Going Global 2002 Career Guides South Africa

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Going Global 2002 Career Guides

South Africa

Going Global, Inc. Presents Career Information and Resources for South Africa

Copyright © 2001 Going Global, Inc. – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under section 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of Going Global, Inc., or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee. This publication is designed to provide as accurate and timely information in regard to the subject matter covered as was available to Going Global, Inc. at the time of publication. It is sold with the understanding that this publication does not serve to render professional career or employment advice. If expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. ISBN 1894890175

© 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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COUNTRY PROFILE............................................................................................................. 5 JOB-SEARCH RESOURCES ................................................................................................. 7 ONLINE JOB SITES ......................................................................................................... 7 GOVERNMENT SPONSORED EMPLOYMENT OFFICES................................................. 8 JOB FAIRS / CAREER EVENTS .....................................................................................12 STAFFING AGENCIES / TEMPORARY HELP FIRMS.....................................................12 EXECUTIVE RECRUITERS & SEARCH FIRMS...............................................................12 NEWSPAPERS THAT PUBLISH JOB ADVERTISEMENTS .............................................14 OTHER RESOURCES.....................................................................................................15 EMPLOYMENT TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES...............................................................17 GENERAL TRENDS .......................................................................................................17 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ......................................................................................17 Certification / Education Requirements.................................................................18 Organizations / Trade Associations ........................................................................19 Publications..............................................................................................................20 Other Resources ......................................................................................................21 ENGINEERING ..............................................................................................................21 Certification / Education Requirements.................................................................22 Organizations / Trade Associations ........................................................................23 Publications..............................................................................................................26 Other Resources ......................................................................................................27 ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE........................................................................................28 Certification / Education Requirements.................................................................28 Organizations / Trade Associations ........................................................................29 Publications..............................................................................................................30 Other Resources ......................................................................................................30 SALES AND MARKETING..............................................................................................31 Certification / Education Requirements.................................................................31 Organizations / Trade Associations ........................................................................32 Publications..............................................................................................................33 Other Resources ......................................................................................................34 GENERAL BUSINESS....................................................................................................34 Certification / Education Requirements.................................................................34 Organizations / Trade Associations ........................................................................35 Publications..............................................................................................................36 Other Resources ......................................................................................................38 PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS & RESOURCES..........................................................39 BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS / TRADE COUNCILS.......................................................39 CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE........................................................................................41 TELEPHONE DIRECTORIES ..........................................................................................48 MAJOR TRADE PUBLICATIONS ....................................................................................49 OTHER RESOURCES.....................................................................................................51 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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EMBASSY LISTINGS .....................................................................................................53 FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS .........................................................................................58 WORK PERMITS/VISAS....................................................................................................61 JOB APPLICATION GUIDELINES .......................................................................................62 COVER LETTER GUIDELINES AND SAMPLE ................................................................62 RÉSUMÉ / CV GUIDELINES AND SAMPLE ..................................................................64 INTERVIEWING ADVICE ....................................................................................................69 CULTURAL ADVICE............................................................................................................71 COUNTRY RESOURCE BOOKS .........................................................................................73


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COUNTRY PROFILE Introduction Until 1991, South African law divided the population into four major racial categories: Africans (black), whites, coloreds, and Asians. Although this law has been abolished, many South Africans still view themselves and each other according to these categories. Africans comprise about 75% of the population and are divided into a number of different ethnic groups. Whites comprise about 14% of the population. They are primarily descendants of Dutch, French, English, and German settlers who began arriving at the Cape in the late 17th century. Coloreds are mixed-race people, primarily descending from the earliest settlers and the indigenous peoples. They comprise about nine percent of the total population. Asians descend from Indian workers brought to South Africa in the mid19th century to work on the sugar estates in Natal. They constitute about two percent of the population and are concentrated in the KwaZulu-Natal Province. Education is in a state of flux. Under the apartheid system, schools were segregated, and the quantity and quality of education varied significantly across racial groups. Although the laws governing this segregation have been abolished, the long and arduous process of restructuring the country's educational system is just beginning. The challenge is to create a single nondiscriminatory, nonracial system that offers the same standards of education to all people. Geography As its name indicates, South Africa is located at the southern tip of Africa. This mostly semiarid land borders Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, and Lesotho, which is completely surrounded by South Africa. It is bordered on the east and south by the Indian Ocean and on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Natural resources include gold, chromium, antimony, coal, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, tin, uranium, gem diamonds, platinum, copper, vanadium, salt, and natural gas. Population There are approximately 43 million people residing in South Africa today. It remains a society where approximately 14% of the population has a standard of living equal to that of Western Europe. However, the remainder of the population suffers from poverty patterns of the Third World as a result of unemployment, lack of education, and limited job skills. In 1998, the Employment Equity Bill was passed as a means of affirmative action to provide measures for ensuring equal employment opportunities within employment organizations in South Africa. Christianity is the dominant religion in South Africa; however, 28.5% have indigenous and animist beliefs. There are 11 official languages: Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu. Economy Until 1914, South Africa’s economy was based primarily on mining and agriculture. © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Today, South Africa is the most advanced, broadly-based, and productive economy in Africa, with a gross domestic product (GDP) nearly four times that of Egypt, its nearest competitor on the continent. It is a middle-income, developing country with an abundant supply of resources, well-developed financial, legal, communications, energy, and transport sectors, a stock exchange that ranks among the ten largest in the world, and a modern infrastructure supporting an efficient distribution of goods to major urban centers throughout the region. However, growth has not been strong enough to put a dent in the 30% unemployment rate, and daunting economic problems remain from the apartheid era, especially the problems of poverty and lack of economic empowerment among the disadvantaged groups. Other problems are crime, corruption, and HIV/AIDS. At the start of 2000, President Mbeki vowed to promote economic growth and foreign investment by relaxing restrictive labor laws, stepping up the pace of privatization, and cutting unneeded governmental spending. His policies face strong opposition from organized labor. Government South Africa operates under a republic. Pretoria is its capital, with Cape Town serving as the legislative center and Bloemfontein the judicial center. President Thabo Mbeki was elected into office on June 16, 1999, by the National Assembly. The president is elected for a five-year term and serves as both the chief of state and the head of the government, giving him ultimate authority in governing the country. Former President Mandela signed a new constitution, which has been implemented in phases since February 1997. He became the first democratically elected president of the country. He retired in April 1999 when Thabo Mbeki was elected into office.


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JOB-SEARCH RESOURCES Due to the fact that networking and personal recommendations lead to many jobs for South Africans, it may seem difficult for expatriates who do not have prior connections to South Africa to penetrate the job market, particularly if they have little to no knowledge of the South African job market and qualifications from institutions that may not be well known in South Africa. Although this is a problem for many expatriates, it can be overcome. Assistance is important, especially for temporary positions where the expense of advertising is often avoided. Although native workers are going to have an edge in the job market, there is no reason why expatriates cannot be competitive in the job market and obtain business contacts and access to networking organizations. Online job sites are particularly helpful for candidates who do not have any business connections in South Africa. These online sites are not only easily accessible outside of South Africa, but they also provide a comprehensive assessment of the job markets for each job sector. Online job sites can make a résumé/Curriculum Vita (CV) visible to the top companies and offer advice and counseling on the job market. Another viable option for expatriates who wish to work in South Africa is to send their résumé/CV directly to companies. Advertising is expensive, and many temporary positions are never advertised in the official channels because they get snatched up quickly. It is helpful when applying to have a contact to address the cover letter to directly. In this document we will provide ways to begin networking and to obtain contacts in South Africa. Many companies have their own websites that list job vacancies, which can be searched by potential employees. Companies in many sectors have begun in recent years to hire employees through staffing agencies and executive recruiters. This method seems to be advantageous for many companies that do not want a huge human resources department. This document is designed to provide the necessary resources for finding a job in South Africa, whether the job seeker is familiar with the South African job market or just starting out.

ONLINE JOB SITES JobCafé http://www.jobcafe.co.za JobCafé is an Information Technology (IT) career website based in South Africa. There are two main divisions of the JobCafé: the Cappuccino Club and the Mochaccino Club. The Cappuccino Club registers personal details free of charge; then offers the opportunity to select companies to view the information. The Mochaccino Club registers details and, for a small fee, a JobCafé Career Consultant will assist in managing personal career endeavors. This website is in English only. © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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JobNavigator South Africa http://www.jobs.co.za/ Job Navigator is an online job server that allows a job search in their online database. Job seekers can create a CV and use JobNavigator's unique matching technology, which allows them to match the job seeker with ideal jobs. They also provide an email job-alert service, which delivers the latest available job-offers. JobNavigator’s CV Wizard provides a step-by-step process for creating a professional and informative CV, with all the information that the recruiter requires. The CV can be printed, used as a tool to do passive searching of jobs, and then forward to prospective recruiters with one click. Their extensive job database may be searched by sector, category, salary, and/or contract rate. This website is in English only. Personnel Net http://www.pnet.co.za/ Personnel Net is South Africa’s largest employment site, advertising over 130 employment agencies. Each agency is listed on the website. Job seekers can click on the company's name to find out more information about their business and how they can help find a specific career. The Job Search database can be searched by sector, location, category, time-period, and job type (permanent or part-time/contract). One may also enter a CV in the CV storage site. After storing a CV, the job seeker will be able to respond to job advertisements simply by using a CV code and password. There is also the option of being e-mailed when a position of interest becomes available. This is the best site to start with when searching for jobs in South Africa. South Africa Jobsite http://www.southafricajobsite.com/ The international online job server, MegaJobs, powers South Africa Jobsite. MegaJobs provides a database that can be searched by job title, city, keyword, category, and/or company name. It also offers relocation tools, résumé posting, online pre-screening, and a corporate recruiting site. This website is in English only.

