Dictionary of Turkic Languages

w

AUVNOIIJIO

DICTIONARY of the TURKIC LANGUAGES eql Jo

sgcvncNv'I CIXUnT •

DICTIONARY

of the

TURKTC LANGUAGES ENGLISH: AZERBAUANI, KAZAKH, KYRGYZ, TATAR, TURKISH, TURKMEN, UIGHUR, UNEK

Kurtulug Oztopgu Zhoumagaly Abuov - Nasir Kambarov Youssef Azemoun

,r{L8",

-^4F\:

rRat

v= ' 4 F..oor

London and New York

tuFrufr

ffl rrfic ltrRGr-,[6B?eE Simultancusly poblidr.d in tu l,rSA adHtf 29 West 35th Street, New Yorlq NY l(mt First published in paperback 1999 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor

ndatr

& Francis Croup

Reprinted 1999 O 1996 Kurtulug Oztopgu Set ln METtmes: Giirel/Saye4 Cambrldge, MA" USA Anatollano, and Uzbekkazakh: Geoffrey frrabam, Berkeley, CA, USA Ulghur: M. Rrza Betin, Dotu Turkistan Vakfi , Istanbul, Ttirkiye Database was destgned using 4th Dlmension for Macintosh. Layout was done with Word 5.1 for Macintosh. Customized multiltngual database and camera ready copy: Interactive Media and Geographic Information Systems, Oxnar( CA, USA. Printed in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd., Padstow, Cornwall

All rights reserved. No part of thts book may be reprinted or reproduced e1 slilizsf in any fonn or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, lncluding photocopytng and recording, or ln any infonnation storage or retrleval system, without pemdssion in writing from tbe publisbers. brirish Library Cataloguing in Publication Data catalogue record for this book is available from the British

A

Librry

Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data A dictionary of the Turkic languages: English, Azerbaijani, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tatar, Turkish, Turlmen, Uighur, Uzbek/I(urtulug Oztop,gu... et. al. 1. English language - Dictionaries - Turkic I. Oztopgu, Kurtulug, 1950-. PL26.D531996 423'.943-dc20 96-5893 rsBN 0-415-14 r98-2 (hbk) ISBN Hls-I6M7-2 (pbk)

1V

For Mr Htkmet Aksan and Mrs Belkrs Aksan

v

Contents Preface

Alphabets and Transcription Systems Guide to Pronunciation Table of Alphabets and Transcriptions Notes on Entry Selection and Sryle Abbreviations Acknowledgments

Dictionary.

ix x xi

xii xiv XV

xvi

............

Index Index Index Index...... Index...... Index...... Index...... Index......

- English Azerbuiani J9 Kazakh - Engksh Kyrgyz - English Tatar - English Turkish - English Turkmen - English Uighur - English Uzbek - English

I

........171 ................ 195

................217 ...............239

..........263 ........285 ............309

.............339

vli

Preface This is the first English - Turkic languages dictionary to include all the eight major Turkic languages in their gtficlal alphabets, together with a convenient transcription system for those without an official Latin alphabet. It is also the first dictionary to use the riew Latin alphabets for the Turkmen and Uzbek languages. The dictionary is followed by eight Turkic language - English indices, one for each of the Turkic lang_uages included. The dictionary and the indices together fulfill an urgent need fo.{.1 multilingual guide to these languages, which are spo-ken by approximltely 150

mil[on people.

The new official Latin alphabets for Azerbaijani, Turkmen and Uzbek, employed in this d_ictionary, were adopted during the past thiee years as Azerbaijan, Turkineiristan and Uzbekistan became independenl They will, however, probably ndt be fully implemented for some time. $e--sponsibility for the content and editing of the individual languages was undertaken as

follows:

azgrbaljani, Turkish

an_d Uighur: Kurtulug Oztopgu, Visiting Assistant Professor of Languages at the Uliyepity of California, Los Angeles, and Visiring Ircturer for IutS.. Turkish at the University of California, Berkeley. Kazakh and Kyrgyz: Zhoumagaly Abuov, Kazak State Law Institute. Uzbek and Tatan N*it Kambarov, Uzbek State World Languages University. Turkmen: Youssef Azemoun, Turkmen expert.

The duties of the editor included the following: Compiling the basic English word list; incorporating all the changes in the officjal scripts that have occurred since the project began; determining.the requirements of a suitable database; editing, organizing ind inputting all of the data; checking for accuracy; finding attractive an-d workable fonts; coordinating the translations, the work of the authors andreviewers; preparing indices for all languages; and producing the final copy.

lx

Atphabets and Transcriptton Systems Turkish is given only in the official Latin alphabet, in use since 1928.

Azerbaijani, Turkmen and Uzbek are given in both their official Cyrillic and Latin scripts. In the following table of alphabets and transcriptions the Azerbaijani Latin alphabet is in its official alphabetical order, however the Cyrillic alphabet has been reordered to create a one to one correspondance with the Latin. For Turkmen and Uzbek since there is no one to one correspondance between their official Latin and Cyriltic alphabets these are provided simply in their official alphabetical order. Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Tatar, which have no official Latin-based scripts, are given in their official Cyrillic alphabets and in our Latin transcriptions in parenthesis. While the Latin transcriptions of these different languages are almost identical, there is no absolute one-to-one correspondence between the cyrillic letters and the Latin transcription because one sound in one language may be rendered by a different Cyrillic letter in another. Uighur is given in its official Arabic script and in our Latin ranscription in parenthesis.

X

Guide to Pronunclatlon In the Turkic languages most words are pronounced

as they are writ[en, and each character usually has the same pronunciation no matter where in a word it occurs. In this dictionary we have provided either an official Latin script or a Latin transcription for each Turkic language. In the transcriptions we have prefened generally understood signs that reflect pronunciation rather than less well known, more scholarly symbols. Several different characters in the official Latin scripts and in the transcriptions correspond to either the same or similar sounds in English.

One character may be pronounced differently in different languages. Thus "8" is pronounced slightly differently in Azerbaijani and Turkish. The characters in the following chart should be noted because either they do not exist in the English alphabet, or because they may not be pronounced in the Turkic languages as they are in English.

Latin alphabet English or transcription equivalent c

as in gentleman as in child

a

e e a

as in as in as in as in

g

lehl

g'

lehl as in serial as in measure as in song

I

I

j

fr

o

ot tt q

I i.i

x r

v v

dad say bet dad

in qaalm as in boy as in tlrn as in guard or /kh/ as in s/rirt like German rr tvhl as in measure as in serial as in yes as

Appears in these languages... Azerbaijani, Turkish Azerbaijani, Turkish, Turkmen Azertaijani Turkish all Turkic languages except Turkish Kazakh, Tatar, Turkmen, Uighur Azerbaijani and Turkish Uzbek Azerbaijani, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tatar, Turkish Azerbaijani and Turkish Turkmen Uzbek Uzbek all Turkic languages except Uzbek Azerbaijani Azerbaijani, Turkish, Turkm en all Turkic languages except Uzbek Azerbaijani, Uzbek Turkmen Turkmen Turkmen

xi

Teble of Alohabets Latin Cyrillic

Cyrillic Trans.

Cyrillic

e e

K

0)

a b

a

6

a a

c

rt{

6

I

q

B

(v)

d

A

r

r

x

e

e o

f

f A

G) Gh) (d)

0

(

g

(yo)

3

I

K

e e

(zh)

h

f h

E

x

x

I

A

i

bI H

k

r

T

q I

u

I M

a

j

m n

x

r

H

B

r A

(a) (b) (v) (e)

(d)

(yo)

(z)

3

(z)

H

(i)

LI

3

(z)

A

Pt

(i) (y)

YI

(ityl)

K

(y) (k)

K

(k)

T

(l)

T

(l)

M

(m)

M

(q)

H

(n)

TI

(m) (n)

(l)

I{

(ng)

o

(m) (n)

o o

(ng)

n

p c

(r)

rt

(o) (6) (p)

n

H

o

(o)

p

(r)

T

(o) (p)

c

(s)

T

(r) (u) (ri)

v 0

(r) (u)

K

X

e

e

u

tyle)

(y) (k)

p c

(r)

T

(t) ([u]w)

p

n

I s

p c

$

ill

v

t

T

u u

v

Y Y

Y

0

v v

B

I

B

6

e H

o

3

6

a

(tyle)

(t

z

a

Cyrillic Trans.

e

o

j

Trans. (a) (b) (v) (s) (d) (e) (yo)

(a) (a) (b)

(s)

(u)

v Y

0 x q

rI

(cn1

(kh) (ts) (ch) (sh) (shch)

IT

(sh)

(shch)

b

(')

bI

(r)

b

(')

a

e Y

(e) (yu) (ya) (a) (6) (ri)

X,

0)

b

(rs)

bI

rl

(ch)

b

UI

(sh)

q t

a

(shch)

x)

(')

ll

bI

(r)

I

(i)

q

b

(')

h

a

(e) (yu) (ya)

r.

xii

(') 0) (') (e) (yu) (ya)

1rs)

q

rq

x)

(D

(0

(kh) (h)

h q

(s)

(kh)

q

x

(o) (p)

x t{

(ii) (0

UI

(zh)

x) s.

a

(ng)

(h)

Latin

Cyrillic

Latin

a

a

a

Arabic Trans.

