Grumman HU-16 Albatross

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THE GRUMMAN ALBATROSS BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT The Grumman HU-16 Albatross started out as a company venture in the late forties and became such a success that it has been used by more than two dozen armed forces throughout the world. It has become one of those hand-me-down aircraft like the venerable DC-3/C-47 and is still in use today. The Albatross started out life as a Navy aircraft. The initial Navy contract was for two XJR2F-l prototypes, the first taking to the air on 1 Oct. 1947. During development, the Navy had decided its inital orders would be for Anti-Submarir.e-Warfare aircraft (ASW) designated PF-IA's. The Air Force became interested in using the Albatross as a search and rescue platform (SAR) and ordered procurement as the SA-16. The initial Air Force order was for 52 SA-16As, the first of which was delivered in July of 1949. Ironically the Air Force was the first service to receive a production aircraft, because the Navy had dropped its procurement of the Albatross as a .ASW platform and instead ordered six UF-l utility aircraft. The Navy took delivery of the UF-l in Dec. 1949, and the Coast Guard received its first Albatross, designated UF-IG, in March 1952. Since the Albatross has lived such a usefull life, it has survived through many designation changes. Navy Albatross aircraft were UF-ls until 1962 when they became HU-16Cs. Five Navy UF-ls were ordered as UF-l Ts, which were used for midshipment indoctrination and later designated as TU-16Cs in 1962. Three other Navy UF-ls were ordered as UF-ILs for possible Artic/Antarctic operations, (winterized version with tri-phibian capabilities, equipped with skids on the keel and wing floats for the ice and the snow) and designated LU-16Cs in 1962. The Air Force SA-16As became HU-16As in 1962, and the Coast Guard UF-IGs were not redesignated as none remained in service in 1962. Because of increasing weight and decreasing performance the Air Force sponsored a major modification program in the mid 1950s. The new aircraft designated SA-16B first flew in Jan. 1956. The SA-16B differed from the SA-16A by the addition of a 70 inch wing section outboard of the engine and a 39 inch Wing-tip extension coupled with leading edge wing camber to replace the leading edge slots. Because of the increased wing area, the ailerons, fin and stabilizers were increased in size. The SA-16B became the HU-16B in 1962. All but 21 of the SA-16Bs were converted from the SA-16A. The success of the conversion led the Navy to convert most of its UF-ls to SA-16B standards as UF-2s, designated HU-16Ds in 1962. The Coast Guard also converted its UF-IGs to UF-2Gs, which became HU-16Es in 1962. Its interesting to note that 16 of the factory built SA-16Bs were built with Wright R-1820-82 engines instead of the standard -76 engine. These aircraft can be recognized by having an air intake mounted on top of engine cowlings of a different contour. Ten of these aircraft went to Canada and six went to Japan. The USAF retired their HU-16s in 1973 with some 55 being transferred to the Coast Guard. The last Coast Guard HU-16E was retired in 1983. The Navy's last HU-16 was assigned to the Naval Aviation Museum at Pensacola in 1976,

but has since been on bailment to the Smithsonian Institution. Although no longer active in U.S. service, the venerable Albatross is still in use in many a foreign government.

AIRPLANE. The airplane is an all metal, high wing, twin engine, fixed wing tip float, air-sea rescue amphibian built by the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation. It is powered by two engines driving three-bladed, constant speed, full feathering, reversible pitch propellers. Provisions are made for the installation of JATO units on the hull doors. Oxygen systems are provided for the crew and passengers. The flight deck and cabin are heated and ventilated. The crew consists of a pilot, co-pilot, navigator, radio operator, and two observers.

DIMENSIONS.

UF-2

Span . Length-aver-all (maximum on ground) Height . Beam . Tread .

· 96 feet

8 inches

· 62 feet 10 inches · 25 feet 10 inches 7 feet 11 inches 8 inchs · 17 feet

ENGINES. The airplanes are powered by two nine cylinder Wright R1820-76A or -76B engines geared three engine to two propeller revolutions and are equipped with hydraulically operated, single stage, two speed superchargers, and high tension ignition systems. Carburetor air is introduced into each nacelle through two intercylinder ducts. Each duct is provided with an alternate air valve to permit mixing of warm air ducted through the accessory compartment baffle from diretly behind the engine exhaust stacks.