GOVERNMENT SPONSORED EMPLOYMENT OFFICES South Africa Department of Labour http://www.labour.gov.za/about/labourcentres.html Labor Centers Labor centers were established to help targeted groups receive training and find jobs. They also serve unemployed people in rural areas to find work in special employment programs. The table below lists addresses for these centers in select towns. Towns Postal Address Telephone Alberton Private Bag x2 011 861 6130 Alexandria P.O. Box 2002 0461 22104 Alice Magistrate office, Alice 0404 32260 Aliwal North P.O. Box 148 0551 2633 Atteridgeville P.O. Box 1884 012 386 5116 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Baberton Private Bag x 1634 013 7123066 Beaufort West P.O. Box 346 0201 3427 Bellville P.O. Box 1789 021 9453827/8 Benoni Private Bag x 1007 011 4219931/5 Bethal Private Bag x 1029 017 647 5212 Bethlehem P.O. Box 1244 058 3035293 Bergvlei P.O. Box 273 011 4447631/4 Bloemfontein P.O. Box 522 051 5056200 Bisho Private Bag x 0031 n/a Boksburg Private Bag x 13 011 9174394-8 Brakpan Private Bag x 007 011 7401436/7/8 Brits P.O. Box 2978 012 2502346/8 Bronkhorstspruit P.O. Box 127 01393 20197/8 Butterworth P.O. Box 127 01212 20197 Calvinia P.O. Box 68 0273 411280 Cape Town P.O. Box 872 021 4605911 Carltonville Private Bag x 2043 018 7883281 Carolina Private Bag x 718 017 8431077 Christiana P.O. Box 558 053 4412120 Cradock P.O. Box 38 0481 3010/3075 De Aar P.O. Box 622 053 6310952 Dundee P.O. Box 445 0341 23147/8 Durban P.O. Box 940 031 3361500 East London Private Bag x 9005 043 7013000 Eerstehoek Private Bag x 1013 017 8831253 Ellisras Private Bag x 695 014 7632162/3 Ermelo Private Bag x 9054 017 8197632 Estcourt P.O. Box 449 036 3522160/1 Evander Private Bag x 1022 017 6322295/6 Empangeni Private Bag x 20033 0351 973121/2 Ga-Mothibi P.O. Box 2467, Mothibistadt 01404 31753 Ga-Rankuwa Private Bag x 1023 01270 32430 George Private Bag x 6545 044 8744179 Germiston Private Bag x 1041 011 8204400 Giyani Private Bag x 9682 0158 23171 Graaff Reinet P.O. Box 342 0491 22142/22154 Grahamstown P.O. Box 2002 0461 22104/22192 Groblersdal Private Bag x 8679 013 2622983/3150 Harrismith P.O. Box 748 05861 32977/21869 Hewu n/a n/a Johannesburg P.O. Box 4560 011 4973000 Kamhluswa n/a n/a Kempton Park P.O. Box 686 011 9759301 Kimberley Private Bag x 5012 053 8381500 King Williams Town P.O. Box 260 0433 22049 Klerksdorp P.O. Box 461 018 4625564/9 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Knysna P.O. Box 452 0445 23146/7 Koffiefontein P.O. Box 65 053 2050298/266 Kokstad P.O. Box 260 037 7272140 Komatipoort Private Bag x 560 1340 7907234 Kroonstad P.O. Box 437 0562 24471/51812 Krugersdorp Private Bag x 1003, Luipaardsvlei 011 9554420/4 Kuruman P.O. Box 2467 053 7123952 Kwamhlanga Private Bag x4016 013 9472484 Ladybrand P.O. Box 17 05191 2377 Ladysmith Private Bag x 9926 036 23461 Lebowakgomo Private Bag x 69 015 6336729 Lichtenburg P.O. Box 1162 01863 24779 Louis Trichardt Private Bag x 2434 015 5160207 Luipaardsvlei Private Bag x 1003 011 9854421 Lusikisiki n/a n/a Lydenburg Private Bag x 20081 013 2352368/9 Mafikeng Private Bag x 2154 018 38110/1 Mamelodi P.O. Box 69 012 8055090 Mdantsane Private Bag x 19 0403 611391 Middelburg Private Bag x 251833 013 2826153/4 Mitchell's Plain P.O. Box 205 021 324111/2 Mmabatho Private Bag x 2040 018 3842033 Mogwase Private Bag x 1023 01455 55635 Mosselbay P.O. Box 2538 04441 911140/1 Nelspruit Private Bag x 11298 013 7532844/5/6 New Canada P.O. Box 4560 011 474268/67 Newcastle P.O. Box 985 03431 26038 Nigel P.O. Box 214 011 8147095/6/7 Nylstroom Private Bag x 1006 01471 71046/7/8 Omnia Centrum P.O. Box 4560 011 3310611 Oudshoorn P.O. Box 336 0442 724370 Paarl P.O. Box 24 021 8722020 Parys Private Bag x 11 0568 3043 Phalaborwa Private Bag x 01042 01042 85114/5/6 Phuthatditjhaba Private Bag x 27 058 7130378 Piet Retief Private Bag x 34 017 8251883/4 Pietermaritzburg Private Bag x 9048 0331 429361 Pietersburg Private Bag x 9368 015 2973586/7/8 Pinetown P.O. Box 1025 031 7005020 Port Elizabeth Private Bag x 6045 041 556255 Port Shepstone P.O. Box 379 039 6822406 Postmansburg P.O. Box 774 053 3130641/2 Potchefstroom P.O. Box 1001 018 2975100 Potgietresrus Private Bag x 2459 0154 3297/8 Practical Business School Private Bag x 088, Vereeniging 016 881322-5 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Pretoria P.O. Box 393 012 3095000 Prospecton P.O. Box 343 031 9021590/1/2 Queenstown P.O. Box 323 0451 81562 Ranfontein P.O. Box 63 011 6933650 Richards Bay Private Bag x 20033 0351 973121/2/3 Richmond P.O. Box 852 033 2122768 Roodepoort P.O. Box 485 011 881326 Rustenburg P.O. Box 262 01459 28214/8 Sabie Private Bag x 523 013 7642105/6 Sandton P.O. Box 273 011 4447631/4 Sasolburg P.O. Box 473 016 762192 Sebokeng Private Bag x 054, Vereeniging 016 881322/3 Somerset West P.O. Box 404 021 8522535 Soshanguve Private Bag x 8 012 7997395 Springbok P.O. Box 510 027 7181058 Springs P.O. Box 931 011 3626636 Standerton Private Bag x 2001 017 7121351 Stanger P.O. Box 138 032 5514291/2 Taung P.O. Box 518 01405 41710 Temba P.O. Box 2022, Hammanskraal 01271 77059/61 Thaba'nchu P.O. Box 963 051 8752740 Thohoyandou Private Bag x 5025 0159 824073 Tzaneen Private Bag x 4049 0152 3071197/8 Uitenhage P.O. Box 562 041 9924627 Ulundi Private Bag x 56 0358 791439 Umbogintwini P.O. Box 343 031 9021590 Umtata Private Bag x 5080 0471 26492 Upington P.O. Box 476 054 3311752 Vanderbijlpark Private Bag x 054 016 9810280/1/2 Vereeniging Private Bag x 054 016 4221061 Verulam P.O. Box 1144 0322 335050/1 Volksrust Private Bag x 9023 01773 52994 Vredenburg Private Bag x 16 02271 31952 Vryburg P.O. Box 1822 0539 5221/3809 Vryheid P.O. Box 430 0381 808992 Wadeville P.O. Box 14235 011 9021077 Welkom P.O. Box 463 057 3526265/6/7/8 Witbank Private Bag x 7263 013 6558700 Worcester P.O. Box 227 0231 73345 Wynberg P.O. Box 872 021 7614136/7 Zastron P.O. Box 325 051 6731471


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JOB FAIRS / CAREER EVENTS Alpha International Employment http://www.alphainternational.com Alpha International Employment sponsors job fairs in London, the United States, the Philippines, and South Africa. Their next job fair is in South Africa in October 28-29, 2001 at the Michelangelo (Legacy Hotels and Resorts) in Johannesburg. For more information and to register, visit their website, or contact: Alpha International Employment 3540 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 416 Los Angeles, CA 90010 USA Tel: 213-383-0938 Fax: 213-383-0928 South African Information Technology Job Fairs http://www.cca.com.au/safrica.html Computer Consultants International sponsors South African Information Technology Job Fairs. A list of upcoming job fairs at their website or e-mail them at [email protected]. Johannesburg Cape Town Friday, October 30, 2001 Sunday, November 1, 2001 Holiday Inn Crown Plaza Portswood Hotel Cnr Rivonia Street & Grayston Drive Portswood Road Sandton 2146 Victoria & Alfred Waterfront South Africa Cape Town 8001, South Africa Tel: 11-783 5262 Tel: 21-780 5000

STAFFING AGENCIES / TEMPORARY HELP FIRMS Personnel Net http://www.pnet.co.za/ Personnel Net is South Africa’s largest employment site, advertising over 130 employment agencies with offices in South Africa. Each agency is listed on this website. The site allows job seekers to click on the company's name for information about their business and how they can help locate a specific career. This website is the best way to find the ideal employment agency.

EXECUTIVE RECRUITERS & SEARCH FIRMS AMSCO Executive Recruitment http://www.amsco.org/ This website is home to the African Management Services Company (AMSCO) which was established in 1989 as a joint initiative of the United Nations Development © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Program, the African Development Bank, and the International Finance Corporation. Its stated objective is to “assist in improving the competitiveness of African companies to bring them up to international standards. Its clients include African and joint-venture companies wishing to expand and/or further improve their quality; companies in the process of rehabilitation; and (para) statal companies in the process of privatisation.” Friedman Building Hogehilweg 4, 1101 CC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Tel: 31-20-573-6185, 31-20-5736160 Fax: 31-20-664-2959 E-mail: [email protected] Atlantic Research Technologies, L.L.C. (ART) http://www.atlanticresearch.com/ ART provides strategic executive searches and management recruitment worldwide. They consider themselves to be a “virtually local recruiting firm” and provide recruitment options to people in the industrial and high-technology employment sectors on a worldwide basis. Their website is extremely comprehensive and very thorough. There is no address or contact information, however, other than online forms or e-mail. DAV Professional Placement Group http://www.dav.co.za DAV is renowned for its professionalism and obsession with quality, being able to draw on 25 years experience in the recruitment industry. "We specialize in diverse niche markets including IT, Engineering, Investment, Executive Office Support and German and Foreign languages." DAV Professional Placement Group 79 Oxford Road P.O. Box 1256 Saxonwold, 2132 Johannesburg Tel: 27-11-486-3656 Fax: 27-11-486-3720 E-mail: [email protected] EMDS Africa Managers http://www.emdsnet.com/ EMDS recruits managers worldwide and holds recruitment forums for all regions of the world. Visit this site to see the recent listings of managerial opportunities in Africa. Grafton Recruitment Africa http://www.grafton-group.com/safrica/index.html © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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This recruitment company provides employment opportunities in several fields, including accounting/finance, sales/marketing, banking/finance, computing/IT, and engineering, among others. Jobs can be searched by job category, geographic location, salary, or a combination. Grafton Recruitment Africa 3rd floor, NW Tower The Piazza Jan Smuts Avenue, Randburg Johannesburg Tel: 27-11-789-9591 Fax: 27-11-789-9502 E-mail: [email protected] Hampton Consultancy http://www.hampton.co.za/ This recruiting firm matches IT personnel with job vacancies in South Africa. A list of job announcements and descriptions is provided, along with the necessary application criteria. Contact telephone numbers and names are given for each job that is listed. Tel: 27-11-803-5651 E-mail: [email protected]

NEWSPAPERS THAT PUBLISH JOB ADVERTISEMENTS Cape Argus http://www.iol.co.za/ Cape Argus is Cape Town’s largest circulating daily newspaper. It provides an extensive classified market with a circulation of 283,000 readers. The Sunday Argus has an extensive classified section. Cape Argus is part of Independent Online, which carries news from the 14 titles of the Independent News and Media group. The above referenced website links job seekers with Independent News & Media’s newspapers including Cape Argus. Independent Online provides job advertisements in its classified section. Cape Argus P.O. Box 56 Cape Town 8000 Tel: 27-21-488-4559 E-mail: [email protected]


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Daily Mail & Guardian http://www.mg.co.za The Daily Mail & Guardian is a South African newspaper, published each Friday morning. Its extensive website covers many of the same topics as the newspaper plus a job search site. This website is in English only. Daily Mail & Guardian P.O. Box 91667 Auckland Park Johannesburg, 2006 Tel: 27-11-727-7000 Fax: 27-11-727-7111 E-mail: [email protected]

OTHER RESOURCES Networking Organizations The information for the following three groups is from “The Global List of Women’s Organizations” and is to be credited to: Denise Osted, Ruigezandplantsoen 4 6835 AM ARNHEM, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] Women'sNet http://www.womensnet.org.za Women'sNet, a project designed to enable South African women to use the Internet to find the people, issues, resources, tools and skills they need. Created by women, for women. Women’sNet – SANGONeT 13th Floor, Longsbank Building 187 Bree Street Johannesburg, 2000 or P.O. Box 31 Johannesburg 2000 Tel: 27-11-838-6943, ext. 4 Fax: 27-11-492-1058 E-mail: [email protected] National Federation Business and Professional Women of South Africa http://home.intekom.com/bpwsa The International Federation of Business & Professional Women has clubs in over 108 countries world-wide. BPW South Africa is affiliated to the International Federation of Business & Professional Women, one of the most influential organizations in the world. Established in 1930 in the United States of America with © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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the S.A. Federation established in 1948. It is recognized at the United Nations Organization and as a Non-Governmental Organization, has consultative status (Category 1) at the UN Economic & Social Council (ECOSOC), the UN Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization (UNESCO) the International Labor Organization (ILO), the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO). National Federation Business and Professional Women of South Africa P.O. Box 2937 George 6530 E-mail: [email protected] South African Association of University Women Women, Community, Research P.O. Box 6 Woodlands Parks Rondebosch 7700 Tel: 27-11-689-3458


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EMPLOYMENT TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES GENERAL TRENDS Economists predict an upbeat South African economy in the next few years, accompanied by a stable socio-political environment and a vigorous South African Government, which will be addressing the issues of privatization and deregulation, while maintaining the long-term goal of making the country more investor-friendly. These anticipated changes bode well for businesses seeking trading, investment and joint venture opportunities in South Africa. The most promising areas for increased exports and investment in South Africa include the sectors of IT, particularly Internet-related software and services; telecommunication equipment and services; security and safety equipment; managed health care; e-commerce; airports; cosmetics and hair care products; air pollution and waste management technologies; tourism; infrastructure, as well as project finance and management. As new ideas and technologies are embraced in partnership with overseas companies, South Africa will continue to serve as an attractive destination for exports, foreign investment, and joint ventures. Although the future economic climate appears to be strong, unemployment is still high. The government agency, Statistics South Africa, has revealed that unemployment rose from 36.3% in 1999 to 37.3% in 2000. Even the 'official' figures, which exclude so-called "discouraged job seekers," show a rise from 23.3% to 26.7%, according to the statistics agency. According to studies of the labor market in South Africa, there has been a 15% loss in formal sector jobs over the last ten years. Nevertheless the potential underestimation of future demand is indicated by evidence that graduate unemployment is only 2.9%, which is conventionally regarded as full employment (HSRC, 2000). The employment potential of graduates, and therefore high-level skilled labor, has not reached its peak.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY South Africa’s information technology sector is growing rapidly. As of 1998 the South African IT market was the twentieth largest in the world, contributing 0.6% to worldwide IT revenues. It is said that South Africa is one of the top ten emerging markets that are currently being targeted by major international computer companies. The IT industry is overwhelmingly dominated by young people; more than half are under the age of 30 and nearly three quarters are under 35. A sizeable chunk of them (43%) have been in IT for less than five years. It is estimated that there were 25,000 IT professionals working in South Africa in 1995, which translates into only 4.9 professionals per 1,000 of the workforce. Despite this small number, growth in the number of IT professionals over the last five years has been strong. In fact, at six © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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percent, the growth rate is almost four times that of all other professions. Growth in the profession has been driven by strong demand for professional skills in the industry. This growth is based on a ten percent per annum real growth in IT spending during the 1990’s, which is mainly a symptom of increasing computerization rather than economic growth. The labor market has responded well to this demand for IT skills because of the good employment opportunities and salary premiums compared to other professions; the low barriers to entry (i.e., no specific degree requirements and low initial training requirements); and the relatively short training period (for programmers it may be only a few months). However, despite the rapid growth in IT professionals, there still exists a shortage of such skills in South Africa. This shortage can be seen from the salary premiums paid in relation to other professions, the much more rapid career progression, high vacancy rates and high staff turnover. Still, nearly a quarter have no post matriculation qualifications. Post-matric qualifications include tertiary education as well as any certificates or diplomas undertaken since leaving school. The following is a list of the top ten IT careers in South Africa: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Developer/programmer Analyst programmer Oracle consultant Application development Internet programmer IT sales executive Data warehousing specialist ERP consultant Systems analyst Account manager

