Read Reflect Respond B Answer Key (Read Reflect Respond)

TEACHER’S NOTES AND ANSWER KEY

Comprehension Skill-Boosters

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Comprehension Skill-Boosters

Development and Production: Laurel Associates, Inc. Cover Design: Image Quest, Inc.

Three Watson Irvine, CA 92618-2767 Website: www.sdlback.com Copyright © 2006 by Saddleback Educational Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the publisher. ISBN 1-59905-003-X Printed in the United States of America 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

TO THE TEACHER The READ•REFLECT•RESPOND series has been specially designed to improve the comprehension skills of students working at or just below level. The very short, high-interest reading selections are both manageable and appealing—even to students who say they don’t like to read. The exercises that follow get right to the point. After exploring their own experience, opinions, and prior knowledge, students are asked to respond to a variety of traditional comprehension questions and to think critically about the material they just read. The brevity of each lesson is intended to promote a “can do” attitude and reinforce a sense of accomplishment. Experience has proven that students steadily gain confidence through many such small successes. You can extend the effectiveness of the READ•REFLECT•RESPOND lessons in several ways: • Reinforce acquisition of new vocabulary by having students write original sentences that demonstrate the new words’ meanings. • Provide students with an opportunity to develop their oral reading skills by having them take turns reading the selections aloud to the class or a small group. • Improve critical-thinking skills by using the REFLECT questions as a springboard for class or small-group discussion. • Make a group activity of the “Look it up in a reference source” questions. This enables your least-apt students to practice reference skills with the support of their peers.

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ANSWER KEY LESSON 1: Dinners Long Ago (pp. 6–7) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary. 2. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: burping, throwing food on the floor, eating while lying down, eating with one’s fingers 3. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: mead, frumenty, eel pie, boar’s head, peacock, swan, dormice RESPOND: 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. a 5. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: Both ate mainly with their fingers and washed their hands after each course. 6. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: Romans burped to show their appreciation and ate while lying down. Some medieval diners had tasters and they threw bones and food to dogs. 7. c 8. b 9. an alcoholic drink made with honey, water, malt, and yeast 10. broth made from simmered vegetables, meat, or fish, often used as a basis for gravy, sauce, or soup 11. vegetables LESSON 2: Two Pirates (pp. 8–9) REFLECT: 1. The crew takes over command of the ship from the captain. 2. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. noun 2. verb 3. c 4. a 5. POSSIBLE ANSWER: Probably not. In the pirate business, it helps to look intimidating. 6. POSSIBLE ANSWER: They hadn’t caught any pirate ships, so they wouldn’t be paid. 7. off the coast of America 8. Teach/Blackbeard 9. Kidd 10. robbery and murder 11. POSSIBLE ANSWER: He might not have had trouble with his crew. 12. POSSIBLE ANSWER: Probably not. His lifestyle was very dangerous.

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13. In return for a delay in his execution, Kidd offered to reveal the whereabouts of his hidden treasure. His offer was refused. No treasure has ever been found. 14. He let Blackbeard set up bases on the South Carolina coast from which to attack ships. LESSON 3: Movie Bloopers (pp. 10–11) REFLECT: 1. POSSIBLE ANSWER: on TV, DVD, VHS, and PSP; on pay per view 2. POSSIBLE ANSWER: Moviemakers often use computer-generated special effects instead of actual stuntwomen and men. RESPOND: 1. blockbuster = a big hit flawless = perfect inscription = writing interrogation = questioning clearly = obviously 2. a 3. b 4. c 5. b 6. b 7. b 8. a lighting expert on a movie set 9. moves scenery and sets up where a camera shot will go LESSON 4: Jobs in Victorian England (pp. 12–13) REFLECT: 1. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: pesticides and other unhealthy chemicals; harmful fats and sugars; genetically engineered products 2. POSSIBLE ANSWER: They might be eliminated by technology. RESPOND: 1. c 2. b 3. b 4. a 5. a 6. b 7. POSSIBLE ANSWER: a shy person, or someone who didn’t like to talk 8. POSSIBLE ANSWER: someone who liked excitement, working with animals, and killing rats 9. POSSIBLE ANSWER: that his pies contained cat or dog meat 10. POSSIBLE ANSWER: The ferret could fit inside a rat hole. 11. a 12. c 13. 64 years