ENGINES. (Serial NO. 148324 -

148329)

The airplanes are powered by two nine cylinder Wright R1820-82 engines geared 1 engine to .5625 propeller revolutions and are equipped with low tension ignition systems and single stage, single speed superchargers (blowers). Carburetor air is introduced through an external top-mounted airscoop and can be mixed with alternate (warm) air taken from directly behind the cylinders.

INTRODUCTION Anyone having photos or other information on this aircraft or other 50's era naval aircraft, may submit them for possible inclusion in future issues. Any material submitted will become the property of NAVAL FIGHTERS un'less prior arrangement is made, Individuals are responsible for security clearance of any material before submission, ISBN 0-942612-11-8 S Ginter, 1754 Warfield Cir, Simi Valley, California 93063,

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All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in , a retrieval system, or transmItted In any form by any means electronic, . mechanical or otherwise without the written permission of the publisher © 1984 Steve Ginter

FRONT COVER: TOP-HU-16D, 137919, at NAS Agana, 6-26-72, by Naoki Nishimura. BOTTOM - HU-16E, 1026, both photos thanks to Picciani Aircraft Slides, 434 ARBUTUS AVE., HORSHAM, PA, 19044,

PHOTOS - Show prototype XFR2F·l, 82853, on the ground, in the air and on water in May of 1948. Plane is painted silver. Note that there would be very little change between prototype and production machines. H.G. Martin photos via W.T. Larkins.

Contributors

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Roger Besecker, Jim Burridge, Burger, Lt. CoL Colby, Lawrence Farris, CPO Graham, CDR Hibbard, "Mule" Holmberg, Clay Jansson, Leo Kahn, Bob Kowalski, William Larkins, Robert Lawson, Dave Menard, Ron Picciani, Potaski, Mick Roth, Bob Stollaf, William Swisher, and Nick Williams.

Three View Dimensional Drawings-SA- J 6A-GR, UF- J, UF- J G

POWER PLANT NO. & MODEL•••• (2) R-1820-76A

MF'R•••••••••••••••••••• 19' .A. c. SUPERCH •••• ~.l Stage, 2 Speed

62'--2"---------, - _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-~~~~~_-_'_60' -8"-----~=::h==r_

PROP. GEAR RATIo •••••••• 0.666 PROP. MFR••••••••••• Harr. Std. PROP. DES. NO ••••••••• 660lA-7 NO. BL./DIA •••••••••• 3/11 l -O"

B

IRATINGsl Alt.

T. 0.

1,425

Rpm 2,700

MIL.

1,425 1,100

2,700 2,600

1,000 1l,600

NOR!.!.

1,275 975

2,500 2,500

3,000 14,700

Bhp

~----------60'

-7" - - - - - - - - - 1 f - - - - - - - - - 62' -1" - - - - - - - - - - - i

@

@

S. L.

SPEC. NO. N-826-B AGGO MMODA TI ONS

CREW ••••• ~ •••••••••••••••••• 6 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Radioman, Radar-Navigator, 2 Observers)

LITI'mS ••••••••••••••••••••12 SEATS•••••••••••••••••••••• I0 CARGO DOOR SIZE: Top ••••••••••••••• 58· X 63 ft

Port •••••••••••••• ))· x

48"

Stbd•••••••••••••• 23" x 38" FLOOR WADING: Ibs"./rt. 2 ••••••••••••••• 200

WEIGHTS Loadings

L.F.

Lbs.

EMPTY •••••••••19,820••••••••• BASIC ••••••••• 21,245 ••••••••• DESIGN •••••••• 25,OOO ••••• ).5 MAX.,T.O.

Smooth Water.29,5OO••••• ).2

,----------------11--8o· -0"'-----------'

Run-Way •••••*)3,OOO•••••2.9 MAX. LAND •••••• 31, (X)() •••••••••

*

All Weights are actual. L1mi ted by single-engine performance.