The Computer Programmer working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 279,928 ZAR (Rand) or $33,146.92 U.S. dollars (USD) and 50% of those in this position would earn between 234,663 ZAR ($27,789.60 USD) and 337,005 ZAR ($39,909.29 USD). The Systems Analyst working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 299,647 ZAR ($35,485.23 USD) and 50% of those in this position would earn between 227,162 ZAR ($26,905.62 USD) and 363,082 ZAR ($43,009.84 USD). Certification / Education Requirements Many companies or institutions train employees for a specific job by offering courses for which the employee can then become certified. Sometimes employees take the initiative by enrolling in classes in order to receive a certificate. With this documentation they can apply for IT-related jobs, not necessarily in the same discipline for which they are certified. © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Initial training may later be supplemented by attending a university to receive a diploma or a degree. There are two main streams of diploma- or degree-holding technologists working in South Africa's IT community: those with commercially based training and those trained on a more scientific level. A number of professionals come from an engineering background. To accommodate the growth in this sector, computer-engineering degree programs are beginning to emerge nationwide. New, customized degree programs have been developed where students spend their senior year in a corporate environment for hands-on experience and learning. This effort will lead to the development of IT managers. Information Technology Users Council (ITUC) The ITUC is an organization that is enmeshed in the growth, structuring, and restructuring of South Africa’s information and communications technology infrastructure. They are involved in increasing the electronic network in South Africa to promote economic development in the high-tech industries. Information Technology Users Council P.O. Box 1688 Halfway House 1685 Tel: 27-11-805-3151, 3152 Fax: 27-11-315-7341 E-mail: [email protected] Organizations / Trade Associations Information Technology Association South Africa (ITA) http://www.ita.org.za/ The Information Technology Association is the official trade and employer body of the Information Technology Industry in South Africa. It represents over 250 companies including those concerned with the supply of information technology equipment, systems, software and services throughout South Africa. The ITA operates special interest and task groups. Information Technology Association of South Africa 355 Pretoria Ave Femdale Randburg Tel: 27-11-789-3805 Fax: 27-11-789-3327 Post and Telecom Association of South Africa (P&T) The Post and Telecom Association represents telecommunications and post office workers in South Africa. Tel: 27-11-725-5454 Fax: 27-11-725-6540 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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E-mail: [email protected] Labor Unions South African Communications Union (SACU) South African Communications Union (SACU) represents 43% of staff of the largest communications organization in South Africa, Telkom, with over 10,000 members. Tel: 27-12-323 7819 Fax: 27-12-326 8100 E-mail: [email protected] Publications Periodicals Communication News Communication News is a monthly newspaper in English covering the telecommunications industry in South Africa, especially the Internet, satellite, cellular and fixed network news. Communication News What Media Publishing Pty Ltd. Postnet Ste 367, Private Bag X6, Benmore 2010 Johannesburg Tel: 27-11-784-0655 Fax: 27-11-784-0657 E-mail: [email protected] Computing SA Computing SA is published weekly in English, covering broad topics in computing. ISSN: 0254-2196 Computing SA, T.M.L. Business Publishing P.O. Box 182 Pinegowrie Gauteng 2123 Tel: 27-11-789-2144 Fax: 27-11-789-3196 On the Internet http://www.oti.co.za On the Internet is a print publication covering Internet, hardware, and software topics. It includes information about e-commerce, new technologies, games, security, a technical forum to help readers address common problems, cartoons, and other topics. Camdell Publishing P.O. Box 36303 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Glosderry 7702 E-mail: [email protected] SA Computer http://www.sacm.co.za SA Computer is available online or in print. It includes feature articles about computer related topics, hardware and software reviews, news, special offers, and an online forum for related discussions. SA Computer P.O. Box 546 Constantia 7848 Tel: 27-21-715-7134 Fax: 27-21-715-3873 Other Resources Communication Workers Union (CWU) The CWU represents the interests of about 40% of the large communications organization, Telkom, and Post Office workers in South Africa. It has 36,000 members. Communication Workers Union P.O. Box 10248 Johannesburg, 2000 2nd Floor, 14 New South Gandhi Square, Johannesburg Tel: 27-11-838-8188 Fax: 27-11-838-8727 E-mail: [email protected]

ENGINEERING The engineering industry in South Africa is large, sophisticated, and extremely versatile. Engineers are a major part of the steel and iron industries, the motor industry, the mining and quarrying industries, and the construction industry. Understanding the general employment trends in engineering requires an understanding of these four areas. South African steel producers have improved their output potential in recent years by modernizing and upgrading existing plants to the point where the South African steel industry is now more modern and technologically advanced than most in the industrialized world. South African steel mills produced 7.6 million tons of crude steel in 1998, which makes it the 21st largest steel-producing nation. This was about a nine percent drop from 1997. It is by far the largest in Africa, producing 63% of the continent's steel. Much of the production is exported, and South Africa is the seventh largest exporter of raw steel. © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Despite these promising figures in the steel industry, employment figures have been rapidly decreasing. Since 1998, approximately 14,000 jobs were lost in the steel industry. The Steel and Engineering Industries Federation of South Africa (SEIFSA) says that job losses are taking place because of re-engineering, technological changes, and the restructuring of companies. Mining contributes about eight percent to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and just under 50% of export earnings, increasing to two-thirds when processed minerals products are included. South Africa is the world’s largest producer of gold, platinum group metals, vanadium and alumino-silicates, as well as being among the world’s top five producers of antimony, chromite, diamonds, ferrochrome, ferromanganese, fluorspar, manganese, titanium, vermiculite and zirconium. The country is also a major producer and exporter of bituminous coal, cobalt, nickel and granite. Iron ore is exported through Saldanho, in the West Coast of West Cape. In the last few years, however, employment levels have been reduced by almost a third, especially in the gold mining sector. Workers continue to be retrenched as marginal profit-making mines are forced into closure and sell-off. The mining and quarrying industry lost 29,851 employees (6.7%) in 2000 and 2,781 (0.7%) from March to June 2001, mainly because of the retrenchment of employees in the non-gold industries. A devastating loss of more than 2,000 jobs a month in South Africa's metal industry is the cost of the industry's move to become globally competitive. In 2000, 32,500 jobs were lost in the assembly industry; 39,500 in the component industry; 9,100 in the tire industry; and 175,000 in the motor trade. Since 1987, 200,000 jobs were lost in the metal industry. In April 2001 alone, nearly 1,000 workers were laid off in the motor industry. A total of 12,456 fewer employees (5.4%) worked in the construction industry in June 2000, compared to a year earlier. This change was mainly due to the completion of contracts and the loss of employees, especially those engaged in the building of complete constructions or parts thereof, civil engineering, and site preparation. The Software Engineer working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 342,002 ZAR or $40,512.75 USD and 50% of those in this position would earn between 230,578 ZAR ($27,315.69 USD) and 418,131 ZAR ($49,528.19 USD). The Engineering Manager working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 463,428 ZAR ($54,893.68 USD) and 50% of those in this position would earn between 377,184 ZAR ($44,677.31 USD) and 544,389 ZAR ($64,479.33 USD). Certification / Education Requirements Engineering covers a wide range of skills and knowledge and this necessitates specialization. Most people are familiar with the chemical, electrical, mechanical, civil and mining engineering disciplines, but there are others, such as geological, © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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industrial, metallurgical and mineral processing, that require additional specialized training and education. There are two main routes that can be followed to become an engineer. The different branches of engineering can be studied at certain universities (i.e., technikons) with either route leading to the same level of professionalism. Many companies will employ persons who wish to study at a technikon as trainees. While earning a salary, they will also receive practical training with the company while completing their theoretical studies at the technikon. Some companies offer bursaries to outstanding technikon students to continue their studies at a university. When completing the post-graduate period of training, mining, electrical and mechanical engineers (but not metallurgical, chemical or civil engineers) must pass the Government Certificate of Competency before they can engage in certain areas of responsibility. Engineers can obtain professional registration at this point in their career. From time to time, the Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA) has to consider applications from persons wishing to become registered as professional engineers in South Africa. These applicants usually do not hold recognized degrees and are required to sit for an oral examination. Two further requirements are that applicants should be registered either as professional technologists (engineering) or as registered certificated engineers and that they should have performed work of an acceptable engineering nature for a period of 20 years. ECSA also regularly evaluates academic qualifications of applicants who are in possession of foreign qualifications. These applicants are invited to a personal interview to determine the level at which a particular degree was awarded by the university concerned and to determine whether it meets ECSA’s educational requirements. These evaluations can be quite time consuming. Consequently, the Engineers Mobility Forum (EMF) was established to standardize technical qualifications for engineers in various fields. EMF members recognize each other’s standards when certifying member country candidates. Member organizations include: Canadian Council of Professional Engineers (CCPE); Hong Kong Institution of Engineers (HKIE); Institution of Engineers, Australia (IEAust); Institution of Engineers of Ireland (IEI); Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (IPENZ); Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA); Engineering Council of the United Kingdom (EC); United States Council for International Engineering Practice (USCIEP); Japan Consulting Engineers Association; and Federation of European National Engineering Associations (FEANI). Organizations / Trade Associations Constructional Engineering Association (South Africa) The Constructional Engineering Association consists of employers involved in producing rolled steel sections and plate (less than 3 mm in thickness), including the assembly of engineering plants and their repair. © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Constructional Engineering Association (South Africa) P.O. Box 1338 Johannesburg 2000 Tel: 27-11-833-6033 Fax: 27-11-838-1522 Electrical Engineering and Allied Industries’ Association http://www.eeaia.co.za/ This association is for employers involved in the manufacture of electrical equipment including generators, motors, converters, switch and control gear (e.g., relays, contactors, electrical instruments and equipment associated therewith), and others. Electrical Engineering and Allied Industries’ Association Metal Industries House 42 Anderson Street Johannesburg or P.O. Box 1338 Johannesburg 2000 Tel: 27-11-833-6033 Fax: 27-11-838-1522 E-mail: [email protected] Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA) http://www.ecsa.co.za The Engineering Council of South Africa is the independent regulatory body of South African engineers. The role of ECSA is to promote the safety, health, and interests of the public in relation to the engineering work. The ECSA also promotes professional conduct of registered practitioners. ECSA Postal: Private Bag X691 Office: 1st Floor BRUMA Waterview Corner Building South Jonhannesburg 2026 2 Ernest Oppenheimer Avenue Bruma Lake Office Park E-mail: [email protected] Bruma Johannesburg 2198 Tel: 27-11-622-9011 Fax: 27-11-622-9295 The South African Institution of Mechanical Engineering (SAIMechE) http://www.saimeche.org.za/ Membership in this association offers technical seminars and workshops, including technical paper presentations. It also offers social functions and interaction with peers. SAIMechE produces monthly and quarterly publications for its members. The South African Institution of Mechanical Engineering © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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P.O. Box 6562 1711 Ansfrere Tel: 27-11-679-2661 Fax: 27-11-679-2654 E-mail: [email protected] SA Reinforced Concrete Engineers’ Association http://www.sarcea.buildlink.co.za/ SARCEA was formed in October 1942 "to promote the interests of its members, to encourage fair and equitable trading conditions and to establish optimum standards of design, workmanship and service in order to preserve the good name of the Reinforcing Steel Industry." AS Reinforced Concrete Engineers’ Association Portland Park P.O. Box 1408 Halfway House, 1685 Midrand, South Africa Tel: 27-11-805-8100 Fax: 27-11-805-7795 E-mail: [email protected] The Steel and Engineering Industries Federation of South Africa (SEIFSA) http://www.tecnet.co.za/seifsa/ SEIFSA is one of South Africa’s largest employers and consists of 41 independent associations representing more than 200,000 workers. The Steel and Engineering Industries Federation of South Africa Metal Industries House 42 Anderson Street Johannesburg 2001 or P.O. Box 1338 Johannesburg 2000 Tel: 27-11-833-6033 Fax: 27-11-838-1522 Labor Unions There are no sector specific unions for engineers. Engineers that wish to join a union join an industry-specific union such as the following: The National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa (NUMSA) http://www.numsa.org.za NUMSA’s primary activity is collective bargaining with employers on behalf of metal workers in South Africa. However, there are other key areas of activity such as training, and industry news. The National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa 7th Floor Traduna House © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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16 Jetty Street Port Elizabeth, 6001 Tel: 27-04-155-6632 Fax: 2704-155-6661 National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) http://www.num.org.za/ NUM is the largest collective bargaining organization representing workers in the mining, energy and construction industries in South Africa. #7, Rissik St. P.O. Box 2424 Johannesburg 2000 Tel: 27-11-377-2000 Fax: 27-11-836-6051 E-mail: [email protected] Publications Periodicals Elektron http://www.saiee.org.za/ Published eleven times a year, Electron, Journal of the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers (SAIEE), is a technical journal serving the electronic engineering community of South Africa and SAIEE members. It is published in English and Afrikaans. ISSN: 0255- 8637 South African Institute of Electrical Engineers P.O. Box 93541, Yeoville Johannesburg, 2143 Tel: 27-11-487-3003 Fax: 27-11-487-3002 E-mail: [email protected] Agricultural Engineering in South Africa Agricultural Engineering in South Africa is a publication produced by the South African Institute of Agricultural Engineers (SAIAE) in both English and Afrikaans. This publication covers scientific and semi-scientific papers on applied engineering including agricultural equipment, irrigation, soil and water engineering, and animal housing. ISSN: 0379-6604 Agricultural Engineering in South Africa P.O. Box 912 719 Silverton Pretoria 0127 E-mail: [email protected] Civil Engineering and Building Contractor http://www.brookepattrick.co.za/civil.html © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Civil Engineering and Building Contractor is published in English 11 times a year and contains information on equipment, machinery, and instruments used in the field. It also contains articles related to the industry and worldwide projects. The Civil Engineering & Building Contractor Brooke Pattrick Publications P.O. Box 422, Bedfordview Transvaal, 2008 Tel: 27-11-622-4666 Fax: 27-11-616-7196 E-mail: [email protected] South African Mechanical Engineer http://www.tecnet.co.za/mags/mol/ Published 11 times a year since 1951, South African Mechanical Engineer includes articles of interest to mechanical engineers in South Africa. It is published in English and also includes trade literature, advertising, and book reviews. ISSN: 0038-2442 South African Mechanical Engineer, TECNET P.O. BOX 373 Pinegowrie, 2123 Tel: 27-11-781-1401 Fax: 27-11-781-1403 E-mail: [email protected] Urban Management Urban Management is an engineering journal covering issues including planning, economic, social, and environmental outcomes. It is published bi-monthly in English. It also includes advertising and illustrations. ISSN: 1027-4758 Urban Management Brooke Pattrick Publications P.O. Box 422, Bedfordview Transvaal 2008 Tel: 27-11-622-4666 Fax: 27-11-616-7196 E-mail: [email protected] Other Resources TecNet http://www.tecnet.co.za/ TecNet is an Internet directory for Southern Africa. The TecNet website provides engineering related news and links to engineering associations in South Africa. TecNet P.O. Box 373 Pinegowrie 2123 Tel: 27-11-781-1401 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Fax: 27-11-781-1403 E-mail: [email protected]