Cyrillic latin

IJ

(a)

a

a

.t

(e)

6

b

B

d

b

6

b

c

B

I

(b)

d

r

e

13

(p) (r)

A

f

G

0)

e

g

E

(ch) (kh)

e

h

X

t

j

I

r

d

A

e

e

e

a

f

e

f

g

X

g

g

E

h

s

(d)

3

h

3

i

(r)

H

I

YI

j

)

)

(z)

i4

k I

)

(zh)

K

m

a

i

t4

j

r

K

k

(s)

JI

n

k

T

I

(sh)

M

o

I

M

m

t.

Gh)

H

p

m

H

n

fi

(q)

o

o

o

,t)

(k)

o II p

q

II

*i ,j

(0

n

tt p

e

tt

c

t

p

5 J

G)

n

(ng)

T

u

r

p

r

J

v

c

s

t

0) (n)

v

s $

T

$

i)

t

v

t

I

u

Y

u

ii

0

u

v

x

w

v

4

z

rI

v v

tu

z

u[

b bI

r s

0

x

(n) (h)

x

v

q

z

(o) (u)

rI UI

ot g'

tr

(o)

b

sh

-f

(ii) (v)

b

ch

a

rg

(e)

m

(i)

f,

(y)

v r, f

-,1

-tr

J

€ € f

b a a

(')

X

X}

T

x11l

Notes on Entry Selectlon and Style The English corpus of approximately 8ffi words was selected from several lists of "most frequently used words." The remainder were added to meet the needs of the most likely users: students, businessmen, linguists, and tourisLs. Since an eight-language dictionary cannot be both porrable and comprehensive, an English entry is defined with the single most common Turkic equivalent from each Turkic language, unless two Turkic words are needed for a full definition. Thus under the entry "brother" the reader will find both the Uzbek "aka" and "uka" because the first means "older brother," the second "younger brother." An exception was also made for some Tatar words, where two equivalents are provided. The reason for this is that Tatar has uniquely been under Russian influence for more than four centuries so that colloquial Tatar has come to include a substantial number of borrowed Russian words.

Since this work is also, by way of its indices, a Turkic languages - English dictionary, some English entries were selectnd not because they are in common use in English but because of the frequent use of ti.eir Turkic equivalents. Thus we included such entries as "(be) bored," "(be) born" and words for objects common in the Turkic world such as "mulberry," "pomegranate," and "quince." To indicate that an entry word is being defined in a restricted sense, it is followed either by a subject category marker (e.g. "branch bot.", thus not a "branch of a bank"), by an abbreviation for a grammatical category (e.9. n., adj., adv.), or, if these do not suffice, by an explanation in parenthesis (e.g. "bright 1=6u11 of light)", thus not "intelligent'). The grammatical category designations that follow the English entry word apply only to that entry word, as the Turkic equivalents may not belong in the same grammatical category.

If the transitive and intransitive forms of an English verb

are both in common use, they

are entered separately and marked vt. or vi.

Verbs are entered by verb stem followed by a dash indicating the infinitive suffix, rather than the traditional practice in single-language dictionaries in which verbs are entered in their infinitive form.

xlv

Abbrevlatlons adjadv.

adjective adverb

med.

a,8.

agriculnre

art.

afis astronomy botany clothing conjunction culinary, food & utensils economics & finance geography geology geometry interjection

mus. n. num.

ast. bot. cln. conj. cul. econ. geo-

geol. Seom

interj. jud. ling.

lit. math.

judiciary linguistics & grammar literature mathematics

mil.

phv. phys. pol. pre. preppro. rel. spor. tech. v.

vi. vt. zool.

medicine military music noun numeral physics physiology politics press preposition pronoun religion sporls, games & physical educ. technology & tools verb verb intransitive verb transitive zoology

Signs:

x

*

synonym similar in meaning antonym additional information about enuy word used to indicate the infinitive suffix after Turkic verb stem

xv

Acknowledgments My co-authors and I would like to acknowledge the help of the following, without whose [.tp -tttt. project would not have been realized: Jala Garibova, Ralph Jaeckel, Agnes Sefeli-Clay, Kamran M. K[akimoy, Elmira Kochumkulova, Gulbahar Mamur, Alnur Oztopgu, Gcineng Oztopgu, Ozden Oztopgu, Seda Oztopgu, Mehmet M. Tulum, Ibadulla Zakhirov, Nadirbek Zheerenchiev, and Rakhmanova M. Zhumabekovna for checking various sections of the dictionary; Andreas J. E. Bodrogligeti and Giiliz Kuruollu foi their continuous support; my dear friend Suha Ulgln for designing a flExible, multilingual,. multiscript and multimedia database; Marla A. Petal, my agent, for recognizing the importance of this work and finding rhe right pubLisher; and last but not least, Simon Bell, senior editor at Routledge, a Turkophile and an enthusiastic supporter of the project from its inception. All shortcomings of the dictionary are, of course, the responsibility of the authors. Kurmlug Oztopgu Editor

XVI

DICTIONARY ENGLISH : AZERBAUANT, KAZAKH, KYRGYZ, TATAR, TURKISH, TURKMEN, UIGHUR; UZBEK

about

Dictionary of the Turkic l-anguages

add

ebout adv.

sbstroct adj.

2. ruarrarrQrn (shanamen) 3. qaxacrr uelreg

1. uruappeA mticonad 2. adcrparr (abstrakt) 3. aocrparryy (abstraktuu) 4. a6crpaKr (abstrakt)

l. raxur*ras te:aninan (c-fiamffim,efren)

4. qauacnr (chamasr) 5. tahminen 6.'raxunuran talmynan 7. g.;-;.c (tiikhminin) t. raxurlHas taxminan

rbout prep.

l.

harrurlIAa haqqrnda

(arwralt) 2. W 3. ryypanyy (tuuraluu) 4. xarurrga (khakmda) 5. hakkmda 6. oapaga barada

7. r.r^iio 8. xaXrUa

(heqqide)

l.

v.

e.nana

sr-

slave et-

5. *-!sovut 6. aocrpam abstrakt 7. c3l ,u+tr (abstrakt) 8. uanryu mavhum

2. Eg- (qos-) 3. roru- (kosh-) 4. ryu- (kush-) 5.e\!e6. rou- gog7. -::' (qosh-) 8. KyuI- qo'sh-

accept

additlon math. n.

v.

1. re6yx er- qebul et2. x,a6unu,a- (qabrlda-)

aJr- tliabrl al-) 3. F6b-r,'r 4. raoyn nr- (kabul it-) 5. kabul et6. xaoyr ar- kabul et-

7. -J;

.;*;

(qobul qil-)

8. x,a6y.r X,u-

qabul qil-

1. Jmruraua toplama

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Kocy (qosuw) xoruyy (koshuu)

rourua

go$ma

7.

;*y

(qoshush)

ryuy

(kushu) toplama

8. x.ymnil

qo'shlsh

haqida

ebove adv.

l. iyxaprrga yuxanda 2. xoraprrga (zhoghanda) 3. noropyao (iogorudo) 4. nraprr4a (yuganda) 5. yukanda 6. erapta lokarda 7. l,:,, -2i5a (yuqirida)

accldent

(*raffic)

n.

address n.