ELECTRONICS VHF TRANS. & REC ••••• AN/ARC-l LF RANGE REC •••••• ~2)A/ARC-5 UHF TRANS. & REC••••• AN/ARC-2 RADIO COMloI. TRANS••• AN/ART-I) /

MODEL SA-16A-GR ser No. 48-589 thru 49-100 UF-1 ser No, 124374 thru 124379

A

24'-3"

B

LORAN ••••••••••••••••AN/APN-9 RADAR•••••••••••••••AN/APS-31 VHF HOMING ANTENNA •••AN/ARA-8 MF RADIO COMPASS ••••• AN'/ARN-7

IFF ••••••••••• AN/APX-2 or -2A 24'-10-3/4"

24'-11-3/4"

SA-16A-GR ser No. 51-1 thru 51-31 (including ANIARC -27 antelUla)

26'-5-1/4"

26'-6-1/4"

SA-16A-GR ser No, 48-588. 51-32 and subsequent (including AN/ARC -27 antenna and snow skid lowered)

MF RADIO REC •••••••• AN/ARR-ll MARKER 'BEACON •••••••• AN/ARN-8 RADIO ALTlIIETER•••••• AN/APN-l

24'-4"

SA-16A-GR ser No, 50-172 thru 50-182 UF-1 CG No. 1240 and subsequent (including ANI APX-6 antenna)

SA-16A-GR ser No, 48-588. 51-32 and subsequent (including AN/ARC-27 antenna and snow skid retracted)

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FUEL AND OIL'

26 '-5-1/4"

Gala. 600 676

26'-6-7/8"

,Ro. Tanks

Location

2 " Wing, Drop 2 Wing

fUEL GRADE••••••1OO/I)O fUEL SPEC •••• MlL-F-5572 26'-5-1/4"

[QllJ

27'-1-1/4

.... In column A the ground clearance with the snow skid retracted is 10 in. and with the snow skid lowered is 2 in.

3

CAPACITY (Gals.) ••••••••••• 58

GRADE•••••••••••••••

SPEC•••••••

6 •••••••

9 ••••

1120

M!L-0-6082

PERFORMANCE SUMMARY (1) TRANSPORT

LOADING CONDITION

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LOADING CONDITION GftOSS li'EIGlIT Erllrine DOwer Fuel Boml:tl/Tanks ~mx.

sneed at eea level Max. sneed/AU Combat sneed/Alt Ra te of climb SL CellinI< for 500 fpm R/C Time-to-clicb/A1t.

28.670 0')01-

33.000 L Oifon:bOO

10/')1.0 34.4/14.7 69.7 64.6 60.7 21'5118 000 1 120

10/?Q0 39.6/16.9 75.4 60.1 6,.8 20871:.600 1·581.

,1.1. 1.1..32

1.090

~

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0 0

~8

Ibs. lbR -lbs M",hR nol1bs. Passenl!ers/Cargo Win",/Power Loadin~ (A)lbs/sa.ft·1bs/bl\o. kn. Stall Soeed--Power off kn. Stall SDeed--Power off - No Fuel . Stall St'eed--Power on 1m. Jal/ft. Maximum SDeed/Alt eBl ft. TAke-off Distence. deck -- calm Take-off Dista.nce. deck kn. ft. secs. Take-off Time rt/mln. Rate of climb -- sea level B ft. Service CellinI" B B min. Time-to-climb 10.000 ft. mi:1. B Time-to-cllmb 20.000 ft. Combat Range/V av 1500 ft. n.ml/kn. Combat Radius/V av ft. n.ci/kn.

. TAKE-OFF WEIGHT

(2) TRANSPORT

800

21.~00

13.1 61.7 1 800/130

I (A) IIIP at

Ibe.

NOTES

(4) RESCUE (Return)

(Depart) 31 250

29.450 4.050/-

1.. 0if6TU;oo

-

12/35.4/15.1 70.6 65.6 61.5 215/4.600 1.170

37.5/16.0 73.4 63.8 62.1

21671:.600 1.380

-

9.1 27.0 1.000/124

U

(3) RESCUE

-

1200 22 700 11.1..

~9.2

1.900/126

34.1 1 358 24 100 9.7 39.0

930/126

I

Maximum Critical llt1tw11o (B) Hormal lIlP

Ibe. kn. kn/ft. kn/ft.

ft/min. ft. min/ft.

PHOTOS: ABOVEUF-1, 124376, in overall blue color, while attached to Flight Test Division of NATC Pax River. Note radome is carried under the wing of the early UF-1s. USN via Clay Jansson. AT LEFT - UF-1, 124378 over New York, overall blue with silver prop hubs. H.G. Martin photo via W.T. Larkins.