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE South Africa has a sophisticated financial structure with a large and active stock exchange that ranks 18th in the world in terms of total market capitalization. Assets held in the banking sector have expanded from 39 billion ZAR in 1980 to 540 billion ZAR in 1998. As of October 1999, the financial sector employed 9.1% of employed people in South Africa. According to the Over Demand Index, which indicates the degree to which employer's demand for specific job categories outstrips the availability of people with those skills in the market, the following were the top four finance and accounting related jobs: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Chartered Accountant Insurance Consulting Auditing

An annual decrease of 9,449 employees (4.6%) and a quarterly decrease of 1,431 (0.7%) were recorded in the financial institutions industry. The latter primarily resulted from the retrenchment of employees by banking institutions. The Accountant working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 233,639 ZAR or $27,673.02 USD and 50% of those in this position would earn between 179,598 ZAR ($21,271.33 USD) and 277,773 ZAR ($32,899.03 USD). The Financial Analyst working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 308,077 ZAR ($36,486.98 USD) and 50% of those in this position would earn between 211,526 ZAR ($25,052.00 USD) and 386,791 ZAR ($45,809.45 USD). Certification / Education Requirements Entrance to Professions There are several professional accountancy bodies in South Africa including: ABASA (the Association for the Advancement of Black Accountants of Southern Africa), ACCA (the Chartered Association of Certified Accountants), CFA (The Institute of Commercial and Financial Accountants of Southern Africa), CIMA (The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants), and SAICA (The South African Institute of Chartered Accountants) who award the designation CA(SA) and AGA(SA). General Accountant, the AGA(SA): In order to achieve the AGA(SA) or the CFA(SA) status, it is necessary to register for the BCom General Accountant exam. © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Chartered Accountant: Persons with the CA (SA) usually hold a BCom (three years) or BBusSc (four years) bachelor’s degree. This study is typically followed by a one year Postgraduate Diploma in Accounting (PGDA). A PGDA from an accredited university is a prerequisite to write Part I of the CA (SA) Qualifying Examination. Successful completion of Part I is the educational prerequisite for the specialist examination, which is offered in either Auditing or Financial Management. Internal Auditor Persons interested in auditing can also join the Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) which serves more than 60,000 members in internal auditing, governance, and internal control, IT audit, education, and security from over 100 countries. It offers certification, education, research, and technological guidance. A minimum of a bachelor’s degree is required. For additional information, please contact: IIA South Africa P.O. Box 2290 Bedfordview, 2008 Tel: 27-11-450-1040, 1041 Fax: 27-11-450-1070 E-mail: [email protected] Organizations / Trade Associations Insurance and Banking Staff Association (IBSA) This collective bargaining association was established to represent its 10,000 members. Tel: 27-11-339-2858 Fax: 27-11-339-6446 E-mail: [email protected] Labor Unions South African Society of Banking Officials (SASBO) The Finance Union SASBO is a union of banking officials that represents them in collective bargaining processes. SASBO acts to protect jobs in the banking industry. South African Society of Banking Officials Private Bag X 84 Bryanston 2021 or Building No 1 Fourmall Office Park West Percy Street, Fourways Johannesburg Tel: 27-11-467-0192 Fax: 27-11-467-0188 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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E-mail: [email protected] Publications Periodicals Accountancy SA Accountancy SA includes articles and features of a broad accounting, financial, and business nature. It is published monthly in English and Afrikaans. ISSN: 0258-7254 Accountancy SA South African Institute of Chartered Accountants P.O. Box 59875, Kengray Johannesburg 2100 Tel: 27-11-622-6655 Fax: 27-11-622-3321 E-mail: [email protected] Financial Mail http://www.fm.co.za Published weekly in English, the Financial Mail is a newspaper that covers the economy and financial markets, companies and investment, business and current affairs in South Africa and the world. ISSN: 0015-2013 Financial Mail Times Media Limited P.O. Box 1746 Saxonwold Johannesburg 2133 Tel: 27-11-280-3000 Fax: 27-11-280-3773 E-mail: [email protected] Other Resources Financial Institutions in South Africa: Financial Investment & Risk Management http://www.ingrambook.com Published in 1993, this resource details banking law and investments, capital markets, and finance in South Africa. Author: M. V. Kelly, ISBN: 0702127701 Juta & Co Ltd (December 1993) Available through Ingram Book Company Financial Institutions in South Africa: Financial Investment & Risk Management 1 Ingram Blvd. P.O. Box 3006 La Vergne, TN 37086-1986, USA Toll Free: 800-937-8000 Toll Free Fax: 800-876-0186 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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SALES AND MARKETING According to the Over Demand Index, the degree to which employers' demands for specific job categories outstrips the availability of people with those skills in the market suggests that the following are the top sales/marketing jobs in South Africa: 1. 2.

Research Analyst Marketing Manager

The Marketing Manager working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 338,819 ZAR or $40,127.90 USD and 50% of those in this position would earn between 229,787 ZAR ($27,211.82 USD) and 428,504 ZAR ($50,739.92 USD). The Sales Area Manager working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 300,784 ZAR ($35,618.48 USD) and 50% of those in this position would earn between 200,503 ZAR ($23,743.33 USD) and 355,586 ZAR ($42,110.07 USD). Certification / Education Requirements Prior employment in the Sales and Marketing industry typically comes after a postsecondary education specializing in marketing or general business management. For a foreigner, having prior experience in the field is a key to breaking into the industry in South Africa. Licensing and certification available through various associations and organizations can be useful. The Institute for Market Management (IMM) has begun taking small steps to examine the need for more specific requirements this field. It has begun a program to certify professionals with “Chartered Marketer” status. This status is intended to distinguish marketing professionals as exemplary models who are changing the course of business in southern Africa. This recognition is meant to elevate professional status of sales and marketing individuals and perpetuate excellence in the broader market. Although currently, this is a new concept, it is expected that in time this designation will attract valued competition in the field. The IMM promotes Chartered Marketer status as a prestigious designation, to its own members and other stakeholders in the market. Institute for Market Management (IMM) http://www.imm.co.za/default.asp National Office IMM Marketing House 2 Hermitage Terrace Richmond, 2092 Or P.O. Box 91820 Auckland Park 2006 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Tel: 27-11-482-1419 Fax: 27-11-726-3679 E-mail: [email protected] Organizations / Trade Associations Advertising Standards Authority of South Africa (ASA) The ASA is an independent body established by the advertising industry to ensure that its system of self-regulation works in the public interest. It has no website, but can be reached via e-mail. Advertising Standards Authority of South Africa P.O. Box 41555 Craighall Johannesburg 2024 Tel: 27-11-781-2006 Fax: 27-11-781-1616 E-mail: [email protected] Association of Advertising Agencies (AAA) The AAA is the body that represents the advertising agencies in South Africa. Its members are responsible for the production of the bulk of all advertising appearing in South Africa. Association of Advertising Agencies P.O. Box 98859 Sloane Park Johannesburg 2152 Tel: 27-11-706-1633 Fax: 27-11-706-4151 E-mail: [email protected] Association of Marketers (ASOM) The aim of this organization is to represent, protect, and promote the interest of the marketers to assure a market place conducive to entrepreneurship and free enterprise without unnecessary restrictive regulations. Association of Marketers P.O. Box 2289 Parklands Johannesburg 2121 Tel: 27-11-781-2772 Fax: 27-11-781-2796 E-mail: [email protected]


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Professional Sales Association (PSA) The PSA’s mission is to respond to the needs of people actively engaged in selling and sales management. It represents the sales profession at all levels in business in southern Africa. Professional Sales Association Tel: 27-11-482-1419 Fax: 27-11-726-4505 E-mail: [email protected] Southern African Marketing Research Association (SAMRA) http://www.samra.co.za SAMRA is the professional association for members of the marketing research industry. Its primary objectives are to “ensure the maintenance of professional standards, provide members with an educational, information and social forum for the promotion of marketing research, represent the interests of the marketing research profession in the wider society, and promote the professional image and good standing of marketing research in our society.” Southern African Marketing Research Association P.O. Box 91879 Auckland Park 2006 Tel: 27-11-482-1419 Fax: 27-11-482-4609 Labor Unions There are no marketing/sales-specific unions in South Africa. Workers who wish to join a union join a generalized union. Publications Periodicals Advantage Advantage, a monthly trade publication, provides an overview of advertising, marketing, publishing, and the Internet. It is written in English and is only available in print format. ISSN: 1022-6982 Advantage Primedia Publishing P.O. Box 784698 Sandton, Transvaal 2146 Tel: 27-11-884-3857 Books Promotional Strategy: Marketing Communications in Practice http://www.juta.co.za This book addresses six key elements in the promotional mix (advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, direct marketing, public relations and sponsorship). It © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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attempts to combine practice with theory and is best for educational use. Editors: Ludi Koekemoer, Steve Bird ISBN: 0702143707 Publisher: Juta & Co Ltd, December 1998 Other Resources Institute of Marketing Management (IMM) http://www.imm.co.za/ The aim of IMM is to upgrade and uphold the standard of marketing expertise in South Africa. Services offered by IMM include training, staffing, education, and more than 500 marketing and marketing publications. Institute of Marketing Management Marketing House 2 Hermitage Terrace Richmond, 2092 or P.O. Box 91820 Auckland Park 2006 Tel: 27-11-482-1419 Fax: 27-11-726-3679 E-mail: [email protected]