8. anapHr avariya

l. vnnas iinvan 2. a4)ec (adres) 3. a.qpec (adres) 4. aApec (adres) 5. adres 6. aApec adres 7.,r..1;sU (adres) 8. a2pec adres

account n.

adjecttve ling.

l.

reea qeza 2. auapxr (avarlya) 3. anapnr (avariya) 4. anapnr (avariya)

5. kaza 6. anapur awarlfa

7. l;u (qaza) \,U

8- nxopn,qa yuqorida

rbove prep.

l. vcrru4a iistiinda

2. vcrisle (iisttnde) 3. vcrrnAe (iistiindO) 4. efl€rrAa (Ostendii) 5. iisttinde 6- vcrrnAe tistiinde

7.

t;.-1,

(iistide)

t.

ycru4a

ustida

l.

hacao hesab

2. ecen (yesep) 3. acen (esep) 4. Hcan (is[p) 5. hesap 6. xacan basap 7. .-,!t-r.r (hesabat) 8. xucoo hisob

l. Azerbaijani Z.Kazak& 3.Kytgyz

l. cn@r sifat

n.

2.

cnrH ecil4lsrn yestm)

3.

@f6i6E(srn

aroocn)

4. cuESar (sryfat) 5. srfat 6. cnrnrr sypat 7. *b (siip[t) 8. cuQa'r sifat

4. Tatar 5. Turkish 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek

admlre

admlre

l.

Dctionary of the Turkic knguages v.

hejpau on- heyran ol2. 1arraaj- (tangdan-) 3. riE--arr- (hngdan-) 4. corrann_In ralrurT op(soklqrp karap tor-) 5. hayran ol6. gggar tlsin gal-

7. -Jx j.1U

(qayil bol-) qoyil qol-

8 @p*adult n. I . hag.qu-oYtryra

rlarubrrrr haddi-btilu$a qatmrq

2. e.Eggegr (yer zhetken) 3. ooFro -- KerKeH --: (boygo jetken)

4. oylha x,r{rKau Ouyga ji*en) 5.

Xg*tn

6. gnbr

sr€g

ia$y ieten

...Si yru*

enother adj.

l.gury bagqa

2. '@51 (basqa) 3. oaruxa Oasfrka) 4. 6auxa (bast*a)

5. bagka 6. 6aura

7. tiit{

ba$ga

(bashqa)

8. 6orilEa

n.

rrrasa6 cavab xayan (zhawap)

3. arioaH (ayban) 4. xarbarr (khayvan) 5. hayvan 6. xatrsan haiwan

tnger n. l- nasad oazab

z@

v. 1. r{asa6nep cavabver2. xayau oep (zhawap ber-) 3. xoon oep (ioop ber-) 4. qasarr 6rp (avap bir-) 5. cevap ver6. x,oran Oep jogap ber(iavabbtir) 7. -r, =lJt+ javobber8. xaaoooep

1. 2. 3. noon (ioop) 4. 4anau (avap) 5. cevap 6. x,orau jogap 7. vljt+ (iavab) 8. xasoo javob

tnt zool. n. 1. trrglulla qanqqa 2. roIEgg (qumrsqa) 3. ryuypcra (kumurska) 4. nrpumcra ftumrska) 5. @tg.a 6. rapun4a

garynja

7.!_b-b (chiiniila) 8. gyuory chumoli antanna te:h. n. 1. arrrenna antenna 2. armenua (antenna) 3. aurenna (antenna) 4. amenna (antenna) 5. anten 6. arrrerura antenna 7. L';r:;tr (antenna) 8. anremra antenna

boshqa

l- Azerbaljant 2. Kazakh 3.Kyrgyz 4. Tatar

5.

Turkish 6. Turkmen

7.

Ulghur 8. Uzbek

8ny

Dictionary of the Turkic lamguages

any pron.

l.

hap

2. ap, ap riu,

ap 6ip (iir, iir kim, er bi-r)

3. ap. Hepqe (ar, nerse)

4.@gg@,'vi -.+jr_a

(telilsl nindi)

5. herhansi 6. ftffin 7. ;l.r;lir+r

islentlik (hiirqandaq)

8 @ rryggd l.

.ryqgA, hap xac kimsa, her kes 2. ap riu, oipey (er klm, btrew)

3.6npoe,apKrlM Oird0, ar kim)

4. hapreu, xerdAep (hlirkem, kemder)

5. kimse, herkes 6. xep ruu her kim 7. 3,-, ,?s I

ffim,@

xa.rf,Ma, xaD K}IM

@harktm anythlog pron. !ap_han$_r orp ruej har hansr bir gey oip Hapce (bir niirse) q,ru*ggpgg (bir nerse) qelgp Hapc? (beriir niirsil) herhan$l bir Sey xaicnr xeM 6o.nca 6r{p 3ar haisy hem bolsa bir zat

ard r o--r Oirtirniirsit) 9npop napca biror narsa

l.

1. uansrut manzil 2. narep (piter) 3. oarup (batir) 4. @rrp, KBilyrupa (fatir, kvartira) 5. apartman dairesi 6. rnaprupa kwartira 7. *n t*r Oina tiyl 8. xuaprnpa kvartira

apple bot. n.

l.

2.

apologlze

y.

1. vsp!rcr€- tizrista2. reruipiu crpa-

spply

(keshirim sura-)

3. reurpmr

cypa(kechtrtn sura-) raQy copa- (gafu sora-)

4. 5. 0ztir dile6. sryrrq copa- 0tiing

7.

-lt.r fj:j;6

(kflchiirUm sora-) 8. yrp cypa- uzr so'ra-

a.rnra alma anria (alma) anaa (alma) arnra (alma)

3. 4. 5. elna 6. anra alrn 7. Utr (alma) 8- oaxa olma

har qanday

anybody pron.

U.

7. -Jx l.qr, @eydabol-) 8. rrarilo 6yr- paydo bo'l-

apartment n.

harrcrr har hansr

sora-

l.

(=make a request) v. xrparnrar er- mfrraciat

et-

z-

@rotin-l

3. ervu- (6En-) 4. uepeqararb rrr(gr0dijegat' it-)

s.@r:9

6.

apaa

6ep,

arza brur-,

apology 1. vsp rin

n.

2. reruipiu (keshirim)

l. d-@(kechirim) i@f'(krcherii) - #

4.

f.

ozur

6. erynqcopaMa Otung sorama

7. ;c 8. pp

7. -l;

u"t

x,rurmurojaat qil-

appointment (=engagement) n. 1 . ra'jr*r oJrynuyrrr Kepyur ta'yin olunmuq gtiriiq

2. reagecy

uzr

3.

v. 1. xeprn- gOrtin-

2. repin- (kttrin-) 3. repru- (kdriin-) 4. rvpeu- (ktiren-) 5. gortin6. repnr- gdrUn-

=1.'. (iltimasqil-)

8. uypoxaar

(apu)

sppear

itrr r5/t

j&_g

(kezdesuw)

@(kezdeshiiii)

4. ouparuy (ochrashu) 5. randevu 6. ffirymbTr.i dugugyk

7.@(uchrishish) 8. yupauyn

uchrashuv

AzerbaijanL 2.Kazal& 3.Kyrgyz 4. Tatar 5. Turkish 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek

appolntment

fXrionary of the Turkic languages

lppolntmont (=n55igning to a position) n. railtt te'yin

April

ann phys. n.

n. 1. arrpen aprel

1. ron qol 2. ror (qol) 3. ron (kol) 4. ryr (kul) 5. kol 6. ma gol

2.@B

(k6kek) t(aprel') (taghaymdaw) 3. arrpem !- nrarbm4ay (daymdoo) l- .qArbrlqoo , 4. aupem (aprel') (tflgayenlAii)ir-- 5. nisan 4-@

lffi"'** ?-

g:i

j)&-d(: (tiiyinliish)

6. aupezr aprel 7. &xv (aprel) 8. anpenr aprel'

z.64tunarl 8. x,in qo'l

$- mrlranaaru tayinlash

archltect

n. 1. ue'uap me'ma-r 2.f..qj-*roul(slwletsht) 3. apxurexmp (arkhitektor) 4. apxrrexrop (arkhitektor) 5. mimar 6. apxurerrop arhitektor

ryprosch v. t- txrttutgu- yaxrnlag!- rar.nruAa- (zhaqrnda-) I- rarnrnga- (akmda-)

l-

n

born: be born 1.4oryn- do[ul2. rywn- (tuwrl-) 3. ryyn- (tuul-) 4. ry- (tu-) 5. dog6. totyr- dogul7. JI' (tughul-) 8. ryrlrl- tug'il-

borrow

tashvishlandir-

y.

v.

bottle

n. 1. unua Etigo 2. unara (shiysha)

3. aprex oara (crkek (ir balir) 5. o[lan 6. or,narr oglan

4..1{'@

3. 6etsrxe (bot0lk0) 4. ruerua (sheshii) 5. gige 6. uYtlue guitge 7. 8;;:, (botulka) 8. rupuua

8.

both ... and conj. 1. hau ... hau 4a harn... ham da 2. rc.,.sa (da ... da) 3. M...sa (da ... da) 4. hau... hera (ham ... hiim)

5. bem ... hem 6. xeu,.. xen hem... hem 7. f- . .. f lr (hZim ... haim) 8. xau .,. xaM ham... ham

4.;al(mi)

5. beyin 6. oeiam belni

7.S;_t*gryl 8.