4

1-+---- 31'---------.;~

POWER PLANT

f.-----,.......-29'

NO. . . MODEL . . (2.)R182.0-76A. -76B MANUFACTURER •. Curti. . -Wright SUPERCHARGER • • . 1 Stage. 2. Speed REDUCTION GEAR RATIO • . . 0.666 PROP. MFR. • • • • • • • HAM. STD. PROP. TYPE . . • Hydro .• Rev. Pitch NO. BLADESI DIA . . . 3/11 ft. BLADE DESIGN NO •• . . 7007 B-7 . ATO . (4)14ASIOOO NO . . . MODEL or l5KSlOOO MANUFACTURER . • AEROJET THRUST 1000 lb. (each) DURATION • . • • • : •. 14 or 15 sec. RATINGS ' BHP @ RPMfi CRITICAL ALT. T.O. 142.5 2.700 2.500 2.700 2.500 MIL. 142.5 2.700 10300 1100 NORM 12.75 2.500 3000 2.500 11800 975 ENG. SPEC. NO. N-82.6-B

SA-16B-GR, UF-2 and UF-2G airplanes

PERSONNEL Crew DOrm • Litter Patients . . . . . plus Attendents ••• • • Passengers • . . •o~ ••

NOTE On SA-16B-GR airplanes, dimension A ground clearance with snow skid retracted is 10 in. and with snow skid lowered is 2 in.

1-----------------96'-8"----------------.,

1-----------62-10"---------., 1 - - · - - - - - - - - - - 6 1 ' - 4..'-~-------...,

CARGO CAPACITIES INSIDE CLEARANCES Length (overall). • 2.6'-1" Width (max.) . • • • • • • • •• 7'-5" Height (max.) . • • • • • • • •• 6'-4" Cabin Floor Area • • • • • 145 sq. ft. Floor Strength .', • • • 2.00 lb./sq. ft. Cabin Volume • • • • • • • • 568 cu. ft. MAIN LOADING DOOR Width (max.) • • • • 2,'-9" Height (max.) • , • , • • , • •• 4'-0" Door Sill Height (above Ground) • . • • • • • . 5'-10" (above Water) ' • • . . • • . . 1'-6" CARGO HATCH (OVERHEAD) Width (max.) . 4 '-10" Length (max.). . • • • • • • . • 5'-3"

WEIGHTS LBS. EMPTY 2.302.5 BASIC 2.5094 DESIGN 32.000 MAX. T.O. (Field) 37500 (Water. ATO) est. 34000 MAX. LDG. (Field) 37500 IWaterlnOOO

L. F.

2..77

ELECTRONICS

t-+-----------62'-9"---------+-!

FUEL AND OIL ~

"""6"76" 590 412.

NO. TANKS 2. 2. 2.

LOCATION Wing Wing Drop Float

FUEL GRADE 115/145 FUEL SPEC. (applicable) MIL-F-557Z

OIL

CAPACITY (GALS. ) . . . . 58 (not incl. prop. oil) GRADE . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . 1100 SPEC. (applicable) • . . . . MIL- L-6082.

DIMENSIONS WING AREA. . • • • • • • • . .. 1035 sq. ft. SPAN . • • . . . . . • • • . . 96 ft. 8 in • MAC • . • • • • • • . • • • • • . 131. 1 in. LENGTH . • • • . . • • • • . . . 62. ft. 10 in. HEIGHT . . . • • . • • . • • • . 2.5 ft. II in. TREAD . • • • . . • . . • • . . • • 17 ft. 8 in. PROP. CLEARANCE . • . .(3Pt. Grd. )8' . (Water) 4'

5

C .v VHF Comm./Dir. Finder Set HF Liaison Sets (2.) . . . . • ANI ARC-38 HF Receiver . . . . . • • . . ANI ARR-41 LF Transmitter • . . • . . . ANI ART-33 UHF Command Set . . . . . ANI ARC-2.7 NAVIGATION Radio COmpa.... (2.) AN/APN-59 Marker Beacon AN/ARN-l2. LORAN . . • • • • . . • . . . ANI APN-70 UHF Dir. Finder ANI AR:A-2.5 VOR Receiver • . . . . . . . ANI ARN-14 Glide Slope . . . • . • . . . . AN/ARN-18 TACAN .. ' ANI ARN-2.1 A Radar,Altimeter ANI APN-2.2. IDENTIFICATION IFF . . • • . . . • • . . . . ANI APX-6. -6B Coder Group (SIF) . . . . . ANI APA-89 IFF Interr. Set • . . . . . . AN/APX-2.8 SEARCH Radar • • . • . • • • . • . . . ANI APS-31A GENERAL ICS (7 Place) ANI AlC-5B Trailing Antenna AS-40 11 A