LESSON 5: Letters to the Editor (pp. 14–15) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary. 2. POSSIBLE ANSWER: in newspapers and magazines, both online and in print 3. POSSIBLE ANSWER: They want to express their views on certain subjects. RESPOND: 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. c 5. c 6. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: •whether or not there should be a ban on pit bulls •whether or not pit bulls are inherently a dangerous breed •whether the dog itself or the irresponsible owner is responsible for the attack 7. What happened was a tragedy. 8. b 9. a 10. a 11. O 12. O 13. F LESSON 6: Different Times, Different Homes (pp. 16–17) REFLECT: 1. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: TV, computers, DVD & CD players, MP3 players, video games 2. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: hot and cold running water, furnace, stove, electricity, refrigerator, telephone RESPOND: 1. b 2. c 3. reading or charades 4. from pumps in the street 5. heated water quickly 6. c 7. a 8. b 9. b 10. b 11. a 12. c 13. a 14. 1850: Millard Fillmore 1930: Herbert Hoover LESSON 7: Maya Lin and “The Wall” (pp. 18–19) REFLECT: 1. CIRCLE: black, engraved, v-shaped, large, granite 2. CIRCLE: awesome, stirring, memorable, touching, provocative 3. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. c 2. d 3. a 4. b 5. b 6. a 7. b 8. inappropriate 9. a student 10. had a second memorial built 11. came to see it every year 12. Answers will vary. 13. civil rights movement

LESSON 8: Shoeless Joe (pp. 20–21) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. b 2. a 3. a 4. declared innocent 5. punished severely to show what can happen when rules are broken 6. b 7. c 8. b 9. c 10. Answers will vary. 11. Landis was the baseball commissioner who banned the White Sox players for life. LESSON 9: A Backstage Dresser at a Fashion Show (pp. 22–23) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. whips, hustle, grabs 5. hurried, crowded, bustling, tense 6. The Big Apple 7. a hairstylist in a high-fashion New York modeling agency 8. as a step toward her goal 9. a 10. b 11. The model might have slipped on the runway. 12. It’s almost time for the model to walk down the runway. LESSON 10: Get Your Sleep! (pp. 24–25) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. a 2. b 3. c 4. b 5. every 90–100 minutes 6. 5–30 minutes 7. heart slows down, breathing slows down, muscles relax 8. 30 9. beneficial 10. Answers will vary. 11. b 12. a 13. b 14. episodes during sleep where a person periodically stops breathing for a short time—perhaps up to 10 seconds LESSON 11: Mary, Queen of Scots (pp. 26–27) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. outraged 2. revolt 3. overthrow 4. rally 5. alarmed 6. implicate 7. 3 8. 1 9. Elizabeth I and Darnley 10. SEQUENCE: 4, 3, 1, 5, 6, 2 11. CIRCLE: determined, bold, religious 12. Mary’s half-brother. 13. He was strangled and then his house was blown up to cover the murder. READ•REFLECT•RESPOND

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LESSON 12: Gaming 101 (pp. 28–29) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. a 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. b 6. a 7. c 8. O 9. F 10. F 11. O 12. b, c 13. POSSIBLE ANSWER: They’ve grown up playing games, so they’re the real experts. They’ll make games that will sell. 14. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: designer (game, environment, characters, stories, sound), artist (environment, character, texture, graphic, FX, technical), programmer (game, AI, UI, animation, environment, visual effects), tester, animator, modeler, writer, composer, digital cinematographer, scripter, game boss LESSON 13: Ketchup (pp. 30–31) REFLECT: 1. CIRCLE: salsa, mustard, honey, soy sauce, mayonnaise, tartar sauce, pickle relish, horseradish, chutney 2. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. c 2. a 3. c 4. a 5. SEQUENCE: 4, 1, 3, 2, 5 6. O 7. F 8. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: •Ke-tsiap was made with pickled fish and spices, while the main ingredient in today’s ketchup is tomatoes. •Today’s ketchup is pre-cooked and bottled. 9. POSSIBLE ANSWER: Men weren’t involved in making ketchup. 10. mustard 11. Answers will vary. LESSON 14: Eliot Ness (pp. 32–33) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. c 2. a 3. c 4. b 5. a 6. a 7. CIRCLE: He tried his luck with several businesses. He was the leader of the “Untouchables.” He was Cleveland’s head of public safety. 8. b 9. c 10. An illegal place to buy liquor. 11. They made and/or sold illegal liquor.

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LESSON 15: HyperActive Bob (pp. 34–35) REFLECT: 1. POSSIBLE ANSWER: to prevent theft 2. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: salads, fruit, yogurt 3. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. c 5. a 6. b 7. c 8. c 9. computer system 10. before 11. waiting 12. used 13. stressful 14. coming to 15. WHERE: Dallas, Texas; WHEN: 1921 LESSON 16: The Amazing Microwave (pp. 36–37) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. T 7. F 8. T 9. It heats the pie from the outside to the inside. 10. The molecules turn so their charges line up with the microwave’s charges. 11. Friction is caused when objects rub against each other. 12. The positive charges line up with negative charges, and the negative charges line up with positive. 13. microscopic 14. differences 15. POSSIBLE ANSWER: The cup has no water and fat, so its molecules are not affected by the microwave. 16. to kill harmful bacteria LESSON 17: Whale Hunting (pp. 38–39) REFLECT: 1. – 2. Answers will vary. 3. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: electricity, wind, gas, coal, oil, sunlight, hydrogen, nuclear energy RESPOND: 1. stop 2. frightened 3. snap 4. finally 5. spear 6. board 7. fat 8. b, c 9. a 10. b, c 11. a, c 12. a, b 13. c 14. NAME OF NOVEL: Moby Dick; YEAR PUBLISHED: 1851 LESSON 18: Simon Wiesenthal: Nazi Hunter (pp. 40–41) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. c 5. b 6. b 7. b 8. F 9. T 10. F 11. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: Communists, homosexuals, and Roma (also known as gypsies)