@ i.€b b.rlr' 8. lffil

uur

miya

branch bot. n.

kamon

1. 6yAat budaq 2. ovt-ax (butaq) 3. oy"rar (butak) 4. omar (botak) 5. cel 6. uraxa gaha 7. (tr (shakh) 8. ruox shox

kasa

2. xece (kese) 3. xece (kese) 4. raca (kasA) 5. kise 6.

6o/ra og'il bola

1. oejrur beyin 2. ry@iv) 3. Ug9 (mee)

bowl cul. n. 1. xaca

lrxa

bratn phys. n.

shtsha

OoPr+r

7. L (va) 8. ranon

bala)

7. it{ J}i (ogtlrl bala)

an- borc al2. x,apnrs ar- (qanz at-) bow mil. n. 3. rapnr: an- (kanz al-) l. i{ vav 4. oypntxa a.rr- Ounchka al-) 2.@ (sadaq) 5. cidting al3. caa,qar (saadak) 6. rapa a.n- karz al4. x.as fiaya) 5.yay (titna 7. -JV "s;; al-) 6. {.t iaji 8. raps on- qarz ol1.

(ashik)

a.Seulggjg.o

(trnrchsrzla-) rahatsrz et-

irging

n.

1. ryry qutu 2. xaurix (zhiishik)

4.Truurystgta-

stkrcr

6. Nprarru

box

bother

bortng adj.

okara (oacha) '

kosa

l. Azerbaijani 2. Kazalrh 3.Kyrgyz 4. Tatar

5.

Turkish

6.

Turkmen 7. Uighur

8" Uzbck

lzt

Dictionary of the Turkic I-anguages

uecyp casur

2.QrW.(baul) 3. raitparryy (kayrattuu) 4. 6amrp (baur) 5. cesur 6. 6arrtp batyr 7. t-+ fiisur) 8. raap4 mard

1. 4gg1 dtiq

2. euuer (yemshek) 3. arrqer (emchek) 4. rnCggf (imchak)

7. 8.

,.;$

(koks)

gllgt

2. Has (nan) 3. narr (nan) 4. rxrrar (ikn{k) 5. ekmck 6. ueper grirek 7. irU (nan) 8. non non

,trf

ko'krak

2.tBtr (dem) 3. ApM (dem;

,

a'@un)

5. nefes 6. Aeu dem

7.

,rrti

8.

na(Dac nafas

brldge

n. 1. xeprrv korpti 2. r6ffi-DGtipir) (kdpiint) 3. 4. rrnep (kiiper)

-erwpo 5. kciprti 6. renpH kopri

(nlipiis)

7.{rj!;Go11$) 8.

break vt. 1. cbrH/Frp srndrr2. crurlprp (srndrr-) 3. crnrrrp (srndrr-) 4. cnru.qrp (srndr-) 5. krr6. .qep dow7. -:j.u; (sundur-) 8. cnngnp- sindtrn. l. cahap jeuaju sahar yemayi 2. rarreureru'i ac - Gor-) inga et-

5. kahverengi 6. rottyp goflur

6.@,

7. ,$-r'gggg)

8.ryp-

patrr jigar 8. xr.rrap # _

j butldtng n. l.

3. xypy;ryur (kurulush)

4. at*ta (bina) 5. bina 6. onna

7. t+

(chotka)

n.

" bull zool. n.

1. oyra bufa 2. orx,a (buqa) 3. oyra (buka) 4. vres (tigez) 5. bola 6. oyra buga 7. ti;" Ouqa) 8. oyr,a buqa

4. .gg49r (chiliik) 5. kova

6.@

bedre

(cheliik)

8. qe.rax

chelak

budget econ. n. 1. oYlrqre biidca

2.

(bina)

cho'tka

(chaka)

7. .J.J'3

bina

8. oruro bino

l. pgrup vedre 2. Ueney (shelek) 3' Igrg

orura bina

z Gfu(qunlrs)

2. ugrra (shchyotka) 3. qBrra (shchyotka) 4. gqgg(sbchyotka) 5. Lt$g 6. qmra gotga

bucket

qur-

rang

n. gnrpua frrqa

7. & -l 8. ulrra

sal-, gur-

7. -rF (qur-).

brush

l.

ryp-

awryer(byudzhet)

3. oroAge'r (byudjet) .. 4. 6rotwe'r (byudzhct) Vt's. r ' 6. 6nxer byulet 7. ':.tr s} (budjet) 8. ororyrr byudjet

!9199

,

burglat

n. 1. orpy o$u 2. Yn Tolrayl-rbl (iiy tonawshr) 3 . Yriro-iro?fqy (tiy tonoochu) a. Xglgj (karak) 5. hrstz 6. orpnt ogry

7. o-*-f (oghri) 8. lrpu o'g'ri

Azerbaijani 2. Kazakh 3.Kyrgyz 4.Tatar 5. Turkish 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek

3

t

Dictionary of the Turkic languages

burn vi. l. jaH- yan-

burn

23

n

buslness n.

l.

2. xau- (zhan-) 3. xau- (ian-) 4. cu- (yan-) 5. yan6. sr- yan7. -:;5 (koy-) 8. ur- yon-

8.

burn

buslnessman n.

2. ic (is) 3. *nu,6rnnec (ish, 4. cav4a (sliidfl) 5. ticaret, ig 6. ces.qa stiwda

7. lsz-

vt. jar4prp 1. yandu-

2. xar- (zhagh-) 3. xar- (iak-) 4. trHtprp (yandrr-) 5. yak6. rr- iak7. -:j+f (kciydiir-) 8. e(- yoq-

bury v. l. oaqr,nrp basdrr-

2. reu- (kdm) 3. ren- (kOm) 4. rru- (kiim-) 5. gdm6. ruu- grim-

7.

biznes)

rau

savdo, ish ,

1. ousgecuen biznesmen 2. icxep (isker) 3. ggtg- (ishker)

5. 6. oFuecraeH biznesmen 7. ,&sr* (sodlgitr) 8. nlounapMorr ishbilarmon ---->busy adj.

n. arrodyc avtobus 2. arrooyc (avtobus) 3. ar:n6yc (avtobus)

l.

anroOyc (avtobus)

5. otobUs 6. anro6yc

awtobus

7. ,-rl;;i9

(aptobus)

8. antodyc

avtobus

2. Kazakh

8.

Gosn dukani)

ryurAirona

go'sht do'koni

butter cul. n. 1. repejarnl keraya$r 2, caprr uarl (san nray) 3. MaH (may) 4. capnr uali (san rr,ay) 5. tereyalr 6. uecre rr mesge lag 7. qU ,j, ry (seriq may) 8. capn€r sariyog'

(aldirash)

gau.q band

but

conj. 1. auua arnma 2. oipax Giraq) 3. oupox (birok)

'butterfly

zool. n. 1. renauer kepenak 2. redenex (k0belek)

3. reneaer (k6p0lttk) 4. ryoelax (kiibfilfik) 5. kelebek 6. reoeler kebelek 7. Jordapul

check econ.

chess spor. n.