GENERAL BUSINESS General business and consulting trends in South Africa are overlapping with those found primarily in the IT sector. There is no formal category for general business or business consulting. However, the types and amount of consulting are increasing in South Africa. The Management Consultant working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 164,455 ZAR or $19,475.49 USD and 50% of those in this position would earn between 131,564 ZAR ($15,580.39 USD) and 197,346 ZAR ($23,373.47 USD). The Insurance Underwriter working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 248,766 ZAR ($29,463.60 USD) and 50% of those in this position would earn between 172,619 ZAR ($20,446.84 USD) and 305,111 ZAR ($36,143.47 USD). The Banking Customer Service working in South Africa now earns an average salary of 139,306 ZAR ($16,500.78 USD) and 50% of those in this position would earn between 108,422 ZAR ($12,842.57 USD) and 161,623 ZAR ($19,142.31 USD). Certification / Education Requirements Employment in the Management Consulting industry typically requires a postsecondary education specializing in marketing or general business management. © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Relevant experience is also very important. Licensing and certification is available through various associations and organizations and can be useful. International Guild of Certified Management Consultants http://www.igpc.org/cpcnew.htm This international organization provides training that leads to the designation of Certified Professional Consultant. The International Guild of Professional Consultants National Headquarters & Educational Services 5703 Red Bug Lake Road, #403 Winter Springs, FL 32708 Toll Free: 888-894-1029 Fax: 801-912-5291 E-mail: [email protected] Organizations / Trade Associations Black Management Forum (BMF) The BMF represents the interests of black managers who are discriminated against on the basis of color. Black Management Forum P.O. Box 62070 Sandton, 2146 Tel: 27-11-784-4407 Fax: 27-11-784-4644 Business Opportunity Center (BOC) The Business Opportunity Center (BOC) is a non-governmental organization that provides business training and counseling services to previously disadvantaged entrepreneurs. They are not available on the web. Business Opportunity Center P.O. Box 828 Auckland Park 2006 Tel: 27-11-839-2750, 27-11-336 0321 Fax: 27-11-839-1897, 27-11-336 0420 Foundation for African Business & Consumer Services (FABCOS) FABCOS is a black economic empowerment group, which helps the black informal sector to break into the formal sector. This foundation does not have a web presence. Foundation for African Businesses & Consumer Services P.O. Box 8785 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Johannesburg 2000 Tel: 27-11-333-3701 Fax: 27-11-333-1234 National Black Business Caucus (NBBC) The role of the National Black Business Caucus (NBBC) is to serve as a strategic "think tank" and lobbying body on key issues of BEE in South Africa. It also facilitates and services the needs of the black business sector in the country. This foundation does not have a web presence. National Black Business Caucus P.O. Box 1507 Gallo Manor 2052 Tel: 27-11-806-5561, 5544 Fax: 27-11-806-5558 National African Federated Chamber of Commerce & Industries (NAFCOC) NAFCOC’s mission is to promote a free-market system as a means to best achieve a more equitable distribution of wealth in South Africa. In existence for approximately thirty years, it is alternatively referred to as the “black business chamber” and serves to promote black businesses in South Africa. It does not have a website. NAFCOC P.O. Box 61213 Marshalltown 2107 Tel: 27-11-336-0321 Fax: 27-11-336-0420 Small Business Information Network (Ntsika) http://www.ntsika.org.za Ntsika’s mission is to promote and provide support services to small, medium and micro enterprises in order to contribute towards equitable economic growth in South Africa. Small Business Information Network (Ntsika) Tel: 27-12-483-2000 Fax: 27-12-483-2054 E-mail: [email protected] Labor Unions There are no business-specific unions in South Africa. Workers that wish to join a union join a generalized union. Publications Periodicals Business Times http://www.btimes.co.za or www.sundaytimes.co.za/ The Business Times is a weekly business newspaper published in English. It contains information on technology, trade, legal, money, labor, and companies. © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Tel: 27-11-280-5200 Fax: 27-11-280-5225 E-mail: [email protected] Professional Management Review http://www.fast.co.za/pmr/ The Professional Management Review presents information on business and management issues affecting South Africa and the region. It is published in English. P M R cc P.O. Box 1200 Parklands Johannesburg 2121 Tel: 27-11-880-4720 Fax: 27-11-880-4724 E-mail: [email protected] SAIMAS News ISSN: 1026-6550 SAIMAS News presents information in English on the “enhancement, practice, and development of management services methodologies and techniques. South African Institute of Management Services, SAIMAS News P.O. Box 693 Pretoria 0001 Tel: 27-12-318-5797 Fax: 27-12-318-5797 E-mail: [email protected] South African Journal of Business Management ISSN: 0378-9098 The South African Journal of Business Management offers useful articles for business practice in South Africa. It is published in English. South African Bureau for Scientific Publications Tel: 2712-322 6404 Fax: 2712-320 7803 E-mail: [email protected]


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Other Resources Fundamentals of Public Personnel Management http://www.isbs.com/ This book provides guidance on the “effective management of public personnel to practitioners, academics and students.” Written for a wide audience, ranging from students to practitioners to academics, it offers guidance on personnel management. Editors: J. Cheminais, G. Van Der Waldt, M.S. Bayat, W. Fox ISBN: 0702143790 Publisher: International Specialized Book Services, June 1998 Fundamentals of Public Personnel Management 5824 NE Hassalo St. Portland, OR 97213-3644 USA Toll Free: 800-944-6190 Public Service Labor Relations in a Democratic South Africa This book addresses the economic aspects of labor relations in South Africa. It is written primarily for those interested in labor relations. Editor: Glenn Adler ISBN: 1868143597 Witwatersrand University Pr, August 2000 Public Service Labor Relations in a Democratic South Africa 1 Jan Smuts Ave., 2000 Johannesburg Johannesburg, 2001 Tel: 27-11-484-5907 Fax: 27-11-484-5971 E-mail: [email protected]


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PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS & RESOURCES BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS / TRADE COUNCILS Black Management Forum (BMF) The BMF represents the interests of black managers who are discriminated against on the basis of color. Black Management Forum P.O. Box 62070 Sandton, 2146 Tel: 27-11-784-4407 Fax: 27-11-784-4644 Business Opportunity Center (BOC) The Business Opportunity Center (BOC) is a non-governmental organization that provides business training and counseling services to previously disadvantaged entrepreneurs. They are not available on the web. Business Opportunity Center P.O. Box 828 Auckland Park 2006 Tel: 27-11-839-2750, 27-11-336 0321 Fax: 27-11-839-1897, 27-11-336 0420 Foundation for African Business & Consumer Services (FABCOS) FABCOS is a black economic empowerment group, which helps the black informal sector to break into the formal sector. This foundation does not have a web presence. Foundation for African Businesses & Consumer Services P.O. Box 8785 Johannesburg 2000 Tel: 27-11-333-3701 Fax: 27-11-333-1234 National Black Business Caucus (NBBC) The role of the National Black Business Caucus (NBBC) is to serve as a strategic "think tank" and lobbying body on key issues of BEE in South Africa. It also facilitates and services the needs of the black business sector in the country. This foundation does not have a web presence. National Black Business Caucus P.O. Box 1507 Gallo Manor 2052 Tel: 27-11-806-5561, 5544 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Fax: 27-11-806-5558 National African Federated Chamber of Commerce & Industries (NAFCOC) NAFCOC’s mission is to promote a free-market system as a means to best achieve a more equitable distribution of wealth in South Africa. In existence for approximately thirty years, it is alternatively referred to as the “black business chamber” and serves to promote black businesses in South Africa. It does not have a website. NAFCOC P.O. Box 61213 Marshalltown 2107 Tel: 27-11-336-0321 Fax: 27-11-336-0420 Small Business Information Network (Ntsika) http://www.ntsika.org.za Ntsika’s mission is to promote and provide support services to small, medium and micro enterprises in order to contribute towards equitable economic growth in South Africa. Small Business Information Network (Ntsika) Tel: 27-12-483-2000 Fax: 27-12-483-2054 E-mail: [email protected] Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) http://www.cosatu.org.za/ COSATU is a partner in the Tripartite Alliance together with the African National Congress and the South African Communist Party. There are currently 19 trade unions affiliated to COSATU, with a combined membership of just over 1.8 million. Congress of South African Trade Unions P.O. Box 1019 Johannesburg 2000 Tel: 27-11-339-4911 Fax: 27-11-339-5080, 6940 Federation of Unions of South Africa (FEDUSA) http://www.fedusa.org.za/ FEDUSA consists of 28 affiliated trade unions, which are organized in a variety of sectors and industries across the South African economy. Federation of Unions of South Africa P.O. Box 2096 Northcliff 2115 Tel: 27-11-476-5188, ext. 9 Fax: 27-11-476-5131 E-mail: [email protected] © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Soroptimist International Pretoria http://home.mweb.co.za/pf/pfalkson/ Soroptimist International Pretoria is a member of the international service organization for business and professional women. Soroptimist International Pretoria P.O. Box 72168 Lynnwood Ridge Pretoria 0040

CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE American Chamber of Commerce in South Africa http://demo.ibnet.com/NewSite/cf/Chambers/chamberdetail.cfm?QID=2840 P.O. Box 1132 2041 Houghton Johannesburg Tel: 27-11-788-0265 Fax: 27-11-880-1632 E-mail: [email protected] Alberton Chamber of Commerce http://www.alberton.com/ 3 Helston Street P.O. Box 759 Alberton 1450 Tel: 27-11-869-6225 Fax: 27-11-869-6231 E-mail: [email protected] Bloemfontein Chamber of Commerce and Industry http://www.bcci.co.za/ P.O. Box 87 Bloemfontein 9300 Tel: 27-51-447-3368, 27-51-447-3369 Fax: 27-51-447-5064 E-mail: [email protected] Boksburg Chamber of Commerce and Industry http://www.boksburgchamber.org.za/ P.O. Box 133 Boksburg 1460 Tel: 27-11-914-2443, 27-11-914-4549 Fax: 27-11-914-2559 E-mail: [email protected] © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Cape Town Chamber of Commerce and Industry http://www.ccci.co.za/ P.O. Box 204 Cape Town 8000 Tel: 27-21-418-4300 Fax: 27-21-418-1800 E-mail: [email protected] Durban Chamber of Commerce and Industry http://www.durbanchamber.co.za/ 39 Field Street Durban 4001 KwaZulu-Natal Tel: 27-31-301-3692 Fax: 27-31-304-5255 E-mail: [email protected] Helderberg Chamber of Commerce http://www.helderbergchamber.org.za/ P.O. Box 990 Somerset West 7129 Tel: 27-21-851-2886 Fax: 27-21-851-2886 E-mail: [email protected] Johannesburg Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce and Industry http://www.jcci.co.za/ Private Bag 34 Auckland Park, 2006 6th Floor, JCC House Milpark, Johannesburg Tel: 27-11-726-5300 Fax: 27-11-482-2000 Pietermaritzburg Chamber of Commerce and Industry http://www.pcci.org.za/ P.O. Box 11734 Dorpspruit 3206 Tel: 27-33-345-2747 Fax: 27-33-394-4151 E-mail: [email protected]


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Port Elizabeth Regional Chamber of Commerce and Industry http://www.pechamber.org.za/ Chamber House 22 Grahamstown House Port Elizabeth Tel: 27-04-154-4430 Fax: 27-04-157-2613 E-mail: [email protected] Benoni Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 1281 Benoni 1500 Tel: 27-11-421-9599 Fax: 27-11-421-8627 E-mail: [email protected] South Africa Chamber of Business [email protected] 24 Sturdee Ave. Rosebank, Gauteng Tel: 27-11-446-3830 Fax: 27-11-446-3847 Boland Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 206 Paarl 7620 Tel: 27-21-872-9880 Fax: 27-21-872-0809 Brakpan Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 253 Brakpan 1540 Tel: 27-11-915-5621 Fax: 27-11-915-5621 Bronkhorstpruit Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 450 Bronkhorstpruit 1020 Tel: 27-13-932-0137 Fax: 27-13-932-3171 Ceres Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 79 Ceres 6835 Tel: 27-02-332-3152 Fax: 27-02-332-3083 Dundee Chamber of Commerce © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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P.O. Box 94 Dundee 3000 Tel: 27-03-412-2121 Fax: 27-03-418-1284 Estcourt Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 1882 Estcourt 3310 Tel: 27-36-352-5993 Fax: 27-36-352-5812 E-mail: [email protected] Fish Hoek Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 22040 Fish Hoek 7975 Tel: 27-21-782-5719 Fax: 27-21-782-5719 George Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 24 George 6530 Tel: 27-44-874-3349 Fax: 27-44-873-0150 E-mail: [email protected] Grahamstown Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 179 Grahamstown 6140 Tel: 27-46-622-7222 Fax: 27-46-622-7282 Hibiscus Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 255 St. Michaels on Sea 4265 Tel: 27-39-682-0362 Fax: 27-39-682-7312 E-mail: [email protected] Howick Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 839 Howick 3290 Tel: 27-33-330-2606 Fax: 27-33-330-5937 E-mail: [email protected] Khayalami Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 94 © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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Edenvale 1610 Tel: 27-11-453-1530 Fax: 27-11-453-1685 Kroonstad Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 425 Kroonstad 9500 Tel: 27-05-622-3611 Fax: 27-05-623-2148 Knysna Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 1141 Knysna 6570 Tel: 27-44-382-5775 Fax: 27-44-382-5928 E-mail: [email protected] Krugersdorf Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 7 Krugersdorf 1740 Tel: 27-11-665-3930 Fax: 27-11-953-4722 Ladybrand Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 197 Ladybrand 9745 Tel: 27-51-914-0890 Fax: 27-51-914-0465 Lichtenburg Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 640 Lichtenburg 2740 Tel: 27-18-632-1368 Fax: 27-18-632-5228 Middelburg Chamber of Commerce P O Box 1152 Middelburg 1050 Tel: 27-13-243-2253 Fax: 27-13-243-1923 E-mail: [email protected]


