling, Mary Anne, B601 Vicenti, Alfredo, B194 Vida, Jerónimo, B302 Vidal Tibbits, Mercedes, Ab2.4 Vilanova, Antonio, Ab7, 11–12; B31, 304, 346, 548, 1410, 1502, 1560 Vilarós, Teresa, B1320.12 Villanueva, Darío, B1031, 1764, 1782

Wegmann, Brenda, Ah33 Wentzlaff-Eggebert, Harald, B722 Whiston, James, B914.7 White, Nicholas, B1334 Willem, Linda M., B630 Williamsen, Vern G., B162 Williamson, Michael, Ai8.16 Wing, Barbara H., B601 Wojciechowska, Kalina, Ai26 Woodbridge, Hensley C., B1472.6 Worren, Arne, Ai25 Ynduráin, Domingo, Ac10 Ynduráin, Francisco, B1149 Yxart, Josep, B1503–4 ‘Z’, Ag6 Zavala, Iris M., B58, 196, 198, 744, 966, 1354, 1383 Zayas-Bazán, Eduardo, B1504 Zimmerman, Klaus, B889 Zubiri, Xavier, B494

393

RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND CHECKLISTS NEW SERIES

Edited by Alan Deyermond and Abigail Lee Six 1. Hart, S.M.

César Vallejo: a critical bibliography of research, 2002

RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND CHECKLISTS Edited by A.D. Deyermond, J.R. Little and J.E. Varey 1. Little, R.

2. Sheringham, M. 3. Sharrer, H.L.

4. Hoy, P. 5. Little, J.P. 6. Labriolle, J. de 7. Scott, J.W. 8. Wright, B. 9. Wells, M.B. 10. Bradby, D. 11. Aquila, A.J.

Saint-John Perse: a bibliography for students of his poetry, 1971 Supplement No 1, 1976 Supplement No 2, 1982 André Breton: a bibliography, 1972 Supplement No 1, by Elza Adamowicz, 1992 A Critical Bibliography of Hispanic Arthurian Material, I. Texts: the prose romance cycles, 1977 Julien Gracq: essai de bibliographie, 1973 Simone Weil: a bibliography, 1973 Supplement No 1, 1979 Claudel and the English-speaking World: a critical bibliography, 1973 Madame de Lafayette: a selective critical bibliography, 1974 Eugène Fromentin: a bibliography, 1973 Supplement No 1, 1998 Du Bellay: a bibliography, 1974 Adamov, 1975 Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga: a basic bibliography, 1975

12. Griffin, N.

13. Crosby, J.O. 14. Smith, P. 15. Duggan, J.J. 16. Bishop, M. 17. Kelly, D. 18. Rees, M. 19. Snow, J.T. 20. Hitchcock, R. 21. Burgess, G.S.

22. Bach, K.F., and G. Price 23. Eisenberg, D. 24. Hare, G.

25. Geoghegan, C.

26. Lowe, D.K.

Jesuit School Drama: a checklist of critical literature, 1976 Supplement No 1, 1986 Guía bibliográfica para el estudio crítico de Quevedo, 1976 Vicente Blasco Ibáñez: an annotated bibliography, 1976 A Guide to Studies on the Chanson de Roland, 1976 Pierre Reverdy: a bibliography, 1976 Chrétien de Troyes: an analytic bibliography, 1976 French Authors on Spain 1800–1850: a checklist, 1977 The Poetry of Alfonso X: a critical bibliography, 1977 The Kharjas: a critical bibliography, 1977 Supplement No 1, 1996 Marie de France: an analytical bibliography, 1977 Supplement No 1, 1986 Supplement No 2, 1997 Romance Linguistics and the Romance Languages: a bibliography of bibliographies, 1977 Castilian Romances of Chivalry in the Sixteenth Century: a bibliography, 1979 Alphonse Daudet: a critical bibliography. I. Primary material, 1978, II. Secondary material, 1979 Louis Aragon: essai de bibliographie, I. Œuvres, Tome 1 (1918–1959), 1979, Tome 2 (1960–1977), 1979 Benjamin Constant: an annotated bibliography of critical editions and studies (1946–1978), 1979