2. tv.afita

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. qex gek 7. Jt (chiik) 8. qer chek

8.@p

rursi

chrnge (=alter) vt. l. aajmlg,llp dayiEdir2. _6ilEF (ozgert-) 3. esrepr.- (ozgdrt-) 4. rsnayr'. (iizsZirt-) 5. 6eltstir} 6. yfrrrsr- iiytget7. -;rE35t (+lryo.rr hilol

(qrLnrs)

l. -ffiitsdutnlstr)

4. u,rcrarrr (iinayat') s.610 6.

6. @Tr.rl defi

?.@(dve)

n.

l. uumaiar cinayat

iffia,

r,eHarr

giin?i, jenaiat

7. o.:b- (inayiit) 8. mrrorr jinoyat

crlmlnal

n. 1. warrajarxap cinayetkar 2. q,rrrnmrcrep (qrlmrsker) 3 . (E=mBTffiCD (krhn r shker) . 4. -------------g-' x,llrra-rrlue (inayat'che)

5. suglu 6. rrgonra, EeHaxrqbl gtiniili, jenaiatgy

7' o;'{l.*+ (iinaYttchi) 8. xnuorrqu jinoyatchi crocodile zool. 1. rr.nrcah timsah

n.

2. xporogu (laokodil) 3. xporo4rnn Qcrokodil) 4. rpoxogsa (krokodil) 5. dmsah 6. xporo4an krokodil 7. et" ,.: (drrsab) 8. rrancol, timsoh

1. radaga

Kerru.ryr

piyada kegidi 2. xon4rnl (r.rburbrcbr (zboldrng qiyrhsr)

3. xoagyq nrrbr.mrqnr $jldung-krVrhchr) 4. qon uam{_(yul chau) 5. mFsec-idt

6.@fgeselge 7

.

J- ,Fy

uohcyl mahsul

2. eriH (yegin) 3. an*r (esin) a. M6hi("unersh)

5.kEin'r 6. araH ekin 7. Jr* (hosul) 8. 4ocr.Lrr hosil

l.

rapna qarEa

7.

@

2. q,apra (qargha) 3. rapra (karga) 4. rapra (karga) 5. karga 6. rapra garga (qagha)

8. x,apra qarg'a Crowd n. 1. lqmhru izdiham 2. ren xurbr4 GOp Ura1ql 3. rannrr{ aa (kahng el) 4. xarmrr rtopKeue (khal* rtirkeme) 5. kalabahk 6. uopexe miireke (adllmllir topi)

8.[o4lTo€

I

i I

i

Tatar

olomon

" cruel adj.

l.

sa.rbnd zahm

2. XggA (qaral) 3. raraa.n (kataal) 4. vapxausrce3 (m?rkh{mttsez) 5. zalim 6. s&trbru zalym

.J

8. porroc"g 3. Kyrgyz 4.

"k

crow zool. n.

7. '.*r l. Azerbaijani 2. Kazakh

:"L

(piyadiltu 0tish yoli) 8. uoppaxp chorraha

7. ,oli ,+L rctt

crop ag. n.

l.

Cro8swalk n.

5.

(rdhimsiz)

rahmsiz

Turkish 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek

crush

crush

l.

38

culture

vt.

n. ua4arrHjjar madaniyyot 2. ua4errHer (miidentyet)

l.

as- az2. s- (yez-) 3. sr- (ez-) 4. *n- (iz-)

5. ez6. onpa'r-

owrat-

7. -:r (Lz-) 8. m- ez-

3. uagannrr (matLuiyat) 4. ua4arlrlrr (miidiiniyat) 5. kiilttir 6. ueAerrusr medeniiet 7. c,.*; rsr. (miidiiniyAt) 8. uagarrHrr madaniyat

Dictionary of the Turkic [anguages

cure

l.

med- n. uyaru*ra rnrialica

2. eru (yem) 3. ar'r (em) 4. 4ana.rray (dlvalau) 5. tedavt 6. mu em

7. ;Yl3ls

(davalastr)

8. Aanolaur

davola-sh

cry v. l. ar,rra- a$la-

cup cul.

2. mIrra- (zhrla-) 3. rrr?ra- (ryla-) 4. ena- (yela-) 5. a!la6. arra- agla7. -rr-. (yighla-) 8. fixrla yig'la-

2. ilnrnnras6 (shrnrayaq) 3. qulrrr an< (chrnr ayak) 4. qrrnasx (chrnayak) 5. flncan 6. qama ga$ka 7. .,tl-t (piyale) 8. nu€na piyola

2. ar,ua (aqsha) 3. arqa (akcha) 4. arqa (akcha) 5. para 6. nyl pul 7. Ji (nul) 8. uyn pul

cucumber bot. n.

cupboerd

Curtaln

3. ruxat[ (shka$ 4. urxa@ (shkaO 5. dolap 6. urarp gkaf 7. *lSl .l (ishkap) 8. urxaQ shkaf

2. nepge (perde) 3. uapta (parda) 4. uapga (piirde) 5. perde 6. nep4e perde 7. os.;:, (plirda) 8. nap4a parda

Cufe med.

cushlon

l.

,cdap xiyar 2. rtlr;p (qiyar) 3. oaglrpaq (badrang)

4. rorgp (kryar) 5. hryar 6. xurp hytar

7. Jserc

(utrkhiimiik)

8. oo.qlrur

bodring

cultlvatlon ag.n.

l.

jenauTrypua yetipdirma

2. xytrwwqris (kulrivatsiya) 3. xytrrcaqrls (kultivatsiya) 4. xyrrrrnnarlusJray (kulrivatsiyalAu) 5. tanm 6. erHH erue ekin ekme (teriqchiliC) 7. .il--*.;

8. .qex.Korrqwrkrr

l.

n.

tlnrruax fincan

n. 1. Aoaa6 dolab 2. urarp (shka$

v.

1. uyarnrqra sr- mrialica et2. eute- (yemde-) 3. gapnr.rra- (danla-)

4. 4ena.rra- (diivala-) 5. tedavi et6. 6es,ep bejer7. -lljls (davala-) 8. Aa-uora- davola-

curTency econ. n. l. rryl pul

l.

n.

nap4a parda

n. 1. jacrrrr yastrq 2. xac'rtrq, (zhastrq) 3. xacrnrr (iastrk)

4. uerl4ap (mendiir) 5. minder 6. sccrm iassyk 7. 2:S (korpe) 8. rlpnaua ko'rpacha

dehqonchilik

1.

Azerbaijanl z.Kazal& 3. Kyrgyz 4.Tatar 5. Turkish 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek

t

t

Dictionary of the Turkic

l-anguages

I

39

CugtOttr

custom n.

dagger n.

1. aggr adat 2. eger-rxprrn (f,det-ghunp) 3. ypu-agar (urp-adat)

4. ropoQ-ragar (goref-gaddQ 5. selenek -ae cc y p diip-dessur 6. EE-:-u 7. .: esU (adliQ 8. yp([o.4ar urf-odat

1. xerrwap xancor 2. qarrnap (qanzhar) 3. xaruap (kanjar) 4. xennep (khflnjAr) 5. hanger 6. raua gama 7. :.+".i (khfrtjiir) 8. xauxap xanjar

customer

daisY bot. n.

n. 1. rrrrureprn mtigtari 2. carrrn arr5nxbr

| @&qrzsiEeyi

(satrp aluwshr)

3. camru aryyqy (saup aluuchu)

4. carnru aJrlrqbr (saup 5. miigteri 6. unu4epu mti$eri 7. ,l.r.,r+ (kheridar) 8. xapu4op xaridor

customs n. l. xerrpn gdmnik

2. 3. 4. 5.

aluchr)

2. pouaurra (romashka) 3. por*arura (romashka) 4. {f;Ei!^E, (ak chiichlik) 5. papatya 6. xaprapNr:ra margaritka 7. J$rU*.s (diistargiil) 8. g,acropryn dastorgul

dam

n.

l. oanq band ,- "v-u\

2. 6orer (bJX

(pulsiz)

8. 'rerHs

7. oL;,r

fontan

(nrkin)

8. apxutr erkin

7.

l. racrrp kasir 2. cenuex (bitlshek) 3. oenqer (b0lchdk) 4. saKnarrua (vaklanma) 5. kesir 6. ,rqpoor drob

8. @orran

. c.6,{

l. rryncy: pulsuz 2. reris (tegin) 3. oexep (beker) 4. rvlavceg (rtiliii.isez) 5. bedava 6. uyrr mugt