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Midrand Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 1753 Halfway House 1685 Tel: 27-11-315-1063 Fax: 27-11-315-0958 E-mail: [email protected] Oudtshoorn Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 147 Oudtshoorn 6200 Tel: 27-44-279-1710 Fax: 27-44-272-6045 Port Alfred Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 110 Port Alfred 6170 Tel: 27-46-624-4015 Fax: 27-46-624-5271 Queenstown Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 137 Queenstown 5320 Tel: 27-45-839-2008 Fax: 27-45-839-7310 E-mail: [email protected] Randburg Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 363 Randburg 2125 Tel: 27-11-789-2421 Fax: 27-11-787-2807 Rustenburg Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 296 Rustenburg 0300 Tel: 27-14-533-3086 Fax: 27-14-533-0441 E-mail: [email protected] Sandton Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 650846 Benmore 2010 Tel: 27-11-884-8906 Fax: 27-11-884-8905 E-mail: [email protected] Springs Chamber of Commerce © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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P.O. Box 201 Springs 1560 Tel: 27-11-815-5750 Fax: 27-11-815-2455 Standerton Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 725 Standerton 2430 Tel: 27-17-712-2140 Fax: 27-17-712-2503 Stellenbosh Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 159 Stellenbosch 7599 Tel: 27-21-883-2134 Fax: 27-21-886-4528 E-mail: [email protected] Struisbaii / L'Agulhas Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 84 Struisbaai 7285 Tel: 27-28-465-6427 Fax: 27-28-465-7713 E-mail: [email protected] Thabazimbi Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 591 Thabazimbi 0380 Tel: 27-147-732-2422 Fax: 27-147-732-2422 Tygerberg Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 2669 Bellville 7535 Tel: 27-21-948-9800 Fax: 27-21-949-8352 E-mail: [email protected] Uitenhage Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 6015 Mosselville Uitenhage 6230 Tel: 27-41-922-8147 Fax: 27-41-922-8147


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Witbank Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 2180 Witbank 1035 Tel: 27-135-690-2288 Fax: 27135-656-3812 E-mail: [email protected] Zululand Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 1133 Empangeni 3880 Tel: 27-35-192-2335 Fax: 27-35-192-2487 E-mail: [email protected]

TELEPHONE DIRECTORIES 1023 - South African Directory Service http://www.1023.co.za/ 1023 – South African Directory Service is South Africa’s largest business directory. Their directory can be searched by keyword, area, and/or category. Braby's On-line http://www.brabys.co.za Braby's Business Directories for South Africa are searchable by province, classification, or company name. SAYellow Online http://www.sayellow.com/ SAYellow Online has classified and alphabetic business directories for South Africa. Province specification is required for a search. YellowPages - South Africa http://www.yellowpages.co.za YellowPages - South Africa is the official Yellow pages publisher for South Africa, which provides a classified and alphabetic business directory for South African and international businesses.


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MAJOR TRADE PUBLICATIONS Periodicals Business in Africa International Magazine ISSN: 1365-1560 Published bi-monthly since 1992, Business in Africa International Magazine provides financial, business, and leisure news of interest to the South African business community. Business in Africa International Magazine Goldcity Ventures Ltd P.O. Box 1357 Rivonia Gauteng 2128 Tel: 27-11-807-0948 South African Journal of Business Management http://www.safest.org.za/bsp ISSN: 0378-9098 The South African Journal of Business Management offers useful articles for business practice in South Africa. It is published quarterly in English since 1970. South African Bureau for Scientific Publications Tel: 27-12-322-6404 Fax: 27-12-320-7803 E-mail: [email protected] Southern Africa Report ISSN: 1016-4731 The Southern Africa Report has been published weekly since 1983. It covers current affairs, economics, finance and business, politics, labor, and media in South Africa and the neighboring region. Southern Africa Report Association P.O. Box 261579 Excom Johannesburg 2023 Tel: 27-11-646-8790 Fax: 27-11-646-2596 E-mail: [email protected]


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Books Business Opportunities in the New South Africa (Nanyang Business Report Series) http://www.prenhall.com This book is a reference for potential investors in the international marketplace, global entrepreneurs, researchers and students. It describes the potential growth for the country with its modern technological infrastructure, political stability, and other assets. Teck Meng Tan (Editor), Aik Meng Low (Editor), John J. Williams (Preface), Tan Teck Meng (Preface) ISBN: 0130819255 Prentice Hall; June 8, 1999 Business Opportunities in the New South Africa 200 Old Tappan Rd Old Tappan, NJ 07675 USA Can South and Southern Africa Become Globally Competitive Economies? This book discusses the prospects, strategies, and scenarios for the South African and Southern African continent to enter into the global marketplace. ISBN: 0312162391 Editor: G.G. Maasdorp Palgrave; November 1996 Can South and Southern Africa Become Globally Competitive Economies? 175 Fifth Ave. New York, NY 10010 USA Toll Free: 888-330-8477 Toll Free Fax: 800-672-2054 Living & Working in South Africa: Survive and Thrive in the New South Africa This book describes the economic conditions and social life and customs in South Africa and how they apply to job hunting. ISBN: 1857035550 Author: Matthew Seal How to Books Ltd; June 2000 Living & Working in South Africa: Survive and Thrive in the New South Africa 3 Newtec Pl., Magdalen Rd. Oxford, OX4 1RE United Kingdom Tel: 44-913-831-2233, ext. 109 Fax: 44-913-362-7401


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South Africa's 'Black' Market: How to Do Business with Africans http://www.interculturalpress.com Geared to business people, the author describes the structure and workings of the "Black" market. Local business nuances are described in detail and the South African business structure is detailed. ISBN: 187786479X Author: Jeffrey A., Ph.D. Fadiman Intercultural Press; July 2000 South Africa’s “Black” Market: How to do Business with Africans P.O. Box 700 374 U.S. Route One Yarmouth, ME 04096 USA Toll Free: 800-370-2665 Tel: 207-846-5168 Fax: 207-846-5181 South Africa's Future: From Crisis to Prosperity This book discusses the challenges facing South Africa as it attempts to rebuild a nation to its human potential utilizing its natural assets. It addresses the difficult economic and political issues and suggests a plan of development for a prosperous future for South Africa. ISBN: 0312215037 Author: Anthony Sanfield Ginsberg St. Martin’s Press, LLC; December 1998 Care of: VHPS South Africa’s Future: From Crisis to Prosperity 16365 James Madison Hwy Gordonville, VA 22942 USA Toll Free: 888-330-8477 Tel: 540-672-7600 Toll Free Fax: 800-672-2054

OTHER RESOURCES Networking Organizations City and Civil Service Club 18 Queen Victoria Street Cape Town, 8001 Or P.O. Box 50 Cape Town, 8000 Tel: 272-123-8110 Fax: 272-123-8114


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Kelvin Grove Camp Ground Road Newlands 7700 Cape Town Tel: 27-21-689-9161 Fax: 27-21-689-3740 Rand Club http://www.Randclub.co.za Loveday Street P.O. Box 1032 Johannesburg 2000 Tel: 27-11-834-8311 Fax: 27-11-834-1247 Victoria Club 218 Longmarket Street P.O. Box 277 Pietermaritzburg, 3200 Tel: 27-33-145-4480 Fax: 27-33-145-4405 Networking Organizations The information for the following three groups is from “The Global List of Women’s Organizations” and is to be credited to: Denise Osted, Ruigezandplantsoen 4 6835 AM ARNHEM, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] Women'sNet http://www.womensnet.org.za Women'sNet, a project designed to enable South African women to use the Internet to find the people, issues, resources, tools and skills they need. Created by women, for women. Women’sNet – SANGONeT 13th Floor, Longsbank Building 187 Bree Street Johannesburg, 2000 or P.O. Box 31 Johannesburg 2000 Tel: 27-11-838-6943, ext. 4 Fax: 27-11-492-1058 E-mail: [email protected]


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National Federation Business and Professional Women of South Africa http://home.intekom.com/bpwsa The International Federation of Business & Professional Women has clubs in over 108 countries worldwide. BPW South Africa is affiliated to the International Federation of Business & Professional Women, one of the most influential organizations in the world. Established in 1930 in the United States of America with the S.A. Federation established in 1948. It is recognized at the United Nations Organization and as a Non-Governmental Organization, has consultative status (Category 1) at the UN Economic & Social Council (ECOSOC), the UN Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization (UNESCO) the International Labor Organization (ILO), the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO). National Federation Business and Professional Women of South Africa P.O. Box 2937 George 6530 E-mail: [email protected] South African Association of University Women Women, Community, Research P.O. Box 6 Woodlands Parks Rondebosch 7700 Tel: 27-11-689-3458

EMBASSY LISTINGS Embassy of Australia http://www.australia.co.za/ 14th Floor, BP Centre Thibault Square Cape Town 8001 or P.O. Box 4749 Cape Town 8000 Tel: 27-21-419-5425, ext. 9 Fax: 27-21-419-7345 Embassy of Belgium 625 Leyds Street Muckleneuk Pretoria 0002 Tel: 27-12-44-32-01 Fax: 27-12-44-32-16


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Embassy of Brazil 201 Leyds St. – Arcadia Pretoria 0007 P.O. Box 3269 Pretoria 0001 Tel: 27-12-341-1712 Fax: 27-12-341-7547 Embassy of Canada http://www.canada.co.za/ 1103 Arcadia Street Hatfield 0083 Pretoria Or The Canadian High Commission Private Bag X13 Hatfield 0028 Pretoria Tel: 27-12-422-3000 Fax: 27-12-422-3052 E-mail: [email protected] Embassy of China http://www.chinese-embassy.co.za 972 Pretorius St. Arcadia Pretoria or P.O. Box 95764 Waterkloof 0145 Tel: 27-12-342-4194 Fax: 27-12-342-4154 E-mail: [email protected] Embassy of Denmark http://www.saol.co.za/rde/ 8th Floor Sanlam Centre Cnr Pretorius & Andries Streets Pretoria 0001 or P.O. Box 2942 Pretoria 0001 Tel: 27-12-322-0595 Fax: 27 12 322 0596 E-mail: [email protected] Embassy of Finland © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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5 Lincoln Road Oranjezich Cape Town 8001 Or P.O. Box 693 Cape Town 8000 Tel: 27-21-461-1329, 27-21-461-4732 Fax: 27-21-461-5768 Embassy of France http://www.france.co.za/ 807 George Avenue Arcadia Pretoria 0083 Tel: 27-12-429-7010, 27-012-429-70-12 Fax: 27-12-429-7029 E-mail: [email protected] Embassy of Italy http://www.ambital.org.za 796, George Avenue, Arcadia Pretoria Tel: 27-12-435-541, 2/3/4 Fax: 27-12-435-547 E-mail: [email protected] Embassy of Japan 2nd Floor, Sanlam Building Hatfield 353 Festival Street, Hatfield Pretoria 0083 Or P.O. Box 111434 Hatfield Pretoria 0028 Tel: 27-12-342-2100, ext. 4 Fax: 27-12-433-922 Royal Embassy of the Netherlands http://www.dutchembassy.co.za/ 825 Arcadia Street P.O. Box 117 Pretoria Tel: 27-12-344-3910 Fax: 27-12-343-9950 E-mail: [email protected] Embassy of Norway http://www.pretoria.mfa.no/cgi© 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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in/wbch3.exe?html=../publishing/top/index.html&p=1597 1 Parioli Building 1166 Park Street Hatfield 0083 Petoria Tel: 27-12-342-6100 Fax: 27-12-342-6099 E-mail: [email protected] Embassy of South Korea P.O. Box 939 Groenkloof Pretoria 0027 Tel: 27-12-462-5089 Embassy of Spain 169 Pine St., Arcadia. Pretoria 0083 Or P.O. Box 1633 Pretoria 0001 Tel: 27-12-344-3875 Fax: 27-12-343-48-91 Embassy of Sweden Parioli Complex 1166 Park Street Hatfield P.O. Box 13477 Hatfield 0028 Or Southern Life Centre 10th floor 8 van Riebeck Street P.O. Box 3982 Cape Town 8000 Tel: 27-12-426-6400, 27-21-425-3988 Fax: 27-12-426-6464, 27-21-425-1016 E-mail: [email protected]