LESSON 19: Seesaw Science (pp. 42–43) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary. 2. CIRCLE: scissors, hand saw, shovel, potato peeler RESPOND: 1. CIRCLE: dolly, crowbar, ice cream scoop 2. no, yes 3. force 4. fulcrum 5. machine 6. lever 7. T 8. F 9. F 10. T 11. F 12. F 13. F 14. T 15. equal 16. hoisted 17. kind 18. repositioned 19. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: pulley, screw, wedge, wheel and axle 20. Henry Ford LESSON 20: Little-Known Facts About Our Presidents (pp. 44–45) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. a 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. b 6. a 7. a, c 8. b 9. c 10. c 11. a 12. John F. Kennedy LESSON 21: Cars with “Feelings” (pp. 46–47) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. b 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. b 6. CIRCLE: surprise, resentment, joy, fear 7. Answers will vary, but perhaps when a driver allows you to go ahead of him. 8. F 9. F 10. T 11. T 12. F 13. emotions 14. creation 15. furious 16. reacts 17. 1980s LESSON 22: Some Facts About Kissing (pp. 48–49) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary. 2. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: slapping hands, shaking hands, smiling, saying hello 3. curtsy RESPOND: 1. They were afraid they might catch the plague. 2. You were socially superior to the person. 3. POSSIBLE ANSWER: shaking hands 4. POSSIBLE ANSWER: to protect their makeup 5. c 6. a 7. a 8. b

9. affectionate 10. inferior 11. usual 12. public 13. beneficial 14. a group of animals or plants living and growing together LESSON 23: Dangerous Animals (pp. 50–51) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. avoid 2. dusk 3. encounter 4. prey 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. a 9. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: lying down; being still and quiet; not fighting 10. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: avoiding them; hitting them in the face and eyes 11. b 12. d 13. a 14. c 15. •Wash the bite with soap and water. •Immobilize the bitten area and keep it lower than the heart. •Get medical help. LESSON 24: The Lottery (pp. 52–53) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. F 7. F 8. b 9. a 10. c 11. wager 12. submit 13. garbage 14. picture 15. celebrity 16. Both had winning tickets. Both were worse off than before they bet. 17. F 18. O 19. F 20. O 21. F 22. F 23. one thousand times one million LESSON 25: Gun-Control Propaganda (pp. 54–55) REFLECT: 1. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: too lazy; too busy; don’t think the issues or candidates are relevant to their lives; don’t think their vote will make a difference 2. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. senseless 2. chaos 3. numerous 4. dispute 5. opponent 6. b 7. a 8. a 9. O 10. F 11. O 12. People would not be allowed to own handguns. 13. Nothing. Things would stay the same. 14. the process of spreading or promoting particular ideas to help one’s own cause or to damage an opponent’s cause

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LESSON 26: How to Survive an Earthquake (pp. 56–57) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. touch 2. moved 3. handle it 4. back and forth 5. catches fire 6. a, b, c 7. b 8. c 9. b 10. a 11. 8.6 LESSON 27: Another Look at Abe Lincoln (pp. 58–59) REFLECT: b, e, f RESPOND: 1. legislature 2. nominate 3. piercing 4. forge 5. address 6. b 7. c 8. a, b 9. a 10. a, c 11. c 12. Four score and seven years ago . . . SUPER LESSON: The Olympics: Mirror of the World (pp. 60–63) REFLECT: 1. – 2. Answers will vary. 3. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: •WATCHING ON TV: close-up views, replays, more comfortable seating •WATCHING LIVE: more exciting, fun to be with other fans 4. Answers will vary.

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RESPOND: 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 5. c 6. b 7. a 8. amateurs 9. scholarships 10. excluded 11. commercialized 12. billions 13. African-American 14. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: Many felt it was inappropriate to continue the games after such a tragedy. 15. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: Poorer athletes had to work to support themselves. Richer athletes didn’t have to worry about making money, so they could devote full time to training. 16. b, d, e 17. c 18. a 19. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: In the 1988 games, •there were many more nations participating. •they admitted professional athletes. •the events were shown on TV. •Ben Johnson lost his gold medal after testing positive for steroids. 20. SEQUENCE: 5, 3, 1, 2, 4 21. Answers will vary.