1. @rman fontan 2. (pouraH (fontan) 3. Qou'raH (fontan) 4. ([onrau (fontan) 5. gegme 6. ([onraH fontan (fontan)

7

tekin

fieedom pol.

l.

n. asa,q.rrblr azadhq

2. asar'rbrq, (azattrq) 3. apxru1ryx (erkindik) 4. rpxeuer (irkenlek) 5. dzgtirliik 6. aaa'untx azatlyk 7. 4J'J.l{, (iirkinlik) 8. apxxnnsx erkinlik

freeze vi. 1. non- don2. mH- (tong-) 3. toq- (tong) 4.'ryr\- (tung) 5. don6. ,u,oq- dofi7. -xl; (tongla-) 8. uyua- muzla-

Azerbaijani 2. Kazakh 3. Kyrgyz 4. Tatar 5. Turkish 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek

i

i

I

Dictionary of tbe Turkic languages

fresh

63

I

! !

l

frog

fresh adj. l. raea taza

zool. n. 1. rypdara qurbafa 2. Xrpdaqa (qurbaqa) 3. 6ara (baka) 4. 6ara (baka) 5. kurbala

2. sarta (zhanga) 3. xar$r 0angt) 4. cl{a (yanga) 5. taze 6. rase tllze

7. ;L

6. rypoara

7. tik

(yengi)

8. ruru

4. x,oura (omga) 5. cuma 6. asna anna 7. uh (tirtti) 8. xyua juma

frlend

n. 1. aoc.r dost Roc (dos) aoc (dos) ayc (dus) arkadag Rosr dost (dost)

8. xym

do'st

n. gocr:rryr dostluq

l.

AocrnrK (dosuq) aosryr (dostuk) gycnrtx (dushk) arkadaghk

gorrayr

dostluk

7.

;:h-,s (dostluq) 8. alcrrnx do'stlik

l. Azerbaijani

-dan

front: ln front of prep.

frtendshtp

4. 4raneur $imesh) 5. meyve 6. urne miwe 8. uena

8. -xas

7. .:-1s

n. 1. uejua meyqo 2. xeuic (zheuris) 3. neronu (emish)

7. n*

(-din, -tin)

1. orrnrga rintindo 2. aaupnua (aldmda) 3. aqmnUa (aldrnda) 4. a.nsa (alda) 5. dntinde 6. eI{rHAe tifliinde

7. l.r".rjb (aldlda) 8. or.uflIa oldida

frost n. l. uraxra gaxta 2. an (ayaz) 3. mq (tong) 4. cyux (surk) 5. don 6. an ajaz

2. Kazakh 3. Kyrgyz

4.Taw

sovuq

frutt

1. -Aas,-Aan -dan,dan

7 . g;- , Cy' s

(qirav)

8. couyr,

from prep. -rart, -Terr, -,4,iu{, -AeH, -HaH, -Herr (-tan, -ten, -dan, -den, -nan, -nen) 3. -,4an, -AeH, -AoH, -[oH, -TaH, -TeH, -mH, TeH (-dan, -den, don, -dOn, -tan, -ten, -ton, -tOn) 4, -gan, -Aarr, JTaH, -T'€H, -Harr, -HaH (-dan, -dan, -tan, -uin, -nan, -niin) 5. -dan, 'den, -tan, -ten 6. -Aas, -Aen -dan, -den

3. xyua (uma)

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

qurbaqa

2.

wYua (zhuma)

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

(paqa)

8. x,ypoaqa

yangi

Friday n. l. qrua ctima 2.

gurbaga

7. jt--;

(mevi) meva

frutt jutce

n. 1. ueina rurlpocu meyva Errcsr

2. urnpmn (shnn) 3. rur4e (shire) 4. cy (su) 5. meyva suyu 6. rame cynnr miwe

suwy

7. o,.a (shirn[) 8. uapoar

full

sharbat

adj.

1. .qo/ry dolu 2. m.mr (toh) 3. mno (tolo)

4. ryrnr (tuh) 5. dolu 6. gP,tnt doly 7. A!; (toluq) 8. rira to'la

fur n.

l. xm xaz 2. mpi (teri) 3. rcpa (teri) 4. uex (mekh) 5. kiirk 6. dararra bagana 7.

.r4

8.

uprra mo')rna

(ter[)

5. Turktsh 6. Turkmen 7.

Uighur 8. Uzbek

&

furnlture

furniture

l

n.

ue6en mebel

2. ueleru- (mebel') 3. auepr (emerek) 4. srlhas (iihaz.) 5. mobilya 6. veoern mebel 7. a-/:|.rt* *y (dy jahazlirt) 8. xNx,or jihoz

future n. I. xerausr galacak 2. ooraurar, (bolashaq) 3. xereqer (kelecbek) 4. rnnaqar (kiliichiik) 5. gelecek 6. reas,er geljek

7. s-jg.S 8.

(ktrlgtisi)

reraxal

l. ojyn oyun 2. oimra (oym) 3. onn (oyun) 4. yex (uyen) 5. oyun 6. otou olun

7. irk-rt (oyun)

yitrfi

garage n.

l.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

7.

gas phy. n. l. rar qaz 7, ns (gaz) 3. ras (gaz) 4. rar (gaz)

rapax qaraj rapax (garazh) rapax (garaj) rapax (garazh)

5.W

garaj

rapax

6. r'a:

garaf

t.

3trK (garazh)

8. rapan

garden n.

'

;tS (W)

8. ra:

garaj

gaz.

gaz

gasoline n,

l. oar baf 2. oa(ua (baqsha) 3. oarqa (bakcha) 4. 6arqa (bakcha) 5. bahge 6. 6ar,6axx,a bag, bakja 7. €3t, (baghchl) 8. 6or bog'

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

gardener n.

gate

l.

6etrsgu benr,in 6errslilr (bcnzin) derremr (benzin) oengrur (benzin) benzin

deHglffr bcnzin

ux

Oenzin) deHsHH benzin

kelajak

game n.

8.

Diaionary of the Twkic l-anguages

l.

oardaH ba$ban 2. oaroan (baghban)

n. 4apnara darvaza 2, {,aqna (qaqpa)

l.

3. oarqlr Oakchr) 4. 6arqaqnr (bakchachr) 5. bahgtvan 6. oardan bagban 7. .>,F\ Oaghviin) 8. ooroon bogbon

3. 4apoaea (darbaza) 4. rarrra (kapka) 5. kapt 6. Repseee derweze 7. l3l3r.s (diirvaza) 8. ,q,apuoaa darvoza

garllc bot. n.

general adj. 1. ruyuu tirnumi

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

2. wurrmr (zhalpr) 3. xarunr (alpr) 4. rouyulr (gomumi) 5. genel 6. yuymr umumy 7. aFyt (omumiY) 8. Wprm umumiy

o'yin

game (*hunting) n. l. os ov

2. aq (ang) 3. aq (ang) 4. ay (au) 5. av 6. an aw 7. ji (ov) 8. os ov

l. capnrucar sanmsaq capnrucaq, (sanmsaq)

capuucax (sanmsak) capnrucar (sanmsak) sarmrsak

capnrucax sarymsak

,.;L..L

(samsaq)

capmrco4, sarimsoq

l. Azerbaijani 2. Kazakh 3.Kyrgyz 4.Tatu

5.

Turkish 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek

,l

.4:,:. *.i,il;

generous

65

Dictionary of the Turkic l-anguages

get uP (=arise) v.

generous adi.

geology

1. arrnaqtrr aliagrq 2. xouayr (zhomart) 3. xoouapr (oomart)

1. xeonoxuja geologiya

4. nrrapr (yumart) 5. c0mert 6. caxnl sahy

l. o.;-

(sekhty)

8. caxuli

saxiy

2. 3. 4.

n.

reonor*rs. (geologiya) reonoruc (geologiya) reoaortrs (geologiya)

5. jeoloji

6. reonorrlr geologiia

7.

4 j*S

8. reoaorr.rc

gentle adj.

geometry

1. rrvnajmr miilayim 2. naeix (nezik) 3. naslr (nazik) 4. naerrrr (nazh) 5. nazik 6. uaxr4rm mfihirli

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

7.

7.