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Embassy of Switzerland George Avenue 818 P.O. Box 2289 Arcadia 0083 Pretoria 0001 Tel: 27-12-436-707 Royal Embassy of the United Kingdom http://www.britain.org.za/ 91 Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 Tel: 27-21-461-7220 Fax: 27-21-461-0017 E-mail: [email protected] Embassy of United States of America http://www.usia.gov/posts/pretoria/ 877 Pretorius St. P.O. Box 9536 Pretoria 0001 Tel: 27-12-342-1048 Fax: 27-12-342-2244 E-mail: [email protected]


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FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS Cost of Living Changes are occurring rapidly in South Africa. It has been predicted that by the year 2010, the population in the cities of South Africa are anticipated to grow beyond most projections. Gauteng province, one of South Africa’s smallest, is also the most industrialized and is becoming a major worldwide metropolitan center. The population of South Africa is 43,426,000 with an unemployment rate of 32.4%. The rate of inflation is approximately 7.9%. The currency of South Africa is the Rand (ZAR). The average per capita Gross National Product (GNP) is 51,294 ZAR. Average monthly expenses for an expatriate living in the largest cities of Africa range from 12,150 ZAR for a single person to 17,200 ZAR for a couple without children and 19,200 ZAR for a couple with two children. Housing The cost of housing varies substantially depending on the areas chosen. As expected, cities are more expensive than rural areas. On average house prices in the Cape Peninsula are about 35% higher than in the rest of the country. An average threebedroom house in the upper-class suburbs of Cape Town cost from 450.000 ZAR ($54,479.42 USD) and up, in middle class suburbs costs vary between 300.000 ZAR ($36,319.61 USD) and 450.000 ZAR ($54,479.42 USD). The Cape Peninsula also has a very active lower-class house market, where costs vary between 150.000 ZAR ($18,159.81 USD) and 300.000 ZAR ($36,319.61 USD). Monthly rent varies depending upon the type of property occupied. A non-furnished one-room apartment typically runs between 1,000 and 1,400 ZAR; a one- to two-bedroom apartment rents for between 1,300 and 2,200 ZAR; a two- to three-bedroom apartment or house rents for between 2,000 and 3,000 ZAR; and a four- to five-bedroom apartment or house costs between 3,200 and 5,200 ZAR. Banks Retail banks are open from 9:00 a.m. to 3:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, and from 8:30 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on Saturdays. Health Expenses The costs to see a general physician typically cost around 505 ZAR. A specialist costs between 200 and 550 ZAR. A day in the hospital costs between 600 and 2,170 ZAR. Miscellaneous Hotel costs per night for a double room range from an average of 453 ZAR to 1,000 ZAR for a high quality hotel. The average cost for a meal in a restaurant ranges between 50 to 200 ZAR. Vacation/Leave Most employers in South Africa do not offer sick leave. Maternity leave is offered for up to four weeks with compensation of 45% of weekly earnings. The minimum age © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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for work is 15 and there is no minimum wage. Wages are determined through unionization of workers and collective bargaining with employers. Old age pensions begin at age 65 for men and 60 for women and are payable at 500 ZAR per month for individuals and twice that for couples. Workmen’s compensation is solely payable by the employer. Employees must be unable to work for three consecutive days in order to qualify. Unemployment Unemployment benefits pay 45% of weekly earnings for qualified employees (i.e., those who earn less than 76,753 ZAR per year and have worked a minimum of 13 weeks within the last year). However, certain categories of employees are not covered (e.g., domestic workers, temporary employees working less than eight hours per week). Taxation Income Tax Individuals in South Africa are taxed on a progressive system of income from earned wages. Individual deductions, corporate fringe benefits, and capital allowances are combined to determine taxable income. There is no official definition of a “resident.” The country of tax residency is determined according to the terms of any existing fiscal agreement between the resident’s country and South Africa. Taxable income is taxed according to resident status: 1) 2)

A fiscal resident (i.e., someone who has stayed in South Africa for more than 183 days during the fiscal year) in South Africa is taxed on total income, including that which is generated outside the country. A non-fiscal resident is taxed on income of the wages received for work carried out in South Africa even if paid out of the country.

Deductions No deductions are allowed for children. Employees may be able to deduct: 1. Retirement plan contributions 2. Professional expenses 3. Health expenses Tax returns Tax returns are to be submitted within 60 days following the receipt of the form in June each year. Tax payments Corporations have no obligation to withhold tax for foreign wage-earners. Value-added Tax (VAT) In South Africa, a value-added tax is levied on goods and services. It is also charged © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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on the imported goods and on imported services under certain conditions. The VAT is set at two rates: zero and a standard 14%. Several goods and services are zerorated (e.g., exported goods, certain foodstuffs and services). Some supplies are exempt from VAT (e.g., educational services, fixed property outside the country, and public transportation). Unemployment Employees earning less than 93,288 ZAR per year contribute to the public unemployment plan called the Unemployment Insurance Fund. The employees’ share is one percent of the gross salary. Work accident and professional illness: The percentage taken from the gross annual wage for work accident and professional illness ranges from 0.15% to 6.25% depending upon the type of work. The maximum withheld is 123,396 ZAR. The employer is solely responsible for this contribution.


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WORK PERMITS/VISAS Expatriates interested in South African employment must complete the B1-159 application form and submit it to the South African Diplomatic Mission nearest to their country of origin or residence. The fully completed application form, a firm offer of employment and specified supporting documentation must be submitted at least six weeks prior to the proposed date of departure for South Africa. The sponsor’s letter of motivation must contain: the date on which the particular position became available, proof that the vacancy was advertised locally - in newspapers or other types of media, the number of insertions, as well as the actual clippings, reasons why candidates from the South African labor market who responded to the advertisements were not suitable, proof that the foreign candidate possesses special qualifications, training or experience, not readily available in South Africa, proof that filling the vacancy or position by promotion of existing personnel has received “due consideration” - in the case of senior positions only, a segment on whether the Department of Labour, the relevant councils, employers’ and employees’ organizations, and various professional bodies were consulted with a view to filling the position from local sources. Apart from the fee levied for an application, the Department of Home Affairs may require that a cash deposit or bank guarantee be lodged. This request is to ensure that should applicants fail to comply with the conditions of their work permit, or it becomes necessary to repatriate them for any other reason, the costs of repatriation are covered. The deposit amount is usually the equivalent of an air ticket to the applicant’s country of origin or residence, plus other incidental costs. It is refundable on departure from South Africa. Department of Foreign Affairs http://www.dfa.gov.za/ Private Bag X152 Pretoria 0001 Tel: 27-12-351-1000


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JOB APPLICATION GUIDELINES COVER LETTER GUIDELINES AND SAMPLE When applying for any position, the CV should be accompanied by a cover letter. Cover letters are commonly used when applying for jobs in South Africa, as a way to introduce oneself, to highlight key points on the CV, and to generate interest in the CV. Content should be short, consisting of three to four paragraphs over one page. This document should always be “you-centered,” avoiding over-use of the word “I.” The focus should be on what the job seeker has to offer the company, rather than on the individual’s strengths. The format of the cover letter should begin with an introduction in terms of the applicant’s qualifications and expertise. The name of the applicant’s current employer and job description should be reported. If responding to a job advertisement, the title and source should be listed at the top of the page, followed by a description of the applicant’s skills and strengths in that area of work in such a way that offers these skills as contributions to the company. In addition, it should be noted if the applicant is a citizen or has a work permit. If the applicant is unemployed, the reason should be briefly stated. Contact information should be clear and concise, and availability for interviews should be made clear.


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Cover Letter Sample Mary S. Fein 14218 Freesia St., #B24 Pretoria 0001, South Africa Tel: 27-12-652-2459 [email protected] August 13, 2001 Mr. Howard F. Strickland Owner, Hiring Manager Strickland Industries, Inc. Private Bag 5342 Pretoria 0001, South Africa Dear Mr. Strickland: Please consider my résumé for consideration regarding the Administrative position you advertised in Friday's Daily Mail & Guardian. You may find that my degree in Business Administration as well as 8 years of on-thejob experience may be valuable to your company, as they have given me first hand knowledge of office administration positions. As you will see by my résumé, and learn from my references, increasing efficiency at the departmental level is a skill I can offer to Strickland Industries, as I did at Johnson Motors. If you give me this opportunity, you will see the increased efficiency your company is capable of, perhaps to the point that you will no longer have a need for paper files. This was the case in my former job, where I orchestrated an efficiency campaign, making friends of customers and earning respect from co-workers. I will contact you next week regarding the status of the position and to set up a time to discuss my résumé and qualifications, and the possibility of employment. Sincerely, (Signature) Mary S. Fein *Please note: It is important for the cover letter not to exceed one page in length and it should be brief and to-the-point.


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RÉSUMÉ / CV GUIDELINES AND SAMPLE Although South Africa has eleven official languages, English is the language of commerce. So, when applying for a job, it is preferable to use English. However, be careful that you utilize the British form of English for proper spelling. British English utilizes different spelling from American or Canadian English. Check your spelling, or you may appear poorly educated. There are two types of resume/CV in South Africa. Either may be used, according to personal preference or depending on circumstances. The Brief Profile (usually only a single page) is an abbreviated version of your comprehensive resume/CV. It includes all the same sections, but without the details. With this format, list the elements of your education and your work experience chronologically, but expand on your current or most relevant position. When first applying for a position, it is acceptable to send a Brief Profile. However, be sure to mention that you have a comprehensive resume/CV if it is required. Your comprehensive resume/CV should be well organized and concise. It should describe you, your education, your work experience, and your personality, in relatively few words. A complete resume/CV may be two or three pages in length, depending on your experience. If you are a student or recent graduate, it will be shorter. In all cases, omit trivial or irrelevant information, and highlight those achievements or experiences that are most significant to the job you are seeking. The major sections of your resume/CV are (in this order): Personal Information, Education, Work Experience, Personal Skills and Interests, and References. At the top of the first page, begin with Personal Information. State your name, business and home addresses, telephone and fax numbers and e-mail address. Also, provide your date and place of birth, your citizenship, and your marital status. Note: South African law forbids discrimination because of age, race, gender, etc. Education is the second major section. In chronological order, list the names and locations of the schools you attended, starting with your secondary/high school. In each case, give the dates of your attendance, your areas of concentration and your diploma, or degree. For experienced workers with an extensive career history, this is sufficient. However, if you are a student, or a very recent graduate, you should mention extracurricular activities in which you participated, especially if you had a leadership role. Continue with a brief mention of honors, awards, certifications received, and any additional training, such as specialized courses, seminars, internships, language, computer, or public speaking courses. Be selective; choose to list those activities that are most relevant to your career or that reveal your abilities to lead, to innovate, to manage, and to work as a member of a team. The third (and for professionals, the most important) element of your resume/CV is © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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your Work Experience. In South Africa, you may present this history in a chronological, reverse-chronological, or functional format. For each position, give the name and location of the business, its focus, your title, and the dates of your employment. If you have been promoted, or given a new position, mention it. In all cases, list your major responsibilities, and accomplishments. Support your achievements with numbers and percentages, e.g., increase in production or sales, decrease in expenditures, improvement of systems or products. If you are a student or new graduate, list parttime and temporary jobs. Under Personal Skills and Interests, list any of the following that are particularly applicable: Language competencies. (List levels of achievement in speaking, writing and reading and, if available, scores on standard tests.) Computer knowledge. Professional affiliations (especially if you have been an active participant). Military experience. This was required in South Africa before 1990; include it if it relates to your career history. Volunteer service, if it is relevant. As the last item of your resume/CV, list several job references, with their names, addresses, and telephone numbers. If you are a student, grades, certificates, diplomas and references should be included with your resume/CV. If you are a seasoned professional, this is not necessary. You may, if you wish, include a small photo with your application. Note: Work references may be contacted by a potential employer only if a position is to be offered, and with your permission. If an e-mail address is provided in the advertisement, you may submit your application via e-mail. Be sure to use a common word processing program (such as Microsoft Word), and to send all your material as an attachment.