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~~SIARCH AND ~I RISCUISIARCH AIID NO ISCUI-TWO :JDO ITIRMAL TANKS 'L. lliio. TANKS

TAKE-oFF LOADING CONDITION

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TAKI-CH'fl WIIGHT , ... 1 _ 1 / _..1(GAS)

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31. 8

35.6

32. 3

36. I

78

ft. ft.

1700

85 2280

79 . 1800

86 2400

,

DI._. - ......11_ 50 ft.....

II

31 235')0

15 46 ZIIOO

...

1595

Z410

1490

2Z06

132

134

147

150

ft.

1500

10000

1130/17. I 136

717/9.9 149

10000 1090/14.4

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1500 7Z5/ II. I 134

ft.

1500

1500

10000

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0

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Z9888

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3488 69/49 1080/ZZ10

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50 ft.....

203/3700 900

15

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530 68/47 1050/Z150

....Ift.

(!) 30Z0Z 3Z53

3Z061

7Z/51

70/50

1150/Z360

109O/Z240

1150/Z360.

Z9429 700

25079 530

Z5578

69/48

61/43'

700 6Z/44

1060 /Z170

930/1910

950/1950

4783 7Z/51

Pick up 10 pas"'hRers (ZOOO lb •. ) Fuel allowance for heater and generator (30.5 lb. /hr. I has been included for all mi ••ions. Exceeds estimated maximum .eaplane take-off weight of 34000 Ibs. with ATO Normal Rated Power

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MINIMUM TURNING RADIUS

':7;

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FLOAT

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Rlgbt

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206 ga..llone (123e pounda)

209 gallons

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(12~4 pounda) ~:

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TURN IADIUS ONE WHEEL LOCKED La.nd1ng Gear Wlnp

Propellers Stabilizer Rudder Rarlome

1l1'." '.",

17 n. 8 In. 57 ft. 2 In. 2e ll. 3-1/2 In. 40 n. 9 In. 37 rt. 4 tn. 27 n. 10 In.

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lee9 plIon. (10014 paWld.)

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drop tanka and noat tanka)

lee1 plIona (l00ee pounda)

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GROUND CLEARANCES ITEM Propeller Hull (Amphibian) Wing Tip Float Wing Tlp~cap, Sta. 571 Stabillzer Tlp

WATER

LAND

all 4/t 12 ft 14ft

1/16 In. 11-7/16 In. 10 In. 3-1/2 In. 13/32 In.

411

1/32 In.

7ft 9ft

a-~/16 In.

11-1/2 In.

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Bow Pendant Snubbing Post Bow Hatch Door Cabin Windshield and Window Installation Escape Hatch Doors Wing to Hull Fairing Emergency Life Raft Door Cargo Hatch Door Right Hand Cabin Door Dorsai Fin Fin Fairing Fin and Elevator Enclosure Door Fin Lower Access Door Fin Assembly Fin Tip Cap Fin Upper Access Door Rudder Assembly Rudder Trim Tab Assembly Stabilizer Assembly Elevator Assembly

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=: Figure A-J. (Sheet 2) Exploded View 01 Airplane

Elevator Trim Assembly Hull Tail Section Frame and Skin Assembly Left Upper and Lower Cabin Door Hull Rear Step Fairing Sta 568 Bulkhead Door Hull' Afterbody Cabin Frame and Skin Assembly Hull Aft Foot Section Frame and Skin Assembly Hull Forebody Frame and Skin Assembly Main Wheel Upper Strut Door Main Wheels Shock Strut Upper Fairing Main Wheels Hull Fairing Main Gear Installation Main Wheels Hull Door Hull' Forward Float Section Frame and Skin Assembly Main Skid Assembly Nose Wheel Doors Nose Wheel Installation Side Cabin Enclosure Frame and Skin Assembly Bow Section Assembly

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