(yavash)

(ge'ologiyr) geologiya

1. hanAacs handasa reouetpnr (geometriya) reousrpnr (geometriya) reouerpra (geometriya) geometri

reouerpur geometriia

+-+4

8. reouerpur

gentleman

get off v. 1. arru- diig2. rvc- (tiis-)

l.

n.

qanad canab

2. rorpaa (mma) 3. rorpsa (mrza) 4. @rue (ef:inde) 5. efendi 6. x,entrmuen jentlmen 7. .9.ri
toy n. l. ojynuar

oyuncaq

2. oriunrunrq, (oyrnshrq) 3. oronuyr (oyunchuk) 4. yenumr (uyench*) 5. oyuncak 6. ofuianaq oynawag 7. A*t; (oyunchuq) 8. lfirmuo4 o'yinchoq

Turkrsh 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek

Y a

trace n. 1. *s iz z. b (tz) 3. w (tz) 4. s (ez)

5. 1z 6. nra yz 7. 3; @) 8. rs iz

traffic

4. ypaM xapoKare (uram khflrflklte) 5. trafik 6. xepeKer hereket

iiia

(qamash)

xgpararH yo'l harakati

trafflc [ght n. 1. cnerorDop svetofor 2. cwrorpop (svetofor) 3. cneruDop (svetofor) a. cssroOop (svetofor) 5. rafft tgtlt 6. cneroQop swetofor 7

.

gp ),*,.

,tt:ti

(qatnash chtriqi)

8. cserc@p svetofor

traln

n.

1. rarap qatar

2. noer.r lproyezd) 3. uoesA 0oezd) 4. noesn $oyezd) 5. tren 6. mrnr oUy 7. y-x Ooyiz) 8. noes.4 poyezd 1.

3. rpawan (tramvay) 4. rpauraH (tramvay) 5. tramvay 6. rpauaati tramway

3. casrar

translate

(transport aghrmr) 3. TpaHcrrolvr (uan sport)

8.

travel

n. 1. cajahar seyahat 2. carxar (sayakhat) (sayakat)

ce <er (seyakhflt) seyahat

4. 5. 6. crrrxar 7. .:
8. rlrapa

(cau.rto)

ko'tara (savdo)

why

adv. 1. navrrYH natiqin 2. uere (nege) 3. aurre rqrn (emne iichiin) 4. nm'a (niga) 5. nigin 6. naue rqHH nlime iigin

7.

o*i .1, (nemil tichiin)

8. rnana yuyn

ntma uchun

wlde

adj. 1. xer*ru genig 2. req (keng) 3. relr (keng) 4. roar Ging) 5. genig

6. ruq

7.

lA

gin Gang)

8. reHr

keng

wlfe n. l. apnag arvad

2. alaan (ayel) 3. axn (ayal) 4. xarnur (khann) 5. kan 6. utt

1.

Dictionary of the Turkic l-anguages

166

ayal

wlndow

7.

JL-u (ayal) 8. xorurr xotin

l.

2. repese (tereze) 3. 'rcpese (tcreze) 4. ropra (tarezfi) 5. pencere 6. anHurre hpiqge 7. oi_r, s (derizii) 8. Aepara deraz,a

wlld adj. l. nohurH vahqi

2. uadatur (zhabayt) 3. xanaitt (iapayt) 4. nrpruN (krgry) 5. vahgi 6. soarrbr iabany

7. urljti

n. norruapo pcnccra

wlne cul. n.

(yavayi)

l.

8. ennor.tu yowoyi

ruapad gorab 2. ruapan (sharap)

wlllow

3. uapan (sharap) 4. ruapad (shiirab) 5. garap 6. uamrp gakyr

bot. n.

1. cejv.q soytid 2. mn (tal) 3. ran (tal) 4. mr (tal) 5. sd[iit 6. c6;:Yr,tan sciwiit, 7. c,.Sp (sctget) 8. rut tol

7. Gt )t,

8. nHrro vino

wlng zool. n. v.

1. ra.rmd xan- qalib gal2. xeq- (zheng-) 3. xer{- (ieng-) 4. x,rnr- (iing-) 5. kazan6. err- iefl-

wind

n.

1. ratla'r1 qanad 2. x,arra'r (qanat) 3. ranar (kanat) 4. ranar (kanat) 5. kanat 6. rana'r ganat

7. .rbti (qanat) 8. x,asor qanot

wlnter

$iine-)

8. ranaoa x,lur-

g'alaba qil-

l. xvnar ktilak 2. wan (zhel) 3. xgII (iel) 4. xrrr (iil) 5. rtizgAr 6. e.n iel 7. Jtti (shanal) 8. urauon shamol

(iiziim hariqi)

tal

wln (=!s victorious)

7.-3.,

;jjjl

n.

1. ruru qrg 2. xuc (qn) 3. ruuu (krsh) 4. ronu (knh) 5. ktl 6. mnn gv$

7.

,Jr*i (qish)

8. rmu

qish

Azerbaijani 2.Kazalrh 3.Kyrgyz 4. Tatar 5. Turkish 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek

wltness

wlre (-cable)

n. sim tel, 1. r€r, crm 2. cnru (sm) 3. sbru (am) 4. rranep qbrdblK (timer chrbft) 5. tel

1. ruahrra gahid

5. 6.

uarr

gaiat

8. rysox

Guvahchi) guvoh

1.rypa

qurd

2. KacKnp (qasqr) 3. xapnnurnrp (kanshkr) 4. 6rpe (btire) 5. kurt 6. uex.er mdjek

l. apoy arzu

7. j::U

8.

eg,st aital

7. o;p

au

Ghotun)

ayol

8. opoy orzu

wood (=a forest) n.

l. ueura

5. ile 6. onrren bilen

7. cr,\

mege

2. mrari (oghay) 3. roxoilqo (tokoycho) 4. ypuan (uman) 5. koru 6. rorafr tokai 7. JJi' r-,1rs (dlrflkhllk) 8. ypuon o'rmon

4. oenan (belln) (biHn)

rru

(iin)

1. mg sdz 2. cos (sdz) 3. cee (sdz) 4. cve (siiz) 5. kelime 6. cee stiz 7. ;;- (stiz) 8. cF so'z

5. ka&n

1. rerra ila 2. oipre (birge) 3. nesen (menen)

3.

word ling. n.

6.

wlth

n. f . iys yun 2. wYtt(zhiin)

1. ralrnrn qadrr 2. eirel (eyel)

5. dilek 6. ,ryuer dileg

prep.

yog'och

womSn n. 3. asn (ayal) 4. xarrur (tlhatm)

(arzu)

8. ero.r

8. oypu bo'ri

(bOre)

tila-

2. rilner(tilek) 3. rsaer (Ulek) 4. re.uar (tellik)

(yaghach)

4. frou (yon) 5. yun 6. r-rn{ y[n 7. lh $ung) 8. xyH jun

7. ort

n.

7. aV\

wool

woU zool. n.

v. 1. apayna- amula2. rtne- (tile-) 3. rute- (tile-) 4. rena- (rcla-) 5. dile6. apayn ar- anuw et'1. r); (tile-)

wish

gahit

7. ,*t1f

wlsh

trlta-

2. arau (aebash) 3. rarraH (taktay) 4. araq (agach) 5. tahta 6. araq ag g

2. xye (kuw[) 3. rvoe (ktib0) 4. urahrry (shahit)

6. cnr sim 7. ,.* (sim) 8. crru sim

8.

wood (=lumber) n. 1. raxra taxta

n.

work v. l. laune- igla-

2. xvuuc icre- (zhumrs iste-) 3. rnure- (ishte-)

4. auua- (eshlfl-)

5. galtg6. Nure- igle7. -.J-* (ishH-) 8. latua- ishla-

8. dnrlau bilan

l. Azerbaijani 2. Kazal&

3.

Kyrgyz 4. Tatar

5.

Turkish 6. Turkmen

7.

Uighur

8. Uzbek

r68

Dctionary of the Turkic languages

worker

worshlp rel. n.

wrestllng spor. n.

2. nrulrcutrr 3. xyuyuruy (iumushchu) 4. auqe (eshche) 5. igqt 6. rurep igglir

1. HoaAryr ibadot 2. radrtny (trblnuw) 3. ra6luryy (tabrnuu) 4. runda.qrr (gtybadilt) 5. ibadet $. 6y$eAar ybadat

2. rvpc (kiires) 3. rvpeu (ktiritsh) 4. xopotu (kOrlsh) 5. giireg 6. reperu gtircg

n. 1. tfirhna, HruqH fohlo, iqEi (zhumrsshr)

7.