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Résumé / CV Sample (New Graduate) Name: Michelle Anne Brown Date of Birth: 05/02/1969 Marital Status: Married, no children Address: 29 St. Moritz Postal: P.O. Box 32598 12 Horizon Road Birchleigh Birchleigh 1961 Gauteng Telephone: (011) 454-1584 (Bus) (011) 641-9875 (Res) (083) 845-3256 (Cell) E-mail: [email protected] Nationality: British South African Permanent Resident Languages: English (home) Afrikaans (good) French (fair) Education Qualifications: 1985 – 1987 St. Mary's School for Girls, Johannesburg Matriculation Exemption 1988 – 1990 University of the Witwatersrand Bachelor of Commerce 1991 Post Graduate Diploma in Accountancy 1992 Public Accountants and Auditors Board Chartered Accountant (South Africa) 1997 University of Cape Town Graduate School of Business Management Development Programme Employment History: 01/92 - 09/95 Deloitte and Touche, Johannesburg 01/92 - 12/94 Articled Clerk 01/94 - 09/95 Audit Senior 06/95 Date Leisure Resorts (Pty) Limited 06/95 - 03/98 Financial Accountant 04/98 – Date Financial Manager Personal Attributes: A solid financial executive who is able to see the bigger picture. Hands-on experience with good attention to detail. Committed and hard working, someone who gets the job done. Energetic and enthusiastic, reliable and patient. A very organized individual who is able to manage multiple issues at the same time. A team player. Good IT skills.


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Career History: 01/1992Deloitte and Touche, Johannesburg 09/1995 Articled Clerk and Audit Senior Key Performance Areas: Company audits Tax returns for individuals and companies including Receiver of Revenue queries Share valuations Going concern valuations and proposals to turnaround ailing companies Dividend certificates in terms of South African exchange control regulations Senior work in liquidation insolvencies As an Audit Senior in charge of a number of large statutory audits Clients included both listed and private companies in the Hotel and Leisure, Fast Moving Consumer Goods, and Pharmaceutical sectors Reason for Leaving: To pursue a career in commerce 06/1995-Date: Leisure Resorts (Pty) Limited Leisure Resorts (Pty) Limited is the holding company for five hotel and leisure resorts located throughout South Africa. Financial Accountant Involved in all financial issues for the company, specifically: Internal auditing systems Standard costing records and the revaluation of standard cost constituents Company secretarial and taxation matters Preparing monthly accounts Ad-hoc feasibility studies Achievements: Review and implementation of charges in the company's accounting and costing systems and internal control procedures Report to: Financial Manager Staff Responsibility: Two Financial Clerks Financial Accountability: No financial or budget responsibility


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Financial Manager Involved in all financial issues for the company and specifically: Financial year-end reports Tax planning Monthly operations meetings at each of the resorts Evaluating feasibility for new projects and if approved, monitoring the cost, cash flow, tax, legal, and funding efficiency Computer systems development Achievements: Identified tax structuring to save company R50 million in taxes Successful implementation on time and without problems of new general ledger accounting package. Report to: Financial Director Staff Responsibility: Financial Accountant, Management Accountant Financial Responsibility: Indirectly R550 million turnover Motivation to Leave: Current Financial Director is in his late 30's and a shareholder in the business. Therefore, further progression within the organization is effectively blocked.


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INTERVIEWING ADVICE In preparation for an interview, one should thoroughly research a potential employer. Being prepared will help the applicant to not only learn about a company’s line of business, but also help one to determine the best fit for their skills within the organization. Specific company or industry knowledge can also generate questions that will impress the prospective employer by demonstrating initiative and enthusiasm. Business in South Africa is conducted similarly to those in North America, but more conservatively. Business settings are very formal. It is important to note that South Africans still rely on conducting business and forming alliances with executives of similar background or people personally recommended by friends. Letters of introduction from a local chamber of commerce or trade association are helpful. Letters or faxes should be personal; form letters should be avoided. In South Africa, punctuality is very important. It is advisable to arrive five to ten minutes before an interview. If there is going to be delay, it is courteous to call and keep the prospective employer advised. Reasons for the delay should be explained. If the applicant is going to be more than an hour late, it is best to ask to arrive at a later time or on another day, at the interviewer’s convenience. English is the most common language used in business. Certain phrases and expressions, however, may be confusing, and it is quite acceptable to ask someone to repeat or explain something not understood. English-speaking Africans follow the British style with regard to politeness and when exchanging pleasantries. African men precede women through the door. At the beginning and end of a meeting, it is customary to shake hands. Handshakes tend to be firm, but certain ethnic groups may give a more lingering handshake. One should reciprocate with the kind of handshake given. Handshakes, passing objects, and gesturing are generally done with the right hand. Introductions are always made in the order of seniority. When meeting someone for the first time, always use the addresses “Mr.,” “Mrs.,” or “Miss” until invited to do otherwise. Titles are also to be respected and used. South Africans dress conservatively. It is best to dress for the position being applied for. For businessmen, wool or lighter weight suits are appropriate. It is also not uncommon for men to dress in vested suits, but this is not required. Women should wear a skirt and jacket or dress and jacket ensemble. Refrain from wearing native dress. Politeness is the most acceptable behavior in the South African business culture. Hand gestures in conversation, but pointing is not polite, nor is standing too close or speaking with one’s hands in his or her pockets. Applicants should listen to questions © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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and answer with confidence and clarity, and should remember to maintain eye contact while talking. Arrogant attitudes or statements should be avoided. The applicant should not smoke, even if offered by the interviewer. During an interview, one should be prepared to discuss personal strengths, weaknesses, and career achievements. One should also have a clear idea of his or her career goals and where these goals rate with respect to specific aspects of the position being applied for. Casual conversation may enter into a business setting. A safe topic in South Africa is sports (i.e., rugby, soccer, and cricket). Avoid topics of a political nature or those that may include criticism of a past regime. It is best to allow the host party to bring up the topic while in this setting.


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CULTURAL ADVICE South Africa has one of the most diverse communities in the world. There are more than 11 major ethnic groupings in South Africa, with each of their languages being recognized as an official language - South Africa is probably the only country in the world that has 11 official languages. English is widely understood and expatriates who speak English will have an easier time being able to communicate in the South African business community. The official languages in South Africa are : Afrikaans, English, Ndebel, Northern Sotho, Southern Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, and Zulu. English is, however, the language most commonly used in business. Use simple English to avoid ambiguity and confirm everything in writing. Despite recent political and policy changes, the business environment remains somewhat divided between white and black business. White businesses typically represent the larger, more western corporations and black businesses are characterized as smaller, more locally focused companies. There are several large successful black-owned corporations, however, and black managers are increasingly found within the management structure of white-owned corporations. Many of the small successful black businesses have the potential to become future leaders. The business community is eager to attract foreign investment and to make contact with the outside world. However, South African businesses remain locally focused. While it does have an open economy, South Africa is not nearly as integrated with international economies as that of its European and Asian partners. South Africa has historically had an open economy in which imports and exports represent a significant share of the country's gross domestic product. South Africa has been a large source of mining and agricultural products for the rest of the world, yet imports manufacturing equipment out of necessity to drive industry. South Africa's entry into international markets is more a question of being pulled in rather than pushing their way into the global business environment. Business in South Africa takes place mainly between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. daily, excluding weekends. Many South Africans are reluctant to work on weekends. Friday afternoons are also not recommended for appointments. Lunch or breakfast meetings are common, as are working dinners. Appointments should be made in advance, but appointments at very short notice are not unusual. A good topic of conversation with South Africans is sports, especially rugby, soccer, and cricket. South Africans often use sports analogies in conversations. Racial politics, once considered a taboo topic, should be carefully addressed. It is best to wait until somebody else introduces the topic. It is best to avoid strong criticism of the past or present regimes. Hand gestures are common in conversation in South Africa. However, pointing a finger at someone, standing too close, or speaking to someone with hands in pockets is considered impolite. Africans generally shake © 2001 Going Global, Inc.

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hands or make gestures with their right hand. A handshake is a customary greeting and ending to meetings. The force with which a handshake is returned should be based on the force with which it was received. It is common practice to exchange business cards at the beginning of a meeting. A business card should be given to each person attending. The card should be simple and contain the name, title, company name, telephone and fax numbers, as well as e-mail address (which is become more popular in recent years). The card should be in English and the international dialing codes should be provided where possible. Introductions are typically made in order of seniority. It is polite to include questions about family or other social dialog. Titles should be used if known, and it is customary to address colleagues as "Mr.," "Mrs.," or "Miss" until invited to do otherwise. Government offices are open from 9:00 a.m. to 3:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, except on Wednesday when they operate from 9:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. They are also open from 8:30 or 9:00 a.m. until 11:00 a.m. on Saturdays. Most shops and malls are open from 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Monday through Saturday and from 8:30 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. on Sundays. In the larger metropolitan areas, some shops and cafes have later hours and some are open on Sunday. In smaller towns and rural areas, some shops may close briefly during midday and be closed on Saturday afternoons. Movie theaters are usually closed on Sundays and religious public holidays. Public transportation is heavily subsidized. Cities have efficient rail commuter and bus services. The bus service has dropped in recent years because of the rapid growth of the minibus taxi industry. New legislation has been implemented in order to restructure and re-organize the minibus taxi industry. Other taxis are available in most cities and in Cape Town there are also roving "scooter taxis" which provide cheap transportation.


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COUNTRY RESOURCE BOOKS Doing Business in South Africa http://www.kogan-page.co.uk/ This book offers practical advice on trade and investment opportunities in South Africa, and analyses the corporate, governmental, and regulatory strategies that are the core of economic considerations. Author: Johnathan Reuvid (Editor) ISBN: 0749433744 Kogan Page Ltd.; November 2000 Tel: 603-749 9171 Fax: 603-749 6155 E-mail: [email protected] Eyewitness Travel Guides: South Africa This book presents detailed information about South Africa. There are maps of all the regions, photographs of plant life, architecture, history, where to stay, and much more. ISBN: 0789446227 DK Publishing; October 1, 1999 Care of: Business Bks. Network 163 Central Ave., Hopkins Prof. Bldg., Suite 4 Dover, NH 03820 USA Passport South Africa: Your Pocket Guide to South African Business, Customs & Etiquette (Passport to the World) This book presents a comprehensive guide to the culture, etiquette and communication of South Africa. It specifically addresses the country's people, culture, etiquette and communication styles. Author: Charles Mitchell, Barbara Szerlip (Editors) ISBN: 1885073194 World Trade Press; August 1998 1450 Grant Ave., Suite 204 Novato, CA 94945-3142 USA Toll Free: 800-833-8586 Tel: 415-898-1124 Fax: 415-898-1080 E-mail: [email protected]


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Southern Africa Profiled: Essential Facts on Society, Business and Politics in Southern Africa (Syb Factbook) This book focuses primarily on South Africa, but also includes information on other African countries. It describes the volatile economic and political conditions in these countries as well as providing substantial historical and cultural information. Editor: Barry Turner ISBN: 0312229968 St. Martin's Press, LLC.; November 2000 Care of: VHPS 16365 James Madison Hwy. Gordonville, VA 22942 USA Toll Free: 888-330-8477 Tel: 540-672-7600 Toll Free Fax: 800-672-2054


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Going Global 2002 Career Guides South Africa

South Africa (Eyewitness Travel Guides)

Going Global

Local Radio, Going Global

Going Global (Express Exec)

The New South Africa

South West Africa

Language in South Africa

Estuaries of South Africa

Sanctions against South Africa

Sanctions against South Africa

South Africa: the Solution

Tales of South Africa

The Rough Guide to South Africa (Rough Guides)

Law Enforcement Career Guides: California

Inside Journalism (Career Builders Guides)

Career Skills (Palgrave Study Guides)

Transitional Amnesty in South Africa

The Crisis in South Africa

The War in South Africa

After Apartheid: Reinventing South Africa?

Global south asians

Historical Dictionary of South Africa

Global Civil Society Yearbook 2002

Going Going Gone

Going...going...wed

Going, Going, Gone

Going for Broke: The Fate of Farmworkers in Arid South Africa

Building a New South Africa: Urban Policy

Going Global 2002 Career Guides South Africa

South Africa (Eyewitness Travel Guides)

Going Global

Local Radio, Going Global

Going Global (Express Exec)

The New South Africa

South West Africa

Language in South Africa

Estuaries of South Africa

Sanctions against South Africa

Sanctions against South Africa

South Africa: the Solution

Tales of South Africa

The Rough Guide to South Africa (Rough Guides)

Law Enforcement Career Guides: California

Inside Journalism (Career Builders Guides)

Career Skills (Palgrave Study Guides)

Transitional Amnesty in South Africa

The Crisis in South Africa

The War in South Africa

After Apartheid: Reinventing South Africa?

Global south asians

Historical Dictionary of South Africa

Global Civil Society Yearbook 2002

Going Going Gone

Going...going...wed

Going, Going, Gone

Going for Broke: The Fate of Farmworkers in Arid South Africa

Building a New South Africa: Urban Policy

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