27. Mason, B. 28. Shirt, D.J.

Michel Butor: a checklist, 1979 The Old French Tristan poems: a bibliographical guide, 1980 29. McGaha, M.D. The Theatre in Madrid during the Second Republic: a checklist, 1979 30. Stathatos, C.C. A Gil Vicente bibliography (1940–1975), 1979 31. Bleikasten, A. Arp: bibliographie, I. Ecrits/Dichtung, 1981, II. Critique/Kritik, 1983 32. Bergman, H.E., A Catalogue of Comedias sueltas in the New and S.E. Szmuk York Public Library, Vol. I (A-H), 1980, Vol. II (I-Z), 1981 33. Best, M. Ramón Pérez de Ayala: an annotated bibliography of criticism, 1980 34. Clive, H.P. Marguerite de Navarre: an annotated bibliography, 1983 35. Sargent-Baur, B.N., Aucassin et Nicolete: a critical bibliography, and R.F. Cook 1981 36. Nelson, B. Emile Zola: a selective analytical bibliography, 1982 37. Field, T. Maurice Barrès: a selective critical bibliography (1948–1979), 1982 38. Bell, S.M. Nathalie Sarraute: a bibliography, 1982 39. Kinder, A.G. Spanish Protestants and Reformers in the Sixteenth Century: a bibliography, 1983 Supplement No l, 1994 40. Clive, H.P. Clément Marot: an annotated bibliography, 1983 41. Whinnom, K. The Spanish Sentimental Romance (1440– 1550): a critical bibliography, 1983 42. Kennedy, A.J. Christine de Pizan: a bibliographical guide, 1984 Supplement No 1, 1994 43. Tremewan, P. Prévost: an analytical bibliography of criticism to 1981, 1984 44. Holloway, J.B. Brunetto Latini: an analytic bibliography, 1986

45. Craddock, J.R. 46. Valis, N.M. 47. Faulhaber, C.B. 48. Powrie, P. 49. Nelson, D.H. 50. Fradejas Rueda, J.M.

51. Freire Lopez, A.M. 52. Dolamore, S.M. 53. Lima, R.

The Legislative Works of Alfonso X: el Sabio, 1986 Leopoldo Alas (Clarín): an annotated bibliography, 1986 Libros y bibliotecas en la España medieval: una bibliografía de fuentes impresas, 1987 René Daumal and Roger Gilbert-Lecomte: a bibliography, 1988 Charles d’Orléans: an analytical bibliography, 1990 Bibliotheca cinegética hispánica: bibliografía crítica de los libros de cetrería y montería hispano-portugueses anteriores a 1799, 1991 Poesía popular durante la Guerra de la Independencia española, 1993 French autobiographical writing 1900–1950: an annotated bibliography, 1997 Ramón del Valle-Inclán: an annotated bibliography Vo1.I. The works of ValleInclán, 1999

Leopoldo Alas (Clarin): An Annotated Bibliography: Supplement I (Research Bibliographies and Checklists: new series)

Chretien de Troyes: An Analytic Bibliography: Supplement I (Research Bibliographies and Checklists: new series)

Marie de France: An analytical bibliography, Supplement No. 3 (Research Bibliographies and Checklists: new series)

Survey Research Methodology, 1990-1999: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Law and Political Science)

The Native American in Long Fiction: An Annotated Bibliography: Supplement 1995-2002 (Native American Bibliography Series)

Workforce Reductions: An Annotated Bibliography

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The New Woman in Print and Pictures: An Annotated Bibliography

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Abortion from the Religious and Moral Perspective:: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Religious Studies)

Race and Crime: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Ethnic Studies)

Kurdish Culture and Society: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Ethnic Studies)

George Clarin

The Polish-German Borderlands: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in World History)

Appalachian Children's Literature: An Annotated Bibliography

Geographically Dispersed Teams: An Annotated Bibliography

American Indian Sovereignty and Law: An Annotated Bibliography (Native American Bibliography Series)

The creation evolution controversy: an annotated bibliography

The Korean War: An Annotated Bibliography

Gender Equity in Education: An Annotated Bibliography

Ludwig von Mises: An Annotated Bibliography

The Kurds and Kurdistan: A Selective and Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in World History)

Men and Aging: A Selected, Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Gerontology)

Alas Babylon

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Leopoldo Alas (Clarin): An Annotated Bibliography: Supplement I (Research Bibliographies and Checklists: new series)

Chretien de Troyes: An Analytic Bibliography: Supplement I (Research Bibliographies and Checklists: new series)

Marie de France: An analytical bibliography, Supplement No. 3 (Research Bibliographies and Checklists: new series)

Survey Research Methodology, 1990-1999: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Law and Political Science)

The Native American in Long Fiction: An Annotated Bibliography: Supplement 1995-2002 (Native American Bibliography Series)

Workforce Reductions: An Annotated Bibliography

Executive Coaching: An Annotated Bibliography

Alaska History. An Annotated Bibliography

Aboriginal health: An annotated bibliography

The New Woman in Print and Pictures: An Annotated Bibliography

Stress burnout: an annotated bibliography

Teaching Revising and Editing: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Mass Media and Communications)

Abortion from the Religious and Moral Perspective:: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Religious Studies)

Race and Crime: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Ethnic Studies)

Kurdish Culture and Society: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Ethnic Studies)

George Clarin

The Polish-German Borderlands: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in World History)

Appalachian Children's Literature: An Annotated Bibliography

Geographically Dispersed Teams: An Annotated Bibliography

American Indian Sovereignty and Law: An Annotated Bibliography (Native American Bibliography Series)

The creation evolution controversy: an annotated bibliography

The Korean War: An Annotated Bibliography

Gender Equity in Education: An Annotated Bibliography

Ludwig von Mises: An Annotated Bibliography

The Kurds and Kurdistan: A Selective and Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in World History)

Men and Aging: A Selected, Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in Gerontology)

Alas Babylon

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