(ishchi)

"'-:*s 8. rrrqH

ishchi

world

n. 1. 6rrrja diinya 2. gvuue (dtintye)

7.

t*j"

8. g,yu€

7. u:+?

(chelish)

8. rypam

kurash

wound

wrist phys. n. l. or-raar bilak

l.

(dunya) dunyo

n.

iapa yara

wrsp

wonn zool. n.

v.

l. capu- san-

1.rypa qurd 2. arpr (qurt)

opa- (ora-) opo- (oro-) ypa- (ura-) sar-

3. xypr (kurt) 4. ropr ftort) 5. kurt 6. rypuyr guryuk

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Aona-

7. or1j

7. -l:-*

8.

rypr

(qurt)

8. ypa-

qurt

worry y. l. uapahar oa- narahat ol2. adnrpmr- (abrrzhr-) 3. xaftrmaan- (kaygilan-) 4. 6opuun- (borchil-) 5. kaygrlan6. num.a.mrKcbrgJraHynjalyksyzlan-

7. -l;1u (gh2inqil) 8. r'aunmunag-

tashvishlan-

xrnaru giilag

7. .:rsti (tbadilt) 8, x6oAa'r ibodat

2. xapa (zhara) 3. xapa (iara) 4. rpa (yara) 5. yara 6. cpa iara 7. .:,.rlrL (iamha$ 8. cpa yra

3. Ariixe (diiyn0) 4. Aerttr (dtin'ya) 5. diinya 6. nrnrla diini{

l.

(ora-) o'ra-

wrcnch

l.

dola-

tech. n.

rajxa qayka

2. rirn (kilt) 3. aqrnrq (achktch) 4. rarka aqKbIrIbI

ainex (bilek) 3. 6uer (bilek) 4. dexager cef,tre (beltizek sOyage)

5. bilek 6. rouap

7. ,r*+ 8.

gogar

(beghish)

ouar

write

l.;a*

bilak

y. yaz-

2. xas- (zhu-) 3. xas- (iaz-) 4. n- (yaz-)

5.yu'

6. n- !az7. -:\ (Yaz') 8. es- yoz-.

wrlter lit. n. l. jaanrum yazrEr

ingiliz anahtarr rairra aqapbl gaika agary

2. xaayunr (zhazuwshr) 3. xasyyuy (azuuchu) 4. rsyrm (yazuchr) 5. yazar 6. ssnrx,rr iazyjy

'E!5

7. .5;-i;-iQ

(gayka achkrchr)

5. 6. 7. 8.

2.

Guluch)

rafua Kiurlrrx gayka kaliti

8. eryruH

$azghuchi) yozuvchi

,'-\

1.

Azerbaijani 2.Kazat& 3. Kyrgyz 4.Tatzr 5. Turkish 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek

wrtttng n. f . iart yazt

wrltlng

t69

Dictionary of the Turkic languages

yellow adj. l. capn san

yogurt cul. n. 1. ramrr qatrq 2. aErpan (ayran)

2. wazy (zhazuw) 3. xaryy (azuu) 4. sy (yazu) 5. yazr 6. rp tazuw 1. .r* $eziq) 8. esyn yozuv

2. capnt (san) 3. caprt (san) 4. caprt (san) 5. sart 6. capnr sary 7. ,.y r (seriq) 8. capnx, sariq

3. aspaH (ayran) 4. fromrpr (yogn) 5. yolurt 6. rarlrr gatyk 7. d:.;r; (qetiq) 8. rarzr qatiq

wrong odj.

yes

you (*plural) pron.

l.

iarrnrru

yanhg

2. q,arc (qate) 3. xara (kata) 4. srn'bilr (yalgrsh) 5. yanhg 6. snrrnru talflyl 7. Eu, (khata) 8. norirpu noto'g'ri

yswn v. l. ecrre- asno-

adv. 1. oernr,he beli,he 2. ua (iyl) 3. oo6a (ooba)

4. efie (iiye) 5. evet 6. xara

7. crt 8.

re

(siler, sizder)

4. ceg (sez) 5. siz 6. cfis siz 7. ).J- (SUrl 8. rrn siz

hawa

(ha'A) ha

yesterday

n. 1. ArHon diinan

you (*singular) pron.

reue (keshe) xeqaa (kechee)

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. -r:-c (1sn6-) 8. acna- esna-

2. 3. 4. rcrqa (kiche) 5. diin 6. Arlu{ diiyn 7. ofiti (tiinugrin) 8. xeqa kecha

year

yet adv. l. hana hala

ecine- (yesine-) asre- (este-) ucue- (isnii-) esner:asula- palla-

n.

1. rurr il

2. mu (zhrl) 3. mta (id) 4. er (yel) 5. ytl

6. tmrla iyl 7. J.{ (yil) 8. ranr yil

1. cfis siz 2. cielep (sizder) 3. clurep, craAep

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

7.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

"-*

8. raas

crt

(sen, siz)

cltrr, cee (sin, sez) sen, siz

cerr, cHa $en, siz

young adj. 1. trrasarr cavan 2. rLac (zhas) 3. xau (ash) 4. qrrrh (yash') 5. geng 6. ru iag

entek

(rcmi1

7. ,;U

halt

l. Azerbaijanl 2.Ka7akh 3. Kyrgyz 4.Tatar

cen,

7. ,>- , ''- (sdn, siz) 8. cen, cH3 sen, slz

orri (eli) arm (all) ere (tile) heniiz

aurer

@u,cr.l3 san, siz @H,cis (sen, siz)

8. eru

5.

Turkish

6.

$ash) yosb

\-,'

Turkmen 7. Utgbur 8. Uzbek

your

170

your adj.

yourself pron.

calnntt, cH3HlI sanin, sizut 2. cerriH, cir,rdrt

esvu ozrin 2. eritr (atzing) 3. ornl tdzting) 4. v:eq (iizeng) 5. kendin 6. elvrt dztif,

l.

(sening, sizding)

3. cenrut, crulepAlrll (senin, silerdin)

4. crnletl, ce3ueq (sineng, sezneng)

5. scnin, sizin 6. ceru-u1, cH3HI( scnifl, sizifl 7. lt-;* ,l.Lr"* (sening, sizning)

8. cerrltrrr, cttrtrllrrr sening, sizning

yours pron.

l.

calutxH,

clr3Hr{KH

saninki, sizinki 2. cerriri, cisAiri (seniki, sizdiki)

3. ceruccH,

ctfuryrK?t

(seniki, sizdiki) 4. cunexe, ce3HeKe (sineke, sezneke) 5. seninkl, sizinki

6. cerntltrn,

CH3HIIKH

senif,ki, siziflki

7. o;3.;;,*

,

(seningki, sizningki)

8. cermrg, ctnHrlKu seniki, sizniki

1.

l.

7

. Ji :i 'rs-y': j (oziing, 6zliri)

8. !:mlr

o'zing

yourselves pron.

l. ervuvg tiztinriz

2. esirtis (ozingiz) 3. esyrlvr (0zi.ingtiz) 4. vgerer (iizegez) 5. kendiniz 6. esvr{Hs dziifliz

7. it;-i, 8.

(Ozingiz)

ysr.rrrrrEs o'zingiz

Dictionary of the Turkic larguages

zero num. L curlltp srfir 2. rrer (nol) 3. uor (nol) 4. rrorn (nol') 5. stfir 6. rronr nol 7. J; (nol) 8. rrorn nol'

zoo

l.

n.

:loonapr zoopark

2. soouapx (zoopark) 3. roonapr (zoopark) 4. roonapr (zoopark) 5. hayvanat bahgesi 6. roonapr zoopark 7. ,-*;t, .:,Ul;tr (hayvanat baghchtst)

8. xarlnottor 6orH hayvonot bog'i

youth

n.

l. rauriurm ganclik 2. rac'mr6, (zhasnq) 3. xaurnrx (iashttk) 4. surrer (yash'lek) 5. genElik 6. silurnrx iaglyk 7. J;Liq (yashliq) 8. euvntr yoshlik

Azerbaijani 2. Kazakh 3. Kyrgyz 4. Tatar 5. Turkish 6. Turkmen 7. Uighur 8. Uzbek